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Stress Reaction; AcuteNCT05820659

Racial Discrimination and Stress Response

A study testing peer rejection task, conversation about peer rejection, and impossible puzzle task in people with Stress Reaction; Acute, run by Western Kentucky University at 1 site in United States.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

The goal of this study is to learn about whether ethnic minority adolescents' racial discrimination experience is related to dysregulated biological responses to subtle racism, and how the relationship may be attenuated or exacerbated by a set of social and cognitive factors. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 9 to 99 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for
Stress Reaction; Acute
What is being tested?
peer rejection task, conversation about peer rejection, and impossible puzzle task
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
178 participants
Where
1 siteUnited States
Study dates
29 Jun 2023to 17 Nov 2024
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 9 to 99 years
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Child, Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • 9-14 years old
  • identified as Latino American or Black/African American
  • Living in Warren county of Kentucky
  • with parent consent
  • parents of adolescent participants

Who cannot join

  • Adolescents will not participate in the peer rejection task when they report to have:
  • frequent experiences of peer victimization
  • frequent experiences of racial discrimination
  • severe depression
  • severe social anxiety disorder
  • severe generalized anxiety disorder
  • limited English reading competence to understand the task instruction

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United States1 site
  • Western Kentucky University

    Bowling Green, Kentucky, 42101

Other trials in United States

About this study

Official title: Racial Discrimination and Dysregulated Stress Response: Risk/Protective Factors

The goal of this study is to learn about whether ethnic minority adolescents' racial discrimination experience is related to dysregulated biological responses to subtle racism, and how the relationship may be attenuated or exacerbated by a set of social and cognitive factors. The main questions it aims to answer are:

  • to reveal the relationship between racial discrimination experiences and ethnic minority adolescents' stress response to subtle racism
  • to test parental ethnic-racial socialization, children's attribution to subtle racism and their racial identity as potential risk and protective factors.
Read the detailed description

Racial discrimination experiences constitute significant risks for ethnic minority youth's physical and mental health problems. One explanation poses that chronic stress can lead to altered, dysregulated stress responses, which can make individuals susceptible to health problems. Currently, there is no experimental study that comprehensively measure ethnic minority youth's stress response to subtle racism, or investigate the contributing roles of racial discrimination experience and possible risk and protective factors.

A community sample of 9-14-year-old ethnic minority adolescents (40 Latino American, 40 Black/African American) will be recruited. The study employs an adapted peer rejection task which has been widely used with youth, and carefully designed to elicit the experience of subtle racial discrimination from White peers. Adolescents' cardiovascular activity and saliva samples will be taken at multiple time points before, during, and after the peer rejection task, tapping on response involving hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, autonomic nervous system (ANS), and inflammatory mediator (IM). Adolescents will report their racial discrimination experience, make attribution about the peer rejection experience, report emotional experience, and rate their racial identity. Adolescents will complete an impossible puzzle task to elicit cognitive stress, during which they will be asked to fit all puzzle pieces into a wooden frame with a wrong piece provided. Their cardiovascular activity, attribution, and emotional experience in response to the impossible puzzle task will be measured. Parents will complete a questionnaire to report their ethnic-racial socialization practices. Adolescents will rate on their ethnic-racial identity via a questionnaire.

The goals of this proposal are: 1) Reveal the relationship between racial discrimination experiences and ethnic minority adolescents' stress response to subtle racism as well as to cognitive stress; and 2) Test parental ethnic-racial socialization, children's attribution to subtle racism and their racial identity as potential risk and protective factors.

Being tested
peer rejection task, conversation about peer rejection, and impossible puzzle task
Keywords
cardiovascular reactivity, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, inflammatory mediator, subtle racism
Medical subject headings
Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • peer rejection task, conversation about peer rejection, and impossible puzzle taskBehavioural

    Peer rejection task: Adolescents will be informed that two peers will take turns to choose who they will chat with for different topics. Participants will not be chosen by virtual White peers 75% of the time. In reality, White peers are computerized avatars and whether or not adolescents are chosen by those peers is programmed with PsychoPy software.

