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StressPhase 2NCT06364228

Intranasal Oxytocin Intervention for Caregivers to Persons With Dementia

A Phase 2 study testing Oxytocin Intranasal Spray 12 International Unit (12IU), Oxytocin Intranasal Spray 24 International Unit (24IU) and Functional MRI in people with Stress, run by University of Nebraska at 1 site in United States.

Recruiting

Looking for participants now. Contact the study team or a site below to ask about taking part.

Sites and contacts
Official record
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Trial summary

More than 15 million family caregivers provide support for individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or related dementias. This number is expected to grow with the increasing population of persons with dementia (PWD). Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 50 years and older, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for
Stress
What is being tested?
Oxytocin Intranasal Spray 12 International Unit (12IU), Oxytocin Intranasal Spray 24 International Unit (24IU) and Functional MRI
Type of treatment
Surgery or procedure
Could I receive a placebo?
Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
How many people
32 participants
Where
1 siteUnited States
Study dates
20 Dec 2026to Mar 2028
Phase
Phase 2
Are there results?
Not yet: the study is under way

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 50 years and older
  • Women only
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Females 50 years of age or older
  • Currently an unpaid family caregiver to an older adult (50 years and older) with dementia for at least five hours a week for at least six months
  • Normal or corrected to normal vision and hearing
  • Mobility to travel to University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC) for study procedures including brain imaging
  • Right-handed
  • Capacity to read and write English

Who cannot join

  • Major medical illness that contraindicates oxytocin (OXT) administration (e.g., severe liver disease, seizure disorder, metabolic disorder)
  • History of allergic reaction to oxytocin (OXT) and its nasal spray product
  • History of central nervous system (CNS) disease, including history of seizure, epilepsy, CNS tumor, CNS hemorrhage, or serious CNS infection including meningitis or encephalitis
  • Currently pregnant or planning to become pregnant during the course of the study
  • Metal in the body (i.e., hearing aid, cardiac pacemaker, bone plates, braces, non-removable piercing/implants, etc.), claustrophobia, or any other condition that would preclude magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning
  • Mini-mental status exam score of 25 or lower which suggests possible cognitive issues
Show all 13Show fewer
  • History of or current neurological disease (e.g., stroke, traumatic brain injury, brain tumor, dementia)
  • History of or current severe psychiatric disease (e.g., schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, autism, severe post-traumatic stress disorder)
  • History of, or current drug or alcohol abuse
  • Currently breastfeeding
  • Current coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) illness
  • Left-handed due to brain structural difference between right and left-handed individuals
  • Currently taking antipsychotic medications, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or corticosteroid creams/pills

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.

Soonjo Hwang, MD contact

402-552-6351

soonjo.hwang@unmc.edu

Minjoo Kang, MEd contact

402-552-6239

mkang@unmc.edu

United States1 site, 1 recruiting
  • University of Nebraska Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry

    Omaha, Nebraska, 61898-5581

    Chase Brice, B.S., 402-552-6239, cbrice@unmc.edu

    Soonjo Hwang, MD

    Recruiting

Other trials in United States

About this study

More than 15 million family caregivers provide support for individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or related dementias. This number is expected to grow with the increasing population of persons with dementia (PWD). Stress in caregivers to older adults with chronic diseases is already a significant public health issue because it is associated with multiple negative physical and mental health outcomes for the caregiver (e.g., depression, cardiovascular disease) and can negatively impact the health of the PWD as well. Importantly, stress levels are even higher in female than male caregivers and in caregivers to PWD than other chronic conditions that affect older adults.

There are numerous interventions to improve well-being in caregivers to PWD, but only two have been shown to moderately improve caregiver depression and quality of life in the PWD. However, both of the interventions are time and energy intensive. One promising candidate to reduce stress and improve quality of life is the endogenous neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT). Intranasal OXT interventions have been shown to successfully reduce stress and increase quality of life in other populations, including patients with borderline personality disorder, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Anxiety Disorder, and Depressive Disorder. This study will assess the efficacy and safety of intranasal oxytocin (OXT) to improve the quality of life and reduce chronic stress levels in the caregivers to PWD. Participants will be randomly enrolled to one of three groups: 12 IU intranasal oxytocin, 24 IU intranasal oxytocin or placebo. The study drug will be administered daily for 21 days.

