Cognitive TrainingNCT05358145
The Training Effects of Tinkering Activities on Cognitive Flexibility in Older Adults From Communities
A study testing Tinkering Activities and Board Games Activities in people with Cognitive Training, run by National Taiwan University Hospital at 2 sites in Taiwan.
Trial summary
Aging has been a serious global-wise concern in public health. In particular, elders face declination of cognitive functions that threaten their quality of life. A good approach to slow down cognitive declination during aging processes is therefore in urgent need. According to the Successful Aging model (Rowe, J.W. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 65 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Cognitive Training
- What is being tested?
- Tinkering Activities and Board Games Activities
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 118 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesTaiwan
- Study dates
- 22 Feb 2021to 29 Jul 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 65 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Literate in Mandarin and Taiwanese
- Willing to participate entirely in this research.
- Age >65
Who cannot join
- Participated in cognitive-related training in the past two months.
- Severe impairment of visual or auditory abilities.
- Diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or Dementia
- Severe psychological or behavioral disorder that would seriously interfere with the progress of activity
- History of degenerative cognitive disorder (e.g., acute stroke, traumatic brain injury, unconscious), organic mental disorders, brain dysfunction, or other neurology-related diagnoses.
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country.
Taiwan2 sites
College of Medicine, National Taiwan University
Taipei, 10051
National Taiwan Science Education Center
Taipei, 11165
About this study
Aging has been a serious global-wise concern in public health. In particular, elders face declination of cognitive functions that threaten their quality of life. A good approach to slow down cognitive declination during aging processes is therefore in urgent need. According to the Successful Aging model (Rowe, J.W. and Kahn, R.L) participation in meaningful occupational activity may maintains high cognitive and body function. This sub-project is a part of the larger integrated project that will address the need for cognitive promotion by conducting cognitive training interventions on community older adults, utilizing the National Taiwan Science Education Center (NTSEC) as the public recruiting site as well as intervention site. In this sub-project, a 12-week intervention will be carried out with three protocols: 1) Tinkering activities, 2)Controlled Tinkering Activities, and 3) Board Game intervention. Board games serve as a commonly seen cognitive training, with a growing series of literature continuing to support board games being the medium of cognitive promotion. Tinkering activities are primarily used in fields of education that comprise science, art, and technology. Through a series of themes objectives, participants can involve interestingly, creatively, and flexibly in the activity when the participants fulfill the goal with the materials retrievable at the site. The anticipation is that the elders participating in Tinkering activities may increase their cognitive flexibility as the participants involve in the elements hidden within the core of the training, such as problem exploration, active thinking and inference, trial and error, and problem-solving. The investigators target to obtain pre-and post-intervention behavioral and neurophysiological data, including electroencephalogram data in 40 experimental participants, 40 active control participants, and 40 passive control participants over a period of 3 years.
- Conditions
- Cognitive Training
- Being tested
- Tinkering Activities, Control Tinkering Activities, Board Games Activities
- Keywords
- Task-Switching, Electroencephalogram, Cognitive Flexibility, Aging, Brain Imaging
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Tinkering ActivitiesBehavioural
Tinkering activities are activities that comprise elements of science, art, and technology. Through a series of themes objectives, participants can involve interestingly, creatively, and flexibly in the activity when they fulfill the goal with the materials retrievable at the site. Participants will be trained as they involve in the elements hidden within the core of the training, such as problem exploration, active thinking and inference, trial and error, and problem-solving.
Control Tinkering ActivitiesBehavioural
Controlled Tinkering Activities utilize the themes of Tinkering activities but eliminate the core of Tinkering training, hence implementing a new set of activities that emphasize participants strictly follow procedures to complete the similar objective of Tinkering activities. Each participant will end up with a similar piece of work as Tinkering Activities participants would without problem exploration, active thinking and inference, trial and error, and problem-solving.
