VO2maxNCT05742542
The Effects of High vs. Low Time Spent Near VO2max During Two Work-matched High Intensity Interval Training.
A study testing Exercise training in people with VO2max, run by University of the State of Santa Catarina at 1 site in Brazil.
Trial summary
Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) is used to define cardiorespiratory fitness, which is important to health and sport performance in humans. Although different types of training can improve VO2max, the high intensity interval training is recognized as one of the best ways to do it. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- VO2max
- What is being tested?
- Exercise training
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 15 participants
- Where
- 1 siteBrazil
- Study dates
- 1 Jul 2021to 15 Dec 2021
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Male ≥ 18 years;
- No known musculoskeletal disorders;
- Apparently healthy
- Physically active according to American College of Sports Medicine standards and recommendations (Garber et al., 2011; RIEBE et al., 2015).
Who cannot join
- Taking any medication that could affect aerobic parameters;
- Smokers;
- Involved in an aerobic training program at the start of the study.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Brazil1 site
University of the State of Santa Catarina
Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88080-350
About this study
Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) is used to define cardiorespiratory fitness, which is important to health and sport performance in humans. Although different types of training can improve VO2max, the high intensity interval training is recognized as one of the best ways to do it. Furthermore, it has long been speculated that high intensity interval training that elicits a high time spent near VO2max could be the best way to improve VO2max. However, this theory has not been verified. Thus, the investigators performed a randomized controlled trial with crossover in healthy individuals who underwent two high intensity interval training protocols of two weeks, being a workout with longer and other with shorter time spent near VO2max.
Read the detailed description
Fifteen participants were enrolled in a randomized trial with crossover to perform two weeks of high intensity interval training with high (i.e., five times 2 minutes of work and 1 minute of recovery; T-2min:1min) or low (i.e., ten times 1 minutes of work and 30 seconds of recovery; T-1min:30seg) time spent near VO2max. The work intensity was adjusted at 85% and 87% of power output achieved at the end of incremental test for the first and second week, respectively. Before and after the T-2min:1min and T-1min:30seg, the participants performed tests to determine VO2max, lactate threshold, muscle oxidative capacity, pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics, power output achieved at the end of incremental test, and power output related to Wingate anaerobic test. The training programs had a washout period of at least one month.
- Conditions
- VO2max
- Being tested
- Exercise training
- Keywords
- VO2max, Exercise, Aerobic, Performance, Training
- Medical subject headings
- Motor Activity
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Exercise trainingOther
Two weeks of high intensity interval training with high or low time spent near VO2max.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| High intensity interval training with high time spent near VO2max | Experimental | Participants performed high intensity interval training with high time spent near VO2max three times a week for two weeks.
All training sessions consisted of five times 2 minutes of work and 1 minute of passive recovery. The work intensity was adjusted at 85% and 87% of power output achieved at the end of incremental test for the first and second week, respectively.
The training sessions were performed using cycle ergometer.
Findings were compared to high intensity interval training with low time spent near VO2max, which followed the same exercise frequency, intensity and total duration. Receives: Other: Exercise training |
| High intensity interval training with low time spent near VO2max | Experimental | Participants performed high intensity interval training with low time spent near VO2max three times a week for two weeks.
All training sessions consisted of ten times 1 minutes of work and 30 seconds of passive recovery. The work intensity was adjusted at 85% and 87% of power output achieved at the end of incremental test for the first and second week, respectively.
The training sessions were performed using cycle ergometer.
Findings were compared to high intensity interval training with high time spent near VO2max, which followed the same exercise frequency, intensity and total duration. Receives: Other: Exercise training |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Maximal oxygen uptake
The highest 15 seconds VO2 average determined from rolling averages of 5 seconds samples measured during incremental test or confirmation test of VO2max.
Measured: Change at Maximal oxygen uptake after two weeks
Secondary outcomes (6)
Lactate threshold
The work intensity at which blood lactate concentration increased 1 mmol.L-1 above baseline.
Measured: Change at Lactate threshold after two weeks
Muscle oxidative capacity
Rate recovery of muscle oxygen consumption (k-mV̇O2) of the vastus lateralis, with the k-mV̇O2 indicating muscle oxidative capacity.
Measured: Change at Muscle oxidative capacity after two weeks
Pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics
The on-transient response for V̇O2 was fitted using a mono-exponential model, which the rate constant (k-pV̇O2) for the kinetics of V̇O2 was calculated as 1/tau (expressed in min-1).
Measured: Change at Pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics after two weeks
Power output achieved at the end of incremental test
Power output achieved at the end of ramp incremental test (20 W.min-1).
Measured: Change at Power output achieved at the end of incremental test after two weeks
Wingate anaerobic test
Peak power, mean power, and minimum power were defined as the highest mechanical power output, the average power sustained throughout the 30-s period, and the power output attained before the end of the test, respectively.
Measured: Change at Wingate anaerobic test after two weeks
Time spent near VO2max
Time spent at or above 90% or 95% of VO2max.
