Energy ExpenditureNCT04491708
What is the Metabolic Intensity of Pilates
A study testing Pilates exercises in people with Energy Expenditure, run by Catholic University of Brasília.
Trial summary
Background: Pilates is a form of structured physical activity that is commonly used in rehabilitation settings and to improve muscular fitness, balance, and flexibility. Despite its popularity, it is not known whether the energy expenditure (EE) and oxygen consumption from Pilates sessions could also lead to metabolic… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 30 years, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Energy Expenditure
- What is being tested?
- Pilates exercises
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 18 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- 1 Jul 2015to 30 Jan 2016
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 30 years
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Women aged up to 30 years;
- Sedentary or irregularly active, as assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ);
- Not have any prior experience in Pilates exercises.
Who cannot join
- Have any clinical or orthopedic conditions/disease;
- Practitioner of any type of exercise.
About this study
Official title: What is the Metabolic Intensity of Pilates: An Analysis of the Energy Expenditure and Cardiovascular Markers of Intensity of Apparatus and Mat Pilates Sessions
Background: Pilates is a form of structured physical activity that is commonly used in rehabilitation settings and to improve muscular fitness, balance, and flexibility. Despite its popularity, it is not known whether the energy expenditure (EE) and oxygen consumption from Pilates sessions could also lead to metabolic fitness benefits. The aim of this study was to quantify the intensity and the EE during two different types of Pilates sessions (mat and apparatus). Methods: 18 healthy females (age: 22 ± 3 years; height: 1.6 ± 0.1cm; body mass: 61.0 ± 10.0 kg; body mass index: 21 ± 3 kg/cm2) performed two different sessions. Each session involved the performance of 15 different exercises. Oxygen consumption (VO2) was measured continuously and then converted to EE in Kcal/min. Blood lactate, heart rate (HR), and blood pressure (BP) were also measured. A repeated measures two-way ANOVA (time X group) determined differences between types.
Read the detailed description
The participants attended two half-hour Pilates exercise classes twice a week, for one month, to familiarize themselves with the exercises and to learn the 5 Pilates' principles. After the learning period, two experimental sessions were performed: a Mat Pilates session and a Reformer apparatus Pilates session. The order of each session was randomized and drawn beforehand. Each experimental session lasted about one and a half hours and the interval between the sessions was 48 hours. Participants were asked to not perform any exercise and to refrain from food or fluids except water eight hours prior to each experimental session. Prior to the start of the experimental sessions, participants received a standard breakfast of 321 kcal that was 76% (61 g) carbohydrate, 8% (6,7 g) protein, 16% (5,9) fat, provided by the study researchers. All sessions were conducted at the same time in the morning, and the room temperature (22°C) and humidity (40-50%) were controlled during the whole session.
Prior to the start of experimental sessions, participants rested in a supine position for 15 minutes. At the end of the 15 minutes, while still supine, measurements of BP and resting blood lactate were taken using standard laboratory procedures. Participants were then outfitted with a oxygen gas analyzer (Metalyzer 3b Cortex, Germany). Participants were connected by a mask, covering mouth and nose, to a digital gas flow analyzer. Standard calibration before every session was conducted according to the manufacturer's instructions.VO2 and HR were then simultaneously recorded for 5 minutes in a sitting position. At the end of the 5 minutes, the exercise session was started. VO2 and HR were monitored continuously throughout the session, while BP was assessed during rest intervals between exercises. At the end of the exercise session, BP and blood lactate were measured one time in a supine position in the post recovery time period. VO2 and HR were measured continuously for 5 minutes post session in a sitting position.
