Intubation, IntratrachealNCT07897747
AI Smart Glasses Feedback for Intubation Training in Medical Students
A study testing AI smart-glasses intubation practice with automated feedback in people with Intubation, Intratracheal and Medical Education, run by Tri-Service General Hospital (TSGH) at 1 site in Taiwan.
Trial summary
The goal of this educational study is to learn whether AI smart glasses can score and give feedback on endotracheal intubation performed by medical students on a manikin, and when this AI feedback is most useful during anesthesia training. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 30 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Intubation, Intratracheal, Medical Education
- What is being tested?
- AI smart-glasses intubation practice with automated feedback
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 200 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTaiwan
- Study dates
- 1 Jan 2027to 31 Dec 2028
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 30 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Medical interns (medical students in the clinical internship year) rotating through the Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, during the study period
- Aged 18 years to 30 years old
- Voluntarily agree to participate and provide written informed consent
Who cannot join
- Unwilling to participate
- Previously enrolled in this study during an earlier rotation (no repeat enrollment)
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
About this study
Official title: AI Smart Glasses for Automated Scoring and Feedback in Medical Students' Endotracheal Intubation OSCE: A Cluster-Randomized Educational Study
The goal of this educational study is to learn whether AI smart glasses can score and give feedback on endotracheal intubation performed by medical students on a manikin, and when this AI feedback is most useful during anesthesia training. The main questions it aims to answer are:
- Do AI scores of the intubation OSCE (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) agree with scores given by faculty examiners?
- Does practicing with AI smart-glasses feedback before or after the airway lecture lead to better intubation OSCE performance, self-efficacy, and cognitive load?
Medical interns rotating through the Department of Anesthesiology at Tri-Service General Hospital (Taiwan) for 2 weeks will be randomized by rotation group to practice intubation once with the AI smart glasses either before the airway lecture (week 1) or after it (week 2). At the end of the rotation, all participants will take an intubation OSCE while wearing the AI glasses, scored independently by a faculty examiner and by the AI. Participants will also complete short questionnaires on self-efficacy (before and after the rotation) and cognitive load (after AI practice). All procedures are performed on a manikin; no patients are involved.
Read the detailed description
Background: Endotracheal intubation is one of the core clinical skills required of medical graduates in Taiwan, but intern pass rates in simulated intubation examinations at our hospital are only about 50-60%. Procedural skill learning depends on timely, specific feedback, yet faculty time is limited. AI smart glasses (HTC) record first-person video of the procedure and use artificial intelligence to score it against a standardized checklist and return immediate item-by-item feedback. The agreement between AI and faculty scoring has not been validated, and the optimal timing of AI feedback relative to formal teaching is unknown.
Design: Prospective, single-center, cluster-randomized (by rotation group, 3-4 interns per group), two-arm parallel educational trial. Rotation groups are allocated 1:1 by computer-generated block randomization.
Procedures (2-week anesthesiology rotation):
- Week 1, Day 1: informed consent and pre-test questionnaire.
- Arm 1 (AI before lecture): one AI smart-glasses intubation practice on a manikin during Week 1, Days 2-4, with immediate AI scoring and feedback, followed by a cognitive load questionnaire.
- Week 1, Day 5: airway lecture (about 1 hour) for all interns.
- Arm 2 (AI after lecture): one AI smart-glasses practice during Week 2, Days 1-4, with immediate AI scoring and feedback, followed by a cognitive load questionnaire.
- Last day of Week 2: end-of-rotation intubation OSCE (8 minutes) wearing the AI glasses; a faculty examiner scores the performance in person and the AI scores it independently; post-test questionnaire.
The investigator assisting with the glasses does not teach intubation during practice. OSCE faculty examiners are blinded to group allocation and do not see the AI score before completing their own scoring. Examiners are calibrated before enrollment using at least 10 practice videos.
OSCE checklist: 10 items scored 0/1/2 (total 0-20) plus a global rating scored 1 to 5, pass/fail judgment, and intubation time.