Read the detailed description

More than 15 million family caregivers provide support for individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or related dementias. This number is expected to grow with the increasing population of persons with dementia (PWD). Stress in caregivers to older adults with chronic diseases is already a significant public health issue because it is associated with multiple negative physical and mental health outcomes for the caregiver (e.g., depression, cardiovascular disease) and can negatively impact the health of the PWD as well. Importantly, stress levels are even higher in female than male caregivers and in caregivers to a PWD than other chronic conditions that affect older adults. One promising candidate to reduce stress and improve quality of life is the endogenous neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT). Intranasal OXT interventions have been shown to successfully reduce stress and increase quality of life in other populations, including patients with borderline personality disorder, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Anxiety Disorder, and Depressive Disorder. However, currently there is no comprehensive study examining its role in the caregivers to chronic medical/psychiatric illnesses including dementia for potential beneficial impact as well as reducing chronic stress levels.

Eligible females who are family caregivers to a PWD for a least five hours a week for six consecutive months will be randomly enrolled to one of three groups: 12 IU intranasal oxytocin, 24 IU intranasal oxytocin or placebo. The study drug will be administered daily for 21 days. Surveys and questionnaires that evaluate mental and emotional health and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) will be administered before and after the study treatment to see if oxytocin will help improve quality of life better and lower stress levels in caregivers to people who have dementia. Additionally, the study will find out if the brain responds to oxytocin.

Conditions
Stress
Being tested
Placebo, Oxytocin Intranasal Spray 12 International Unit (12IU), Oxytocin Intranasal Spray 24 International Unit (24IU), Functional MRI
Keywords
Oxytocin, Stress level, Caregivers, Dementia, fMRI, Neuroimaging, Quality of Life
Medical subject headings
Dementia

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • PlaceboDrug

    Placebo intranasal spray liquid with no oxytocin will be delivered in 2 puffs to each nostril daily for 21 days. The first single dose will be administered at the clinic (Visit 1).

  • Oxytocin Intranasal Spray 12 International Unit (12IU)Drug

    Also called Oxytocin 12IU

    Participants weighing less than 40 kg (88 pounds) will receive 12 IU of oxytocin delivered as 1 puff (6 IU) to each nostril daily for 21 days. The first single dose will be administered at the clinic (Visit 1).

  • Oxytocin Intranasal Spray 24 International Unit (24IU)Drug

    Also called Oxytocin 24IU

    Participants weighing more than 40 kg (880 pounds) will receive 24 IU of oxytocin delivered as 2 puffs (12 IU) to each nostril daily for 21 days. The first single dose will be administered at the clinic (Visit 1).

  • Functional MRIProcedure or surgery

    Also called fMRI

    Functional MRI (fMRI) scan with affective Stroop and Empathy and Theory of Mind task (EmpaTom task will administered pre- and post-administration of oxytocin.

Study groups in NCT06364228
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Intranasal Spray PlaceboPlacebo comparatorNasal spray of placebo liquid solution is administered as 2 puffs of daily dose (every morning) for 3 weeks. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan will be done pre- and post-administration.
Receives: Drug: Placebo; Procedure: Functional MRI
Oxytocin Intranasal Spray 12 International UnitsActive comparatorNasal spray of Oxytocin 12 International Units (12IU) liquid solution as 2 puffs of daily dose (every morning) for 3 weeks. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan pre- and post-administration.
Receives: Drug: Oxytocin Intranasal Spray 12 International Unit (12IU); Procedure: Functional MRI
Oxytocin Intranasal Spray 24 International UnitsActive comparatorNasal spray of Oxytocin 24 International Units (24IU) liquid solution as 2 puffs of daily dose (every morning) for 3 weeks. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan pre- and post-administration.
Receives: Drug: Oxytocin Intranasal Spray 24 International Unit (24IU); Procedure: Functional MRI

