AthletesNCT06072469
Comparison of Shoulder Range of Motion and Isometric Strength Before and After a Single Badminton Match in Young Elite Badminton Players of Rawalpindi.
An observational study of Athletes, run by Yusra Medical and Dental College at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
The goal of this study is to compare the result of shoulder ranges of motion and isometric strength before and after a single badminton match in young elite badminton players of Rawalpindi. This is an observational study. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 16 to 30 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Athletes
- How many people
- 56 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 4 Sep 2023to 26 Feb 2024
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 16 to 30 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult
Study population: We are taking the badminton players with no prior history of shoulder injury or immobility, only elite badminton players, players that are between the age of 16-30 years only and both male and female players.
Who may be able to join
- No prior history of shoulder injury or immobility.
- Only elite badminton players
- Players between the age of 16-30 years only.
- Both male and female players.
Who cannot join
- Participants that have any prior surgical history of the upper limb.
- Participants who play other sports along with badminton.
- Players having any nerve injury or brachial plexus injury.
- Individuals who have systemic joint disease.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Pakistan1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Maham Nasir
Rawalpindi, Federal, 46000
Maham Nasir, MSOMPT, 03065091652, mahamnasir7@gmail.com
About this study
The goal of this study is to compare the result of shoulder ranges of motion and isometric strength before and after a single badminton match in young elite badminton players of Rawalpindi. This is an observational study. The main questions it aims to answer is; Does the shoulder ranges of motion and isometric strength increases or decreases before and after a single badminton match. ROM and Isometric strength will be performed on the participants.
Read the detailed description
Badminton is a worldwide popular racquet sport. In badminton, the player uses a variety of multidirectional movement patterns quickly in succession to execute defensive/counterattacking retrievals or construct offensive plays. Although badminton is considered a relatively safe sport, shoulder injuries are very common among both recreational and competitive players.
Badminton injuries are most common of all sports injuries. To meet the functional requirements of their particular activity, overhead athletes need to maintain a careful balance of shoulder mobility and stability. It has been noted that overhead athletes have altered shoulder mobility, which is assumed to arise from adaptive structural alterations to the joint brought on by the high physiological demands of overhead activity.
The scapulothoracic articulation and the glenohumeral joint make up the shoulder complex, which divides the range of motion and increases it. This composition places the glenoid beneath the humeral head to support some of the arm's weight, allowing the implicated muscles to perform in the most productive portion of their length-tension curve.
In the scientific literature, studies on injuries and trauma related to badminton predominate however, some authors report that there are few scientific studies on the relationship between non-serious injuries such as overuse injuries and the history of shoulder pain. Shoulder pain is a very common musculoskeletal complaint in recreational, national, and international competitive players.
Shoulder instability encompasses a spectrum of diseases ranging from subluxation to frank dislocation. While a lot of instability occurrences happen after trauma, instability can also result through recurrent attenuation of the capsuloligamentous structures near the shoulder.
During subluxation, the humeral head translates beyond normal physiological limits, but maintains contact with the glenoid, often resulting in translation to, but not beyond the glenoid rim. While subluxation is often overlooked, it can be problematic, especially in overhead athletes.
Shoulder girdle motion is complex and involves synchronous movement of the scapula, clavicle, and humerus. Two-dimensional (2D and more recently three dimensional (3D) measurement techniques have been used to describe this motion. As the arm is raised, the generally accepted pattern of motion at the shoulder is as follows; the scapula upwardly rotates, posteriorly tilts, and externally rotates; the clavicle elevates and retracts; and the humerus elevates and externally rotates. This coordinated motion, which is reliant on capsulo-ligamentous structures and neuromuscular control, is crucial for the shoulder girdle's correct operation.
There is currently insufficient research on the causes of shoulder pain in badminton players, as far as we could find in our search. Increased age, shorter height, hard training intensity, and more training hours per week, were found to be risk factors for shoulder pain in studies on other overhead motion sports, such as baseball.
There is very limited research purely investigating the short-term effect of overhead play such as single badminton matches. Hence, this study aims to analyze the effects of a single badminton match on young elite players of Rawalpindi and how it affects day-to-day shoulder movement in players.
- Conditions
- Athletes
- Keywords
- ROM, Isometric Strength, Single Match
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Shoulder Range of Motion
Shoulder range of motion (ROM) refers to the ability of the shoulder joint to move through its full and natural range of movement. A goniometer is one of the widely used instruments for measuring the ranges of motion. The angle obtained by lining up the goniometer's arms with bony landmarks accurately depicts the angle formed by the proximal and distal bones that make up the joint.