    Conversation about peer rejection: parents and adolescents will discuss the peer rejection task guided with suggested question prompts.

    Impossible puzzle task: Adolescents will be asked to fit all puzzle pieces into a wooden frame with a wrong piece provided.

Study groups in NCT05820659
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
stress inducing taskExperimentalAdolescents will complete an adapted peer rejection task on the computer to elicit the experience of subtle racial discrimination from White peers, then discuss the peer rejection task with parents, as well as an impossible puzzle task to elicit cognitive stress.
Receives: Behavioral: peer rejection task, conversation about peer rejection, and impossible puzzle task

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Change in Mean Arterial Pressure for Peer Rejection

    adolescents' diastolic and systolic blood pressure will be continuously monitored.

    Measured: baseline (5 minute before to right before the task), during (start to the end of the task), and post-task (right after to 45 minutes after the peer rejection task)

  2. Change in Stress Hormones for Peer Rejection

    adolescents' salivary samples will be collected, frozen, and assayed for cortisol.

    Measured: five time points (right before, 5 minutes after, 15 minutes after, 30 minutes after, and 45 minutes after the peer rejection task)

  3. Change in Inflammatory Biomarker of Interleukin 6 for Peer Rejection

    adolescents' salivary samples will be collected, frozen, and assayed for inflammatory biomarker of Interleukin-6

    Measured: five time points (right before, 5 minutes after, 15 minutes after, 30 minutes after, and 45 minutes after the peer rejection task)

  4. Change in Inflammatory Biomarker of C-reactive Protein for Peer Rejection

    adolescents' salivary samples will be collected, frozen, and assayed for inflammatory biomarker of C-reactive protein

    Measured: adolescents' salivary samples will be collected at five time points (right before, 5 minutes after, 15 minutes after, 30 minutes after, and 45 minutes after the peer rejection task)

  5. Attribution About the Peer Rejection for Peer Rejection

    participants will complete the questionnaire, Attribution About The Peer Rejection (AATPR) to rate the likelihood of various reasons for the experience of peer rejection using a 7-point scale. The higher total score for the 4 racial reasons (possible range: 4-28) indicates the higher tendency of making racial attribution about the peer rejection.

    Measured: immediately after the 5-minute peer rejection task ends

  6. Emotional Experience for Peer Rejection

    adolescents will complete the questionnaire, Emotions In The Peer Rejection (EITPR) to rate the emotional experiences in the peer rejection task using a 7-point scale. The higher total score for 5 sets of emotion terms (possible range: 5-35) indicates the higher levels of negative emotions in the peer rejection task.

    Measured: immediately after the 5-minute peer rejection task ends

  7. Change in Skin Conductance Activity for Peer Rejection

    adolescents' skin conductance will be continuously monitored for the peer rejection task.

    Measured: baseline (5 minutes before to right before the task), during (start to end of the task), first post-task (right after to 15 minutes after) and second post-task (15 to 45 minutes after) the peer rejection task

  8. Change in Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia for Peer Rejection

    adolescents' electrocardiogram data that can be used to extract respiratory sinus arrhythmia, heart rate variability in synchrony with respiration, will be continuously monitored for the peer rejection task.

    Measured: baseline (5 minutes before to right before the task), during (start to the end of the task), first post-task (right after to 15 minutes after the task) and second post-task (15 to 45 minutes after the task)

Secondary outcomes (8)
  1. Change in Mean Arterial Pressure for Impossible Puzzle

    adolescents' systolic and diastolic blood pressure will be continuously monitored for the impossible puzzle task

    Measured: baseline (5 minutes before to right before the task), during (start to end of the task), and post-task (right after to 15 minutes after the task)

  2. Emotional Experience for Impossible Puzzle

    adolescents will complete the questionnaire, Emotions In The Impossible Puzzle (EITIP) to rate the emotional experiences in the impossible puzzle task using a 7-point scale. The higher total score for 5 sets of emotion terms (possible range: 5-35) indicates the higher levels of negative emotions in the impossible puzzle task

    Measured: immediately after the 5-minute impossible puzzle task ends

  3. Attribution for Impossible Puzzle

    adolescents will complete the questionnaire, Attribution About The Impossible Puzzle (AATIP) to rate the likelihood of various reasons for the experience of not being able to complete the puzzle using a 7-point scale. The higher total score for the 3 intrinsic reasons (possible range: 3-21) indicates the higher tendency of making intrinsic attribution about performance in the impossible puzzle task.

