Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) ProtocolNCT06010225
Effects of Implementing an ERAS Protocol
An observational study of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Protocol and Colorectal Surgery, run by Ridho Ardhi Syaiful at 1 site in Indonesia.
Trial summary
Introduction: Successful colorectal surgery is determined based on postoperative mortality and morbidity rates, complication rates, and cost-effectiveness. One of the methods to obtain an excellent postoperative outcome is the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Protocol, Colorectal Surgery, Effectivity
- How many people
- 84 participants
- Where
- 1 siteIndonesia
- Study dates
- 1 May 2020to 1 May 2023
- How long will I take part?
- 30 Days
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: Colorectal cancer patients undergoing surgery at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital
Who may be able to join
- maximum of two different comorbidities
- body mass index above 18.5 kg/m2
- ASA below 2
Who cannot join
- More than 2 comorbidities
- Refused to take part in the research
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Indonesia1 site
Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital
Jakarta Pusat, DKI Jakarta, 10440
About this study
Official title: The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Protocol Implementation in a National Tertiary-level Hospital: A Prospective Cohort Study
Introduction: Successful colorectal surgery is determined based on postoperative mortality and morbidity rates, complication rates, and cost-effectiveness. One of the methods to obtain an excellent postoperative outcome is the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol. This study aims to see the effects of implementing an ERAS protocol in colorectal surgery patients.
Methods: Eighty-four patients who underwent elective colorectal surgery at National Tertiary-level Hospital were included between January 2021 and July 2022. Patients were then placed into ERAS and control groups according to the criteria. The Patients in the ERAS group underwent a customized 18-component ERAS protocol and were assessed for adherence. Postoperatively, both groups were monitored for up to 30 days and assessed for complications and readmission. The investigators then analyzed the length of stay and total patient costs in both groups.
Read the detailed description
The investigators aimed to determine whether applying the ERAS protocol to patients undergoing colorectal surgery could improve surgical outcomes (length of stay, complications, readmission, and total costs) in the National Tertiary Hospital clinical setting.
This prospective cohort study to analyze the implementation of ERAS protocol in colorectal patients and its effect on length of stay, readmission rate, complications, and costs in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, an Indonesian tertiary-level hospital, from January 2021 to July 2022. ERAS protocol used in this study was arranged based on the guidelines of the ERAS ® Society, with certain adjustments made to fit Indonesia's population characteristics. The sampling process was performed for all patients undergoing elective colorectal surgeries in The Central Surgery Room during the study period, who continued their medical care at Integrated Medical Ward Unit and fulfilled all inclusion and exclusion criteria. In this study, the investigators also used a multidisciplinary team approach that carried out various protocol points in all phases, according to their areas of expertise. This team comprised surgeons, anesthesiologists, physical medicine, internists, rehabilitation specialists, general physicians, dietitians, nurses, pharmacists, surgery admission staff, medical record staff, and hospital administration staff.
Study participants The investigators evaluated patients in two different groups: ERAS and non-ERAS. In both groups, the investigators included patients who underwent elective/non-emergency colorectal surgery above 18 years of age, with a maximum of two different comorbidities to minimize postoperative complications, a body mass index above 18.5 kg/m2, and an ASA below 2. In the ERAS group, patients were first evaluated for eligibility for the ERAS protocol and their willingness to follow a series of ERAS protocols at the outpatient clinic of the Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. The Patients registered in the ERAS group followed the protocol of the ERAS research team. For the control group, patients selected through examination in the outpatient clinic would undergo conventional/traditional surgery.
The sample size was calculated using an unpaired numerical, analytical research sample size formula, with an alpha of 5%, a beta of 10%, a combined standard deviation of four based on previous studies, and an assumed mean outcome difference of 3. To obtain a minimum sample size for each group of 37 subjects.
Outcomes The primary outcomes of this study were: (1) the length of hospitalization, (2) postoperative complications, (3) readmission rate, and (4) total medical costs. The length of hospitalization was calculated from the day of admission to the hospital ward until discharge. Postoperative complications were defined as infection on the surgical site or systemic infection, wound dehiscence, and other complications found after surgery. The readmission rate was calculated from discharge to one month after surgery. Total medical costs were calculated based on direct medical costs recorded in the hospital billing data. The currency was converted from Indonesian Rupiah (IDR) to US dollars (USD) based on the September 1, 2022, conversion rate of USD 1 = IDR 14,200.