- Conditions
- Energy Expenditure
- Being tested
- Pilates exercises
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Pilates exercisesOther
The participants attended two half-hour Pilates exercise classes twice a week, for one month, to familiarize themselves with the exercises and to learn the 5 Pilates' principles. After the learning period, two experimental sessions were performed: a Mat Pilates session and a Reformer apparatus Pilates session. The order of each session was randomized and drawn beforehand. Each experimental session lasted about one and a half hours and the interval between the sessions was 48 hours. Participants were asked to not perform any exercise and to refrain from food or fluids except water eight hours prior to each experimental session. Prior to the start of the experimental sessions, participants received a standard breakfast of 321 kcal that was 76% (61 g) carbohydrate, 8% (6,7 g) protein, 16% (5,9) fat, provided by the study researchers. All sessions were conducted at the same time in the morning, and the room temperature (22°C) and humidity (40-50%) were controlled during the whole session.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Apparatus Pilates | Experimental | The same Pilates exercises were performed during the Mat Pilates and Reformer apparatus sessions. For each exercise, one set of 10 repetitions was performed. Between each exercise, participants were allowed to rest for 2 minutes in a lying position. For each exercise in the Reformer apparatus, the number of springs used was defined during the familiarization sessions as the highest number of springs the participant could perform the 10 repetitions of the exercise with proper technique and following the 5 Pilates principles correctly. The exercises performed were (Stott 2003; Stott 2001): 1) Cat stretch; 2) Hip rolls; 3) Ab prep; 4) Breast stroke preps; 5) Hundred; 6) Breast stroke; 7) Half roll back; 8) Single leg stretch; 9) Slow double leg stretch; 10) Double leg stretch; 11) Double leg circle; 12) Scissors; 13) Roll over; 14) Teaser; 15) Spine stretch forward. Receives: Other: Pilates exercises |
| Mat Pilates | Experimental | The same Pilates exercises were performed during the Mat Pilates and Reformer apparatus sessions. For each exercise, one set of 10 repetitions was performed. Between each exercise, participants were allowed to rest for 2 minutes in a lying position. For each exercise in the Reformer apparatus, the number of springs used was defined during the familiarization sessions as the highest number of springs the participant could perform the 10 repetitions of the exercise with proper technique and following the 5 Pilates principles correctly. The exercises performed were (Stott 2003; Stott 2001): 1) Cat stretch; 2) Hip rolls; 3) Ab prep; 4) Breast stroke preps; 5) Hundred; 6) Breast stroke; 7) Half roll back; 8) Single leg stretch; 9) Slow double leg stretch; 10) Double leg stretch; 11) Double leg circle; 12) Scissors; 13) Roll over; 14) Teaser; 15) Spine stretch forward. Receives: Other: Pilates exercises |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Energy expenditure
VO2 was measured continuously for both Mat and Reformer apparatus Pilates as described previously. Data were calculated on breath-by-breath intervals at rest and during exercise. The absolute EE in kilocalories per minute was estimated using a constant value of 5.05 kcal.L-1 O2, so the O2 values expressed in L/min were multiplied by 5.05. VO2 values in ml/min/kg were also considered for the analysis.
Measured: 50 minutes
Secondary outcomes (3)
Blood Lactate
Capillary blood samples were collected from a fingertip before the first exercise and immediately after the last exercise of the Mat Pilates and Reformer apparatus experimental sessions. These samples were added into a 3mL eppendorf tube with sodium fluorite and this mixture was frozen to be further analyzed via spectrophotometry using a YSI 2300 STAT Plus (Yellow Springs Instrument, Yellow Springs, Ohio, USA).
Measured: 10 minutes
Heart rate
HR was recorded continuously throughout the sessions using a POLAR RS800cx heart-rate monitor (Polar Electro, Kempele, Finland) as per manufacturers guidelines for sensor belt placement. The mean HR of each Pilates sessions was determined using the Polar Precision Performance software (version 5.40.172).
Measured: 50 minutes
Blood pressure
BP was measured using a digital BP monitor (Microlife BP 3BTO-A, São Paulo, Brazil) on the left arm. BP was measured, when participants lied on a bed on supine position, before, during (in the rest intervals between exercises) and after the exercises in the post exercise. Both pressures, sistolic and diastolic, was assessed during the study period.
