Multiple SclerosisNCT06295601
Telerehabilitation Based Motor Imagery and Action Observation Training in Multiple Sclerosis
A study testing Traditional rehabilitation and Action observation therapy and motor imagery in people with Multiple Sclerosis, run by Inonu University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This study aims to investigate the effects of the treatment combination consisting of motor imagery and action observation therapy on balance, functional mobility, lower extremity muscle strength, fatigue and quality of life. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Multiple Sclerosis
- What is being tested?
- Traditional rehabilitation and Action observation therapy and motor imagery
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 29 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 20 Apr 2025to 25 Nov 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Being diagnosed with mulltiple sclerosis according to the McDonald criteria
- Expanded Disability Status Scale<5.5,
- Being between the ages of 18-65,
- Mini mental test score>24,
- Have a phone that can adapt to participating in a video call
Who cannot join
- Having another additional neurological disease that may cause balance and coordination disorders,
- having received physical therapy and regularly engaged in sports in the last 6 months
- Having an attack in the last 3 months
- Refusal to participate in the study.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Effect of Telerehabilitation-Based Motor Imagery and Action Observation Training on Balance and Functional Mobility in Multiple Sclerosis: Randomized Controlled Study
This study aims to investigate the effects of the treatment combination consisting of motor imagery and action observation therapy on balance, functional mobility, lower extremity muscle strength, fatigue and quality of life.
Read the detailed description
The study population was participants with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. The traditional rehabilitation program consists of a joint treatment in which lower extremity strengthening and balance exercises are carried out synchronously for the experimental and control groups. Motor imagery and action observation therapy based on telerehabilitation of certain movements will be applied to the experimental group. All treatments will be carried out online via the Whatsapp program. The treatment program will be applied 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Evaluations will be made before and after the treatment program. Assessments include balance, lower extremity muscle strength and functional mobility, fatigue, and quality of life.
- Conditions
- Multiple Sclerosis
- Being tested
- Traditional rehabilitation, Action observation therapy and motor imagery
- Keywords
- motor imagery, telerehabilitation, action observation therapy
- Medical subject headings
- Multiple Sclerosis
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Traditional rehabilitationOther
The program consists of a joint treatment in which lower extremity strengthening and balance exercises are carried out synchronously. The program will include a total of 5 minutes of warm-up, 5 minutes of cool-down and 30 minutes of exercises related to the program. The difficulty of the program will increase by changing the number of exercises and increasing the weight in strengthening exercises. Progress in balance and coordination exercises will vary by changing the ground, increasing the standing time, and keeping the eyes open and closed.
Action observation therapy and motor imageryOther
In the experimental group, in addition to traditional telerehabilitation, action observation and motor imagery of 4 exercises will be performed in each session. A video will be prepared for 4 exercises. Then, the participant will perform 2 minutes of action observation of each movement, followed by 1 minute of motor imagery. In addition to the traditional telerehabilitation program, a 12-minute combination of action observation and motor imagery will be performed in each session. Exercises will be changed every two weeks, gradually increasing the difficulty.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental group | Experimental | Individuals will receive standard rehabilitation and telerehabilitation-based motor imagery and action observation therapy. Receives: Other: Traditional rehabilitation; Other: Action observation therapy and motor imagery |
| Control group | Experimental | Individuals will receive standard rehabilitation. Receives: Other: Traditional rehabilitation |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Berg Balance Scale
Berg Balance Scale consists of a total of 14 items. Evaluation for each stage is made between 0-4. Higher score indicates better functional balance performance
Measured: Baseline
Berg Balance Scale
Berg Balance Scale consists of a total of 14 items. Evaluation for each stage is made between 0-4. Higher score indicates better functional balance performance
Measured: 6 weeks after baseline
Muscle strength and functional mobility
The participant will be asked to sit and stand up from a standard chair between 42-45 cm, with hands crossed on the chest, without support, 5 times. The time will be stopped when the participant completes the last sitting. It will be recorded in seconds.
Measured: Baseline
Muscle strength and functional mobility
The participant will be asked to sit and stand up from a standard chair between 42-45 cm, with hands crossed on the chest, without support, 5 times. The time will be stopped when the participant completes the last sitting. It will be recorded in seconds.
Measured: 6 weeks after baseline
Secondary outcomes (4)
Fatigue Severity Scale
This scale consists of a total of 9 items and is scored between 0-7. >4 points indicate fatigue
Measured: Baseline
Fatigue Severity Scale
This scale consists of a total of 9 items and is scored between 0-7. >4 points indicate fatigue
Measured: 6 weeks after baseline
Multiple Sclerosis International Quality of Life (MusiQoL) questionnaire
The scale consists of 31 questions in 9 dimensions (subscales). The index score is calculated as the average of these subscale scores. All 9 dimensions and the index score are linearly transformed and standardized on a scale from 0 to 100; where 0 indicates the worst possible level of quality of life and 100 indicates the best level.
