Resistance TrainingNCT06292429
Effects of Complex Training in Cricket Fast Bowlers
A study testing Complex Training and Conventional Training in people with Resistance Training and Plyometric Exercise, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
This study will be a randomized controlled trial and the data will be collected from National Cricket Academy and domestic cricket clubs. The sample size will be calculated by conducting a pilot study. There will be three groups. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 25 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Resistance Training, Plyometric Exercise, Sports Physical Therapy
- What is being tested?
- Complex Training and Conventional Training
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 40 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 16 Jun 2023to Jun 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 25 years
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Male bowlers between 18 - 25 years
- Bowling speed 115-130 km/h
- Same Run-up speed (20-25 km/h)
- domestic teams
- Active in game from last 6 months
- Athletes with same 1 Repetition Maximum (Bench press and Leg press)
- Athletes with same BMI category (18.5 - 24.9)
Who cannot join
- Red flags
- Resistance training from last 6 months
- Any disabling musculoskeletal injury
- Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit
- Scapular Dyskinesia
- Athletes taking prohibited drugs, Ergogenic aids
- Any cardiovascular issue . Any systemic disease
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Pakistan1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Pakistan Sports Board Coaching Center
Lahore, Punjab Province, 54000
Nasrullah Rana, +92 334 5492964
Muhammad Atif Javed, PP-DPT
About this study
Official title: Effects of Complex Training on Physical Fitness, Bowling Performance, Work Capacity, Muscle Strength and Bone Density in Cricket Fast Bowlers
This study will be a randomized controlled trial and the data will be collected from National Cricket Academy and domestic cricket clubs. The sample size will be calculated by conducting a pilot study. There will be three groups. Group-A will be receiving Complex training, Group-B will be receiving Conventional training and Group C as a Control Group. Athletes with same physical fitness level will be recruited. There will be parallel assignment of the participants. Assessor will be kept blinded. All the parameters would be assessed at Baseline, 6 Weeks, 12 Weeks. Physical fitness will be assessed through Field Testing. Bowling performance will be assessed through speed machine and Kinovea Software. Work capacity will be assessed through step testing. Muscle strength will be assessed through Dynamometer. Lastly, BMD will be assessed though Bone Densitometer.
Read the detailed description
Cricket fast bowlers require a unique blend of speed, strength, power, and agility to excel in their role on the field. In recent years, Complex training has emerged as a popular training method to enhance these critical qualities among fast bowlers. Complex training involves combining strength exercises with explosive, sport-specific movements in a single training session, aiming to improve overall athletic performance. This study will be a randomized controlled trial and the data will be collected from National Cricket Academy and domestic cricket clubs. The sample size will be calculated by conducting a pilot study. There will be three groups. Group-A will be receiving Complex training, Group-B will be receiving Conventional training and Group C as a Control Group. Athletes with same physical fitness level will be recruited. There will be parallel assignment of the participants. Assessor will be kept blinded. All the parameters would be assessed at Baseline, 6 Weeks, 12 Weeks. Physical fitness will be assessed through Field Testing. Bowling performance will be assessed through speed machine and Kinovea Software. Work capacity will be assessed through step testing. Muscle strength will be assessed through Dynamometer. Lastly, BMD will be assessed though Bone Densitometer.
- Being tested
- Complex Training, Conventional Training, Control Group
- Keywords
- Complex Training, Cricket Fast Bowlers
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Complex TrainingOther
Week 1-4: Foundation Phase Lower Body Resistance Training Squats (Back Squats or Goblet Squats) Deadlifts Lunges
Paired with:
Box Jumps Depth Jumps
Upper Body Resistance Training Bench Press Overhead Press
Paired with:
Medicine Ball Chest Pass Medicine Ball Overhead Throw Rows (Barbell or Dumbbell)
Week 5-8: Strength and Power Phase Lower Body Resistance Training Power Cleans Front Squats Romanian Deadlifts
Paired with:
Box Jumps with Barbell Depth Jumps with Medicine Ball
Upper Body Resistance Training Push Press Pull-Ups or Lat Pulldowns Bent Over Rows
Paired with:
Plyometric Push-Ups Medicine Ball Slam
Week 9-12: Power and Speed Phase Lower Body Resistance Training Snatch Split Squats Jumping Lunges
Paired with:
Box Jumps with Barbell Depth Jumps with Medicine Ball
Upper Body Resistance Training Speed Bench Press Face Pulls Plyometric Pull-Ups
Paired with:
Medicine Ball Chest Pass Medicine Ball Overhead Throw
Conventional TrainingOther
Week 0-4 Session 1 Rotator cuff wall compression Forearm flexor compression Alpha ball tricep scrape Band assisted pushups Session 2 Soft ball thoracic breathing Neck ball arm rotations ITb compressions Middle quard compressions
