Hand OsteoarthritisNCT04402047
Electroacupuncture vs Topical Diclofenac Sodium Gel for Patients With Hand Osteoarthritis
A study testing Electroacupuncture and Topical diclofenac sodium gel in people with Hand Osteoarthritis, run by Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences at 1 site in China.
Trial summary
Hand osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent joint disorder characterized by pain, stiffness, and bony enlargements/swellings of multiple joints, in particular distal interphalangeal (DIP), proximal interphalangeal (PIP) and first carpometacarpal (CMC) joints. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 80 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Hand Osteoarthritis
- What is being tested?
- Electroacupuncture and Topical diclofenac sodium gel
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 108 participants
- Where
- 1 siteChina
- Study dates
- 1 Sep 2020to 28 Feb 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 80 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- History of hand OA for at least 3 months before enrolment and use of a NASID for ≥ 1 episode of pain;
- Reported an average possible overall finger joints pain intensity in the dominant hand over the past 48 hours of at least 40mm according to a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS) after 1-week wash-out period of previous OA medications(Patients applying NSAIDs at the screening had to have an increase in pain in the dominant hand of ≥ 20 mm during washout);
- Posterior-anterior radiographs had to show Kellgren-Lawrence grade 1, 2, or 3 changes in symptomatic joints;
- Rheumatoid factor and anticyclonic citrullinated peptide were negative in all eligible participants to exclude inflammatory arthritis;
- Ability to comply with the study protocol, understand the medical information forms as well as having signed informed consent.
Who cannot join
- History or current evidence of secondary OA(due to causes other than a solely degenerative joint disease) or symptomatic OA at additional locations besides the hand(s) requiring treatment, or any painful syndrome of the upper limb which may interfere with evaluation of hand pain;
- History of inflammatory arthritis(e.g., rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis), hemochromatosis, metabolic, or neuropathic arthropathies;
- History of trauma, dislocation or operation to the hand or arm in the previous 3 months;
- Hand pain and stiffness due to tissue scarring or tendinitis;
- Skin damage or serious skin disorders in the hands;
- Intake of antidepressants, anticonvulsants, vascular or narcotics during the 10 days prior to beginning the study;
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- Oral, intramuscular, intra-articular or intravenous corticosteroids, or hyaluronic acid injection within 3 months preceding enrollment;
- Serious uncontrolled medical conditions such as cancer, uncontrolled cardiovascular disorder, severe hepatic/renal insufficiency or coagulation disorder;
- Known allergy, contraindication or intolerance to diclofenac, acetaminophen, or gel components;
- Known phobic to acupuncture or received acupuncture treatment within 4 weeks prior to enrollment.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
China1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang'anmen Hospital
Beijing
About this study
Official title: Electroacupuncture vs Topical Diclofenac Sodium Gel for Patients With Hand Osteoarthritis: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Hand osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent joint disorder characterized by pain, stiffness, and bony enlargements/swellings of multiple joints, in particular distal interphalangeal (DIP), proximal interphalangeal (PIP) and first carpometacarpal (CMC) joints. Symptomatic hand OA is estimated to affecting 15.9% of women and 8.2% of men in the general population with a variable disease course, occurring more frequently in the elderly. Many factors including age, gender, obesity, genetic predisposition, joint deformity, joint hypermobility, and trauma are implicated in the development of hand OA. In addition to pain and stiffness, patients with hand OA often suffer from the reduced grip and pinch strength, decreased range of motion in involved and noninvolved joints, and difficulty performing dexterous tasks, resulting in disability in activities of daily living and considerable frustration.
At present, no therapies can completely cure hand OA and few therapeutic options with proven effectiveness for hand OA exist. Diclofenac sodium gel (DSG) is one of the commonly used topical NSAIDs, which can provide local pain relief for patients with hand OA with reduced systemic exposure, potentially reducing the risk of adverse events (AE). Acupuncture is effective in a host of pain-related conditions, ranging from low back pain, neck pain, shoulder pain, migraine to pain from knee OA. The research on the effects of acupuncture in people with hand OA is very limited.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical effectiveness of 4-week electroacupuncture(EA) compared to topical DSG in the treatment of hand OA. Our primary hypothesis was that EA would result in a greater pain relief improvement in hand OA compared with topical DSG.
