Breast Neoplasm FemaleBRCA-DIRECTNCT04842799
Digital Delivery of Information About Genetic Testing for Breast Cancer
A study testing Digital Delivery of Pre-Genetic Testing Information via the BRCA-DIRECT Platform and Digital Delivery of Genetic Test Results via the BRCA-DIRECT Platform in people with Breast Neoplasm Female, run by Institute of Cancer Research, United Kingdom at 5 sites in United Kingdom.
Trial summary
BRCA-DIRECT is a pragmatic, randomised, non-inferiority evaluation that aims to evaluate whether digital delivery of pre-test information for BRCA-testing in breast cancer patients is non-inferior to current standard practice of 1:1 delivery from a healthcare professional as measured by rate of uptake of the genetic… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older, women only
- Conditions the study is for
- Breast Neoplasm Female
- What is being tested?
- Digital Delivery of Pre-Genetic Testing Information via the BRCA-DIRECT Platform and Digital Delivery of Genetic Test Results via the BRCA-DIRECT Platform
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 1,140 participants
- Where
- 5 sitesUnited Kingdom
- Study dates
- 5 Jul 2021to 16 Jan 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- Women only
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Diagnosis of invasive breast cancer or high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)
- Female
- Aged 18 years or over
- Access to smartphone or email + internet
- Good comprehension of the English Language
Who cannot join
- Previous testing for BRCA1/2
Trial locations and contacts
5 sites in 1 country.
5 sites in 1 country
United Kingdom5 sites
Royal Marsden Hospital, Chelsea
Chelsea, London, SW3 6JJ
Royal Marsden Hospital, Kingston
Kingston, London, KT2 7QB
Wythenshawe Hospital
Manchester, England, M23 9LT
North Manchester General Hospital
Manchester, M8 5RB
Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton
Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5PT
About this study
Official title: BRCA-DIRECT: Randomised Evaluation in Women Diagnosed With Breast Cancer of Digitally-delivered Pre-test Information for BRCA-testing
BRCA-DIRECT is a pragmatic, randomised, non-inferiority evaluation that aims to evaluate whether digital delivery of pre-test information for BRCA-testing in breast cancer patients is non-inferior to current standard practice of 1:1 delivery from a healthcare professional as measured by rate of uptake of the genetic testing.
Read the detailed description
Participants will be recruited via breast clinics in two oncology centres. Patients will be provided with a study pack containing information about the study. If in clinic, the patient can complete an expression of interest form and a saliva/blood sample will be stored until consent to the study is received. The consent form and saliva sample can be completed at home and sent to the study team.
On receipt of a signed study consent form, the local site will confirm the patient's eligibility and enter details required for study conduct onto the BRCA-DIRECT databases.
After 24 hours, the participant will be sent a link to the BRCA-DIRECT study platform interface. This link enables the participant to progress through the study or withdraw if they have changed their mind.
Participants will be randomised 1:1 to receive either:
- Telephone consultation with a genetic counsellor (standard of care) The telephone consultations will be as per standard practice of the qualified genetic counsellor delivering the pre-test information.
- Digital delivery of pre-test information via BRCA-DIRECT platform (intervention)
Participants will receive a link to the digital pre-test information. This will consist of text covering:
- Genetics and cancer risk
- Genetics testing
- What will happen if your test is positive
- What will happen if your test is negative
- Implications for insurance
All participants will have access to a Genetic Counsellor hotline at all stages of the process.
For both arms, if a participant decides to proceed with the genetic test they will sign a digital 'BRCA-test consent' form, which will be formatted to BSGM (British Society of Genomic Medicine) standards. All participants will receive a copy of their signed BRCA-test consent form via secure email/post. The participant will have two days following test-consent to reverse the decision to proceed with the BRCA-test. Beyond those two days, the test will proceed.
The laboratory testing is a standard UK NHS (National Health Service) genetic test. This is delivered for both the intervention arm and the standard-of-care arm.
Participants with a negative (normal) genetic test result will be randomised to receive results either digitally, or via telephone consultation with the Genetic Counsellor. Any individuals with a positive result will receive their result by telephone. Following delivery of results, a results letter and copy of the pathology report will be sent to the participant and their medical team.