Week 4-8 Session 1 Kneeling pall of band hold Kneeling pall of partner proturbations Leg lower with mediball neutral Half lying arm speed and swing drill Session 2 Single leg band hold Trunk activated psoas lowers Split clam Bulgarian split iso hold
Week 8-12 Session 1 Point kneel thoracic rotations Side lying single arm thoracic abduction Banded side lying clams Side lying abduction from glute Session 2 Low back mobility Kneeling pall off band hold Clean and jerks power drill movements Weighted bench press Session 3 Standing band rotations thoracic only Band pull aparts Tennis ball in trap arm flexion ext thumb to floor Bulgarian weighted
Control GroupOther
No intervention given
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Complex Training | Experimental | Not described Receives: Other: Complex Training |
| Conventional Training | Active comparator | Not described Receives: Other: Conventional Training |
| Control Group | Other | Not described Receives: Other: Control Group |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Physical fitness (linear speed capability)
will be assessed by lower body vertical jump test
Measured: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
Physical fitness (lower limb explosive power)
will be assessed by 20-m sprint test
Measured: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
Physical fitness (upper body strength test)
will be assessed by bench press \& bent over row
Measured: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
Physical fitness (lower body strength test)
will be assessed by hex-bar deadlift
Measured: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
Physical fitness (upper body muscular endurance)
will be assessed by horizontal pull
Measured: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
Physical fitness (aerobic capacity)
will be assessed by Yo-Yo intermittent recovery Level 1 test
Measured: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
Bowling performance (Ball speed)
will be measured by Pocket Radar
Measured: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
Bowling performance (run-up time)
will be measured by Dartfish software
Measured: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
Bowling performance (accuracy)
will be measured by Dartfish software
Measured: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
Bowling performance (RPE)
will be measured by Borg scale
Measured: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
Secondary outcomes (3)
Work capacity
will be assessed by Step Testing
Measured: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
Muscle Strength
will be assessed by Hand-held Dynamometer
Measured: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
Bone Density
will be assessed by Bone Densitometer
Measured: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted5 Mar 2024
- Study start16 Jun 2023
- Primary completionJun 2024 (estimated)
- Study completionJun 2024 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (8)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Resistance TrainingStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Riphah International UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- randomized controlled trial
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 40 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Muhammad Atif Javed, PP-DPT, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06292429
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/RCR & AHS/23/1104
- Status last verified
- Mar 2024
- First submitted
- 28 Jan 2024
- Last updated
- 5 Mar 2024
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Feros SA, Young WB, O'Brien BJ. Efficacy of Combined General, Special, and Specific Resistance Training on Pace Bowling Skill in Club-Standard Cricketers. J Strength Cond Res. 2020 Sep;34(9):2596-2607. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002940.
PubMed 30741863Harrison DC, Doma K, Leicht AS, McGuckin TA, Woods CT, Connor JD. Repeated Bout Effect of Two Resistance Training Bouts on Bowling-Specific Performance in Male Cricketers. Sports (Basel). 2022 Aug 24;10(9):126. doi: 10.3390/sports10090126.
PubMed 36136381Phillips E, Portus M, Davids K, Renshaw I. Performance accuracy and functional variability in elite and developing fast bowlers. J Sci Med Sport. 2012 Mar;15(2):182-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2011.07.006. Epub 2011 Sep 9.
PubMed 21907618Feros SA, Young WB, O'Brien BJ. The Reliability and Sensitivity of Performance Measures in a Novel Pace-Bowling Test. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2018 Feb 1;13(2):151-155. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2017-0140. Epub 2018 Feb 12.
PubMed 28530507Maker R, Taliep MS. The effects of a four weeks combined resistance training programme on cricket bowling velocity. S Afr J Sports Med. 2021 Jun 10;33(1):v33i1a9002. doi: 10.17159/2078-516X/2021/v33i1a9002. eCollection 2021.
PubMed 36816886Callaghan SJ, Govus AD, Lockie RG, Middleton KJ, Nimphius S. Not as simple as it seems: Front foot contact kinetics, muscle function and ball release speed in cricket pace bowlers. J Sports Sci. 2021 Aug;39(16):1807-1815. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2021.1898192. Epub 2021 Mar 9.
PubMed 33687302Ali K, Gupta S, Hussain ME, Alzhrani M, Manzar MD, Khan M, Alghadir AH. Effect of plyometric versus complex training on core strength, lower limb, and upper limb power in male cricketers: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2023 Nov 27;15(1):160. doi: 10.1186/s13102-023-00771-8.