Questionnaires: a 4-item intubation-specific self-efficacy scale adapted from a published smart-glasses intubation training study and a 39-item medical learning self-efficacy questionnaire adapted from a validated multi-dimensional instrument for medical students, both rated on 5-point scales; and a validated 10-item cognitive load questionnaire measuring intrinsic, extraneous, and germane load, rated on a 5-point scale.
Statistical analysis: Agreement between AI and faculty total scores will be assessed with ICC(2,1) (two-way random effects, absolute agreement) with 95% CI and Bland-Altman analysis; item-level agreement with quadratic weighted kappa; pass/fail agreement with Cohen's kappa, sensitivity, and specificity. Between-arm comparisons of OSCE performance, self-efficacy change, and cognitive load will use linear or generalized linear mixed-effects models with rotation group as a random effect, following the intention-to-treat principle.
Sample size: 200 interns (about 100 per arm). With an expected ICC of 0.80, this gives a 95% CI width of no more than 0.10 for the primary agreement analysis; allowing 10% attrition and a design effect of about 1.13, it can detect an effect size of about 0.45 between arms in OSCE total score.
- Conditions
- Intubation, Intratracheal, Medical Education
- Being tested
- AI smart-glasses intubation practice with automated feedback
- Keywords
- Artificial Intelligence, Smart Glasses, Objective Structured Clinical Examination, Formative Feedback, Simulation Training, Self Efficacy, Cognitive Load
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
AI smart-glasses intubation practice with automated feedbackBehavioural
One individual practice session (about 15 minutes) of endotracheal intubation on an airway manikin while wearing AI smart glasses (HTC). The glasses record first-person video of the procedure; after upload, the AI scores the performance against the 10-item intubation OSCE checklist (each item 0/1/2, total 0-20, plus a 1-5 global rating) and immediately displays item-by-item scores and written feedback for the student to review. The investigator only assists with operating the glasses and does not teach intubation during the session. The two arms differ only in the timing of this session relative to the airway lecture.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| AI Feedback Before Airway Lecture | Experimental | Rotation groups randomized to this arm perform one AI smart-glasses intubation practice session on a manikin with immediate AI scoring and feedback during Week 1, Days 2-4 of the 2-week anesthesiology rotation, before the airway lecture (Week 1, Day 5), followed by a cognitive load questionnaire. All participants complete the end-of-rotation intubation OSCE wearing the AI glasses (scored by faculty and AI) and the self-efficacy questionnaires at the start and end of the rotation. Receives: Behavioral: AI smart-glasses intubation practice with automated feedback |
| AI Feedback After Airway Lecture | Active comparator | Rotation groups randomized to this arm attend the airway lecture (Week 1, Day 5) first and then perform one AI smart-glasses intubation practice session on a manikin with immediate AI scoring and feedback during Week 2, Days 1-4 of the 2-week anesthesiology rotation, followed by a cognitive load questionnaire. All participants complete the end-of-rotation intubation OSCE wearing the AI glasses (scored by faculty and AI) and the self-efficacy questionnaires at the start and end of the rotation. Receives: Behavioral: AI smart-glasses intubation practice with automated feedback |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Agreement Between AI and Faculty Examiner Total Scores on the Intubation OSCE
Intraclass correlation coefficient ICC(2,1) (two-way random effects, absolute agreement, single rater) with 95% confidence interval between the AI-generated total score and the faculty examiner's total score on the 10-item endotracheal intubation OSCE checklist (each item scored 0, 1, or 2; total score range 0-20, higher scores indicate better performance). Bland-Altman mean difference and 95% limits of agreement will also be reported. The faculty examiner is blinded to group allocation and to the AI score.
Measured: End of the 2-week anesthesiology rotation (Week 2, last day)
Secondary outcomes (8)
Faculty-Rated Intubation OSCE Total Score
Total score on the 10-item endotracheal intubation OSCE checklist rated by a faculty examiner blinded to group allocation (each item 0, 1, or 2; range 0-20; higher scores indicate better performance), compared between arms.
