Medical EducationNCT05043909
The Effects of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality Training System on Elderly Oral Care Skill for Oral Hygiene and Nursing Students
A study testing VR-based training in people with Medical Education, run by Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital at 1 site in Taiwan.
Trial summary
Virtual reality (VR) has been proposed as a promising technology for education since the combination of immersive and interactive features enables experiential learning. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of VR-based training on oral health care for dependency elderly among oral hygiene students. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 20 to 21 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Medical Education
- What is being tested?
- VR-based training
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine, Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 23 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTaiwan
- Study dates
- 27 Oct 2020to 23 Apr 2021
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 20 to 21 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- third grade of Department of Oral Hygiene students in Kaohsiung Medical University during the 2021 academic semester
- Participants have to take both the courses of 'Basic Medical Nursing Care' and 'Oral Health Care for Community People and Long-term Care Residents' before intervention.
Who cannot join
- none
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Virtual Reality Training System on Oral Health Care for Dependency Elderly in Oral Hygiene Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Virtual reality (VR) has been proposed as a promising technology for education since the combination of immersive and interactive features enables experiential learning. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of VR-based training on oral health care for dependency elderly among oral hygiene students.
Read the detailed description
A randomized controlled trial was conducted. Overall, the study recruited students from third grade of Department of Oral Hygiene students in Kaohsiung Medical University during 2021. The participants were randomly assigned to virtual-reality experimental (EG; n = 11) and control (CG; n = 12) groups. The students in EG received a 2-hour VR training for elderly oral health care at 2-week (Time 2), 4-week (Time 3) and 6-week (Time 4) follow-ups. Each student collected the data by a self-administrated questionnaire before and immediately after each of the intervention. Linear regression in generalized estimating equations (GEE) compare the differences between both groups.
- Conditions
- Medical Education
- Being tested
- VR-based training
- Keywords
- Dependency, Elderly, Medical Education, Oral Hygiene, Virtual Reality
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
VR-based trainingBehavioural
Students simulate the different physical and oral conditions of the elderly through virtual situations and provide suitable oral care methods. The whole training session took approximately two hours for each student; First, students were first given a short introduction to the VR system's use (10 minutes). Second, they were able to carry out oral care for the elderly while wearing VR goggles and using hand-controllers with the teaching and audio guides during the process (90 minutes), and an evaluation was taken after the intervention (20 minutes).
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental Group (EG) | Experimental | The students in EG received VR-based training for elderly oral health care at 2-week (Time 2), 4-week (Time 3), and 6-week (Time 4) follow-ups. The learning module was divided into three sessions according to the physical condition (1) Mild disability, (2) Semi-disability, (3) Total disability and oral condition, (1) wearing dentures, (2) missing teeth of the elderly. Students simulate the different physical and oral conditions of the elderly through virtual situations and provide suitable oral care methods. The whole training session took approximately two hours for each student; First, students were first given a short introduction to the VR system's use (10 minutes). Second, they were able to carry out oral care for the elderly while wearing VR goggles and using hand-controllers with the teaching and audio guides during the process (90 minutes), and an evaluation was taken after the intervention (20 minutes). Receives: Behavioral: VR-based training |
| Control Group (CG) | No intervention | The students in CG do not receive any of the interventions. However, the same VR-based curriculum of oral health care on dependency elderly were provided at the end of the study. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Elderly oral care-related knowledge
Twenty items measured elderly oral care-related knowledge; for example, 'There is no need to consider the size of the interdental brush.' Possible responses included True (1), False (0), and I do not know (0), with possible scores ranged from 0 to 20; a higher score indicated a higher degree of oral-care-related knowledge. The KR-20 coefficient was 0.56 for this scale
Measured: Change from Baseline knowledge at 2-, 4-, 6-week follow-ups after the interventions
Attitude toward elderly oral care
Seven items measured attitude toward elderly oral care, for example, 'Assist disabled elderly to clean their teeth is annoying.' Each item was scored on a five-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Possible scores ranged from 5 to 35; a higher score indicated a more positive attitude toward oral care for the elderly. Cronbach's alpha was 0.70 for this scale.