PubMed 38008712Boudreau SL, Mattes LL, Lowenstein NA, Matzkin EG, Wilcox RB 3rd. Customizing Functional Rehabilitation and Return to Sport in the Female Overhead Athlete. Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil. 2022 Jan 28;4(1):e271-e285. doi: 10.1016/j.asmr.2021.09.041. eCollection 2022 Jan.
PubMed 35141561
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 5 Mar 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Complex Training on Physical Fitness, Bowling Performance, Work Capacity, Muscle Strength and Bone Density in Cricket Fast Bowlers
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06292429
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- REC/RCR & AHS/23/1104
- Keywords
- Complex Training, Cricket Fast Bowlers
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 40 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 16 Jun 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- Jun 2024 (estimated)
- Study completion
- Jun 2024 (estimated)
- First posted
- 5 Mar 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study will be a randomized controlled trial and the data will be collected from National Cricket Academy and domestic cricket clubs. The sample size will be calculated by conducting a pilot study. There will be three groups. Group-A will be receiving Complex training, Group-B will be receiving Conventional training and Group C as a Control Group. Athletes with same physical fitness level will be recruited. There will be parallel assignment of the participants. Assessor will be kept blinded. All the parameters would be assessed at Baseline, 6 Weeks, 12 Weeks. Physical fitness will be assessed through Field Testing. Bowling performance will be assessed through speed machine and Kinovea Software. Work capacity will be assessed through step testing. Muscle strength will be assessed through Dynamometer. Lastly, BMD will be assessed though Bone Densitometer.
Detailed description
Cricket fast bowlers require a unique blend of speed, strength, power, and agility to excel in their role on the field. In recent years, Complex training has emerged as a popular training method to enhance these critical qualities among fast bowlers. Complex training involves combining strength exercises with explosive, sport-specific movements in a single training session, aiming to improve overall athletic performance. This study will be a randomized controlled trial and the data will be collected from National Cricket Academy and domestic cricket clubs. The sample size will be calculated by conducting a pilot study. There will be three groups. Group-A will be receiving Complex training, Group-B will be receiving Conventional training and Group C as a Control Group. Athletes with same physical fitness level will be recruited. There will be parallel assignment of the participants. Assessor will be kept blinded. All the parameters would be assessed at Baseline, 6 Weeks, 12 Weeks. Physical fitness will be assessed through Field Testing. Bowling performance will be assessed through speed machine and Kinovea Software. Work capacity will be assessed through step testing. Muscle strength will be assessed through Dynamometer. Lastly, BMD will be assessed though Bone Densitometer.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 3
- Model description
- randomized controlled trial
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Complex Training | Experimental | Other: Complex Training |
| Conventional Training | Active comparator | Other: Conventional Training |
| Control Group | Other | Other: Control Group |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 25 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Male bowlers between 18 - 25 years
- Bowling speed 115-130 km/h
- Same Run-up speed (20-25 km/h)
- domestic teams
- Active in game from last 6 months
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Red flags
- Resistance training from last 6 months
- Any disabling musculoskeletal injury
- Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit
- Scapular Dyskinesia
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Complex TrainingWeek 1-4: Foundation Phase Lower Body Resistance Training Squats (Back Squats or Goblet Squats) Deadlifts Lunges Paired with: Box Jumps Depth Jumps Upper Body Resistance Training Bench Press Overhead Press Paired with: Medicine Ball Chest Pass Medicine Ball Overhead Throw Rows (Barbell or Dumbbell) Week 5-8: Strength and Power Phase Lower Body Resistance Training Power Cleans Front Squats Romanian Deadlifts Paired with: Box Jumps with Barbell Depth Jumps with Medicine Ball Upper Body Resistance Training Push Press Pull-Ups or Lat Pulldowns Bent Over Rows Paired with: Plyometric Push-Ups Medicine Ball Slam Week 9-12: Power and Speed Phase Lower Body Resistance Training Snatch Split Squats Jumping Lunges Paired with: Box Jumps with Barbell Depth Jumps with Medicine Ball Upper Body Resistance Training Speed Bench Press Face Pulls Plyometric Pull-Ups Paired with: Medicine Ball Chest Pass Medicine Ball Overhead Throw | Other | Complex Training |
