Capsule EndoscopyNCT05073536
Mini-sized MCE for Better Examination of UGI and Small Bowel
A study testing mini-sized MCE and normal-sized MCE in people with Capsule Endoscopy, run by Changhai Hospital at 1 site in China.
Trial summary
A mini-sized MCE highlighted with a diameter of 9.5mm, a length of 24.5mm, and a weight of 3.0g has been developed. This new type of MCE is approximately 0.6 times the conventional MCE (27mm*11.8mm) in volume and weight, and it is the smallest CE among all the reported capsules. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Capsule Endoscopy
- What is being tested?
- mini-sized MCE and normal-sized MCE
- Type of treatment
- Medical device
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 96 participants
- Where
- 1 siteChina
- Study dates
- 12 Jan 2021to 15 Sep 2021
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Adult patients aged ≥18.
- Scheduled to undergo a capsule endoscopy for both stomach and small bowel.
- Signed the informed consents before joining this study.
Who cannot join
- Dysphagia or symptoms of gastric outlet obstruction
- Known or suspected GI obstruction, stenosis, or fistula
- History of upper gastrointestinal surgery or abdominal surgery altering gastrointestinal anatomy
- Implanted pacemaker, except the pacemaker is compatible with MRI
- Other implanted electromedical devices or magnetic metal foreign bodies
- Pregnancy or suspected pregnancy
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Feasibility of Mini-sized Magnetically Controlled Capsule Endoscopy in Visualization of UGI and Small Bowel: a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
A mini-sized MCE highlighted with a diameter of 9.5mm, a length of 24.5mm, and a weight of 3.0g has been developed. This new type of MCE is approximately 0.6 times the conventional MCE (27mm*11.8mm) in volume and weight, and it is the smallest CE among all the reported capsules. Thus, this pilot study was conducted to clarify whether the mini-sized MCE can further optimize the process of swallowing the capsule and to verify whether the smaller size of the capsule will have influence on the examination procedure of the upper gastrointestinal tract and small intestine.
Read the detailed description
Magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy (MCE), with equally favorable diagnostic accuracy as conventional endoscopy, has become a painless noninvasive diagnostic modality in clinical practice. The more than 8 hours battery life of the MCE enables a further examination of the small bowel. In addition, it has been demonstrated that magnetic steering of capsule endoscopy improves the completion rate of small bowel examination by facilitating passage of the capsule through the pylorus, which further supported MCE as a practical modality for examination of both the stomach and small bowel. Previous studies have confirmed the great safety and efficacy of MCE for examination of patients with high-risk factors for standard gastroscopy, those long-time taking aspirin, aging patients and children.
However, this technique still has some limitations in clinical practice. Due to the large size of the capsule, some patients may be difficult to swallow the capsule, especially in children. A clinical trial reported that a certain number of children with ages ranging from 6 to 14 years fail to swallow the MCE by themselves for its big size (27mm*11.8mm). During the examination procedure of small bowel capsule endoscopy, measuring 26*11mm, in those under 10 years old of age, up to 87% of patients are unable to swallow the capsule. In adolescents, it is reported that more than one-third of patients have difficulties with swallowing standard size tablets. In addition, serious complications, such as aspiration of the capsule, often occur in the elderly who need more efforts to swallow the capsule. For those at any age unable or unwilling to swallow a capsule, endoscopic placement is required to deliver the capsule to the stomach or directly the duodenum. However, this procedure greatly increases patient's discomfort, examination costs and increase the risk associated with the endoscopic procedure, anesthesia. Thus, it is of great importance to make the capsule endoscopy easier to swallow in both children and adolescents.
Therefore, a mini-sized MCE highlighted with a diameter of 9.5mm, a length of 24.5mm, and a weight of 3.0g has been developed. This new type of MCE is approximately 0.6 times the conventional MCE (27mm*11.8mm) in volume and weight, and it is the smallest CE among all the reported capsules. Thus, this pilot study was conducted to clarify whether the mini-sized MCE can further optimize the process of swallowing the capsule and to verify whether the smaller size of the capsule will have influence on the examination procedure of the upper gastrointestinal tract and small intestine.