The participants will be invited to complete Quality of Life questionnaires, a knowledge test and satisfaction survey at various time points throughout the study via the BRCA-DIRECT platform.
- Conditions
- Breast Neoplasm Female
- Being tested
- Digital Delivery of Pre-Genetic Testing Information via the BRCA-DIRECT Platform, Digital Delivery of Genetic Test Results via the BRCA-DIRECT Platform
- Keywords
- Genetic Testing, Digital Intervention
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Digital Delivery of Pre-Genetic Testing Information via the BRCA-DIRECT PlatformOther
Participants will receive a link to the digital pre-test information. This will consist of text covering: Genetics and cancer risk; Genetics testing; What will happen if your test is positive; What will happen if your test is negative; Implications for insurance.
Where relevant, parts of the text will be linked through to additional information, such as insurance advice from the Association of British Insurers. Participants will be able to call a genetic counsellor on the hotline during weekday office hours, should they have any questions or require further information.
Digital Delivery of Genetic Test Results via the BRCA-DIRECT PlatformOther
Participants will receive a digital message that their results are available. When they click this, they will receive digital notification of their negative (normal) result in short form. Full details will be provided in an individualised letter.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Digital delivery of genetic pre-test information | Experimental | Half of participants will be provided with genetic pre-test information via the BRCA-DIRECT digital platform. Receives: Other: Digital Delivery of Pre-Genetic Testing Information via the BRCA-DIRECT Platform |
| Genetic counselling telephone appointment to discuss genetic pre-test information | No intervention | Half of participants will be provided with genetic pre-test information via the normal standard pathway - a telephone consultation with a Genetic Counsellor. |
| Digital delivery of BRCA-gene testing results | Experimental | 97.5% of participant's with a negative (normal) result will receive their BRCA-gene testing result via the BRCA-DIRECT digital platform. Receives: Other: Digital Delivery of Genetic Test Results via the BRCA-DIRECT Platform |
| Genetic counselling telephone appointment to discuss BRCA-gene testing results | No intervention | 2.5% of participants with a negative (normal) result and those with positive results will receive their BRCA-gene testing result via the normal standard pathway - a telephone consultation with a Genetic Counsellor. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Uptake of genetic testing
Proportion of patients proceeding with the BRCA-gene test following receipt of pre-test information
Measured: From the point the participant completes the initial Expression of Interest form at Enrolment, until the participant completes the BRCA-test consent approx. 1-3 weeks later.
Secondary outcomes (7)
Knowledge about genetic testing for BRCA genes
Test participant knowledge following delivery of pre-test information via a Knowledge Questionnaire (study specific) of 12 True/False/Unsure questions for a total possible score of 12/12.
Measured: 7 days after the BRCA-test consent has been signed the patient will complete the Knowledge Questionnaire
Anxiety following delivery of pre-test information and test results by the Spielberger State-Trait anxiety inventory
Participant Quality of Life Questionnaire scores collected before pre-test information and after test results received. The Spielberger state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) consists of two self-administered, 20-item questionnaires, with each item rated on a four-point Likert scale. It assesses anxiety proneness (trait) and the current state of anxiety change (state). The Trait anxiety is measured only once before pre-test information, and the State at each time point. High STAI scores signify greater anxiety.
Measured: The participant completes Quality of Life Questionnaires at baseline, 7 days after BRCA-test consent and then at 7 and 28 days after the notification that the patients BRCA-test results are available
Assessment of number of participants who uptake of digital genetic testing
Potential participant decline on account of lack of digital access
Measured: The point at enrolment where the participant completes the initial expression of interest form
'Test-offer-to-results' time
To compare 'Test-offer-to-results' time of the BRCA-DIRECT digital model compared to an audit of timings under current pathways at participating centres
Measured: The point at enrolment where the participant completes the expression of interest form until the notification that the patients BRCA-test results are available (approx. 6-8 weeks)
Helpline usage
Evaluate proportion of patients receiving digital pre-test information who require 1:1 discussion via the helpline
Measured: The point at which a participant who has been randomised to digital delivery of pre-test information contacts the telephone helpline, between date of randomisation and date of participant withdrawal/study completion 28 days after receiving test results
Healthcare professional satisfaction
Healthcare Professional Feedback Survey completion to evaluate how satisfied Healthcare professionals were with the BRCA-DIRECT digital model
Measured: Healthcare professional completes the Healthcare Professional Feedback Survey after interacting with the study, following completion of all patients through the study (approximately 14 months from study recruitment start).