| Conventional TrainingWeek 0-4 Session 1 Rotator cuff wall compression Forearm flexor compression Alpha ball tricep scrape Band assisted pushups Session 2 Soft ball thoracic breathing Neck ball arm rotations ITb compressions Middle quard compressions Week 4-8 Session 1 Kneeling pall of band hold Kneeling pall of partner proturbations Leg lower with mediball neutral Half lying arm speed and swing drill Session 2 Single leg band hold Trunk activated psoas lowers Split clam Bulgarian split iso hold Week 8-12 Session 1 Point kneel thoracic rotations Side lying single arm thoracic abduction Banded side lying clams Side lying abduction from glute Session 2 Low back mobility Kneeling pall off band hold Clean and jerks power drill movements Weighted bench press Session 3 Standing band rotations thoracic only Band pull aparts Tennis ball in trap arm flexion ext thumb to floor Bulgarian weighted | Other | Conventional Training |
| Control GroupNo intervention given | Other | Control Group |
Primary outcome
Physical fitness (linear speed capability)
Time frame: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
will be assessed by lower body vertical jump test
Physical fitness (lower limb explosive power)
Time frame: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
will be assessed by 20-m sprint test
Physical fitness (upper body strength test)
Time frame: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
will be assessed by bench press \& bent over row
Physical fitness (lower body strength test)
Time frame: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
will be assessed by hex-bar deadlift
Physical fitness (upper body muscular endurance)
Time frame: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
will be assessed by horizontal pull
Physical fitness (aerobic capacity)
Time frame: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
will be assessed by Yo-Yo intermittent recovery Level 1 test
Bowling performance (Ball speed)
Time frame: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
will be measured by Pocket Radar
Bowling performance (run-up time)
Time frame: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
will be measured by Dartfish software
Bowling performance (accuracy)
Time frame: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
will be measured by Dartfish software
Bowling performance (RPE)
Time frame: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
will be measured by Borg scale
3 secondary outcomes
Work capacity
Time frame: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
Muscle Strength
Time frame: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
Bone Density
Time frame: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 5 Mar 2024.
- Background: PubMed 30741863Feros SA, Young WB, O'Brien BJ. Efficacy of Combined General, Special, and Specific Resistance Training on Pace Bowling Skill in Club-Standard Cricketers. J Strength Cond Res. 2020 Sep;34(9):2596-2607. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002940.
- Background: PubMed 36136381Harrison DC, Doma K, Leicht AS, McGuckin TA, Woods CT, Connor JD. Repeated Bout Effect of Two Resistance Training Bouts on Bowling-Specific Performance in Male Cricketers. Sports (Basel). 2022 Aug 24;10(9):126. doi: 10.3390/sports10090126.
- Background: PubMed 21907618Phillips E, Portus M, Davids K, Renshaw I. Performance accuracy and functional variability in elite and developing fast bowlers. J Sci Med Sport. 2012 Mar;15(2):182-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2011.07.006. Epub 2011 Sep 9.
- Background: PubMed 28530507Feros SA, Young WB, O'Brien BJ. The Reliability and Sensitivity of Performance Measures in a Novel Pace-Bowling Test. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2018 Feb 1;13(2):151-155. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2017-0140. Epub 2018 Feb 12.
- Background: PubMed 36816886Maker R, Taliep MS. The effects of a four weeks combined resistance training programme on cricket bowling velocity. S Afr J Sports Med. 2021 Jun 10;33(1):v33i1a9002. doi: 10.17159/2078-516X/2021/v33i1a9002. eCollection 2021.
- Background: PubMed 33687302Callaghan SJ, Govus AD, Lockie RG, Middleton KJ, Nimphius S. Not as simple as it seems: Front foot contact kinetics, muscle function and ball release speed in cricket pace bowlers. J Sports Sci. 2021 Aug;39(16):1807-1815. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2021.1898192. Epub 2021 Mar 9.
- Background: PubMed 38008712Ali K, Gupta S, Hussain ME, Alzhrani M, Manzar MD, Khan M, Alghadir AH. Effect of plyometric versus complex training on core strength, lower limb, and upper limb power in male cricketers: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2023 Nov 27;15(1):160. doi: 10.1186/s13102-023-00771-8.
- Background: PubMed 35141561Boudreau SL, Mattes LL, Lowenstein NA, Matzkin EG, Wilcox RB 3rd. Customizing Functional Rehabilitation and Return to Sport in the Female Overhead Athlete. Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil. 2022 Jan 28;4(1):e271-e285. doi: 10.1016/j.asmr.2021.09.041. eCollection 2022 Jan.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Muhammad Atif Javed, PP-DPT principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Complex Training and Conventional Training in people with Resistance Training and Plyometric Exercise, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 7 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 5 Mar 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Muhammad Atif Javed, PP-DPT (+923317491071, atifjaved2k@hotmail.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Physical fitness (linear speed capability) (time frame: 0 week, 6 week, 12 week). The study lists 10 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06292429, which also lists 8 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 5 Mar 2024.