- Conditions
- Capsule Endoscopy
- Being tested
- mini-sized MCE, normal-sized MCE
- Keywords
- magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
mini-sized MCEDevice
Enrolled participants were randomly allocated into the normal-sized MCE group or mini-sized MCE group in a 1:1 ratio.
normal-sized MCEDevice
Enrolled participants were randomly allocated into the normal-sized MCE group or mini-sized MCE group in a 1:1 ratio.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| mini-sized MCE | Experimental | Participants in this group underwent examination of mini-sized MCE. Receives: Device: mini-sized MCE |
| normal-sized MCE | Other | Participants in this group underwent examination of normal-sized MCE. Receives: Device: normal-sized MCE |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
the difficulty score for swallowing the capsule
The primary outcome was the difficulty score for swallowing the capsule, which was assessed on a visual analog scale ranging from 0 (very easy with no nausea) to 10 (very difficult or with severe nausea)
Measured: 6 months
the time required to swallow the capsule
The capsule swallowing time was defined as the time between the first mouth image and the first esophageal image.
Measured: 6 months
the success rate for swallowing the capsule at the first attempt
If the patient swallowed the capsule directly with a sip of water at the first attempt, it was defined as a success for swallowing the capsule at the first attempt; if the capsule entered the esophagus after several swallowing attempts or with endoscopic placement, it was defined as a failure.
Measured: 6 months
Secondary outcomes (7)
the number of images captured for Z-line and quadrants of the Z-line
Visualization of the esophagus indicated by the number of images captured for Z-line and how many quadrants of the Z-line were observed.
Measured: 6 months
Visualization score of the gastric mucosa
To objectively evaluate the complete visualization of the gastric mucosa in the 6 anatomic landmarks (cardia, fundus, body, angulus, antrum, and pylorus), a 3-point grading scale was used: 1, poor (<70% of the mucosa was observed), 2, fair (70%-90% of the mucosa was observed), and 3, good (>90% of the mucosa was observed).
Measured: 6 months
Visualization of the small bowel
Visualization of the small bowel was determined by the small bowel complete examination rate.
Measured: 6 months
Difficulty score of swallowing the capsule
To evaluate the difficulty score of swallowing the capsule. After the examination, the patient was asked to complete a questionnaire. A visual analogue scale ranging from 0 (easy with no nausea) to 10 (very difficult or with sever nausea) was used to evaluate the degree of difficulty of swallowing the capsule.
Measured: 1 month
Gastrointestinal transit time
Examination-related parameters included esophageal transit time (ETT), gastric examination time (GET), gastric transit time (GTT), pylorus transit time (PTT), small bowel transit time (SBTT). ETT is defined as the time between the first esophageal image and the first gastric image. GTT is defined as the time between the first gastric image and the first duodenal image. GET is defined as the time for examination of gastric primary anatomic landmarks twice. PTT is defined as the time between the first pyloric image and the first duodenal image. SBTT is defined as the time between the first duodenal image and the first cecal image.
Measured: 1 month
Detection rate of lesions
The detection rate of lesions in different digestive part (esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small intestine) found by mini-sized MCE and normal-sized MCE.
Measured: 1 month
Safety of mini-sized MCE procedure:presence of any adverse events during mini-sized MCE procedure will be recorded
presence of any adverse events during mini-sized MCE procedure will be recorded
Measured: 1 month
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted11 Oct 2021
- Study start12 Jan 2021
- Primary completion30 May 2021
- Study completion15 Sep 2021
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (9)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Capsule EndoscopyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Changhai HospitalThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Diagnosis
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Quadruple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 96 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Changhai Hospital
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Zhuan Liao, Changhai Hospital
- Investigators
- Zhuan Liao, Professor, Principal investigator, Changhai Hospital,Shanghai,China
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05073536
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- mini-MCE
- Status last verified
- Nov 2022
- First submitted
- 17 Sep 2021
- Last updated
- 10 Nov 2022
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Liao Z, Hou X, Lin-Hu EQ, Sheng JQ, Ge ZZ, Jiang B, Hou XH, Liu JY, Li Z, Huang QY, Zhao XJ, Li N, Gao YJ, Zhang Y, Zhou JQ, Wang XY, Liu J, Xie XP, Yang CM, Liu HL, Sun XT, Zou WB, Li ZS. Accuracy of Magnetically Controlled Capsule Endoscopy, Compared With Conventional Gastroscopy, in Detection of Gastric Diseases. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016 Sep;14(9):1266-1273.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2016.05.013. Epub 2016 May 20.
