HealthyNCT05065008
The Roles of Gut Microbiome in UTI Susceptible Women
A study testing Cranberry juice and Apple juice in people with Healthy, run by University of Florida at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
Clinical trials on cranberry juice and UTI prevention yielded both positive and negative results for unknown reason. Gut microbiome in women affect the absorption and metabolism of cranberry bioactives. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 21 to 65 years, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Healthy
- What is being tested?
- Cranberry juice and Apple juice
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 152 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 18 Oct 2021to 30 Sep 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 21 to 65 years
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Healthy women participants;
- BMI 18.5-29.9 kg/m2;
- At least 110 pounds in weight
Who cannot join
- BMI≥ 30 kg/m2;
- Pregnancy and breast-feeding;
- Smoking, frequent alcohol use;
- History of any clinically important disorder that may interfere with interpretation of the results;
- Intake of medication that might influence the outcome of the study
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Investigate the Roles of Gut Microbiome in the Differential Responses of UTI Susceptible Women to Cranberry Juice Intake
Clinical trials on cranberry juice and UTI prevention yielded both positive and negative results for unknown reason. Gut microbiome in women affect the absorption and metabolism of cranberry bioactives. The variation of gut microbiome is a probable mechanism for metabolic polymorphisms and disparity in UTI prevention in women.
Read the detailed description
The American cranberries, especially cranberry juice, have used for centuries as a folk medicine to prevent urinary tract infections (UTI), which affect 50% of women in their lifetime. Over 40 clinical trials have been conducted in the last 20 years to verify the UTI preventatively activity of cranberry juices, but the results were contradictory. About 90% of UTI are initiated by the adhesion of uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) on urinary tract epithelia. It was reported that human urine after consumption of cranberry juice inhibited the adhesion of UPEC. The A-type proanthocyanidins and xyloglucans are the presumed bioactives in cranberries, however, this is unlikely because these two classes of compounds have extremely low bioavailability in human body. Preliminary research suggested that women can be either "resistant" or "susceptible" to UTI depending on the inherent anti-adhesion activity in their urine against UPEC before consuming cranberry juice. Not all but a fraction of "UTI susceptible" women had increased urinary anti-adhesion activity after consuming cranberry juices. These women are classified as "responders" and others are "non-responders". The variation of gut microbiome is a probable mechanism for metabolic polymorphisms and disparity in UTI prevention. The objective of this trials is to identify gut microbes and anti-adhesive urinary biomarkers which significantly contribute to the anti-adhesion of UPEC.
- Conditions
- Healthy
- Being tested
- Cranberry juice, Apple juice
- Keywords
- Cranberry, UTI
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Cranberry juiceOther
The responders and non-responders will drink 20-30 oz of (590-885 mL) 27% cranberry juice daily for 3 weeks.
Apple juiceOther
The participants will drink apple juice with matching sugar content and calories for 3 weeks
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Cranberry juice consumption | Experimental | Participants deemed as responders and non-responders will be given 20-30 oz (590-885 mL) of cranberry juice daily for 3 weeks. Receives: Other: Cranberry juice |
| Apple juice consumption | Experimental | Participants deemed as responders and non-responders will be given 20-30 oz (590-885 mL) apple juice with matching sugar and calories daily for 3 weeks. Receives: Other: Apple juice |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in the unrinary anti-adhesion activity of UTI susceptible women
Compare the statistical differences between the changes from baseline in the an-adhesion activity against uropathogenic E. coli in UTI-susceptible women after consuming the cranberry juice for 3 weeks versus after consuming the placebo juice for 3 weeks. Anti-adhesion activity in urine will be measured using a fluorescence-based microplate method. The anti-adhesion activities of urines will be expressed by its equivalence to myricetin level. The unit for urine anti-adhesion activities is µg myricetin/mg creatinine.
Measured: Baseline up to 21 days of each intervention
Secondary outcomes (2)
Determine the compositional differences of gut microbiome in responders and non-responders after the cranberry juice intake
Compare the differences in the gut microbiomes between responders and non-responders after consuming the cranberry juice for 3 weeks versus after consuming the placebo juice for 3 weeks. Human feces collected from responders and non-responders will be analyzed for microbiota composition. Relative abundance of gut microbiome at phylum level, family level, genus level, and Firmicutes over Bacteroidetes ratio will be evaluated. Genomic microbial DNA will be extracted from fecal samples using DNA isolation kits. The 16S ribosomal RNA gene (V1-3 region) of each sample will be amplified and sequenced using a barcoding system on a MiSeq sequencer. Sequence data will be analyzed using the latest version of QIIME.
Measured: Baseline up to 21 days of each intervention
Identify anti-adhesion urinary biomarkers in responders versus non-responders after the cranberry juice intake
Determine the impacts of cranberry juice intake on the urinary metabolome and identify anti-adhesion urinary biomarkers in responders and non-responders after consuming the cranberry juice for 3 weeks versus after consuming the placebo juice for 3 weeks. Metabolites in urine will be detected using UHPLC-HRMS and annotated using combination of m/z and retention time. Metabolites that significantly contribute to the anti-adhesion activity of urine revealed by PLS regression analysis are the potential anti-adhesion biomarkers. A list of potential biomarkers will be generated. Structures of these biomarkers will be tentatively determined through spectral analysis and database searching. Structure of tentatively identified biomarkers will be confirmed by comparing with authentic standards.
