Test AnxietyNCT06187272
Effectiveness of Music Practical Examinations
A study testing Listening to music in people with Test Anxiety and Stress, run by Russell Sage College at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
College student anxiety is rising alarmingly and directly affects academics, occupations, and well-being. Occupational therapy (OT) students encounter a rigorous workload and pressure to become entry-level practitioners. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 19 to 34 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Test Anxiety, Stress
- What is being tested?
- Listening to music
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 74 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 7 Dec 2021to 28 Nov 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 19 to 34 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Graduate occupational therapy students enrolled in Functional Anatomy and Kinesiology or Physical Agent Modalities
Who cannot join
- Students not registered for Functional Anatomy and Kinesiology or Physical Agent Modalities
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Effectiveness of Music on the Performance of Graduate Occupational Therapy Students During
College student anxiety is rising alarmingly and directly affects academics, occupations, and well-being. Occupational therapy (OT) students encounter a rigorous workload and pressure to become entry-level practitioners. Higher education faculty strive for evidence-based teaching strategies and effective classroom management and are often challenged to promote a positive classroom culture. This quasi-experimental study explored the effect of listening to music during a lab practical examination on the performance of OT graduate students.
Read the detailed description
Through convenience sampling, 68 graduate students in an occupational therapy program were recruited to participate. The quasi-experimental study was conducted at Russell Sage College, in Troy, New York, with approval from the International Review Board Inclusion criteria were male and female first and second-year students, ages 19-34, enrolled in Functional Anatomy and Kinesiology or Physical Agent Modalities. The data was collected during lab practicals in December 2021 and June 2023. Forty-three students signed consent forms to participate. Students sign up for 20-minute time slots in pairs for the practical exam. Each student randomly selects confidential assessment cards and takes turns independently completing their assignment. Each practical contains a grading rubric, and a score of 80 is required to pass. Students either had one private room when an examiner during the practical, and either it was quiet or low 60 bpm music played in the background. Pre and post-outcome measures evaluated each student's state, trait, test anxiety, blood pressure, and heart rate outside the assessment room. State and trait anxiety was measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Adults™ by Charles D. Spielberger and the Test Anxiety Inventory by Charles D. Spielberger \& Associates. State-Trait Anxiety is cited in over 20,000 articles and is the primary assessment used most often for individuals susceptible to anxiety. The reliability of the State-Trait Anxiety is .86 - .95, and substantial evidence confirms its validity. Mean S-anxiety .59, T- T-anxiety .57 college students of both sexes. The Test Anxiety Inventory measures individual situational anxiety of symptom frequency throughout an exam, like apprehension and nervousness. Remote online survey licenses were purchased to administer the State-Trait Anxiety Adult and Test Anxiety Inventory on each student's laptop. Mind Garden's Transform System collected raw scaled scores. The research team recorded blood pressure and heart rate with the digital Blood Pressure monitor with an upper arm cuff.
- Conditions
- Test Anxiety, Stress
- Being tested
- Listening to music
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Listening to musicBehavioural
Students listened to background music during a practical examination of 60 bpm.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Group one with no music | No intervention | Graduate students with no music |
| Group Two with music | Experimental | Graduate students listening to music Receives: Behavioral: Listening to music |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
State-Trait Inventory
The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory a self-report questionnaire, follows a Likert scale and measures state and trait anxiety with 40 questions and a maximum score of 80
Measured: Day 1
Test Anxiety Inventory
The Test Anxiety Inventory is one of the most frequently used self-reported measures of situational anxiety and symptom frequency throughout an exam, like apprehension and nervousness
Measured: Day 1
Blood pressure
The measurement of a systolic and diastolic ratio
Measured: Day 1
Heart rate
Measuring beats per minute
Measured: Day 1
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted2 Jan 2024
- Study start7 Dec 2021
- Primary completion28 Nov 2023
- Study completion28 Nov 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Test AnxietyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- One group was a control, one group received the intervention
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 74 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Russell Sage College
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Christine Mulligan, Russell Sage College
- Investigators
- Chris Mulligan, Principal investigator, Russell Sage College
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06187272
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- RussellSage
- Status last verified
- Dec 2023
- First submitted
- 16 Nov 2023
- Last updated
- 2 Jan 2024
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: Consent form, study protocol, data analysis
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 2 Jan 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effectiveness of Music on the Performance of Graduate Occupational Therapy Students During
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06187272
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- RussellSage
- Conditions
- Test Anxiety, Stress
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 74 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Russell Sage CollegeUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 7 Dec 2021 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 28 Nov 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 28 Nov 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 2 Jan 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
College student anxiety is rising alarmingly and directly affects academics, occupations, and well-being. Occupational therapy (OT) students encounter a rigorous workload and pressure to become entry-level practitioners. Higher education faculty strive for evidence-based teaching strategies and effective classroom management and are often challenged to promote a positive classroom culture. This quasi-experimental study explored the effect of listening to music during a lab practical examination on the performance of OT graduate students.