    Measured: immediately after the 5-minute impossible puzzle task ends

  4. Change in Skin Conductance for Impossible Puzzle

    adolescents' skin conductance will be continuously monitored for the impossible puzzle task

    Measured: baseline (5 minutes before to right before the task), during (start to end of the task), and post (right after to 15 minutes after the task)

  5. Change in Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia for Impossible Puzzle

    adolescents' electrocardiogram data that can be used to extract respiratory sinus arrhythmia, heart rate variability in synchrony with respiration, will be continuously monitored for the impossible puzzle task

    Measured: baseline (5 minutes before to right before the task), during (start to end of the task), and post-task (right after to 15 minutes after the task)

  6. Change in Mean Arterial Pressure for Conversation About Peer Rejection

    adolescents' diastolic and systolic blood pressure will be continuously monitored.

    Measured: baseline (2.5 minute of discussion about last night's dinner before the conversation about peer rejection), during (5 minutes about the peer rejection task)

  7. Change in Skin Conductance Activity in Conversation About Peer Rejection

    adolescents' skin conductance level will be continuously monitored before and during the conversation about peer rejection.

    Measured: baseline (2.5 minutes about last night's dinner before the conversation about peer rejection), during (5 minutes discussion about peer rejection)

  8. Change in Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia for Conversation About Peer Rejection

    adolescents' electrocardiogram data that can be used to extract respiratory sinus arrhythmia, heart rate variability in synchrony with respiration, will be continuously monitored for the conversation about peer rejection

    Measured: Baseline (2.5 minutes of discussion on last night's dinner before the conversation about peer rejection), during the task (5 minutes of discussion on peer rejection task)

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted20 Apr 2023
  2. Study start29 Jun 2023
  3. Primary completion17 Nov 2024
  4. Study completion17 Nov 2024

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Basic science
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
178 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT05820659
Sponsor's protocol ID
U5GMACGETKJ1
Status last verified
Aug 2026
First submitted
29 Mar 2023
Last updated
17 Aug 2026
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
Yes: The research resources from the project will include the study protocol and associated data, which will be provided upon request.

Publications

  • Lucas T, Wegner R, Pierce J, Lumley MA, Laurent HK, Granger DA. Perceived Discrimination, Racial Identity, and Multisystem Stress Response to Social Evaluative Threat Among African American Men and Women. Psychosom Med. 2017 Apr;79(3):293-305. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000406.

    PubMed 27806018
  • Silk JS, Stroud LR, Siegle GJ, Dahl RE, Lee KH, Nelson EE. Peer acceptance and rejection through the eyes of youth: pupillary, eyetracking and ecological data from the Chatroom Interact task. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2012 Jan;7(1):93-105. doi: 10.1093/scan/nsr044. Epub 2011 Jul 20.

    PubMed 21775386
  • Sladek MR, Castro SA, Doane LD. Ethnic-Racial discrimination experiences predict Latinx adolescents' physiological stress processes across college transition. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2021 Jun;128:105212. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105212. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

    PubMed 33933893

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing peer rejection task, conversation about peer rejection, and impossible puzzle task in people with Stress Reaction; Acute, run by Western Kentucky University at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 17 Aug 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 17 Aug 2026). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Change in Mean Arterial Pressure for Peer Rejection (time frame: baseline (5 minute before to right before the task), during (start to the end of the task), and post-task (right after to 45 minutes after the peer rejection task)). The study lists 8 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05820659, which also lists 3 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 17 Aug 2026.

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