Patient satisfaction
Participant Satisfaction Survey (study specific) completion to evaluate how satisfied patients were with the BRCA-DIRECT digital model, consisting of 9 questions, of which 3 are ranked on a scale of 1-5 (1 - not satisfied to 5 - very satisfied) and others are multi-choice.
Measured: 7 days after the notification that the patients BRCA-test results are available the participant completes the Participant Satisfaction Survey
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted13 Apr 2021
- Study start5 Jul 2021
- Primary completion1 Sep 2022
- Study completion16 Jan 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (2)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Breast Neoplasm FemaleStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Institute of Cancer Research, United KingdomThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Sequential
- Model description
- Participants are initially randomised 1:1 to receive genetic pre-test information either via the BRCA-DIRECT digital platform or a genetic counselling telephone appointment. Once the participants BRCA-gene test result becomes available, they are then randomised sequentially depending on the result of the genetic test. Participants with a negative (normal) result are randomised to receive this information either via the BRCA-DIRECT digital platform or a genetic counselling telephone appointment. Participants with a positive result will not be randomised and instead will always have a genetic counselling telephone appointment.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 1,140 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Institute of Cancer Research, United Kingdom
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- University of Sussex, University of Manchester, Cancer Research UK
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Gareth Evans, Principal investigator, Manchester University NHS Foundation TrustAngela George, Principal investigator, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04842799
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- CCR5234
- Other IDs
- C61296/A29423, 47406
- Acronym
- BRCA-DIRECT
- Status last verified
- May 2023
- First submitted
- 7 Apr 2021
- Last updated
- 6 May 2023
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Torr B, Jones C, Choi S, Allen S, Kavanaugh G, Hamill M, Garrett A, MacMahon S, Loong L, Reay A, Yuan L, Valganon Petrizan M, Monson K, Perry N, Fallowfield L, Jenkins V, Gold R, Taylor A, Gabe R, Wiggins J, Lucassen A, Manchanda R, Gandhi A, George A, Hubank M, Kemp Z, Evans DG, Bremner S, Turnbull C. A digital pathway for genetic testing in UK NHS patients with cancer: BRCA-DIRECT randomised study internal pilot. J Med Genet. 2022 Dec;59(12):1179-1188. doi: 10.1136/jmg-2022-108655. Epub 2022 Jul 22.
PubMed 35868849Torr B, Jones C, Kavanaugh G, Hamill M, Allen S, Choi S, Garrett A, Valganon-Petrizan M, MacMahon S, Yuan L, Way R, Harder H, Gold R, Taylor A, Gabe R, Lucassen A, Manchanda R, Fallowfield L, Jenkins V, Gandhi A, Evans DG, George A, Hubank M, Kemp Z, Bremner S, Turnbull C. BRCA-DIRECT digital pathway for diagnostic germline genetic testing within a UK breast oncology setting: a randomised, non-inferiority trial. Br J Cancer. 2024 Nov;131(9):1506-1515. doi: 10.1038/s41416-024-02832-2. Epub 2024 Oct 1.
PubMed 39349619
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 6 May 2023. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- BRCA-DIRECT: Randomised Evaluation in Women Diagnosed With Breast Cancer of Digitally-delivered Pre-test Information for BRCA-testing
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04842799
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- BRCA-DIRECT / CCR5234
- Conditions
- Breast Neoplasm Female
- Keywords
- Genetic Testing, Digital Intervention
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 1,140 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Institute of Cancer Research, United KingdomUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- University of Sussex, University of Manchester, Cancer Research UK
- Study start
- 5 Jul 2021 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Sep 2022 (actual)
- Study completion
- 16 Jan 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 13 Apr 2021 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
BRCA-DIRECT is a pragmatic, randomised, non-inferiority evaluation that aims to evaluate whether digital delivery of pre-test information for BRCA-testing in breast cancer patients is non-inferior to current standard practice of 1:1 delivery from a healthcare professional as measured by rate of uptake of the genetic testing.