Detailed description
Through convenience sampling, 68 graduate students in an occupational therapy program were recruited to participate. The quasi-experimental study was conducted at Russell Sage College, in Troy, New York, with approval from the International Review Board Inclusion criteria were male and female first and second-year students, ages 19-34, enrolled in Functional Anatomy and Kinesiology or Physical Agent Modalities. The data was collected during lab practicals in December 2021 and June 2023. Forty-three students signed consent forms to participate. Students sign up for 20-minute time slots in pairs for the practical exam. Each student randomly selects confidential assessment cards and takes turns independently completing their assignment. Each practical contains a grading rubric, and a score of 80 is required to pass. Students either had one private room when an examiner during the practical, and either it was quiet or low 60 bpm music played in the background. Pre and post-outcome measures evaluated each student's state, trait, test anxiety, blood pressure, and heart rate outside the assessment room. State and trait anxiety was measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Adults™ by Charles D. Spielberger and the Test Anxiety Inventory by Charles D. Spielberger \& Associates. State-Trait Anxiety is cited in over 20,000 articles and is the primary assessment used most often for individuals susceptible to anxiety. The reliability of the State-Trait Anxiety is .86 - .95, and substantial evidence confirms its validity. Mean S-anxiety .59, T- T-anxiety .57 college students of both sexes. The Test Anxiety Inventory measures individual situational anxiety of symptom frequency throughout an exam, like apprehension and nervousness. Remote online survey licenses were purchased to administer the State-Trait Anxiety Adult and Test Anxiety Inventory on each student's laptop. Mind Garden's Transform System collected raw scaled scores. The research team recorded blood pressure and heart rate with the digital Blood Pressure monitor with an upper arm cuff.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- One group was a control, one group received the intervention
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Group one with no music | No intervention | –Graduate students with no music |
| Group Two with music | Experimental | Behavioral: Listening to musicGraduate students listening to music |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 19 to 34 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Graduate occupational therapy students enrolled in Functional Anatomy and Kinesiology or Physical Agent Modalities
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Students not registered for Functional Anatomy and Kinesiology or Physical Agent Modalities
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Listening to musicStudents listened to background music during a practical examination of 60 bpm. | Behavioural | Group Two with music |
Primary outcome
State-Trait Inventory
Time frame: Day 1
The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory a self-report questionnaire, follows a Likert scale and measures state and trait anxiety with 40 questions and a maximum score of 80
Test Anxiety Inventory
Time frame: Day 1
The Test Anxiety Inventory is one of the most frequently used self-reported measures of situational anxiety and symptom frequency throughout an exam, like apprehension and nervousness
Blood pressure
Time frame: Day 1
The measurement of a systolic and diastolic ratio
Heart rate
Time frame: Day 1
Measuring beats per minute
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 2 Jan 2024.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. Consent form, study protocol, data analysis
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Chris Mulligan principal investigator
Russell Sage College
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Listening to music in people with Test Anxiety and Stress, run by Russell Sage College at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 2 Jan 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
State-Trait Inventory (time frame: Day 1). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 2 Jan 2024.