The normal range for shoulder internal rotation is: 0-70 degrees, external rotation: 0-90 degrees , abduction: 0-180 degrees , adduction: 180-0 degrees , flexion:0-180 degrees , extension: 0-60 degrees.
Measured: 1 week
Shoulder Isometric Strength
Manual muscle testing is used for testing the muscle strength. There are total 6 grades of manual muscle testing; 0-5.
0 indicates no visible contraction, 1 indicates visible palpation without motion, 2 indicates full range of motion with gravity eliminated, 3 indicates full range of motion against gravity, 4 indicates full range of motion against gravity and moderate resistance, 5 indicates full range of motion against gravity with maximal resistance.
Measured: 1 week
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted10 Oct 2023
- Study start4 Sep 2023
- Primary completion28 Dec 2023 (estimated)
- Study completion26 Feb 2024 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (16)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for AthletesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Other
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Enrolment
- 56 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Yusra Medical and Dental College
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Maham Nasir, Yusra Medical and Dental College
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06072469
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- ROM
- Status last verified
- Oct 2023
- First submitted
- 18 Sep 2023
- Last updated
- 10 Oct 2023
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Fu L, Ren F, Baker JS. Comparison of Joint Loading in Badminton Lunging between Professional and Amateur Badminton Players. Appl Bionics Biomech. 2017;2017:5397656. doi: 10.1155/2017/5397656. Epub 2017 Jun 13.
PubMed 28694684Chua MT, Chow KM, Lum D, Tay AWH, Goh WX, Ihsan M, Aziz AR. Effectiveness of On-Court Resistive Warm-Ups on Change of Direction Speed and Smash Velocity during a Simulated Badminton Match Play in Well-Trained Players. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2021 Sep 27;6(4):81. doi: 10.3390/jfmk6040081.
PubMed 34698234Hoskin AK, Watson S, Kamalden TA. Badminton-related eye injuries: a systematic review. Inj Prev. 2023 Apr;29(2):116-120. doi: 10.1136/ip-2022-044564. Epub 2022 Dec 23.
PubMed 36564168Cejudo A. Risk Factors for, and Prediction of, Shoulder Pain in Young Badminton Players: A Prospective Cohort Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Oct 12;19(20):13095. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192013095.
PubMed 36293672DeFroda SF, Goyal D, Patel N, Gupta N, Mulcahey MK. Shoulder Instability in the Overhead Athlete. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2018 Sep;17(9):308-314. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0000000000000517.
PubMed 30204635Fernandez-Fernandez J, Lopez-Valenciano A, Garcia-Tormo JV, Cabello-Manrique D, Garcia-Lopez J. Acute Effects of 2 Consecutive Simulated Badminton Matches on the Shoulder Range of Motion and Isometric Strength of Elite Youth Players. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2021 Oct 1;16(10):1447-1453. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2020-0659. Epub 2021 Mar 10.
PubMed 33691283Conable KM, Rosner AL. A narrative review of manual muscle testing and implications for muscle testing research. J Chiropr Med. 2011 Sep;10(3):157-65. doi: 10.1016/j.jcm.2011.04.001. Epub 2011 Aug 9.
PubMed 22014904Couppe C, Thorborg K, Hansen M, Fahlstrom M, Bjordal JM, Nielsen D, Baun M, Storgaard M, Magnusson SP. Shoulder rotational profiles in young healthy elite female and male badminton players. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2014 Feb;24(1):122-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2012.01480.x. Epub 2012 May 22.
PubMed 22616686Borsa PA, Laudner KG, Sauers EL. Mobility and stability adaptations in the shoulder of the overhead athlete: a theoretical and evidence-based perspective. Sports Med. 2008;38(1):17-36. doi: 10.2165/00007256-200838010-00003.
PubMed 18081365Wilk KE, Obma P, Simpson CD, Cain EL, Dugas JR, Andrews JR. Shoulder injuries in the overhead athlete. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2009 Feb;39(2):38-54. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2009.2929.
PubMed 19194026Kent BE. Functional anatomy of the shoulder complex. A review. Phys Ther. 1971 Aug;51(8):947. No abstract available.
PubMed 4997967Halder AM, Itoi E, An KN. Anatomy and biomechanics of the shoulder. Orthop Clin North Am. 2000 Apr;31(2):159-76. doi: 10.1016/s0030-5898(05)70138-3.
PubMed 10736387Abrams GD, Renstrom PA, Safran MR. Epidemiology of musculoskeletal injury in the tennis player. Br J Sports Med. 2012 Jun;46(7):492-8. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2012-091164. Epub 2012 May 25.