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Chronic Stress Level in the Past Thirty Days

    Participant's chronic ctress levels in the past thirty Days will be assessed by the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) which asks ten questions about participant stress within the last 30 days. The questions are scored from 0 ("never") to 4 ("very often) with specific items needing to be reverse scored. Higher scores indicate higher levels of perceived stress (a worse outcome). The instrument takes about 5 minutes to complete.

    Measured: Baseline (Visit 1) and Post-intervention (Visit 2)

Secondary outcomes (2)
  1. Participant Quality of Life

    Participant quality of life will be assessed by the Health Organization Quality of Life- Short version (WHO-QOL-BREF) survey which measures general perceptions about quality of life in four aspects: physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment. The aspects are scored from 1 ('very poor') to 5 ('very good'). Aspect scores are totaled with higher scores indicating a better outcome. The instrument takes about 15 minutes to complete.

    Measured: Baseline (Visit 1) and Post-intervention (Visit 2)

  2. Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) responses in neural areas during the Affective Stroop task (AS) and Empathy and Theory of Mind(EmpaToM) task

    Neural level changes will be measured by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI).

    Measured: Baseline (Visit 1) and Post-intervention (Visit 2) It will take about 60 minutes to complete at each time point.

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted15 Apr 2024
  2. Study start20 Dec 2026 (estimated)
  3. Primary completionNov 2027 (estimated)
  4. Study completionMar 2028 (estimated)

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Basic science
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Model description
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Masking
Triple blind
Who is masked
Participant, Care provider, Investigator
Enrolment
32 participants (estimated)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT06364228
Sponsor's protocol ID
0133-24-FB
Status last verified
Oct 2026
First submitted
8 Apr 2024
Last updated
2 Nov 2026
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No

Publications

  • Alzheimers Association. 2015 Alzheimers Disease Facts and Figures. (2015).

  • Pinquart M, Sorensen S. Differences between caregivers and noncaregivers in psychological health and physical health: a meta-analysis. Psychol Aging. 2003 Jun;18(2):250-67. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.18.2.250.

    PubMed 12825775
  • Peavy G, Mayo AM, Avalos C, Rodriguez A, Shifflett B, Edland SD. Perceived Stress in Older Dementia Caregivers: Mediation by Loneliness and Depression. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. 2022 Jan-Dec;37:15333175211064756. doi: 10.1177/15333175211064756.

    PubMed 34986661
  • Sheehan OC, Haley WE, Howard VJ, Huang J, Rhodes JD, Roth DL. Stress, Burden, and Well-Being in Dementia and Nondementia Caregivers: Insights From the Caregiving Transitions Study. Gerontologist. 2021 Jul 13;61(5):670-679. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnaa108.

    PubMed 32816014
  • Bouchard K, Greenman PS, Pipe A, Johnson SM, Tulloch H. Reducing Caregiver Distress and Cardiovascular Risk: A Focus on Caregiver-Patient Relationship Quality. Can J Cardiol. 2019 Oct;35(10):1409-1411. doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2019.05.007. Epub 2019 Sep 9.

    PubMed 31515084
  • Losada-Baltar A, Vara-Garcia C, Pedroso-Chaparro MDS, Cabrera I, Jimenez-Gonzalo L, Fernandes-Pires J, Huertas-Domingo C, Barrera-Caballero S, Gallego-Alberto L, Romero-Moreno R, Marquez-Gonzalez M. Family caregivers of people with dementia in the context of the sociocultural stress and coping model: An examination of gender differences. J Women Aging. 2023 Jul-Aug;35(4):354-368. doi: 10.1080/08952841.2022.2052705. Epub 2022 Mar 26.