PubMed 27211503Liao Z, Zou W, Li ZS. Clinical application of magnetically controlled capsule gastroscopy in gastric disease diagnosis: recent advances. Sci China Life Sci. 2018 Nov;61(11):1304-1309. doi: 10.1007/s11427-018-9353-5. Epub 2018 Oct 18.
PubMed 30367341Jiang X, Pan J, Li ZS, Liao Z. Standardized examination procedure of magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy. VideoGIE. 2019 May 30;4(6):239-243. doi: 10.1016/j.vgie.2019.03.003. eCollection 2019 Jun. No abstract available.
PubMed 31194028Jiang X, Qian YY, Liu X, Pan J, Zou WB, Zhou W, Luo YY, Chen YZ, Li ZS, Liao Z. Impact of magnetic steering on gastric transit time of a capsule endoscopy (with video). Gastrointest Endosc. 2018 Oct;88(4):746-754. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2018.06.031. Epub 2018 Jul 11.
PubMed 30005825Hu J, Wang S, Ma W, Pan D, Sun S. Magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy as the first-line examination for high-risk patients for the standard gastroscopy: a preliminary study. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2019 Jul;54(7):934-937. doi: 10.1080/00365521.2019.1638446. Epub 2019 Jul 22.
PubMed 31328998Nuutinen H, Kolho KL, Salminen P, Rintala R, Koskenpato J, Koivusalo A, Sipponen T, Farkkila M. Capsule endoscopy in pediatric patients: technique and results in our first 100 consecutive children. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2011 Sep;46(9):1138-43. doi: 10.3109/00365521.2011.584900. Epub 2011 May 26.
PubMed 21615227Patel A, Jacobsen L, Jhaveri R, Bradford KK. Effectiveness of pediatric pill swallowing interventions: a systematic review. Pediatrics. 2015 May;135(5):883-9. doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-2114.
PubMed 25896843Dan T, Dandan S, Enqiang L. Aspiration of a Magnetically Controlled Capsule Endoscopy. Gastroenterology. 2023 May;164(6):e30-e31. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.04.006. Epub 2019 Apr 11. No abstract available.
PubMed 30981792Jiang X, Qiu XO, Li Z, Pan J, Peng C, Zuo XL, Liao Z, Li ZS. Small-sized versus standard magnetic capsule endoscopy in adults: a two-center, double-blinded randomized controlled trial. Endoscopy. 2023 Jan;55(1):52-57. doi: 10.1055/a-1881-4369. Epub 2022 Jul 12.
PubMed 35820437
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 10 Nov 2022. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Feasibility of Mini-sized Magnetically Controlled Capsule Endoscopy in Visualization of UGI and Small Bowel: a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05073536
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- mini-MCE
- Conditions
- Capsule Endoscopy
- Keywords
- magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 96 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Changhai HospitalUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
- Study start
- 12 Jan 2021 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 May 2021 (actual)
- Study completion
- 15 Sep 2021 (actual)
- First posted
- 11 Oct 2021 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
A mini-sized MCE highlighted with a diameter of 9.5mm, a length of 24.5mm, and a weight of 3.0g has been developed. This new type of MCE is approximately 0.6 times the conventional MCE (27mm*11.8mm) in volume and weight, and it is the smallest CE among all the reported capsules. Thus, this pilot study was conducted to clarify whether the mini-sized MCE can further optimize the process of swallowing the capsule and to verify whether the smaller size of the capsule will have influence on the examination procedure of the upper gastrointestinal tract and small intestine.