In addition, the investigators assessed the adherence of patients in the ERAS group to the ERAS protocol. Each implemented protocol component was recorded, and the number of protocols that could be implemented for each patient was calculated. The adherence to the eighteen ERAS protocols was grouped into: <90%, 90-95%, 96-100% for readmission, complications, length of stay <7 days, and costs < USD 3,000 for patients in the ERAS group based on a previous study. The controlled price of USD 3,000 is determined based on hospital's average cost of the non-ERAS group.
- Conditions
- Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Protocol, Colorectal Surgery, Effectivity, Colorectal Neoplasms, Colorectal Cancer
- Keywords
- Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol, Outcome, colorectal surgery
- Medical subject headings
- Colorectal Neoplasms
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| ERAS group | Patients who met the inclusion criteria and consented were assigned to the ERAS group | |
| control group | Patients who met the inclusion criteria and did not consent were assigned to the ERAS group |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
length of hospitalization
The length of hospitalization was calculated from the day of admission to the hospital ward until the discharge
Measured: day 1 until day 30
postoperative complications
Postoperative complications were defined as infection on the surgical site or systemic infection, wound dehiscence, and other complications found after surgery
Measured: day 1 until day 30
readmission rate
The readmission rate was calculated from discharge to one month after surgery.
Measured: day 1 until day 30
Total medical costs
Total medical costs were calculated based on direct medical costs recorded in the hospital billing data. The currency was converted from Indonesian Rupiah (IDR) to US dollars (USD) based on the September 1, 2022, conversion rate of USD 1 = IDR 14,200.
Measured: day 1 until day 30
Secondary outcomes (1)
adherence to the ERAS protocols
The adherence to the eighteen ERAS protocols was grouped into: <90%, 90-95%, 96-100% for readmission, complications, length of stay <7 days, and costs < USD 3,000 for patients in the ERAS group based on a previous study
Measured: day 1 until day 30
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted24 Aug 2023
- Study start1 May 2020
- Primary completion10 Jan 2022
- Study completion1 May 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (7)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) ProtocolStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 84 participants (actual)
- Target duration
- 30 Days
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Ridho Ardhi Syaiful
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Ridho Ardhi Syaiful, Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06010225
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- DRCiptoMGH
- Status last verified
- Aug 2023
- First submitted
- 18 Jul 2023
- Last updated
- 24 Aug 2023
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Publications
Andreoni B, Chiappa A, Bertani E, Bellomi M, Orecchia R, Zampino M, Fazio N, Venturino M, Orsi F, Sonzogni A, Pace U, Monfardini L. Surgical outcomes for colon and rectal cancer over a decade: results from a consecutive monocentric experience in 902 unselected patients. World J Surg Oncol. 2007 Jul 4;5:73. doi: 10.1186/1477-7819-5-73.
PubMed 17610720Tevis SE, Kennedy GD. Postoperative Complications: Looking Forward to a Safer Future. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 2016 Sep;29(3):246-52. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1584501.
PubMed 27582650Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018 Nov;68(6):394-424. doi: 10.3322/caac.21492. Epub 2018 Sep 12.
PubMed 30207593Alves A, Panis Y, Mathieu P, Mantion G, Kwiatkowski F, Slim K; Association Francaise de Chirurgie. Postoperative mortality and morbidity in French patients undergoing colorectal surgery: results of a prospective multicenter study. Arch Surg. 2005 Mar;140(3):278-83, discussion 284. doi: 10.1001/archsurg.140.3.278.
PubMed 15781793Tan JKH, Ang JJ, Chan DKH. Enhanced recovery program versus conventional care after colorectal surgery in the geriatric population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Surg Endosc. 2021 Jun;35(6):3166-3174. doi: 10.1007/s00464-020-07673-7. Epub 2020 May 28.
PubMed 32468264Miller TE, Thacker JK, White WD, Mantyh C, Migaly J, Jin J, Roche AM, Eisenstein EL, Edwards R, Anstrom KJ, Moon RE, Gan TJ; Enhanced Recovery Study Group. Reduced length of hospital stay in colorectal surgery after implementation of an enhanced recovery protocol. Anesth Analg. 2014 May;118(5):1052-61. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000000206.