Measured: First to the last day of test or training, an average of 4 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted24 Feb 2023
- Study start1 Jul 2021
- Primary completion15 Dec 2021
- Study completion15 Dec 2021
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (8)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for VO2maxStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Model description
- The order of training protocols was randomized and the training programs had a washout period of at least one month.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 15 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of the State of Santa Catarina
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, João Antonio Gesser Raimundo, University of the State of Santa Catarina
- Investigators
- João G Raimundo, PhD, Principal investigator, Member of Human Performance Research Group
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05742542
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- VO2maxtrainingUDESantaCatarina
- Status last verified
- Feb 2023
- First submitted
- 3 Feb 2023
- Last updated
- 24 Feb 2023
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided: The data will be presented as a group (training protocol), but data from representative subjects may be presented if they add relevant information.
Publications
Buchheit M, Laursen PB. High-intensity interval training, solutions to the programming puzzle: Part I: cardiopulmonary emphasis. Sports Med. 2013 May;43(5):313-38. doi: 10.1007/s40279-013-0029-x.
PubMed 23539308Laursen PB, Jenkins DG. The scientific basis for high-intensity interval training: optimising training programmes and maximising performance in highly trained endurance athletes. Sports Med. 2002;32(1):53-73. doi: 10.2165/00007256-200232010-00003.
PubMed 11772161Lisboa FD, Raimundo JAG, Salvador AF, Pereira KL, Turnes T, Diefenthaeler F, Oliveira MFM, Caputo F. Acute Cardiopulmonary, Metabolic, and Neuromuscular Responses to Severe-Intensity Intermittent Exercises. J Strength Cond Res. 2019 Feb;33(2):408-416. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002130.
PubMed 28704307Lisboa FD, Salvador AF, Raimundo JA, Pereira KL, de Aguiar RA, Caputo F. Decreasing Power Output Increases Aerobic Contribution During Low-Volume Severe-Intensity Intermittent Exercise. J Strength Cond Res. 2015 Sep;29(9):2434-40. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000914.
PubMed 26308828Midgley AW, Mc Naughton LR. Time at or near VO2max during continuous and intermittent running. A review with special reference to considerations for the optimisation of training protocols to elicit the longest time at or near VO2max. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2006 Mar;46(1):1-14.
PubMed 16596093Midgley AW, Mc Naughton LR, Wilkinson M. Criteria and other methodological considerations in the evaluation of time at V.O2max. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2006 Jun;46(2):183-8.
PubMed 16823345Raimundo JAG, Turnes T, de Aguiar RA, Lisboa FD, Loch T, Ribeiro G, Caputo F. The Severe Exercise Domain Amplitude: A Comparison Between Endurance Runners and Cyclists. Res Q Exerc Sport. 2019 Mar;90(1):3-13. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2018.1549356. Epub 2019 Jan 17.
PubMed 30653425Turnes T, de Aguiar RA, Cruz RS, Caputo F. Interval training in the boundaries of severe domain: effects on aerobic parameters. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2016 Jan;116(1):161-9. doi: 10.1007/s00421-015-3263-0. Epub 2015 Sep 15.
PubMed 26373721
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 24 Feb 2023. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effects of High vs. Low Time Spent Near VO2max During Two Work-matched High Intensity Interval Training.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05742542
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- VO2maxtrainingUDESantaCatarina
- Conditions
- VO2max
- Keywords
- VO2max, Exercise, Aerobic, Performance, Training
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 15 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of the State of Santa CatarinaUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jul 2021 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Dec 2021 (actual)
- Study completion
- 15 Dec 2021 (actual)
- First posted
- 24 Feb 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) is used to define cardiorespiratory fitness, which is important to health and sport performance in humans. Although different types of training can improve VO2max, the high intensity interval training is recognized as one of the best ways to do it. Furthermore, it has long been speculated that high intensity interval training that elicits a high time spent near VO2max could be the best way to improve VO2max. However, this theory has not been verified. Thus, the investigators performed a randomized controlled trial with crossover in healthy individuals who underwent two high intensity interval training protocols of two weeks, being a workout with longer and other with shorter time spent near VO2max.