Detailed description
Magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy (MCE), with equally favorable diagnostic accuracy as conventional endoscopy, has become a painless noninvasive diagnostic modality in clinical practice. The more than 8 hours battery life of the MCE enables a further examination of the small bowel. In addition, it has been demonstrated that magnetic steering of capsule endoscopy improves the completion rate of small bowel examination by facilitating passage of the capsule through the pylorus, which further supported MCE as a practical modality for examination of both the stomach and small bowel. Previous studies have confirmed the great safety and efficacy of MCE for examination of patients with high-risk factors for standard gastroscopy, those long-time taking aspirin, aging patients and children.
However, this technique still has some limitations in clinical practice. Due to the large size of the capsule, some patients may be difficult to swallow the capsule, especially in children. A clinical trial reported that a certain number of children with ages ranging from 6 to 14 years fail to swallow the MCE by themselves for its big size (27mm*11.8mm). During the examination procedure of small bowel capsule endoscopy, measuring 26*11mm, in those under 10 years old of age, up to 87% of patients are unable to swallow the capsule. In adolescents, it is reported that more than one-third of patients have difficulties with swallowing standard size tablets. In addition, serious complications, such as aspiration of the capsule, often occur in the elderly who need more efforts to swallow the capsule. For those at any age unable or unwilling to swallow a capsule, endoscopic placement is required to deliver the capsule to the stomach or directly the duodenum. However, this procedure greatly increases patient's discomfort, examination costs and increase the risk associated with the endoscopic procedure, anesthesia. Thus, it is of great importance to make the capsule endoscopy easier to swallow in both children and adolescents.
Therefore, a mini-sized MCE highlighted with a diameter of 9.5mm, a length of 24.5mm, and a weight of 3.0g has been developed. This new type of MCE is approximately 0.6 times the conventional MCE (27mm*11.8mm) in volume and weight, and it is the smallest CE among all the reported capsules. Thus, this pilot study was conducted to clarify whether the mini-sized MCE can further optimize the process of swallowing the capsule and to verify whether the smaller size of the capsule will have influence on the examination procedure of the upper gastrointestinal tract and small intestine.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Diagnosis
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Quadruple blind (participant, care provider, investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| mini-sized MCE | Experimental | Device: mini-sized MCEParticipants in this group underwent examination of mini-sized MCE. |
| normal-sized MCE | Other | Device: normal-sized MCEParticipants in this group underwent examination of normal-sized MCE. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Adult patients aged ≥18.
- Scheduled to undergo a capsule endoscopy for both stomach and small bowel.
- Signed the informed consents before joining this study.
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Dysphagia or symptoms of gastric outlet obstruction
- Known or suspected GI obstruction, stenosis, or fistula
- History of upper gastrointestinal surgery or abdominal surgery altering gastrointestinal anatomy
- Implanted pacemaker, except the pacemaker is compatible with MRI
- Other implanted electromedical devices or magnetic metal foreign bodies
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| mini-sized MCEEnrolled participants were randomly allocated into the normal-sized MCE group or mini-sized MCE group in a 1:1 ratio. | Device | mini-sized MCE |
| normal-sized MCEEnrolled participants were randomly allocated into the normal-sized MCE group or mini-sized MCE group in a 1:1 ratio. | Device | normal-sized MCE |
Primary outcome
the difficulty score for swallowing the capsule
Time frame: 6 months
The primary outcome was the difficulty score for swallowing the capsule, which was assessed on a visual analog scale ranging from 0 (very easy with no nausea) to 10 (very difficult or with severe nausea)
the time required to swallow the capsule
Time frame: 6 months
The capsule swallowing time was defined as the time between the first mouth image and the first esophageal image.
the success rate for swallowing the capsule at the first attempt
Time frame: 6 months
If the patient swallowed the capsule directly with a sip of water at the first attempt, it was defined as a success for swallowing the capsule at the first attempt; if the capsule entered the esophagus after several swallowing attempts or with endoscopic placement, it was defined as a failure.