Measured: 15 minutes
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted29 Jul 2020
- Study start1 Jul 2015
- Primary completion30 Dec 2015
- Study completion30 Jan 2016
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Energy ExpenditureStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 18 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Catholic University of Brasília
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Letícia de Souza Andrade, Catholic University of Brasília
- Investigators
- Yomara Mota, Study director, Catholic University of Brasilia
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04491708
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 28657514.0.0000.0029
- Status last verified
- Aug 2020
- First submitted
- 25 Jul 2020
- Last updated
- 5 Aug 2020
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Wilmore JH, Parr RB, Ward P, Vodak PA, Barstow TJ, Pipes TV, Grimditch G, Leslie P. Energy cost of circuit weight training. Med Sci Sports. 1978 Summer;10(2):75-8.
PubMed 692305
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 5 Aug 2020. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- What is the Metabolic Intensity of Pilates: An Analysis of the Energy Expenditure and Cardiovascular Markers of Intensity of Apparatus and Mat Pilates Sessions
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04491708
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 28657514.0.0000.0029
- Conditions
- Energy Expenditure
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 18 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Catholic University of BrasíliaUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jul 2015 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Dec 2015 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Jan 2016 (actual)
- First posted
- 29 Jul 2020 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Background: Pilates is a form of structured physical activity that is commonly used in rehabilitation settings and to improve muscular fitness, balance, and flexibility. Despite its popularity, it is not known whether the energy expenditure (EE) and oxygen consumption from Pilates sessions could also lead to metabolic fitness benefits. The aim of this study was to quantify the intensity and the EE during two different types of Pilates sessions (mat and apparatus). Methods: 18 healthy females (age: 22 ± 3 years; height: 1.6 ± 0.1cm; body mass: 61.0 ± 10.0 kg; body mass index: 21 ± 3 kg/cm2) performed two different sessions. Each session involved the performance of 15 different exercises. Oxygen consumption (VO2) was measured continuously and then converted to EE in Kcal/min. Blood lactate, heart rate (HR), and blood pressure (BP) were also measured. A repeated measures two-way ANOVA (time X group) determined differences between types.
Detailed description
The participants attended two half-hour Pilates exercise classes twice a week, for one month, to familiarize themselves with the exercises and to learn the 5 Pilates' principles. After the learning period, two experimental sessions were performed: a Mat Pilates session and a Reformer apparatus Pilates session. The order of each session was randomized and drawn beforehand. Each experimental session lasted about one and a half hours and the interval between the sessions was 48 hours. Participants were asked to not perform any exercise and to refrain from food or fluids except water eight hours prior to each experimental session. Prior to the start of the experimental sessions, participants received a standard breakfast of 321 kcal that was 76% (61 g) carbohydrate, 8% (6,7 g) protein, 16% (5,9) fat, provided by the study researchers. All sessions were conducted at the same time in the morning, and the room temperature (22°C) and humidity (40-50%) were controlled during the whole session.