Detailed description
Fifteen participants were enrolled in a randomized trial with crossover to perform two weeks of high intensity interval training with high (i.e., five times 2 minutes of work and 1 minute of recovery; T-2min:1min) or low (i.e., ten times 1 minutes of work and 30 seconds of recovery; T-1min:30seg) time spent near VO2max. The work intensity was adjusted at 85% and 87% of power output achieved at the end of incremental test for the first and second week, respectively. Before and after the T-2min:1min and T-1min:30seg, the participants performed tests to determine VO2max, lactate threshold, muscle oxidative capacity, pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics, power output achieved at the end of incremental test, and power output related to Wingate anaerobic test. The training programs had a washout period of at least one month.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- The order of training protocols was randomized and the training programs had a washout period of at least one month.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| High intensity interval training with high time spent near VO2max | Experimental | Other: Exercise trainingParticipants performed high intensity interval training with high time spent near VO2max three times a week for two weeks. All training sessions consisted of five times 2 minutes of work and 1 minute of passive recovery. The work intensity was adjusted at 85% and 87% of power output achieved at the end of incremental test for the first and second week, respectively. The training sessions were performed using cycle ergometer. Findings were compared to high intensity interval training with low time spent near VO2max, which followed the same exercise frequency, intensity and total duration. |
| High intensity interval training with low time spent near VO2max | Experimental | Other: Exercise trainingParticipants performed high intensity interval training with low time spent near VO2max three times a week for two weeks. All training sessions consisted of ten times 1 minutes of work and 30 seconds of passive recovery. The work intensity was adjusted at 85% and 87% of power output achieved at the end of incremental test for the first and second week, respectively. The training sessions were performed using cycle ergometer. Findings were compared to high intensity interval training with high time spent near VO2max, which followed the same exercise frequency, intensity and total duration. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Male ≥ 18 years;
- No known musculoskeletal disorders;
- Apparently healthy
- Physically active according to American College of Sports Medicine standards and recommendations (Garber et al., 2011; RIEBE et al., 2015).
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Taking any medication that could affect aerobic parameters;
- Smokers;
- Involved in an aerobic training program at the start of the study.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Exercise trainingTwo weeks of high intensity interval training with high or low time spent near VO2max. | Other | High intensity interval training with high time spent near VO2max, High intensity interval training with low time spent near VO2max |
Primary outcome
Maximal oxygen uptake
Time frame: Change at Maximal oxygen uptake after two weeks
The highest 15 seconds VO2 average determined from rolling averages of 5 seconds samples measured during incremental test or confirmation test of VO2max.
6 secondary outcomes
Lactate threshold
Time frame: Change at Lactate threshold after two weeks
Muscle oxidative capacity
Time frame: Change at Muscle oxidative capacity after two weeks
Pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics
Time frame: Change at Pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics after two weeks
Power output achieved at the end of incremental test
Time frame: Change at Power output achieved at the end of incremental test after two weeks
Wingate anaerobic test
Time frame: Change at Wingate anaerobic test after two weeks
Time spent near VO2max
Time frame: First to the last day of test or training, an average of 4 weeks
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 24 Feb 2023.
- Background: PubMed 23539308Buchheit M, Laursen PB. High-intensity interval training, solutions to the programming puzzle: Part I: cardiopulmonary emphasis. Sports Med. 2013 May;43(5):313-38. doi: 10.1007/s40279-013-0029-x.
- Background: PubMed 11772161Laursen PB, Jenkins DG. The scientific basis for high-intensity interval training: optimising training programmes and maximising performance in highly trained endurance athletes. Sports Med. 2002;32(1):53-73. doi: 10.2165/00007256-200232010-00003.
- Background: PubMed 28704307Lisboa FD, Raimundo JAG, Salvador AF, Pereira KL, Turnes T, Diefenthaeler F, Oliveira MFM, Caputo F. Acute Cardiopulmonary, Metabolic, and Neuromuscular Responses to Severe-Intensity Intermittent Exercises. J Strength Cond Res. 2019 Feb;33(2):408-416. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002130.
- Background: PubMed 26308828Lisboa FD, Salvador AF, Raimundo JA, Pereira KL, de Aguiar RA, Caputo F. Decreasing Power Output Increases Aerobic Contribution During Low-Volume Severe-Intensity Intermittent Exercise. J Strength Cond Res. 2015 Sep;29(9):2434-40. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000914.
- Background: PubMed 16596093Midgley AW, Mc Naughton LR. Time at or near VO2max during continuous and intermittent running. A review with special reference to considerations for the optimisation of training protocols to elicit the longest time at or near VO2max. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2006 Mar;46(1):1-14.
- Background: PubMed 16823345Midgley AW, Mc Naughton LR, Wilkinson M. Criteria and other methodological considerations in the evaluation of time at V.O2max. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2006 Jun;46(2):183-8.
- Background: PubMed 30653425Raimundo JAG, Turnes T, de Aguiar RA, Lisboa FD, Loch T, Ribeiro G, Caputo F. The Severe Exercise Domain Amplitude: A Comparison Between Endurance Runners and Cyclists. Res Q Exerc Sport. 2019 Mar;90(1):3-13. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2018.1549356. Epub 2019 Jan 17.
- Background: PubMed 26373721Turnes T, de Aguiar RA, Cruz RS, Caputo F. Interval training in the boundaries of severe domain: effects on aerobic parameters. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2016 Jan;116(1):161-9. doi: 10.1007/s00421-015-3263-0. Epub 2015 Sep 15.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided. The data will be presented as a group (training protocol), but data from representative subjects may be presented if they add relevant information.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
João G Raimundo, PhD principal investigator
Member of Human Performance Research Group
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Exercise training in people with VO2max, run by University of the State of Santa Catarina at 1 site in Brazil.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 24 Feb 2023. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Brazil. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Maximal oxygen uptake (time frame: Change at Maximal oxygen uptake after two weeks). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05742542, which also lists 8 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 24 Feb 2023.