Staff Experiences of Using Virtual Reality in a Pain Management Group

This is a new technology and form of clinical treatment. As such it is not possible to draw on existing literature to give a hypothesis. Rather this research will aim to help form new understanding of this developing technological approach. Subsequently a qualitative approach is best to gain an indepth and detailed understanding of the experiences of the clincians who delivered Virtual Reality in a chronic pain group structure. In the group, around 8 patients with Chronic, non-cancer pain were given the opportunity to use a range of programs; demos for commercially available computer games, a virtual natural world to support use of mindfulness approaches, and a program developed for us by Sheffield Hallam University involving climbing and bow and arrow components.

Individual semi-structured interviews will allow the researchers to focus on aspects of the delivery of the technology and how it might be improved in the future. It will also give the freedom to respond to the participating clinicians and explore previously unanticipated issues or views.

The Pain Management Program Group runs over 6 weeks. Exercise components and mindfulness makes up part of each session and is normally led by the clinician. They are largely made up of educational components that will be led as normal. In these Virtual Reality Pain Management Groups the exercise component will be replaced by active games in a virtual reality environment. This will involve a range of games that engage the patient to move their upper-limbs and trunk. The mindfulness component will place the patient in the immersive digital environment and then encourage them to engage with it by making use of conventional mindfulness exercises.

At a date following the completion of the group, the staff leading the group will be involved in a single semi-structured interview lasting around 30 minutes. Participants will be asked about how they found using Virtual Reality technology in a Pain Management Group, what issues arose that they had to overcome and how they think the sessions need to be developed in the future. Interviews will take place during clinic times over the telephone. Time will be allowed so that staff can take part in these interviews. The interviewer will be another member of staff at the same organisation who has not been involved in the delivery of the Virtual Reality technology. They are also the chief investigator.

The interviews will be recorded directly onto a secure laptop (password protected encryption) and the recordings will be stored on a secure server in a password protected file. It will be transcribed and analysed in Microsoft Word using a thematic approach. This will then be transferred to the Sheffield Hallam University Data Archive following analysis.

Confirmation of the themes identified and outcomes of the qualitative research will be reviewed with the interviewed clinicians. This will attempt to address researcher bias and ensure that participants recognise the issues raised by the research.