- Conditions
- Hand Osteoarthritis
- Being tested
- Electroacupuncture, Topical diclofenac sodium gel
- Keywords
- Hand osteoarthritis; Electroacupuncture; Diclofenac sodium gel
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
ElectroacupunctureOther
We will apply Ashi points, Ex-UE9, SI3, and TE5. Sterile needles (0.3mm× 40mm) and SDZ-V EA apparatus will be utilized. Acupuncturists will insert needles perpendicularly into Ashi points for approximately 2-3mm until they pierce into the bone surface; acupuncturists will insert needles horizontally into Baxie points towards the wrist with a depth of 5-10mm; and acupuncturists will insert needles perpendicularly into SI3 and TE5 for approximately 5-10mm. All needles except Ashi points will be manually manipulated to achieve De qi. The needles at Baxie 1 and Baxie 4 will be connected using alligator clips from the EA apparatus. The electrical stimulation will last for 30 minutes with a continuous wave of 10 Hz and a fixed current intensity of 0.5 to 2 mA. All the needles will be retained for 30 minutes. Participants will undergo EA treatment three times per week for a total of 12 sessions in four consecutive weeks. If bilateral hands were affected, both sides will be treated.
Topical diclofenac sodium gelDrug
The gel will be gently rubbed over the affected joints without excessive joint movement four times per day for 4 weeks and will be asked not to wash hands for one hour after application. Each hand treatment will be used in identical dispensing doses of gel (4 cm strip, approximately 2g, which was judged sufficient for approximately half the surface of each hand (200 cm2)). Dosing times should be distributed evenly over waking hours.If bilateral hands were affected, both sides will be treated.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Electroacupuncture group | Experimental | Not described Receives: Other: Electroacupuncture |
| Topical DSG group | Active comparator | Not described Receives: Drug: Topical diclofenac sodium gel |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in average overall finger joints pain intensity in the dominant hand over the past 48h from baseline to week 4
Pain intensity will be measured using a 0-100 VAS, with 0 indicating no pain and 100 indicating maximal pain.
Measured: at baseline and week 4
Secondary outcomes (11)
Change in average overall finger joints pain intensity in the dominant hand over the past 48h from baseline to weeks 8, 16
Pain intensity will be measured using a 0-100 VAS, with 0 indicating no pain and 100 indicating maximal pain.
Measured: at baseline，week 8 and week 16
The proportion of participants achieving at least a 15-point reduction in average overall finger joints pain intensity in the dominant hand from baseline to weeks 4, 8 and 16
Measured: at week 4, week 8 and week 16
Change in Australian Canadian Osteoarthritis Hand Index (AUSCAN) total score, and pain, stiffness and physical function subscales from baseline to weeks 4, 8 and 16
The AUSCAN index contains a 15-item scale referring to hand pain (5 items), stiffness (1 item), and function (9 items) during the preceding 48 hours, which is valid, reliable and responsive in patients with hand OA. All items are scaled on a 0-100 VAS (0=none to 100= very severe), with higher scores indicating more severe symptoms/function.
Measured: at baseline，week 4, week 8 and week 16
Change in Functional Index for HOA (FIHOA) from baseline to weeks 4, 8 and 16
The FIHOA is a patient-reported hand function questionnaire, comprising 10 items with a four-point Likert scale, in which 0 represents "possible without difficulty", 1 indicates "possible with slight difficulty", 2 represents "possible with important difficulty" and 3 indicates "impossible"
Measured: at baseline，week 4, week 8 and week 16
Change in the number of self-reported painful joints and painful joints at digital pressure from baseline to weeks 4, 8 and 16
All finger joints will be reported spontaneously for the presence of pain by the participants, and examined by a trained research nurse for the presence of pain at digital pressure.