Measured: End of the 2-week anesthesiology rotation (Week 2, last day)
Faculty-Rated Global Performance Rating on the Intubation OSCE
Faculty examiner's global rating of intubation performance on a 5-point scale (1 = poor, 2 = needs improvement, 3 = fair, 4 = good, 5 = excellent; higher scores indicate better performance), compared between arms.
Measured: End of the 2-week anesthesiology rotation (Week 2, last day)
Intubation OSCE Pass Rate
Percentage of participants judged by the faculty examiner to pass the intubation OSCE according to the national graduation competency standard (correct laryngoscope use, correct and appropriate tube placement, and completion of one tube placement within 30 seconds), compared between arms.
Measured: End of the 2-week anesthesiology rotation (Week 2, last day)
Intubation Time
Time in seconds from insertion of the laryngoscope blade into the mouth to completion of endotracheal tube placement and removal of the laryngoscope, timed by the faculty examiner during the OSCE, compared between arms.
Measured: End of the 2-week anesthesiology rotation (Week 2, last day)
Item-Level and Pass/Fail Agreement Between AI and Faculty Examiner
Agreement between AI and faculty examiner for each of the 10 OSCE checklist items (0/1/2) assessed with quadratic weighted kappa, and for the global rating (scored 1 to 5) assessed with ICC(2,1); agreement on pass/fail assessed with Cohen's kappa, with sensitivity and specificity of the AI pass/fail judgment using the faculty judgment as the reference standard.
Measured: End of the 2-week anesthesiology rotation (Week 2, last day)
Change in Intubation-Specific Self-Efficacy Score
Mean score of a 4-item intubation self-efficacy scale adapted from a published smart-glasses intubation training study, each item rated on a 5-point scale (1 = not at all confident, 5 = very confident; range 1-5; higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy). Change from baseline to end of rotation is compared between arms.
Measured: Baseline (Week 1, Day 1) and end of the 2-week rotation (Week 2, last day, after the OSCE)
Change in Medical Learning Self-Efficacy Score
Mean score of a 39-item medical learning self-efficacy questionnaire adapted from a validated multi-dimensional medical students' learning self-efficacy questionnaire (subscales: conceptual understanding, practical work, everyday application, higher-order cognitive skills, medical communication, professionalism, and academic self-efficacy), each item rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree; range 1-5; higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy). Change from baseline to end of rotation is compared between arms.
Measured: Baseline (Week 1, Day 1) and end of the 2-week rotation (Week 2, last day, after the OSCE)
Cognitive Load During AI Smart-Glasses Practice
Intrinsic (items 1-3), extraneous (items 4-6), and germane (items 7-10) cognitive load subscale mean scores on a validated 10-item cognitive load questionnaire, each item rated on a 5-point scale (1 = not at all applicable, 5 = completely applicable; range 1-5). Higher intrinsic and extraneous scores indicate greater load; higher germane scores indicate greater investment in learning. Compared between arms.
Measured: Immediately after the AI smart-glasses practice session (Week 1, Days 2-4 in Arm 1; Week 2, Days 1-4 in Arm 2)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted27 Oct 2026
- Study start1 Jan 2027 (estimated)
- Primary completion31 Dec 2028 (estimated)
- Study completion31 Dec 2028 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (3)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Intubation, IntratrachealStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Cluster-randomized, two-arm parallel educational trial. Rotation groups of medical interns (3-4 interns per group, 2-week anesthesiology rotation) are the unit of randomization and are allocated 1:1 to AI smart-glasses practice either before (Arm 1) or after (Arm 2) the airway lecture. All participants take the same end-of-rotation intubation OSCE, scored independently by a faculty examiner and by the AI, which provides the paired data for the AI-faculty agreement analysis.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 200 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Tri-Service General Hospital (TSGH)
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Wei-Hung Chan, Tri-Service General Hospital (TSGH)
- Investigators
- Wei-Hung Chan, MD, Principal investigator, Tri-Service General Hospital (TSGH)
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07897747
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- TSGH-ANES-AIGLASS-2027
- Status last verified
- Nov 2026
- First submitted
- 20 Oct 2026
- Last updated
- 6 Nov 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: Individual participant data, including first-person procedure videos, will not be shared. The informed consent specifies that study data are accessible only to the principal investigator and authorized co-investigators and that results will be reported only in aggregate. Aggregate results will be published in peer-reviewed journals.