Prior to the start of experimental sessions, participants rested in a supine position for 15 minutes. At the end of the 15 minutes, while still supine, measurements of BP and resting blood lactate were taken using standard laboratory procedures. Participants were then outfitted with a oxygen gas analyzer (Metalyzer 3b Cortex, Germany). Participants were connected by a mask, covering mouth and nose, to a digital gas flow analyzer. Standard calibration before every session was conducted according to the manufacturer's instructions.VO2 and HR were then simultaneously recorded for 5 minutes in a sitting position. At the end of the 5 minutes, the exercise session was started. VO2 and HR were monitored continuously throughout the session, while BP was assessed during rest intervals between exercises. At the end of the exercise session, BP and blood lactate were measured one time in a supine position in the post recovery time period. VO2 and HR were measured continuously for 5 minutes post session in a sitting position.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Apparatus Pilates | Experimental | Other: Pilates exercisesThe same Pilates exercises were performed during the Mat Pilates and Reformer apparatus sessions. For each exercise, one set of 10 repetitions was performed. Between each exercise, participants were allowed to rest for 2 minutes in a lying position. For each exercise in the Reformer apparatus, the number of springs used was defined during the familiarization sessions as the highest number of springs the participant could perform the 10 repetitions of the exercise with proper technique and following the 5 Pilates principles correctly. The exercises performed were (Stott 2003; Stott 2001): 1) Cat stretch; 2) Hip rolls; 3) Ab prep; 4) Breast stroke preps; 5) Hundred; 6) Breast stroke; 7) Half roll back; 8) Single leg stretch; 9) Slow double leg stretch; 10) Double leg stretch; 11) Double leg circle; 12) Scissors; 13) Roll over; 14) Teaser; 15) Spine stretch forward. |
| Mat Pilates | Experimental | Other: Pilates exercisesThe same Pilates exercises were performed during the Mat Pilates and Reformer apparatus sessions. For each exercise, one set of 10 repetitions was performed. Between each exercise, participants were allowed to rest for 2 minutes in a lying position. For each exercise in the Reformer apparatus, the number of springs used was defined during the familiarization sessions as the highest number of springs the participant could perform the 10 repetitions of the exercise with proper technique and following the 5 Pilates principles correctly. The exercises performed were (Stott 2003; Stott 2001): 1) Cat stretch; 2) Hip rolls; 3) Ab prep; 4) Breast stroke preps; 5) Hundred; 6) Breast stroke; 7) Half roll back; 8) Single leg stretch; 9) Slow double leg stretch; 10) Double leg stretch; 11) Double leg circle; 12) Scissors; 13) Roll over; 14) Teaser; 15) Spine stretch forward. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 30 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Women aged up to 30 years;
- Sedentary or irregularly active, as assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ);
- Not have any prior experience in Pilates exercises.
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Have any clinical or orthopedic conditions/disease;
- Practitioner of any type of exercise.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Pilates exercisesThe participants attended two half-hour Pilates exercise classes twice a week, for one month, to familiarize themselves with the exercises and to learn the 5 Pilates' principles. After the learning period, two experimental sessions were performed: a Mat Pilates session and a Reformer apparatus Pilates session. The order of each session was randomized and drawn beforehand. Each experimental session lasted about one and a half hours and the interval between the sessions was 48 hours. Participants were asked to not perform any exercise and to refrain from food or fluids except water eight hours prior to each experimental session. Prior to the start of the experimental sessions, participants received a standard breakfast of 321 kcal that was 76% (61 g) carbohydrate, 8% (6,7 g) protein, 16% (5,9) fat, provided by the study researchers. All sessions were conducted at the same time in the morning, and the room temperature (22°C) and humidity (40-50%) were controlled during the whole session. | Other | Apparatus Pilates, Mat Pilates |
Primary outcome
Energy expenditure
Time frame: 50 minutes
VO2 was measured continuously for both Mat and Reformer apparatus Pilates as described previously. Data were calculated on breath-by-breath intervals at rest and during exercise. The absolute EE in kilocalories per minute was estimated using a constant value of 5.05 kcal.L-1 O2, so the O2 values expressed in L/min were multiplied by 5.05. VO2 values in ml/min/kg were also considered for the analysis.
3 secondary outcomes
Blood Lactate
Time frame: 10 minutes
Heart rate
Time frame: 50 minutes
Blood pressure
Time frame: 15 minutes
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 5 Aug 2020.
- Background: PubMed 692305Wilmore JH, Parr RB, Ward P, Vodak PA, Barstow TJ, Pipes TV, Grimditch G, Leslie P. Energy cost of circuit weight training. Med Sci Sports. 1978 Summer;10(2):75-8.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Yomara Mota study director
Catholic University of Brasilia
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Pilates exercises in people with Energy Expenditure, run by Catholic University of Brasília.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 5 Aug 2020. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Energy expenditure (time frame: 50 minutes). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04491708, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 5 Aug 2020.