Measured: at baseline，week 4, week 8 and week 16
Change in the number of swollen joints from baseline to weeks 4, 8 and 16:
All soft swollen finger joints count (0-30) will be assessed by a trained research nurse at each study visit.
Measured: at baseline，week 4, week 8 and week 16
Change in hand grip strength and pinch strength of the fingers from baseline to weeks 4, 8 and 16:
Hand grip strength and pinch strength of the fingers of the dominant hand will be tested using a hand dynamometer and a Jamar digital pinch gauge respectively.
Measured: at baseline，week 4, week 8 and week 16
Change in patient global assessment of improvement from baseline to weeks 4, 8 and 16
The patients will be asked to respond to the question 'Considering all the ways your hand OA affects you, how have you been during the last 48 h?' on a self-administered 0-100 VAS (0, worst possible, to 100, best possible, in 10-point increments)
Measured: at baseline，week 4, week 8 and week 16
The proportion of responder according to the Outcome Measures in Rheumatological Clinical Trials (OMERACT) and Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) responder criteria at weeks 4，8 and 16
The OMERACT-OARSI response is defined as an improvement in either pain (0-100 overall finger joints pain) or function (0-36 AUSCAN physical function) with ≥50% (relative) and ≥20/100 (absolute); or if the improvement is ≥20% (relative) and ≥10/100 (absolute) in ≥2 of the following: pain, functioning and patient global assessment of improvement.
Measured: at week 4, week 8 and week 16
Change in quality of life assessed by the World Health Organization Quality of Life abbreviated version (WHOQOL-BREF) from baseline to weeks 4, 8 and 16
The WHOQOL-BREF is a 26-item self-report questionnaire rated on a 5-point Likert-type scale with four domains of QOL: physical (seven items), psychological (six items), social (three items), and environment (eight items), plus 2 items representing the general QOL. The four domain scores are scaled in a positive direction with higher scores indicating a higher quality of life.
Measured: at baseline，week 4, week 8 and week 16
Self-reported consumption of acetaminophen for hand OA during weeks 1-4 and weeks 5-12
The proportion of participants using acetaminophen and the average dosage of acetaminophen used weekly will be calculated and assessed.
Measured: at weeks 1-4 and weeks 5-12
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted26 May 2020
- Study start1 Sep 2020
- Primary completion31 Aug 2022 (estimated)
- Study completion28 Feb 2023 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (2)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Hand OsteoarthritisStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 108 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Liu Zhishun, Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
- Investigators
- Zhishun Liu, MD, PhD, Principal investigator, Department of Acupuncture, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04402047
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2020-015-KY
- Status last verified
- Oct 2020
- First submitted
- 20 May 2020
- Last updated
- 8 Oct 2020
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: Individual participant data are available on reasonable request. You can send e-mail to us if you have any question
Publications
Wang W, Kang J, Shi J, Jiao R, Zang Z, Long Z, Wang X, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z. Efficacy of Electroacupuncture Compared With Topical Diclofenac Sodium Gel for Patients With Hand Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Mayo Clin Proc. 2026 May 27:S0025-6196(25)34683-5. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2025.12.018. Online ahead of print.
PubMed 42201269Wang W, Yu S, Long Z, Liu Y, Yan Y, Sun T, Liu Z. Electroacupuncture vs topical diclofenac sodium gel for patients with hand osteoarthritis: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. J Orthop Surg Res. 2022 Apr 12;17(1):233. doi: 10.1186/s13018-022-03125-1.