Publications
Leppink J, Paas F, Van der Vleuten CP, Van Gog T, Van Merrienboer JJ. Development of an instrument for measuring different types of cognitive load. Behav Res Methods. 2013 Dec;45(4):1058-72. doi: 10.3758/s13428-013-0334-1.
PubMed 23572251Chao CT, Liang JC. The development and validation of a multi-dimensional medical students' learning self-efficacy questionnaire for clinical education. Med Educ Online. 2025 Dec;30(1):2534053. doi: 10.1080/10872981.2025.2534053. Epub 2025 Jul 20.
PubMed 40684332Lin YF, Wang CY, Huang YH, Lin SM, Yang YY. Medical students' self-assessed efficacy and satisfaction with training on endotracheal intubation and central venous catheterization with smart glasses in Taiwan: a non-equivalent control-group pre- and post-test study. J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2022;19:25. doi: 10.3352/jeehp.2022.19.25. Epub 2022 Sep 2.
PubMed 36052556
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 6 Nov 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- AI Smart Glasses for Automated Scoring and Feedback in Medical Students' Endotracheal Intubation OSCE: A Cluster-Randomized Educational Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07897747
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- TSGH-ANES-AIGLASS-2027
- Conditions
- Intubation, Intratracheal, Medical Education
- Keywords
- Artificial Intelligence, Smart Glasses, Objective Structured Clinical Examination, Formative Feedback, Simulation Training, Self Efficacy, Cognitive Load
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 200 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Tri-Service General Hospital (TSGH)University, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jan 2027 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 31 Dec 2028 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 31 Dec 2028 (estimated)
- First posted
- 27 Oct 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The goal of this educational study is to learn whether AI smart glasses can score and give feedback on endotracheal intubation performed by medical students on a manikin, and when this AI feedback is most useful during anesthesia training. The main questions it aims to answer are:
- Do AI scores of the intubation OSCE (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) agree with scores given by faculty examiners?
- Does practicing with AI smart-glasses feedback before or after the airway lecture lead to better intubation OSCE performance, self-efficacy, and cognitive load?
Medical interns rotating through the Department of Anesthesiology at Tri-Service General Hospital (Taiwan) for 2 weeks will be randomized by rotation group to practice intubation once with the AI smart glasses either before the airway lecture (week 1) or after it (week 2). At the end of the rotation, all participants will take an intubation OSCE while wearing the AI glasses, scored independently by a faculty examiner and by the AI. Participants will also complete short questionnaires on self-efficacy (before and after the rotation) and cognitive load (after AI practice). All procedures are performed on a manikin; no patients are involved.
Detailed description
Background: Endotracheal intubation is one of the core clinical skills required of medical graduates in Taiwan, but intern pass rates in simulated intubation examinations at our hospital are only about 50-60%. Procedural skill learning depends on timely, specific feedback, yet faculty time is limited. AI smart glasses (HTC) record first-person video of the procedure and use artificial intelligence to score it against a standardized checklist and return immediate item-by-item feedback. The agreement between AI and faculty scoring has not been validated, and the optimal timing of AI feedback relative to formal teaching is unknown.
Design: Prospective, single-center, cluster-randomized (by rotation group, 3-4 interns per group), two-arm parallel educational trial. Rotation groups are allocated 1:1 by computer-generated block randomization.
Procedures (2-week anesthesiology rotation):
- Week 1, Day 1: informed consent and pre-test questionnaire.
- Arm 1 (AI before lecture): one AI smart-glasses intubation practice on a manikin during Week 1, Days 2-4, with immediate AI scoring and feedback, followed by a cognitive load questionnaire.
- Week 1, Day 5: airway lecture (about 1 hour) for all interns.