Measured: Change from Baseline attitude at 2-, 4-, 6-week follow-ups after the interventions
Self-efficacy of elderly oral care
Eleven items were used to evaluate the self-efficacy of elderly oral care. Students indicated their degrees of agreement with statements related to perceptions of personal ability concerning oral care for the elderly. For example, 'I am confident to remind disable elderly having regular dental visits every six months.' Each item was scored on a five-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Possible scores ranged from 5 to 55; a higher score indicated more substantial confidence toward oral care for the elderly. Cronbach's alpha was 0.87 for this scale.
Measured: Change from Baseline self-efficacy at 2-, 4-, 6-week follow-ups after the interventions
Intention to elderly oral care behaviors
Twelve items were used to evaluate the intention to elderly oral care behavior for elderly. Students indicated their goals of adding new behaviors or modifying existing behaviors of oral care for the elderly. For example, 'I will take the initiative to assist disabled elderly to clean their dentures.' Each item was scored on a five-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree).
Measured: Change from Baseline intentions at 2-, 4-, 6-week follow-ups after the interventions
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted14 Sep 2021
- Study start27 Oct 2020
- Primary completion23 Apr 2021
- Study completion23 Apr 2021
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Medical EducationStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 23 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Hsiao-Ling Huang, Principal investigator, Kaohsiung Medical University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05043909
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- KMUHIRB-SV(II)-20200071
- Status last verified
- Aug 2021
- First submitted
- 27 Aug 2021
- Last updated
- 14 Sep 2021
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 14 Sep 2021. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Virtual Reality Training System on Oral Health Care for Dependency Elderly in Oral Hygiene Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05043909
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- KMUHIRB-SV(II)-20200071
- Conditions
- Medical Education
- Keywords
- Dependency, Elderly, Medical Education, Oral Hygiene, Virtual Reality
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 23 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial HospitalUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 27 Oct 2020 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 23 Apr 2021 (actual)
- Study completion
- 23 Apr 2021 (actual)
- First posted
- 14 Sep 2021 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Virtual reality (VR) has been proposed as a promising technology for education since the combination of immersive and interactive features enables experiential learning. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of VR-based training on oral health care for dependency elderly among oral hygiene students.
Detailed description
A randomized controlled trial was conducted. Overall, the study recruited students from third grade of Department of Oral Hygiene students in Kaohsiung Medical University during 2021. The participants were randomly assigned to virtual-reality experimental (EG; n = 11) and control (CG; n = 12) groups. The students in EG received a 2-hour VR training for elderly oral health care at 2-week (Time 2), 4-week (Time 3) and 6-week (Time 4) follow-ups. Each student collected the data by a self-administrated questionnaire before and immediately after each of the intervention. Linear regression in generalized estimating equations (GEE) compare the differences between both groups.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental Group (EG) | Experimental | Behavioral: VR-based trainingThe students in EG received VR-based training for elderly oral health care at 2-week (Time 2), 4-week (Time 3), and 6-week (Time 4) follow-ups. The learning module was divided into three sessions according to the physical condition (1) Mild disability, (2) Semi-disability, (3) Total disability and oral condition, (1) wearing dentures, (2) missing teeth of the elderly. Students simulate the different physical and oral conditions of the elderly through virtual situations and provide suitable oral care methods. The whole training session took approximately two hours for each student; First, students were first given a short introduction to the VR system's use (10 minutes). Second, they were able to carry out oral care for the elderly while wearing VR goggles and using hand-controllers with the teaching and audio guides during the process (90 minutes), and an evaluation was taken after the intervention (20 minutes). |
| Control Group (CG) | No intervention | –The students in CG do not receive any of the interventions. However, the same VR-based curriculum of oral health care on dependency elderly were provided at the end of the study. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 20 to 21 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- third grade of Department of Oral Hygiene students in Kaohsiung Medical University during the 2021 academic semester
- Participants have to take both the courses of 'Basic Medical Nursing Care' and 'Oral Health Care for Community People and Long-term Care Residents' before intervention.
