Healthy AgingNCT05362214
Effects of Different Guiding Strategies on Biomechanics of Human Movement.
An observational study of Healthy Aging, run by National Cheng-Kung University Hospital at 1 site in Taiwan.
Trial summary
With regards to the increase in the aging population globally, how to build up a successfully aging society has become the main issue in health care and socioeconomic. In addition, living with high physical function is one of the main goals and solutions, and exercising regularly is a direct and obvious way to achieve… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 20 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Healthy Aging
- How many people
- 15 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTaiwan
- Study dates
- 11 May 2021to 15 Sep 2021
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 20 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: Residents of Tainan city, Taiwan
Who may be able to join
- 20 years old above
- Able to perform regular exercise
- Able to understand Chinese or Taiwanese language
- Never practice Baduanjin Qigong
Who cannot join
- Having illness or diseases that cannot perform physical exercise such as musculoskeletal disease.
- Having any kinds of chronic disease that might be more activated by performing Baduanjin exercise such as cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, osteoporosis, etc.
- Having chronic diseases that cannot perform Baduanjin exercise according to the experimental protocols such as blindness, deafness and hearing impairment, or Alzheimer's diseases, etc.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
With regards to the increase in the aging population globally, how to build up a successfully aging society has become the main issue in health care and socioeconomic. In addition, living with high physical function is one of the main goals and solutions, and exercising regularly is a direct and obvious way to achieve this goal. However, being elderly, it might not be easy for them to practice or do exercise every day due to some of their limitations such as learning difficulty and lack of motivation.
Nowadays, there are many different types of exercise supporting tools, which are in terms of visual or auditory cues, including two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) cues. Accordingly, several studies mentioned the positive outcomes of using a 3D visual cue compared with using the 2D one. Also, a study found that combining visual and auditory cues together resulted in a better perception than using either one alone.
Read more
Coupled with a coming of a small flyable robot so-called "drone", which can be programmed to fly autonomously in a 3D space, a few research teams applied it in many interactive applications with humans such as sports education relating for example dancing and boxing. Moreover, there was a research team that explored the interaction between a human and a drone in a close-range design by controlling the drone using both hands movement, which was inspired by Tai Chi martial art exercise. As a result, they found important findings of the calming and focusing experience of the participants due to the low level of constant propeller noise of the drone.
Regarding this, the investigators assumed that applying a drone, which can be recognized as a 3D visual cue, to a kind of exercise may provide some benefits in terms of physical health. In addition, the investigators applied it to a simple Chinese martial art exercise called "Baduanjin Qigong" since it was recommended for everyone, especially for the elderly because of its low requirement for physical and cognitive abilities.
However, based on our findings, there is no published information about the effects of the drone as a visual cue or exercise guiding tool in terms of biomechanical effects of human motion. Therefore, these effects would be observed throughout this study.
Besides, the investigators hypothesized that exercising with the drone, which is a 3D visual cue in this study, could provide a significant difference in biomechanics effects such as the center of pressure (COP) and smoothness of the arm when compared with using a 2D visual cue like video, or no visual cue like the audio illustration. Also, resulting in a positive direction as an exercise guiding tool for the elderly such as increasing their motivation during exercise.
- Conditions
- Healthy Aging
- Keywords
- Baduanjin Qigong, Visual and Auditory Cues, Center of Pressure (COP), Smoothness of Arm Movement
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Audio (no visual cue) | The condition that a participant has to perform Baduanjin exercise by following the audio guidance/illustration according to the reference of Baduanjin practicing video. | |
| Video (2D visual cue) | The condition that a participant has to perform Baduanjin exercise by following the video guidance/illustration according to the reference of Baduanjin practicing video. | |
| Drone (3D visual cue) | The condition that a participant has to perform Baduanjin exercise by following the drone guiding system including a guidance from drone and audio illustration regarding the reference of Baduanjin practicing video. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Center of pressure (COP)
The center of pressure (COP) of every participant while performing each selected movement of Baduanjin exercise were observed with regards to the three different guiding strategies including audio, video, and drone.
Measured: 2 hours
Smoothness of arm movement
The smoothness of arm movement of every participant while performing each selected movement of Baduanjin exercise were observed with regards to the three different guiding strategies including audio, video, and drone.