PubMed 22554841Ebaugh DD, McClure PW, Karduna AR. Effects of shoulder muscle fatigue caused by repetitive overhead activities on scapulothoracic and glenohumeral kinematics. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2006 Jun;16(3):224-35. doi: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2005.06.015. Epub 2005 Aug 24.
PubMed 16125416Tate A, Turner GN, Knab SE, Jorgensen C, Strittmatter A, Michener LA. Risk factors associated with shoulder pain and disability across the lifespan of competitive swimmers. J Athl Train. 2012 Mar-Apr;47(2):149-58. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-47.2.149.
PubMed 22488280
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 10 Oct 2023. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparison of Shoulder Range of Motion and Isometric Strength Before and After a Single Badminton Match in Young Elite Badminton Players of Rawalpindi.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06072469
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- ROM
- Conditions
- Athletes
- Keywords
- ROM, Isometric Strength, Single Match
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 56 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Yusra Medical and Dental CollegeUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 4 Sep 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 28 Dec 2023 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 26 Feb 2024 (estimated)
- First posted
- 10 Oct 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The goal of this study is to compare the result of shoulder ranges of motion and isometric strength before and after a single badminton match in young elite badminton players of Rawalpindi. This is an observational study. The main questions it aims to answer is; Does the shoulder ranges of motion and isometric strength increases or decreases before and after a single badminton match. ROM and Isometric strength will be performed on the participants.
Detailed description
Badminton is a worldwide popular racquet sport. In badminton, the player uses a variety of multidirectional movement patterns quickly in succession to execute defensive/counterattacking retrievals or construct offensive plays. Although badminton is considered a relatively safe sport, shoulder injuries are very common among both recreational and competitive players.
Badminton injuries are most common of all sports injuries. To meet the functional requirements of their particular activity, overhead athletes need to maintain a careful balance of shoulder mobility and stability. It has been noted that overhead athletes have altered shoulder mobility, which is assumed to arise from adaptive structural alterations to the joint brought on by the high physiological demands of overhead activity.
The scapulothoracic articulation and the glenohumeral joint make up the shoulder complex, which divides the range of motion and increases it. This composition places the glenoid beneath the humeral head to support some of the arm's weight, allowing the implicated muscles to perform in the most productive portion of their length-tension curve.
In the scientific literature, studies on injuries and trauma related to badminton predominate however, some authors report that there are few scientific studies on the relationship between non-serious injuries such as overuse injuries and the history of shoulder pain. Shoulder pain is a very common musculoskeletal complaint in recreational, national, and international competitive players.
Shoulder instability encompasses a spectrum of diseases ranging from subluxation to frank dislocation. While a lot of instability occurrences happen after trauma, instability can also result through recurrent attenuation of the capsuloligamentous structures near the shoulder.
During subluxation, the humeral head translates beyond normal physiological limits, but maintains contact with the glenoid, often resulting in translation to, but not beyond the glenoid rim. While subluxation is often overlooked, it can be problematic, especially in overhead athletes.
Shoulder girdle motion is complex and involves synchronous movement of the scapula, clavicle, and humerus. Two-dimensional (2D and more recently three dimensional (3D) measurement techniques have been used to describe this motion. As the arm is raised, the generally accepted pattern of motion at the shoulder is as follows; the scapula upwardly rotates, posteriorly tilts, and externally rotates; the clavicle elevates and retracts; and the humerus elevates and externally rotates. This coordinated motion, which is reliant on capsulo-ligamentous structures and neuromuscular control, is crucial for the shoulder girdle's correct operation.
There is currently insufficient research on the causes of shoulder pain in badminton players, as far as we could find in our search. Increased age, shorter height, hard training intensity, and more training hours per week, were found to be risk factors for shoulder pain in studies on other overhead motion sports, such as baseball.
There is very limited research purely investigating the short-term effect of overhead play such as single badminton matches. Hence, this study aims to analyze the effects of a single badminton match on young elite players of Rawalpindi and how it affects day-to-day shoulder movement in players.
Study design
- Observational model
- Other
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 16 to 30 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
- Study population
- We are taking the badminton players with no prior history of shoulder injury or immobility, only elite badminton players, players that are between the age of 16-30 years only and both male and female players.
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- No prior history of shoulder injury or immobility.
- Only elite badminton players
- Players between the age of 16-30 years only.
- Both male and female players.
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Participants that have any prior surgical history of the upper limb.
- Participants who play other sports along with badminton.
- Players having any nerve injury or brachial plexus injury.