Measured: Baseline
Multiple Sclerosis International Quality of Life (MusiQoL) questionnaire
The scale consists of 31 questions in 9 dimensions (subscales). The index score is calculated as the average of these subscale scores. All 9 dimensions and the index score are linearly transformed and standardized on a scale from 0 to 100; where 0 indicates the worst possible level of quality of life and 100 indicates the best level.
Measured: 6 weeks after baseline
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted6 Mar 2024
- Study start20 Apr 2025
- Primary completion15 Nov 2025
- Study completion25 Nov 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Multiple SclerosisStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Inonu UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 29 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Inonu University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Burcu Talu, Inonu University
- Investigators
- Burcu talu, Study director, Inonu University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06295601
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2025/7369
- Status last verified
- May 2026
- First submitted
- 21 Feb 2024
- Last updated
- 2 Jun 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: Study data can be shared with other researchers if desired.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 2 Jun 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effect of Telerehabilitation-Based Motor Imagery and Action Observation Training on Balance and Functional Mobility in Multiple Sclerosis: Randomized Controlled Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06295601
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2025/7369
- Conditions
- Multiple Sclerosis
- Keywords
- motor imagery, telerehabilitation, action observation therapy
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 29 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Inonu UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 20 Apr 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Nov 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 25 Nov 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 6 Mar 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study aims to investigate the effects of the treatment combination consisting of motor imagery and action observation therapy on balance, functional mobility, lower extremity muscle strength, fatigue and quality of life.
Detailed description
The study population was participants with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. The traditional rehabilitation program consists of a joint treatment in which lower extremity strengthening and balance exercises are carried out synchronously for the experimental and control groups. Motor imagery and action observation therapy based on telerehabilitation of certain movements will be applied to the experimental group. All treatments will be carried out online via the Whatsapp program. The treatment program will be applied 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Evaluations will be made before and after the treatment program. Assessments include balance, lower extremity muscle strength and functional mobility, fatigue, and quality of life.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental group | Experimental | Other: Traditional rehabilitation, Other: Action observation therapy and motor imageryIndividuals will receive standard rehabilitation and telerehabilitation-based motor imagery and action observation therapy. |
| Control group | Experimental | Other: Traditional rehabilitationIndividuals will receive standard rehabilitation. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Being diagnosed with mulltiple sclerosis according to the McDonald criteria
- Expanded Disability Status Scale<5.5,
- Being between the ages of 18-65,
- Mini mental test score>24,
- Have a phone that can adapt to participating in a video call
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Having another additional neurological disease that may cause balance and coordination disorders,
- having received physical therapy and regularly engaged in sports in the last 6 months
- Having an attack in the last 3 months
- Refusal to participate in the study.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Traditional rehabilitationThe program consists of a joint treatment in which lower extremity strengthening and balance exercises are carried out synchronously. The program will include a total of 5 minutes of warm-up, 5 minutes of cool-down and 30 minutes of exercises related to the program. The difficulty of the program will increase by changing the number of exercises and increasing the weight in strengthening exercises. Progress in balance and coordination exercises will vary by changing the ground, increasing the standing time, and keeping the eyes open and closed. | Other | Control group, Experimental group |
| Action observation therapy and motor imageryIn the experimental group, in addition to traditional telerehabilitation, action observation and motor imagery of 4 exercises will be performed in each session. A video will be prepared for 4 exercises. Then, the participant will perform 2 minutes of action observation of each movement, followed by 1 minute of motor imagery. In addition to the traditional telerehabilitation program, a 12-minute combination of action observation and motor imagery will be performed in each session. Exercises will be changed every two weeks, gradually increasing the difficulty. | Other | Experimental group |
Primary outcome
Berg Balance Scale
Time frame: Baseline
Berg Balance Scale consists of a total of 14 items. Evaluation for each stage is made between 0-4. Higher score indicates better functional balance performance
Berg Balance Scale
Time frame: 6 weeks after baseline
Berg Balance Scale consists of a total of 14 items. Evaluation for each stage is made between 0-4. Higher score indicates better functional balance performance
Muscle strength and functional mobility
Time frame: Baseline
The participant will be asked to sit and stand up from a standard chair between 42-45 cm, with hands crossed on the chest, without support, 5 times. The time will be stopped when the participant completes the last sitting. It will be recorded in seconds.
Muscle strength and functional mobility
Time frame: 6 weeks after baseline
The participant will be asked to sit and stand up from a standard chair between 42-45 cm, with hands crossed on the chest, without support, 5 times. The time will be stopped when the participant completes the last sitting. It will be recorded in seconds.
4 secondary outcomes
Fatigue Severity Scale
Time frame: Baseline
Fatigue Severity Scale
Time frame: 6 weeks after baseline
Multiple Sclerosis International Quality of Life (MusiQoL) questionnaire
Time frame: Baseline
Multiple Sclerosis International Quality of Life (MusiQoL) questionnaire
Time frame: 6 weeks after baseline
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 2 Jun 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. Study data can be shared with other researchers if desired.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Burcu talu study director
Inonu University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Traditional rehabilitation and Action observation therapy and motor imagery in people with Multiple Sclerosis, run by Inonu University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 2 Jun 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Berg Balance Scale (time frame: Baseline). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 2 Jun 2026.