PubMed 24781574Li L, Jin J, Min S, Liu D, Liu L. Compliance with the enhanced recovery after surgery protocol and prognosis after colorectal cancer surgery: A prospective cohort study. Oncotarget. 2017 Jun 22;8(32):53531-53541. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.18602. eCollection 2017 Aug 8.
PubMed 28881829
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 24 Aug 2023. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Protocol Implementation in a National Tertiary-level Hospital: A Prospective Cohort Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06010225
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- DRCiptoMGH
- Conditions
- Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Protocol, Colorectal Surgery, Effectivity, Colorectal Neoplasms, Colorectal Cancer
- Keywords
- Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol, Outcome, colorectal surgery
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 84 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Ridho Ardhi SyaifulUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 May 2020 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 10 Jan 2022 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 May 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 24 Aug 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Introduction: Successful colorectal surgery is determined based on postoperative mortality and morbidity rates, complication rates, and cost-effectiveness. One of the methods to obtain an excellent postoperative outcome is the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol. This study aims to see the effects of implementing an ERAS protocol in colorectal surgery patients.
Methods: Eighty-four patients who underwent elective colorectal surgery at National Tertiary-level Hospital were included between January 2021 and July 2022. Patients were then placed into ERAS and control groups according to the criteria. The Patients in the ERAS group underwent a customized 18-component ERAS protocol and were assessed for adherence. Postoperatively, both groups were monitored for up to 30 days and assessed for complications and readmission. The investigators then analyzed the length of stay and total patient costs in both groups.
Detailed description
The investigators aimed to determine whether applying the ERAS protocol to patients undergoing colorectal surgery could improve surgical outcomes (length of stay, complications, readmission, and total costs) in the National Tertiary Hospital clinical setting.
This prospective cohort study to analyze the implementation of ERAS protocol in colorectal patients and its effect on length of stay, readmission rate, complications, and costs in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, an Indonesian tertiary-level hospital, from January 2021 to July 2022. ERAS protocol used in this study was arranged based on the guidelines of the ERAS ® Society, with certain adjustments made to fit Indonesia's population characteristics. The sampling process was performed for all patients undergoing elective colorectal surgeries in The Central Surgery Room during the study period, who continued their medical care at Integrated Medical Ward Unit and fulfilled all inclusion and exclusion criteria. In this study, the investigators also used a multidisciplinary team approach that carried out various protocol points in all phases, according to their areas of expertise. This team comprised surgeons, anesthesiologists, physical medicine, internists, rehabilitation specialists, general physicians, dietitians, nurses, pharmacists, surgery admission staff, medical record staff, and hospital administration staff.
Study participants The investigators evaluated patients in two different groups: ERAS and non-ERAS. In both groups, the investigators included patients who underwent elective/non-emergency colorectal surgery above 18 years of age, with a maximum of two different comorbidities to minimize postoperative complications, a body mass index above 18.5 kg/m2, and an ASA below 2. In the ERAS group, patients were first evaluated for eligibility for the ERAS protocol and their willingness to follow a series of ERAS protocols at the outpatient clinic of the Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. The Patients registered in the ERAS group followed the protocol of the ERAS research team. For the control group, patients selected through examination in the outpatient clinic would undergo conventional/traditional surgery.
The sample size was calculated using an unpaired numerical, analytical research sample size formula, with an alpha of 5%, a beta of 10%, a combined standard deviation of four based on previous studies, and an assumed mean outcome difference of 3. To obtain a minimum sample size for each group of 37 subjects.
Outcomes The primary outcomes of this study were: (1) the length of hospitalization, (2) postoperative complications, (3) readmission rate, and (4) total medical costs. The length of hospitalization was calculated from the day of admission to the hospital ward until discharge. Postoperative complications were defined as infection on the surgical site or systemic infection, wound dehiscence, and other complications found after surgery. The readmission rate was calculated from discharge to one month after surgery. Total medical costs were calculated based on direct medical costs recorded in the hospital billing data. The currency was converted from Indonesian Rupiah (IDR) to US dollars (USD) based on the September 1, 2022, conversion rate of USD 1 = IDR 14,200.