- Arm 2 (AI after lecture): one AI smart-glasses practice during Week 2, Days 1-4, with immediate AI scoring and feedback, followed by a cognitive load questionnaire.
- Last day of Week 2: end-of-rotation intubation OSCE (8 minutes) wearing the AI glasses; a faculty examiner scores the performance in person and the AI scores it independently; post-test questionnaire.
The investigator assisting with the glasses does not teach intubation during practice. OSCE faculty examiners are blinded to group allocation and do not see the AI score before completing their own scoring. Examiners are calibrated before enrollment using at least 10 practice videos.
OSCE checklist: 10 items scored 0/1/2 (total 0-20) plus a global rating scored 1 to 5, pass/fail judgment, and intubation time.
Questionnaires: a 4-item intubation-specific self-efficacy scale adapted from a published smart-glasses intubation training study and a 39-item medical learning self-efficacy questionnaire adapted from a validated multi-dimensional instrument for medical students, both rated on 5-point scales; and a validated 10-item cognitive load questionnaire measuring intrinsic, extraneous, and germane load, rated on a 5-point scale.
Statistical analysis: Agreement between AI and faculty total scores will be assessed with ICC(2,1) (two-way random effects, absolute agreement) with 95% CI and Bland-Altman analysis; item-level agreement with quadratic weighted kappa; pass/fail agreement with Cohen's kappa, sensitivity, and specificity. Between-arm comparisons of OSCE performance, self-efficacy change, and cognitive load will use linear or generalized linear mixed-effects models with rotation group as a random effect, following the intention-to-treat principle.
Sample size: 200 interns (about 100 per arm). With an expected ICC of 0.80, this gives a 95% CI width of no more than 0.10 for the primary agreement analysis; allowing 10% attrition and a design effect of about 1.13, it can detect an effect size of about 0.45 between arms in OSCE total score.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Cluster-randomized, two-arm parallel educational trial. Rotation groups of medical interns (3-4 interns per group, 2-week anesthesiology rotation) are the unit of randomization and are allocated 1:1 to AI smart-glasses practice either before (Arm 1) or after (Arm 2) the airway lecture. All participants take the same end-of-rotation intubation OSCE, scored independently by a faculty examiner and by the AI, which provides the paired data for the AI-faculty agreement analysis.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| AI Feedback Before Airway Lecture | Experimental | Behavioral: AI smart-glasses intubation practice with automated feedbackRotation groups randomized to this arm perform one AI smart-glasses intubation practice session on a manikin with immediate AI scoring and feedback during Week 1, Days 2-4 of the 2-week anesthesiology rotation, before the airway lecture (Week 1, Day 5), followed by a cognitive load questionnaire. All participants complete the end-of-rotation intubation OSCE wearing the AI glasses (scored by faculty and AI) and the self-efficacy questionnaires at the start and end of the rotation. |
| AI Feedback After Airway Lecture | Active comparator | Behavioral: AI smart-glasses intubation practice with automated feedbackRotation groups randomized to this arm attend the airway lecture (Week 1, Day 5) first and then perform one AI smart-glasses intubation practice session on a manikin with immediate AI scoring and feedback during Week 2, Days 1-4 of the 2-week anesthesiology rotation, followed by a cognitive load questionnaire. All participants complete the end-of-rotation intubation OSCE wearing the AI glasses (scored by faculty and AI) and the self-efficacy questionnaires at the start and end of the rotation. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 30 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Medical interns (medical students in the clinical internship year) rotating through the Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, during the study period
- Aged 18 years to 30 years old
- Voluntarily agree to participate and provide written informed consent
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Unwilling to participate
- Previously enrolled in this study during an earlier rotation (no repeat enrollment)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| AI smart-glasses intubation practice with automated feedbackOne individual practice session (about 15 minutes) of endotracheal intubation on an airway manikin while wearing AI smart glasses (HTC). The glasses record first-person video of the procedure; after upload, the AI scores the performance against the 10-item intubation OSCE checklist (each item 0/1/2, total 0-20, plus a 1-5 global rating) and immediately displays item-by-item scores and written feedback for the student to review. The investigator only assists with operating the glasses and does not teach intubation during the session. The two arms differ only in the timing of this session relative to the airway lecture. | Behavioural | AI Feedback After Airway Lecture, AI Feedback Before Airway Lecture |
Primary outcome
Agreement Between AI and Faculty Examiner Total Scores on the Intubation OSCE
Time frame: End of the 2-week anesthesiology rotation (Week 2, last day)
Intraclass correlation coefficient ICC(2,1) (two-way random effects, absolute agreement, single rater) with 95% confidence interval between the AI-generated total score and the faculty examiner's total score on the 10-item endotracheal intubation OSCE checklist (each item scored 0, 1, or 2; total score range 0-20, higher scores indicate better performance). Bland-Altman mean difference and 95% limits of agreement will also be reported. The faculty examiner is blinded to group allocation and to the AI score.