Measured: 2 hours
Motivation and feedback of participants toward the drone guiding system
Motivation and feedback of the participants toward the drone guiding system were measured through a questionnaire using Agree Disagree Rating Questions (5 scales: strongly agree, agree, neither agree nor disagree(normal), disagree, strongly disagree).
Measured: 2 hour
Secondary outcomes (2)
Accuracy of the drone guiding system
The accuracy of the drone guiding system was evaluated according to the paths that the drone could perform compared with the preprogrammed paths for each selected movement of Baduanjin exercise. However, only the endpoints of the drone were evaluated for accuracy testing since the inputs of the preprogrammed paths were specific endpoint values, not the entire trajectories of the drone.
Measured: 2 hours
Precision of the drone guiding system
The precision of the drone guiding system was evaluated according to the entire trajectories that the drone performed in the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th times compared with the trajectory that the drone performed in the 1st time.
Measured: 2 hours
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted5 May 2022
- Study start11 May 2021
- Primary completion15 Sep 2021
- Study completion15 Sep 2021
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (12)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Healthy AgingStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by National Cheng-Kung University HospitalThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Enrolment
- 15 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- National Cheng-Kung University Hospital
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Fong Chin Su, National Cheng-Kung University Hospital
- Investigators
- Fong-Chin Su, PhD, Principal investigator, National Cheng Kung University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05362214
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 109-423
- Status last verified
- May 2022
- First submitted
- 14 Apr 2022
- Last updated
- 5 May 2022
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided: The study is still under the patent filling process.
Publications
Lin PS, Hsieh CC, Cheng HS, Tseng TJ, Su SC. Association between Physical Fitness and Successful Aging in Taiwanese Older Adults. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 10;11(3):e0150389. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150389. eCollection 2016.
PubMed 26963614McPhee JS, French DP, Jackson D, Nazroo J, Pendleton N, Degens H. Physical activity in older age: perspectives for healthy ageing and frailty. Biogerontology. 2016 Jun;17(3):567-80. doi: 10.1007/s10522-016-9641-0. Epub 2016 Mar 2.
PubMed 26936444Zou L, SasaKi JE, Wang H, Xiao Z, Fang Q, Zhang M. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Baduanjin Qigong for Health Benefits: Randomized Controlled Trials. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2017;2017:4548706. doi: 10.1155/2017/4548706. Epub 2017 Mar 7.
PubMed 28367223Liu XY, Gao J, Yin BX, Yang XY, Bai DX. Efficacy of Ba Duan Jin in Improving Balance: A Study in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Gerontol Nurs. 2016 May 1;42(5):38-46. doi: 10.3928/00989134-20160201-03.
PubMed 27110739Zheng G, Fang Q, Chen B, Yi H, Lin Q, Chen L. Qualitative Evaluation of Baduanjin (Traditional Chinese Qigong) on Health Promotion among an Elderly Community Population at Risk for Ischemic Stroke. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:893215. doi: 10.1155/2015/893215. Epub 2015 Sep 21.
PubMed 26483845Tse CK, Yu CK. The Effects of Visual Cues, Blindfolding, Synesthetic Experience, and Musical Training on Pure-Tone Frequency Discrimination. Behav Sci (Basel). 2018 Dec 24;9(1):2. doi: 10.3390/bs9010002.
PubMed 30586857Pierno AC, Caria A, Castiello U. Comparing effects of 2-D and 3-D visual cues during aurally aided target acquisition. Hum Factors. 2004 Winter;46(4):728-37. doi: 10.1518/hfes.46.4.728.56815.
PubMed 15709333Sodhi R, Benko H, Wilson A. LightGuide. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 2012 May 5;179-188. doi: 10.1145/2207676.2207702.
La Delfa J, Baytas MA, Patibanda R, Ngari H, Khot RA, Mueller F'F. Drone Chi: Somaesthetic human-drone interaction. Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 2020 April 23;1-13. doi: 10.1145/3313831.3376786.
Kim H, Landay JA. Aeroquake: Drone Augmented Dance. Proceedings of the 2018 Designing Interactive Systems Conference. 2018 June 8;691-701. doi: 10.1145/3196709.3196798.