PubMed 35413861
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 8 Oct 2020. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Electroacupuncture vs Topical Diclofenac Sodium Gel for Patients With Hand Osteoarthritis: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04402047
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2020-015-KY
- Conditions
- Hand Osteoarthritis
- Keywords
- Hand osteoarthritis; Electroacupuncture; Diclofenac sodium gel
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 108 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Sep 2020 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 Aug 2022 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 28 Feb 2023 (estimated)
- First posted
- 26 May 2020 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Hand osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent joint disorder characterized by pain, stiffness, and bony enlargements/swellings of multiple joints, in particular distal interphalangeal (DIP), proximal interphalangeal (PIP) and first carpometacarpal (CMC) joints. Symptomatic hand OA is estimated to affecting 15.9% of women and 8.2% of men in the general population with a variable disease course, occurring more frequently in the elderly. Many factors including age, gender, obesity, genetic predisposition, joint deformity, joint hypermobility, and trauma are implicated in the development of hand OA. In addition to pain and stiffness, patients with hand OA often suffer from the reduced grip and pinch strength, decreased range of motion in involved and noninvolved joints, and difficulty performing dexterous tasks, resulting in disability in activities of daily living and considerable frustration.
At present, no therapies can completely cure hand OA and few therapeutic options with proven effectiveness for hand OA exist. Diclofenac sodium gel (DSG) is one of the commonly used topical NSAIDs, which can provide local pain relief for patients with hand OA with reduced systemic exposure, potentially reducing the risk of adverse events (AE). Acupuncture is effective in a host of pain-related conditions, ranging from low back pain, neck pain, shoulder pain, migraine to pain from knee OA. The research on the effects of acupuncture in people with hand OA is very limited.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical effectiveness of 4-week electroacupuncture(EA) compared to topical DSG in the treatment of hand OA. Our primary hypothesis was that EA would result in a greater pain relief improvement in hand OA compared with topical DSG.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Electroacupuncture group | Experimental | Other: Electroacupuncture |
| Topical DSG group | Active comparator | Drug: Topical diclofenac sodium gel |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 80 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- History of hand OA for at least 3 months before enrolment and use of a NASID for ≥ 1 episode of pain;
- Reported an average possible overall finger joints pain intensity in the dominant hand over the past 48 hours of at least 40mm according to a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS) after 1-week wash-out period of previous OA medications(Patients applying NSAIDs at the screening had to have an increase in pain in the dominant hand of ≥ 20 mm during washout);
- Posterior-anterior radiographs had to show Kellgren-Lawrence grade 1, 2, or 3 changes in symptomatic joints;
- Rheumatoid factor and anticyclonic citrullinated peptide were negative in all eligible participants to exclude inflammatory arthritis;
- Ability to comply with the study protocol, understand the medical information forms as well as having signed informed consent.
Key exclusion criteria (10 listed)
- History or current evidence of secondary OA(due to causes other than a solely degenerative joint disease) or symptomatic OA at additional locations besides the hand(s) requiring treatment, or any painful syndrome of the upper limb which may interfere with evaluation of hand pain;
- History of inflammatory arthritis(e.g., rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis), hemochromatosis, metabolic, or neuropathic arthropathies;
- History of trauma, dislocation or operation to the hand or arm in the previous 3 months;
- Hand pain and stiffness due to tissue scarring or tendinitis;
- Skin damage or serious skin disorders in the hands;
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| ElectroacupunctureWe will apply Ashi points, Ex-UE9, SI3, and TE5. Sterile needles (0.3mm× 40mm) and SDZ-V EA apparatus will be utilized. Acupuncturists will insert needles perpendicularly into Ashi points for approximately 2-3mm until they pierce into the bone surface; acupuncturists will insert needles horizontally into Baxie points towards the wrist with a depth of 5-10mm; and acupuncturists will insert needles perpendicularly into SI3 and TE5 for approximately 5-10mm. All needles except Ashi points will be manually manipulated to achieve De qi. The needles at Baxie 1 and Baxie 4 will be connected using alligator clips from the EA apparatus. The electrical stimulation will last for 30 minutes with a continuous wave of 10 Hz and a fixed current intensity of 0.5 to 2 mA. All the needles will be retained for 30 minutes. Participants will undergo EA treatment three times per week for a total of 12 sessions in four consecutive weeks. If bilateral hands were affected, both sides will be treated. | Other | Electroacupuncture group |
| Topical diclofenac sodium gelThe gel will be gently rubbed over the affected joints without excessive joint movement four times per day for 4 weeks and will be asked not to wash hands for one hour after application. Each hand treatment will be used in identical dispensing doses of gel (4 cm strip, approximately 2g, which was judged sufficient for approximately half the surface of each hand (200 cm2)). Dosing times should be distributed evenly over waking hours.If bilateral hands were affected, both sides will be treated. | Drug | Topical DSG group |
Primary outcome
Change in average overall finger joints pain intensity in the dominant hand over the past 48h from baseline to week 4
Time frame: at baseline and week 4
Pain intensity will be measured using a 0-100 VAS, with 0 indicating no pain and 100 indicating maximal pain.