8 secondary outcomes
Faculty-Rated Intubation OSCE Total Score
Time frame: End of the 2-week anesthesiology rotation (Week 2, last day)
Faculty-Rated Global Performance Rating on the Intubation OSCE
Time frame: End of the 2-week anesthesiology rotation (Week 2, last day)
Intubation OSCE Pass Rate
Time frame: End of the 2-week anesthesiology rotation (Week 2, last day)
Intubation Time
Time frame: End of the 2-week anesthesiology rotation (Week 2, last day)
Item-Level and Pass/Fail Agreement Between AI and Faculty Examiner
Time frame: End of the 2-week anesthesiology rotation (Week 2, last day)
Change in Intubation-Specific Self-Efficacy Score
Time frame: Baseline (Week 1, Day 1) and end of the 2-week rotation (Week 2, last day, after the OSCE)
Change in Medical Learning Self-Efficacy Score
Time frame: Baseline (Week 1, Day 1) and end of the 2-week rotation (Week 2, last day, after the OSCE)
Cognitive Load During AI Smart-Glasses Practice
Time frame: Immediately after the AI smart-glasses practice session (Week 1, Days 2-4 in Arm 1; Week 2, Days 1-4 in Arm 2)
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 6 Nov 2026.
- Background: PubMed 23572251Leppink J, Paas F, Van der Vleuten CP, Van Gog T, Van Merrienboer JJ. Development of an instrument for measuring different types of cognitive load. Behav Res Methods. 2013 Dec;45(4):1058-72. doi: 10.3758/s13428-013-0334-1.
- Background: PubMed 40684332Chao CT, Liang JC. The development and validation of a multi-dimensional medical students' learning self-efficacy questionnaire for clinical education. Med Educ Online. 2025 Dec;30(1):2534053. doi: 10.1080/10872981.2025.2534053. Epub 2025 Jul 20.
- Background: PubMed 36052556Lin YF, Wang CY, Huang YH, Lin SM, Yang YY. Medical students' self-assessed efficacy and satisfaction with training on endotracheal intubation and central venous catheterization with smart glasses in Taiwan: a non-equivalent control-group pre- and post-test study. J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2022;19:25. doi: 10.3352/jeehp.2022.19.25. Epub 2022 Sep 2.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. Individual participant data, including first-person procedure videos, will not be shared. The informed consent specifies that study data are accessible only to the principal investigator and authorized co-investigators and that results will be reported only in aggregate. Aggregate results will be published in peer-reviewed journals.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Wei-Hung Chan, MD principal investigator
Tri-Service General Hospital (TSGH)
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing AI smart-glasses intubation practice with automated feedback in people with Intubation, Intratracheal and Medical Education, run by Tri-Service General Hospital (TSGH) at 1 site in Taiwan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 Nov 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Taiwan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Wei-Hung Chan, MD (+886-2-87923311 ext. 12546, whcken@gmail.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Agreement Between AI and Faculty Examiner Total Scores on the Intubation OSCE (time frame: End of the 2-week anesthesiology rotation (Week 2, last day)). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07897747, which also lists 3 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 Nov 2026.