Detailed description
Participants will be recruited via breast clinics in two oncology centres. Patients will be provided with a study pack containing information about the study. If in clinic, the patient can complete an expression of interest form and a saliva/blood sample will be stored until consent to the study is received. The consent form and saliva sample can be completed at home and sent to the study team.
On receipt of a signed study consent form, the local site will confirm the patient's eligibility and enter details required for study conduct onto the BRCA-DIRECT databases.
After 24 hours, the participant will be sent a link to the BRCA-DIRECT study platform interface. This link enables the participant to progress through the study or withdraw if they have changed their mind.
Participants will be randomised 1:1 to receive either:
- Telephone consultation with a genetic counsellor (standard of care) The telephone consultations will be as per standard practice of the qualified genetic counsellor delivering the pre-test information.
- Digital delivery of pre-test information via BRCA-DIRECT platform (intervention)
Participants will receive a link to the digital pre-test information. This will consist of text covering:
- Genetics and cancer risk
- Genetics testing
- What will happen if your test is positive
- What will happen if your test is negative
- Implications for insurance
All participants will have access to a Genetic Counsellor hotline at all stages of the process.
For both arms, if a participant decides to proceed with the genetic test they will sign a digital 'BRCA-test consent' form, which will be formatted to BSGM (British Society of Genomic Medicine) standards. All participants will receive a copy of their signed BRCA-test consent form via secure email/post. The participant will have two days following test-consent to reverse the decision to proceed with the BRCA-test. Beyond those two days, the test will proceed.
The laboratory testing is a standard UK NHS (National Health Service) genetic test. This is delivered for both the intervention arm and the standard-of-care arm.
Participants with a negative (normal) genetic test result will be randomised to receive results either digitally, or via telephone consultation with the Genetic Counsellor. Any individuals with a positive result will receive their result by telephone. Following delivery of results, a results letter and copy of the pathology report will be sent to the participant and their medical team.
The participants will be invited to complete Quality of Life questionnaires, a knowledge test and satisfaction survey at various time points throughout the study via the BRCA-DIRECT platform.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Sequential
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 4
- Model description
- Participants are initially randomised 1:1 to receive genetic pre-test information either via the BRCA-DIRECT digital platform or a genetic counselling telephone appointment. Once the participants BRCA-gene test result becomes available, they are then randomised sequentially depending on the result of the genetic test. Participants with a negative (normal) result are randomised to receive this information either via the BRCA-DIRECT digital platform or a genetic counselling telephone appointment. Participants with a positive result will not be randomised and instead will always have a genetic counselling telephone appointment.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Digital delivery of genetic pre-test information | Experimental | Other: Digital Delivery of Pre-Genetic Testing Information via the BRCA-DIRECT PlatformHalf of participants will be provided with genetic pre-test information via the BRCA-DIRECT digital platform. |
| Genetic counselling telephone appointment to discuss genetic pre-test information | No intervention | –Half of participants will be provided with genetic pre-test information via the normal standard pathway - a telephone consultation with a Genetic Counsellor. |
| Digital delivery of BRCA-gene testing results | Experimental | Other: Digital Delivery of Genetic Test Results via the BRCA-DIRECT Platform97.5% of participant's with a negative (normal) result will receive their BRCA-gene testing result via the BRCA-DIRECT digital platform. |
| Genetic counselling telephone appointment to discuss BRCA-gene testing results | No intervention | –2.5% of participants with a negative (normal) result and those with positive results will receive their BRCA-gene testing result via the normal standard pathway - a telephone consultation with a Genetic Counsellor. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Diagnosis of invasive breast cancer or high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)
- Female
- Aged 18 years or over
- Access to smartphone or email + internet
- Good comprehension of the English Language
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Previous testing for BRCA1/2
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Digital Delivery of Pre-Genetic Testing Information via the BRCA-DIRECT PlatformParticipants will receive a link to the digital pre-test information. This will consist of text covering: Genetics and cancer risk; Genetics testing; What will happen if your test is positive; What will happen if your test is negative; Implications for insurance. Where relevant, parts of the text will be linked through to additional information, such as insurance advice from the Association of British Insurers. Participants will be able to call a genetic counsellor on the hotline during weekday office hours, should they have any questions or require further information. | Other | Digital delivery of genetic pre-test information |
| Digital Delivery of Genetic Test Results via the BRCA-DIRECT PlatformParticipants will receive a digital message that their results are available. When they click this, they will receive digital notification of their negative (normal) result in short form. Full details will be provided in an individualised letter. | Other | Digital delivery of BRCA-gene testing results |
Primary outcome
Uptake of genetic testing
Time frame: From the point the participant completes the initial Expression of Interest form at Enrolment, until the participant completes the BRCA-test consent approx. 1-3 weeks later.