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- none
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| VR-based trainingStudents simulate the different physical and oral conditions of the elderly through virtual situations and provide suitable oral care methods. The whole training session took approximately two hours for each student; First, students were first given a short introduction to the VR system's use (10 minutes). Second, they were able to carry out oral care for the elderly while wearing VR goggles and using hand-controllers with the teaching and audio guides during the process (90 minutes), and an evaluation was taken after the intervention (20 minutes). | Behavioural | Experimental Group (EG) |
Primary outcome
Elderly oral care-related knowledge
Time frame: Change from Baseline knowledge at 2-, 4-, 6-week follow-ups after the interventions
Twenty items measured elderly oral care-related knowledge; for example, 'There is no need to consider the size of the interdental brush.' Possible responses included True (1), False (0), and I do not know (0), with possible scores ranged from 0 to 20; a higher score indicated a higher degree of oral-care-related knowledge. The KR-20 coefficient was 0.56 for this scale
Attitude toward elderly oral care
Time frame: Change from Baseline attitude at 2-, 4-, 6-week follow-ups after the interventions
Seven items measured attitude toward elderly oral care, for example, 'Assist disabled elderly to clean their teeth is annoying.' Each item was scored on a five-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Possible scores ranged from 5 to 35; a higher score indicated a more positive attitude toward oral care for the elderly. Cronbach's alpha was 0.70 for this scale.
Self-efficacy of elderly oral care
Time frame: Change from Baseline self-efficacy at 2-, 4-, 6-week follow-ups after the interventions
Eleven items were used to evaluate the self-efficacy of elderly oral care. Students indicated their degrees of agreement with statements related to perceptions of personal ability concerning oral care for the elderly. For example, 'I am confident to remind disable elderly having regular dental visits every six months.' Each item was scored on a five-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Possible scores ranged from 5 to 55; a higher score indicated more substantial confidence toward oral care for the elderly. Cronbach's alpha was 0.87 for this scale.
Intention to elderly oral care behaviors
Time frame: Change from Baseline intentions at 2-, 4-, 6-week follow-ups after the interventions
Twelve items were used to evaluate the intention to elderly oral care behavior for elderly. Students indicated their goals of adding new behaviors or modifying existing behaviors of oral care for the elderly. For example, 'I will take the initiative to assist disabled elderly to clean their dentures.' Each item was scored on a five-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree).
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 14 Sep 2021.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Medical Education
Not yet recruitingObservational study
Federated Learning in Renal Tumor Model
Renal Tumors
Not yet recruiting
Generative AI-Assisted Personalized Feedback for Laparoscopic Skill Learning in Medical Undergraduates
Medical Education
Not yet recruiting
Comparing the Efficacy of a Conversational Agent (QuitBot) Versus Standard Health Education on Smoking Cessation Among Medical Students; A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Conversational Agent, Smoking Cessation
RecruitingObservational study
Artificial Intelligence for Automated Clinical Data Exploration From Electronic Medical Records (CardioMining-AI)
Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning
Not yet recruiting
AI Smart Glasses Feedback for Intubation Training in Medical Students
Intubation, Intratracheal, Medical Education
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Hsiao-Ling Huang principal investigator
Kaohsiung Medical University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing VR-based training in people with Medical Education, run by Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital at 1 site in Taiwan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 14 Sep 2021. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Taiwan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Elderly oral care-related knowledge (time frame: Change from Baseline knowledge at 2-, 4-, 6-week follow-ups after the interventions). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 14 Sep 2021.