- Individuals who have systemic joint disease.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
Shoulder Range of Motion
Time frame: 1 week
Shoulder range of motion (ROM) refers to the ability of the shoulder joint to move through its full and natural range of movement. A goniometer is one of the widely used instruments for measuring the ranges of motion. The angle obtained by lining up the goniometer's arms with bony landmarks accurately depicts the angle formed by the proximal and distal bones that make up the joint. The normal range for shoulder internal rotation is: 0-70 degrees, external rotation: 0-90 degrees , abduction: 0-180 degrees , adduction: 180-0 degrees , flexion:0-180 degrees , extension: 0-60 degrees.
Shoulder Isometric Strength
Time frame: 1 week
Manual muscle testing is used for testing the muscle strength. There are total 6 grades of manual muscle testing; 0-5. 0 indicates no visible contraction, 1 indicates visible palpation without motion, 2 indicates full range of motion with gravity eliminated, 3 indicates full range of motion against gravity, 4 indicates full range of motion against gravity and moderate resistance, 5 indicates full range of motion against gravity with maximal resistance.
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 10 Oct 2023.
- Background: PubMed 28694684Fu L, Ren F, Baker JS. Comparison of Joint Loading in Badminton Lunging between Professional and Amateur Badminton Players. Appl Bionics Biomech. 2017;2017:5397656. doi: 10.1155/2017/5397656. Epub 2017 Jun 13.
- Background: PubMed 34698234Chua MT, Chow KM, Lum D, Tay AWH, Goh WX, Ihsan M, Aziz AR. Effectiveness of On-Court Resistive Warm-Ups on Change of Direction Speed and Smash Velocity during a Simulated Badminton Match Play in Well-Trained Players. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2021 Sep 27;6(4):81. doi: 10.3390/jfmk6040081.
- Background: PubMed 36564168Hoskin AK, Watson S, Kamalden TA. Badminton-related eye injuries: a systematic review. Inj Prev. 2023 Apr;29(2):116-120. doi: 10.1136/ip-2022-044564. Epub 2022 Dec 23.
- Background: PubMed 36293672Cejudo A. Risk Factors for, and Prediction of, Shoulder Pain in Young Badminton Players: A Prospective Cohort Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Oct 12;19(20):13095. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192013095.
- Background: PubMed 30204635DeFroda SF, Goyal D, Patel N, Gupta N, Mulcahey MK. Shoulder Instability in the Overhead Athlete. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2018 Sep;17(9):308-314. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0000000000000517.
- Background: PubMed 33691283Fernandez-Fernandez J, Lopez-Valenciano A, Garcia-Tormo JV, Cabello-Manrique D, Garcia-Lopez J. Acute Effects of 2 Consecutive Simulated Badminton Matches on the Shoulder Range of Motion and Isometric Strength of Elite Youth Players. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2021 Oct 1;16(10):1447-1453. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2020-0659. Epub 2021 Mar 10.
- Background: PubMed 22014904Conable KM, Rosner AL. A narrative review of manual muscle testing and implications for muscle testing research. J Chiropr Med. 2011 Sep;10(3):157-65. doi: 10.1016/j.jcm.2011.04.001. Epub 2011 Aug 9.
- Background: PubMed 22616686Couppe C, Thorborg K, Hansen M, Fahlstrom M, Bjordal JM, Nielsen D, Baun M, Storgaard M, Magnusson SP. Shoulder rotational profiles in young healthy elite female and male badminton players. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2014 Feb;24(1):122-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2012.01480.x. Epub 2012 May 22.
- Background: PubMed 18081365Borsa PA, Laudner KG, Sauers EL. Mobility and stability adaptations in the shoulder of the overhead athlete: a theoretical and evidence-based perspective. Sports Med. 2008;38(1):17-36. doi: 10.2165/00007256-200838010-00003.
- Background: PubMed 19194026Wilk KE, Obma P, Simpson CD, Cain EL, Dugas JR, Andrews JR. Shoulder injuries in the overhead athlete. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2009 Feb;39(2):38-54. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2009.2929.
- Background: PubMed 4997967Kent BE. Functional anatomy of the shoulder complex. A review. Phys Ther. 1971 Aug;51(8):947. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 10736387Halder AM, Itoi E, An KN. Anatomy and biomechanics of the shoulder. Orthop Clin North Am. 2000 Apr;31(2):159-76. doi: 10.1016/s0030-5898(05)70138-3.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Athletes, run by Yusra Medical and Dental College at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 10 Oct 2023. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Maham Nasir, MSOMPT (03065091652, mahamnasir7@gmail.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Shoulder Range of Motion (time frame: 1 week). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06072469, which also lists 16 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 10 Oct 2023.