Board Games ActivitiesBehavioural
Board games are often constructed with concepts of different cognitive components, such as attention, working memory, planning, calculation; therefore serve as a commonly seen cognitive training, while more and more literature continues to support tabletop games being the medium of cognitive promotion.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Tinkering | Experimental | Not described Receives: Behavioral: Tinkering Activities |
| Control Tinkering | Active comparator | Not described Receives: Behavioral: Control Tinkering Activities |
| Board Games | Active comparator | Not described Receives: Behavioral: Board Games Activities |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Changes of Event-related potential component (ERP): P2, N2, P3
The EEG data is recorded while the participants are carrying out the task-switching paradigm. The data will then be analyzed in terms of Event-Related Potential(ERP), where the components' changes will be observed in terms of amplitude and latency.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of reaction time and accuracy of task-switching paradigm
The task-switching paradigm will ask the participants to judge whether the number(stimulus) presented is 1) even or odd, OR, 2) more than or less than 5. The switching between these rules will induce a switch cost effect (the time when the rule changes, the reaction time will increase to compensate the cognitive process needed to make the change) if the reaction time decreases after intervention, it implies an improvement.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of Accuracy in Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
Score ranged 0-128, the higher the score, the better the executive function
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of Number of Categories Completed in Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
The number of sequences of 10 consecutive correct matches (maximum = 6), higher the score, the better the executive function
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of Trials to Complete First Category in Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
Total number of trials to complete first category, the less the score, the better the executive function
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of Percent Perseverative Errors in Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
The concentration of perseverative errors in relation to overall test performance (the number of trials given) multiplied by 100. The less the score, the better the executive function.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of Failure to Maintain Set in Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
When a participant makes five or more consecutive correct matches but then makes an error before successfully completing the category, the less the score, the better the executive function.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Secondary outcomes (25)
Changes of University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale
score ranged 20-80, the higher the greater sense of loneliness in the participants.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of Geriatric Depression Scale
Score ranged 0-15, the higher the score, the severe the depressive symptoms.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of Flow Scale
Score ranged 1-5, higher the score, the better the flow experience the participant had.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of Cognitive Flexibility Scale (CFS)
It is a 12-item 6-point scale in Likert format, the higher the score, the higher the participants' cognitive flexibility.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of Guilford's Alternative Uses Test (GAU)
Scoring in terms of originality, fluency, elaboration and flexibility. The higher the score the better the creativity and divergent thinking.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of Color Trails Test (CTT)
Measures in time, error, cues, near miss, and color error. The less time, error, cues, near miss and color error the participants take, the better the executive function, alternate and sustain attention.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of University of California, San Diego Performance-Based Skills Assessment (UPSA-BRIEF)
Score range 0-100, the higher the score, the better the function of activities of daily living.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of Remote Associates Test
Score range 0-30. The higher the score, the better the ability of remote associate creativity.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of Neural functional activity during inferential processing
Participants will undergo a Rule Inference functional magnetic resonance imaging task to infer underlying rules that map color configurations of circles in a triangular arrangement to a target color category within as few tries as possible under active or passive conditions. The goal for participants will be to infer the cue-category association rules using as few cues as possible. The primary outcome measure here is the degree of neural response estimate change in blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal pre- and post-intervention.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of overall accuracy during inferential processing
Changes from pre- to post-intervention in participant overall accuracy in identifying latent rules in the Rule Inference functional magnetic resonance imaging task.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of learning rate during inferential processing
Changes from pre- to post-intervention in participant number of trials to criterion in the Rule Inference functional magnetic resonance imaging task.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of strategic performance during inferential processing
Changes from pre- to post-intervention in participant coefficients of expression of modeled response strategies in the Rule Inference functional magnetic resonance imaging task will be assessed.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Memory Scale III Logical Memory I & II
Score range 0 - 75. Higher score indicates better verbal episodic memory.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Memory Scale III Face Memory
Score range 0 - 48. Higher score indicates better visual face memory.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Memory Scale III Verbal Paired Memory
Score range 0 - 32. Higher score indicates better verbal memory and learning.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Memory Scale III Family Pictures I & II
Score range 0 - 64. Higher score indicates better visual memory and learning.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Memory Scale III Word Lists I & II
Score range 0 - 36. Higher score indicates better verbal memory and learning. For II, recall score range is 0 to 8; recognition score range is 0 to 24.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Memory Scale III Visual Reproduction I & II
Score range 0 - 104. Higher score indicates better visual memory. For II, recall score range is 0-104; recognition score range is 0-48.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Memory Scale III Spatial Span
Score range 0 - 32. Higher score indicates better spatial memory.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Memory Scale III Digit Span
Score range 0 - 32. Higher score indicates better auditory memory.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III Vocabulary
Score range 0 - 66. Higher score indicates better vocabulary.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III Digit Symbol
Score range 0 - 133. Higher score indicates better processing speed.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III Block Design
Score range 0 - 68. Higher score indicates better visual processing.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III Arithmetic
Score range 0 - 22. Higher score indicates better mathematical computation ability.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III Matrix Reasoning
Score range 0 - 26. Higher score indicates better reasoning.