Measured: Baseline upt to 21 days of each intervention
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted1 Oct 2021
- Study start18 Oct 2021
- Primary completion30 Sep 2026
- Study completion30 Sep 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for HealthyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of FloridaThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 152 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Florida
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Liwei Gu, PhD, Principal investigator, University of FloridaGary P Wang, PhD, Study director, University of Florida
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05065008
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2021-09003
- Other IDs
- IRB202102165, PRO00039868
- Status last verified
- Sep 2026
- First submitted
- 29 Sep 2021
- Last updated
- 30 Sep 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 30 Sep 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Investigate the Roles of Gut Microbiome in the Differential Responses of UTI Susceptible Women to Cranberry Juice Intake
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05065008
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2021-09003
- Conditions
- Healthy
- Keywords
- Cranberry, UTI
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 152 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of FloridaUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
- Study start
- 18 Oct 2021 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Sep 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Sep 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 1 Oct 2021 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Clinical trials on cranberry juice and UTI prevention yielded both positive and negative results for unknown reason. Gut microbiome in women affect the absorption and metabolism of cranberry bioactives. The variation of gut microbiome is a probable mechanism for metabolic polymorphisms and disparity in UTI prevention in women.
Detailed description
The American cranberries, especially cranberry juice, have used for centuries as a folk medicine to prevent urinary tract infections (UTI), which affect 50% of women in their lifetime. Over 40 clinical trials have been conducted in the last 20 years to verify the UTI preventatively activity of cranberry juices, but the results were contradictory. About 90% of UTI are initiated by the adhesion of uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) on urinary tract epithelia. It was reported that human urine after consumption of cranberry juice inhibited the adhesion of UPEC. The A-type proanthocyanidins and xyloglucans are the presumed bioactives in cranberries, however, this is unlikely because these two classes of compounds have extremely low bioavailability in human body. Preliminary research suggested that women can be either "resistant" or "susceptible" to UTI depending on the inherent anti-adhesion activity in their urine against UPEC before consuming cranberry juice. Not all but a fraction of "UTI susceptible" women had increased urinary anti-adhesion activity after consuming cranberry juices. These women are classified as "responders" and others are "non-responders". The variation of gut microbiome is a probable mechanism for metabolic polymorphisms and disparity in UTI prevention. The objective of this trials is to identify gut microbes and anti-adhesive urinary biomarkers which significantly contribute to the anti-adhesion of UPEC.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Cranberry juice consumption | Experimental | Other: Cranberry juiceParticipants deemed as responders and non-responders will be given 20-30 oz (590-885 mL) of cranberry juice daily for 3 weeks. |
| Apple juice consumption | Experimental | Other: Apple juiceParticipants deemed as responders and non-responders will be given 20-30 oz (590-885 mL) apple juice with matching sugar and calories daily for 3 weeks. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 21 to 65 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Healthy women participants;
- BMI 18.5-29.9 kg/m2;
- At least 110 pounds in weight
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- BMI≥ 30 kg/m2;
- Pregnancy and breast-feeding;
- Smoking, frequent alcohol use;
- History of any clinically important disorder that may interfere with interpretation of the results;
- Intake of medication that might influence the outcome of the study
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Cranberry juiceThe responders and non-responders will drink 20-30 oz of (590-885 mL) 27% cranberry juice daily for 3 weeks. | Other | Cranberry juice consumption |
| Apple juiceThe participants will drink apple juice with matching sugar content and calories for 3 weeks | Other | Apple juice consumption |
Primary outcome
Change in the unrinary anti-adhesion activity of UTI susceptible women
Time frame: Baseline up to 21 days of each intervention
Compare the statistical differences between the changes from baseline in the an-adhesion activity against uropathogenic E. coli in UTI-susceptible women after consuming the cranberry juice for 3 weeks versus after consuming the placebo juice for 3 weeks. Anti-adhesion activity in urine will be measured using a fluorescence-based microplate method. The anti-adhesion activities of urines will be expressed by its equivalence to myricetin level. The unit for urine anti-adhesion activities is µg myricetin/mg creatinine.
2 secondary outcomes
Determine the compositional differences of gut microbiome in responders and non-responders after the cranberry juice intake
Time frame: Baseline up to 21 days of each intervention
Identify anti-adhesion urinary biomarkers in responders versus non-responders after the cranberry juice intake
Time frame: Baseline upt to 21 days of each intervention
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 30 Sep 2026.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Liwei Gu, PhD principal investigator
University of Florida
Gary P Wang, PhD study director
University of Florida
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Cranberry juice and Apple juice in people with Healthy, run by University of Florida at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 30 Sep 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in the unrinary anti-adhesion activity of UTI susceptible women (time frame: Baseline up to 21 days of each intervention). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 30 Sep 2026; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 8 Nov 2026.