Eriksson S, Unander-Scharin Å, Trichon V, Unander-Scharin C, Kjellström H, Höök K. Dancing with drones: Crafting Novel Artistic Expressions Through Intercorporeality. Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 2019 May 2;1-12. doi: 10.1145/3290605.3300847.
Zwaan SG, Barakova EI. Boxing against Drones: Drones in Sports Education. Proceedings of the The 15th International Conference on Interaction Design and Children. 2016 June 21;607-612. doi: 10.1145/2930674.2935991.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 5 May 2022. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Different Guiding Strategies on Biomechanics of Human Movement.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05362214
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 109-423
- Conditions
- Healthy Aging
- Keywords
- Baduanjin Qigong, Visual and Auditory Cues, Center of Pressure (COP), Smoothness of Arm Movement
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 15 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- National Cheng-Kung University HospitalUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 11 May 2021 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Sep 2021 (actual)
- Study completion
- 15 Sep 2021 (actual)
- First posted
- 5 May 2022 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
With regards to the increase in the aging population globally, how to build up a successfully aging society has become the main issue in health care and socioeconomic. In addition, living with high physical function is one of the main goals and solutions, and exercising regularly is a direct and obvious way to achieve this goal. However, being elderly, it might not be easy for them to practice or do exercise every day due to some of their limitations such as learning difficulty and lack of motivation.
Nowadays, there are many different types of exercise supporting tools, which are in terms of visual or auditory cues, including two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) cues. Accordingly, several studies mentioned the positive outcomes of using a 3D visual cue compared with using the 2D one. Also, a study found that combining visual and auditory cues together resulted in a better perception than using either one alone.
Coupled with a coming of a small flyable robot so-called "drone", which can be programmed to fly autonomously in a 3D space, a few research teams applied it in many interactive applications with humans such as sports education relating for example dancing and boxing. Moreover, there was a research team that explored the interaction between a human and a drone in a close-range design by controlling the drone using both hands movement, which was inspired by Tai Chi martial art exercise. As a result, they found important findings of the calming and focusing experience of the participants due to the low level of constant propeller noise of the drone.
Regarding this, the investigators assumed that applying a drone, which can be recognized as a 3D visual cue, to a kind of exercise may provide some benefits in terms of physical health. In addition, the investigators applied it to a simple Chinese martial art exercise called "Baduanjin Qigong" since it was recommended for everyone, especially for the elderly because of its low requirement for physical and cognitive abilities.
However, based on our findings, there is no published information about the effects of the drone as a visual cue or exercise guiding tool in terms of biomechanical effects of human motion. Therefore, these effects would be observed throughout this study.
Besides, the investigators hypothesized that exercising with the drone, which is a 3D visual cue in this study, could provide a significant difference in biomechanics effects such as the center of pressure (COP) and smoothness of the arm when compared with using a 2D visual cue like video, or no visual cue like the audio illustration. Also, resulting in a positive direction as an exercise guiding tool for the elderly such as increasing their motivation during exercise.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Audio (no visual cue) | – | –The condition that a participant has to perform Baduanjin exercise by following the audio guidance/illustration according to the reference of Baduanjin practicing video. |
| Video (2D visual cue) | – | –The condition that a participant has to perform Baduanjin exercise by following the video guidance/illustration according to the reference of Baduanjin practicing video. |
| Drone (3D visual cue) | – | –The condition that a participant has to perform Baduanjin exercise by following the drone guiding system including a guidance from drone and audio illustration regarding the reference of Baduanjin practicing video. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 20 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- Residents of Tainan city, Taiwan
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- 20 years old above
- Able to perform regular exercise
- Able to understand Chinese or Taiwanese language
- Never practice Baduanjin Qigong
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Having illness or diseases that cannot perform physical exercise such as musculoskeletal disease.
- Having any kinds of chronic disease that might be more activated by performing Baduanjin exercise such as cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, osteoporosis, etc.
- Having chronic diseases that cannot perform Baduanjin exercise according to the experimental protocols such as blindness, deafness and hearing impairment, or Alzheimer's diseases, etc.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
Center of pressure (COP)
Time frame: 2 hours
The center of pressure (COP) of every participant while performing each selected movement of Baduanjin exercise were observed with regards to the three different guiding strategies including audio, video, and drone.