Proportion of patients proceeding with the BRCA-gene test following receipt of pre-test information
7 secondary outcomes
Knowledge about genetic testing for BRCA genes
Time frame: 7 days after the BRCA-test consent has been signed the patient will complete the Knowledge Questionnaire
Anxiety following delivery of pre-test information and test results by the Spielberger State-Trait anxiety inventory
Time frame: The participant completes Quality of Life Questionnaires at baseline, 7 days after BRCA-test consent and then at 7 and 28 days after the notification that the patients BRCA-test results are available
Assessment of number of participants who uptake of digital genetic testing
Time frame: The point at enrolment where the participant completes the initial expression of interest form
'Test-offer-to-results' time
Time frame: The point at enrolment where the participant completes the expression of interest form until the notification that the patients BRCA-test results are available (approx. 6-8 weeks)
Helpline usage
Time frame: The point at which a participant who has been randomised to digital delivery of pre-test information contacts the telephone helpline, between date of randomisation and date of participant withdrawal/study completion 28 days after receiving test results
Healthcare professional satisfaction
Time frame: Healthcare professional completes the Healthcare Professional Feedback Survey after interacting with the study, following completion of all patients through the study (approximately 14 months from study recruitment start).
Patient satisfaction
Time frame: 7 days after the notification that the patients BRCA-test results are available the participant completes the Participant Satisfaction Survey
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 6 May 2023.
- Background: PubMed 35868849Torr B, Jones C, Choi S, Allen S, Kavanaugh G, Hamill M, Garrett A, MacMahon S, Loong L, Reay A, Yuan L, Valganon Petrizan M, Monson K, Perry N, Fallowfield L, Jenkins V, Gold R, Taylor A, Gabe R, Wiggins J, Lucassen A, Manchanda R, Gandhi A, George A, Hubank M, Kemp Z, Evans DG, Bremner S, Turnbull C. A digital pathway for genetic testing in UK NHS patients with cancer: BRCA-DIRECT randomised study internal pilot. J Med Genet. 2022 Dec;59(12):1179-1188. doi: 10.1136/jmg-2022-108655. Epub 2022 Jul 22.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 39349619Torr B, Jones C, Kavanaugh G, Hamill M, Allen S, Choi S, Garrett A, Valganon-Petrizan M, MacMahon S, Yuan L, Way R, Harder H, Gold R, Taylor A, Gabe R, Lucassen A, Manchanda R, Fallowfield L, Jenkins V, Gandhi A, Evans DG, George A, Hubank M, Kemp Z, Bremner S, Turnbull C. BRCA-DIRECT digital pathway for diagnostic germline genetic testing within a UK breast oncology setting: a randomised, non-inferiority trial. Br J Cancer. 2024 Nov;131(9):1506-1515. doi: 10.1038/s41416-024-02832-2. Epub 2024 Oct 1.
- A digital pathway for genetic testing in UK NHS patients with cancer: BRCA-DIRECT randomised study internal pilot (publication of pilot phase study data for the first 130 participants recruited)Link provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Gareth Evans principal investigator
Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust
Angela George principal investigator
Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust
5 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Digital Delivery of Pre-Genetic Testing Information via the BRCA-DIRECT Platform and Digital Delivery of Genetic Test Results via the BRCA-DIRECT Platform in people with Breast Neoplasm Female, run by Institute of Cancer Research, United Kingdom at 5 sites in United Kingdom.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 May 2023. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 5 sites in United Kingdom. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Uptake of genetic testing (time frame: From the point the participant completes the initial Expression of Interest form at Enrolment, until the participant completes the BRCA-test consent approx. 1-3 weeks later.). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04842799, which also lists 2 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 May 2023.