Measured: Week 0, Week 12
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted3 May 2022
- Study start22 Feb 2021
- Primary completion29 Jul 2024
- Study completion29 Jul 2024
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Cognitive TrainingStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by National Taiwan University HospitalThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 118 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- National Taiwan University Hospital
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, National Taiwan University, National Taiwan Science Education Center
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Hui-Fen Mao, M.S., Principal investigator, National Taiwan University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05358145
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 202010050RINB
- Status last verified
- Dec 2024
- First submitted
- 6 Apr 2022
- Last updated
- 21 Sep 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: Data that can be shared include anonymized neuropsychological assessment scores, cognitive behavioral performance scores, brain imaging data that have been published.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 21 Sep 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Training Effects of Tinkering Activities on Cognitive Flexibility in Older Adults From Communities
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05358145
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 202010050RINB
- Conditions
- Cognitive Training
- Keywords
- Task-Switching, Electroencephalogram, Cognitive Flexibility, Aging, Brain Imaging
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 118 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- National Taiwan University HospitalUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, National Taiwan University, National Taiwan Science Education Center
- Study start
- 22 Feb 2021 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 29 Jul 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 29 Jul 2024 (actual)
- First posted
- 3 May 2022 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Aging has been a serious global-wise concern in public health. In particular, elders face declination of cognitive functions that threaten their quality of life. A good approach to slow down cognitive declination during aging processes is therefore in urgent need. According to the Successful Aging model (Rowe, J.W. and Kahn, R.L) participation in meaningful occupational activity may maintains high cognitive and body function. This sub-project is a part of the larger integrated project that will address the need for cognitive promotion by conducting cognitive training interventions on community older adults, utilizing the National Taiwan Science Education Center (NTSEC) as the public recruiting site as well as intervention site. In this sub-project, a 12-week intervention will be carried out with three protocols: 1) Tinkering activities, 2)Controlled Tinkering Activities, and 3) Board Game intervention. Board games serve as a commonly seen cognitive training, with a growing series of literature continuing to support board games being the medium of cognitive promotion. Tinkering activities are primarily used in fields of education that comprise science, art, and technology. Through a series of themes objectives, participants can involve interestingly, creatively, and flexibly in the activity when the participants fulfill the goal with the materials retrievable at the site. The anticipation is that the elders participating in Tinkering activities may increase their cognitive flexibility as the participants involve in the elements hidden within the core of the training, such as problem exploration, active thinking and inference, trial and error, and problem-solving. The investigators target to obtain pre-and post-intervention behavioral and neurophysiological data, including electroencephalogram data in 40 experimental participants, 40 active control participants, and 40 passive control participants over a period of 3 years.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind (participant, investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Tinkering | Experimental | Behavioral: Tinkering Activities |
| Control Tinkering | Active comparator | Behavioral: Control Tinkering Activities |
| Board Games | Active comparator | Behavioral: Board Games Activities |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 65 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Literate in Mandarin and Taiwanese
- Willing to participate entirely in this research.
- Age >65
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Participated in cognitive-related training in the past two months.
- Severe impairment of visual or auditory abilities.
- Diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or Dementia
- Severe psychological or behavioral disorder that would seriously interfere with the progress of activity
- History of degenerative cognitive disorder (e.g., acute stroke, traumatic brain injury, unconscious), organic mental disorders, brain dysfunction, or other neurology-related diagnoses.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Tinkering ActivitiesTinkering activities are activities that comprise elements of science, art, and technology. Through a series of themes objectives, participants can involve interestingly, creatively, and flexibly in the activity when they fulfill the goal with the materials retrievable at the site. Participants will be trained as they involve in the elements hidden within the core of the training, such as problem exploration, active thinking and inference, trial and error, and problem-solving. | Behavioural | Tinkering |
| Control Tinkering ActivitiesControlled Tinkering Activities utilize the themes of Tinkering activities but eliminate the core of Tinkering training, hence implementing a new set of activities that emphasize participants strictly follow procedures to complete the similar objective of Tinkering activities. Each participant will end up with a similar piece of work as Tinkering Activities participants would without problem exploration, active thinking and inference, trial and error, and problem-solving. | Behavioural | Control Tinkering |
| Board Games ActivitiesBoard games are often constructed with concepts of different cognitive components, such as attention, working memory, planning, calculation; therefore serve as a commonly seen cognitive training, while more and more literature continues to support tabletop games being the medium of cognitive promotion. | Behavioural | Board Games |
Primary outcome
Changes of Event-related potential component (ERP): P2, N2, P3
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
The EEG data is recorded while the participants are carrying out the task-switching paradigm. The data will then be analyzed in terms of Event-Related Potential(ERP), where the components' changes will be observed in terms of amplitude and latency.
Changes of reaction time and accuracy of task-switching paradigm
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
The task-switching paradigm will ask the participants to judge whether the number(stimulus) presented is 1) even or odd, OR, 2) more than or less than 5. The switching between these rules will induce a switch cost effect (the time when the rule changes, the reaction time will increase to compensate the cognitive process needed to make the change) if the reaction time decreases after intervention, it implies an improvement.
Changes of Accuracy in Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Score ranged 0-128, the higher the score, the better the executive function
Changes of Number of Categories Completed in Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
The number of sequences of 10 consecutive correct matches (maximum = 6), higher the score, the better the executive function
Changes of Trials to Complete First Category in Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Total number of trials to complete first category, the less the score, the better the executive function
Changes of Percent Perseverative Errors in Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
The concentration of perseverative errors in relation to overall test performance (the number of trials given) multiplied by 100. The less the score, the better the executive function.
Changes of Failure to Maintain Set in Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
When a participant makes five or more consecutive correct matches but then makes an error before successfully completing the category, the less the score, the better the executive function.
25 secondary outcomes
Changes of University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of Geriatric Depression Scale
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of Flow Scale
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of Cognitive Flexibility Scale (CFS)
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of Guilford's Alternative Uses Test (GAU)
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of Color Trails Test (CTT)
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of University of California, San Diego Performance-Based Skills Assessment (UPSA-BRIEF)
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of Remote Associates Test
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of Neural functional activity during inferential processing
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of overall accuracy during inferential processing
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of learning rate during inferential processing
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Changes of strategic performance during inferential processing
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Memory Scale III Logical Memory I & II
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Memory Scale III Face Memory
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Memory Scale III Verbal Paired Memory
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Memory Scale III Family Pictures I & II
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Memory Scale III Word Lists I & II
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Memory Scale III Visual Reproduction I & II
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Memory Scale III Spatial Span
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Memory Scale III Digit Span
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III Vocabulary
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III Digit Symbol
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III Block Design
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III Arithmetic
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Change in Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III Matrix Reasoning
Time frame: Week 0, Week 12
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 21 Sep 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. Data that can be shared include anonymized neuropsychological assessment scores, cognitive behavioral performance scores, brain imaging data that have been published.
Related trials for Cognitive Training
RecruitingPhase 2
Neuroplasticity Enhancement From Cognitive Training Reinforced by Psilocybin
Alzheimer's Disease
Recruiting
Early Motor-Cognitive Integrative Training on Cognitive and Motor Performance in Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Subarachnoid Aneurysm Hemorrhage
RecruitingObservational study
Psychotherapy for Irritability in Youth: Comparing Active Treatment to Nonactive Psychoeducation Supportive Psychotherapy
Irritability, Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
Not yet recruiting
AI Smart Glasses Feedback for Intubation Training in Medical Students
Intubation, Intratracheal, Medical Education
RecruitingObservational study
Psychological Treatments for Youth With Severe Irritability.
Irritability
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Hui-Fen Mao, M.S. principal investigator
National Taiwan University
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Tinkering Activities and Board Games Activities in people with Cognitive Training, run by National Taiwan University Hospital at 2 sites in Taiwan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 21 Sep 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in Taiwan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Changes of Event-related potential component (ERP): P2, N2, P3 (time frame: Week 0, Week 12). The study lists 7 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 21 Sep 2026.