Smoothness of arm movement
Time frame: 2 hours
The smoothness of arm movement of every participant while performing each selected movement of Baduanjin exercise were observed with regards to the three different guiding strategies including audio, video, and drone.
Motivation and feedback of participants toward the drone guiding system
Time frame: 2 hour
Motivation and feedback of the participants toward the drone guiding system were measured through a questionnaire using Agree Disagree Rating Questions (5 scales: strongly agree, agree, neither agree nor disagree(normal), disagree, strongly disagree).
2 secondary outcomes
Accuracy of the drone guiding system
Time frame: 2 hours
Precision of the drone guiding system
Time frame: 2 hours
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 5 May 2022.
- Background: PubMed 26963614Lin PS, Hsieh CC, Cheng HS, Tseng TJ, Su SC. Association between Physical Fitness and Successful Aging in Taiwanese Older Adults. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 10;11(3):e0150389. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150389. eCollection 2016.
- Background: PubMed 26936444McPhee JS, French DP, Jackson D, Nazroo J, Pendleton N, Degens H. Physical activity in older age: perspectives for healthy ageing and frailty. Biogerontology. 2016 Jun;17(3):567-80. doi: 10.1007/s10522-016-9641-0. Epub 2016 Mar 2.
- Background: PubMed 28367223Zou L, SasaKi JE, Wang H, Xiao Z, Fang Q, Zhang M. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Baduanjin Qigong for Health Benefits: Randomized Controlled Trials. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2017;2017:4548706. doi: 10.1155/2017/4548706. Epub 2017 Mar 7.
- Background: PubMed 27110739Liu XY, Gao J, Yin BX, Yang XY, Bai DX. Efficacy of Ba Duan Jin in Improving Balance: A Study in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Gerontol Nurs. 2016 May 1;42(5):38-46. doi: 10.3928/00989134-20160201-03.
- Background: PubMed 26483845Zheng G, Fang Q, Chen B, Yi H, Lin Q, Chen L. Qualitative Evaluation of Baduanjin (Traditional Chinese Qigong) on Health Promotion among an Elderly Community Population at Risk for Ischemic Stroke. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:893215. doi: 10.1155/2015/893215. Epub 2015 Sep 21.
- Background: PubMed 30586857Tse CK, Yu CK. The Effects of Visual Cues, Blindfolding, Synesthetic Experience, and Musical Training on Pure-Tone Frequency Discrimination. Behav Sci (Basel). 2018 Dec 24;9(1):2. doi: 10.3390/bs9010002.
- Background: PubMed 15709333Pierno AC, Caria A, Castiello U. Comparing effects of 2-D and 3-D visual cues during aurally aided target acquisition. Hum Factors. 2004 Winter;46(4):728-37. doi: 10.1518/hfes.46.4.728.56815.
- BackgroundSodhi R, Benko H, Wilson A. LightGuide. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 2012 May 5;179-188. doi: 10.1145/2207676.2207702.
- BackgroundLa Delfa J, Baytas MA, Patibanda R, Ngari H, Khot RA, Mueller F'F. Drone Chi: Somaesthetic human-drone interaction. Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 2020 April 23;1-13. doi: 10.1145/3313831.3376786.
- BackgroundKim H, Landay JA. Aeroquake: Drone Augmented Dance. Proceedings of the 2018 Designing Interactive Systems Conference. 2018 June 8;691-701. doi: 10.1145/3196709.3196798.
- BackgroundEriksson S, Unander-Scharin Å, Trichon V, Unander-Scharin C, Kjellström H, Höök K. Dancing with drones: Crafting Novel Artistic Expressions Through Intercorporeality. Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 2019 May 2;1-12. doi: 10.1145/3290605.3300847.
- BackgroundZwaan SG, Barakova EI. Boxing against Drones: Drones in Sports Education. Proceedings of the The 15th International Conference on Interaction Design and Children. 2016 June 21;607-612. doi: 10.1145/2930674.2935991.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided. The study is still under the patent filling process.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Fong-Chin Su, PhD principal investigator
National Cheng Kung University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Healthy Aging, run by National Cheng-Kung University Hospital at 1 site in Taiwan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 5 May 2022. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Taiwan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Center of pressure (COP) (time frame: 2 hours). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05362214, which also lists 12 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 5 May 2022.