    PubMed 35343403
  • Riffin C, Van Ness PH, Wolff JL, Fried T. Multifactorial Examination of Caregiver Burden in a National Sample of Family and Unpaid Caregivers. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2019 Feb;67(2):277-283. doi: 10.1111/jgs.15664. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

    PubMed 30452088
  • Marques MJ, Tan EYL, Woods B, Jelley H, Kerpershoek L, Hopper L, Irving K, Bieber A, Stephan A, Skoldunger A, Sjolund BM, Selbaek G, Rosvik J, Zanetti O, Portolani DM, Maroco J, de Vugt M, Verhey F, Goncalves-Pereira M; Actifcare Consortium. Trajectories of relationship quality in dementia: a longitudinal study in eight European countries. Aging Ment Health. 2022 Nov;26(11):2307-2315. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2021.1969641. Epub 2021 Sep 6.

    PubMed 34486887
  • National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Board on Health Care Services; Board on Health Sciences Policy; Committee on Care Interventions for Individuals with Dementia and Their Caregivers; Stroud C, Larson EB, editors. Meeting the Challenge of Caring for Persons Living with Dementia and Their Care Partners and Caregivers: A Way Forward. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2021 Feb 23. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK567818/

    PubMed 33625814
  • Butler M, et al. Care Interventions for People Living With Dementia and Their Caregivers. Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 231. (Prepared by the Minnesota Evidence-based Practice Center under Contract No. 290-2015-00008-I.) AHRQ Publication No. 20-EHC023. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; August 2020. Errata December 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23970/AHRQEPCCER231.

  • Cochran DM, Fallon D, Hill M, Frazier JA. The role of oxytocin in psychiatric disorders: a review of biological and therapeutic research findings. Harv Rev Psychiatry. 2013 Sep-Oct;21(5):219-47. doi: 10.1097/HRP.0b013e3182a75b7d.

    PubMed 24651556
  • Viero C, Shibuya I, Kitamura N, Verkhratsky A, Fujihara H, Katoh A, Ueta Y, Zingg HH, Chvatal A, Sykova E, Dayanithi G. REVIEW: Oxytocin: Crossing the bridge between basic science and pharmacotherapy. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2010 Oct;16(5):e138-56. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-5949.2010.00185.x. Epub 2010 Jul 7.

    PubMed 20626426
  • Simeon D, Bartz J, Hamilton H, Crystal S, Braun A, Ketay S, Hollander E. Oxytocin administration attenuates stress reactivity in borderline personality disorder: a pilot study. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2011 Oct;36(9):1418-21. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.03.013. Epub 2011 May 4.

    PubMed 21546164
  • Olff M, Frijling JL, Kubzansky LD, Bradley B, Ellenbogen MA, Cardoso C, Bartz JA, Yee JR, van Zuiden M. The role of oxytocin in social bonding, stress regulation and mental health: an update on the moderating effects of context and interindividual differences. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2013 Sep;38(9):1883-94. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.06.019. Epub 2013 Jul 12.

    PubMed 23856187
  • De Cagna F, Fusar-Poli L, Damiani S, Rocchetti M, Giovanna G, Mori A, Politi P, Brondino N. The Role of Intranasal Oxytocin in Anxiety and Depressive Disorders: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci. 2019 Feb 28;17(1):1-11. doi: 10.9758/cpn.2019.17.1.1.

    PubMed 30690935

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A Phase 2 study testing Oxytocin Intranasal Spray 12 International Unit (12IU), Oxytocin Intranasal Spray 24 International Unit (24IU) and Functional MRI in people with Stress, run by University of Nebraska at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 13 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 2 Nov 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

What does this phase mean?

Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.

Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.

Are results available for this study?

This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

Contact Soonjo Hwang, MD (402-552-6351, soonjo.hwang@unmc.edu), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Chronic Stress Level in the Past Thirty Days (time frame: Baseline (Visit 1) and Post-intervention (Visit 2)). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06364228, which also lists 36 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 2 Nov 2026.

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