In addition, the investigators assessed the adherence of patients in the ERAS group to the ERAS protocol. Each implemented protocol component was recorded, and the number of protocols that could be implemented for each patient was calculated. The adherence to the eighteen ERAS protocols was grouped into: <90%, 90-95%, 96-100% for readmission, complications, length of stay <7 days, and costs < USD 3,000 for patients in the ERAS group based on a previous study. The controlled price of USD 3,000 is determined based on hospital's average cost of the non-ERAS group.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Target follow-up
- 30 Days
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| ERAS group | – | –Patients who met the inclusion criteria and consented were assigned to the ERAS group |
| control group | – | –Patients who met the inclusion criteria and did not consent were assigned to the ERAS group |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- Colorectal cancer patients undergoing surgery at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- maximum of two different comorbidities
- body mass index above 18.5 kg/m2
- ASA below 2
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- More than 2 comorbidities
- Refused to take part in the research
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
length of hospitalization
Time frame: day 1 until day 30
The length of hospitalization was calculated from the day of admission to the hospital ward until the discharge
postoperative complications
Time frame: day 1 until day 30
Postoperative complications were defined as infection on the surgical site or systemic infection, wound dehiscence, and other complications found after surgery
readmission rate
Time frame: day 1 until day 30
The readmission rate was calculated from discharge to one month after surgery.
Total medical costs
Time frame: day 1 until day 30
Total medical costs were calculated based on direct medical costs recorded in the hospital billing data. The currency was converted from Indonesian Rupiah (IDR) to US dollars (USD) based on the September 1, 2022, conversion rate of USD 1 = IDR 14,200.
1 secondary outcome
adherence to the ERAS protocols
Time frame: day 1 until day 30
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 24 Aug 2023.
- Background: PubMed 17610720Andreoni B, Chiappa A, Bertani E, Bellomi M, Orecchia R, Zampino M, Fazio N, Venturino M, Orsi F, Sonzogni A, Pace U, Monfardini L. Surgical outcomes for colon and rectal cancer over a decade: results from a consecutive monocentric experience in 902 unselected patients. World J Surg Oncol. 2007 Jul 4;5:73. doi: 10.1186/1477-7819-5-73.
- Background: PubMed 27582650Tevis SE, Kennedy GD. Postoperative Complications: Looking Forward to a Safer Future. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 2016 Sep;29(3):246-52. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1584501.
- Background: PubMed 30207593Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018 Nov;68(6):394-424. doi: 10.3322/caac.21492. Epub 2018 Sep 12.
- Background: PubMed 15781793Alves A, Panis Y, Mathieu P, Mantion G, Kwiatkowski F, Slim K; Association Francaise de Chirurgie. Postoperative mortality and morbidity in French patients undergoing colorectal surgery: results of a prospective multicenter study. Arch Surg. 2005 Mar;140(3):278-83, discussion 284. doi: 10.1001/archsurg.140.3.278.
- Background: PubMed 32468264Tan JKH, Ang JJ, Chan DKH. Enhanced recovery program versus conventional care after colorectal surgery in the geriatric population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Surg Endosc. 2021 Jun;35(6):3166-3174. doi: 10.1007/s00464-020-07673-7. Epub 2020 May 28.
- Background: PubMed 24781574Miller TE, Thacker JK, White WD, Mantyh C, Migaly J, Jin J, Roche AM, Eisenstein EL, Edwards R, Anstrom KJ, Moon RE, Gan TJ; Enhanced Recovery Study Group. Reduced length of hospital stay in colorectal surgery after implementation of an enhanced recovery protocol. Anesth Analg. 2014 May;118(5):1052-61. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000000206.
- Background: PubMed 28881829Li L, Jin J, Min S, Liu D, Liu L. Compliance with the enhanced recovery after surgery protocol and prognosis after colorectal cancer surgery: A prospective cohort study. Oncotarget. 2017 Jun 22;8(32):53531-53541. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.18602. eCollection 2017 Aug 8.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Protocol and Colorectal Surgery, run by Ridho Ardhi Syaiful at 1 site in Indonesia.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 24 Aug 2023. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Indonesia. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
length of hospitalization (time frame: day 1 until day 30). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06010225, which also lists 7 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 24 Aug 2023.