7 secondary outcomes
the number of images captured for Z-line and quadrants of the Z-line
Time frame: 6 months
Visualization score of the gastric mucosa
Time frame: 6 months
Visualization of the small bowel
Time frame: 6 months
Difficulty score of swallowing the capsule
Time frame: 1 month
Gastrointestinal transit time
Time frame: 1 month
Detection rate of lesions
Time frame: 1 month
Safety of mini-sized MCE procedure:presence of any adverse events during mini-sized MCE procedure will be recorded
Time frame: 1 month
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 10 Nov 2022.
- Background: PubMed 27211503Liao Z, Hou X, Lin-Hu EQ, Sheng JQ, Ge ZZ, Jiang B, Hou XH, Liu JY, Li Z, Huang QY, Zhao XJ, Li N, Gao YJ, Zhang Y, Zhou JQ, Wang XY, Liu J, Xie XP, Yang CM, Liu HL, Sun XT, Zou WB, Li ZS. Accuracy of Magnetically Controlled Capsule Endoscopy, Compared With Conventional Gastroscopy, in Detection of Gastric Diseases. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016 Sep;14(9):1266-1273.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2016.05.013. Epub 2016 May 20.
- Background: PubMed 30367341Liao Z, Zou W, Li ZS. Clinical application of magnetically controlled capsule gastroscopy in gastric disease diagnosis: recent advances. Sci China Life Sci. 2018 Nov;61(11):1304-1309. doi: 10.1007/s11427-018-9353-5. Epub 2018 Oct 18.
- Background: PubMed 31194028Jiang X, Pan J, Li ZS, Liao Z. Standardized examination procedure of magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy. VideoGIE. 2019 May 30;4(6):239-243. doi: 10.1016/j.vgie.2019.03.003. eCollection 2019 Jun. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 30005825Jiang X, Qian YY, Liu X, Pan J, Zou WB, Zhou W, Luo YY, Chen YZ, Li ZS, Liao Z. Impact of magnetic steering on gastric transit time of a capsule endoscopy (with video). Gastrointest Endosc. 2018 Oct;88(4):746-754. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2018.06.031. Epub 2018 Jul 11.
- Background: PubMed 31328998Hu J, Wang S, Ma W, Pan D, Sun S. Magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy as the first-line examination for high-risk patients for the standard gastroscopy: a preliminary study. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2019 Jul;54(7):934-937. doi: 10.1080/00365521.2019.1638446. Epub 2019 Jul 22.
- Background: PubMed 21615227Nuutinen H, Kolho KL, Salminen P, Rintala R, Koskenpato J, Koivusalo A, Sipponen T, Farkkila M. Capsule endoscopy in pediatric patients: technique and results in our first 100 consecutive children. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2011 Sep;46(9):1138-43. doi: 10.3109/00365521.2011.584900. Epub 2011 May 26.
- Background: PubMed 25896843Patel A, Jacobsen L, Jhaveri R, Bradford KK. Effectiveness of pediatric pill swallowing interventions: a systematic review. Pediatrics. 2015 May;135(5):883-9. doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-2114.
- Background: PubMed 30981792Dan T, Dandan S, Enqiang L. Aspiration of a Magnetically Controlled Capsule Endoscopy. Gastroenterology. 2023 May;164(6):e30-e31. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.04.006. Epub 2019 Apr 11. No abstract available.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 35820437Jiang X, Qiu XO, Li Z, Pan J, Peng C, Zuo XL, Liao Z, Li ZS. Small-sized versus standard magnetic capsule endoscopy in adults: a two-center, double-blinded randomized controlled trial. Endoscopy. 2023 Jan;55(1):52-57. doi: 10.1055/a-1881-4369. Epub 2022 Jul 12.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Zhuan Liao, Professor principal investigator
Changhai Hospital,Shanghai,China
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing mini-sized MCE and normal-sized MCE in people with Capsule Endoscopy, run by Changhai Hospital at 1 site in China.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 10 Nov 2022. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in China. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
the difficulty score for swallowing the capsule (time frame: 6 months). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05073536, which also lists 9 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 10 Nov 2022.