11 secondary outcomes
Change in average overall finger joints pain intensity in the dominant hand over the past 48h from baseline to weeks 8, 16
Time frame: at baseline，week 8 and week 16
The proportion of participants achieving at least a 15-point reduction in average overall finger joints pain intensity in the dominant hand from baseline to weeks 4, 8 and 16
Time frame: at week 4, week 8 and week 16
Change in Australian Canadian Osteoarthritis Hand Index (AUSCAN) total score, and pain, stiffness and physical function subscales from baseline to weeks 4, 8 and 16
Time frame: at baseline，week 4, week 8 and week 16
Change in Functional Index for HOA (FIHOA) from baseline to weeks 4, 8 and 16
Time frame: at baseline，week 4, week 8 and week 16
Change in the number of self-reported painful joints and painful joints at digital pressure from baseline to weeks 4, 8 and 16
Time frame: at baseline，week 4, week 8 and week 16
Change in the number of swollen joints from baseline to weeks 4, 8 and 16:
Time frame: at baseline，week 4, week 8 and week 16
Change in hand grip strength and pinch strength of the fingers from baseline to weeks 4, 8 and 16:
Time frame: at baseline，week 4, week 8 and week 16
Change in patient global assessment of improvement from baseline to weeks 4, 8 and 16
Time frame: at baseline，week 4, week 8 and week 16
The proportion of responder according to the Outcome Measures in Rheumatological Clinical Trials (OMERACT) and Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) responder criteria at weeks 4，8 and 16
Time frame: at week 4, week 8 and week 16
Change in quality of life assessed by the World Health Organization Quality of Life abbreviated version (WHOQOL-BREF) from baseline to weeks 4, 8 and 16
Time frame: at baseline，week 4, week 8 and week 16
Self-reported consumption of acetaminophen for hand OA during weeks 1-4 and weeks 5-12
Time frame: at weeks 1-4 and weeks 5-12
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 8 Oct 2020.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 42201269Wang W, Kang J, Shi J, Jiao R, Zang Z, Long Z, Wang X, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z. Efficacy of Electroacupuncture Compared With Topical Diclofenac Sodium Gel for Patients With Hand Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Mayo Clin Proc. 2026 May 27:S0025-6196(25)34683-5. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2025.12.018. Online ahead of print.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 35413861Wang W, Yu S, Long Z, Liu Y, Yan Y, Sun T, Liu Z. Electroacupuncture vs topical diclofenac sodium gel for patients with hand osteoarthritis: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. J Orthop Surg Res. 2022 Apr 12;17(1):233. doi: 10.1186/s13018-022-03125-1.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. Individual participant data are available on reasonable request. You can send e-mail to us if you have any question
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Zhishun Liu, MD, PhD principal investigator
Department of Acupuncture, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Electroacupuncture and Topical diclofenac sodium gel in people with Hand Osteoarthritis, run by Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences at 1 site in China.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 10 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 8 Oct 2020. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in China. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact weiming wang, MD, PhD (010-88001241, wangweiming1a1@163.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in average overall finger joints pain intensity in the dominant hand over the past 48h from baseline to week 4 (time frame: at baseline and week 4). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04402047, which also lists 2 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 8 Oct 2020.