PainNCT06598410
Playing Digital Games and Watching Cartoons on Children&Amp;#39;s Pain, Fear, and Anxiety
A study testing Digital gaming and watching cartoon in people with Pain and Fear, run by Tarsus University at 2 sites in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
The study was planned as a randomized controlled experimental study to determine the effect of playing digital games and watching cartoons on the pain, fear, and anxiety levels of children during suturing in the pediatric emergency unit. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 5 to 10 years
- What is being tested?
- Digital gaming and watching cartoon
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 90 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Jul 2024to 29 Apr 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 5 to 10 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child
Who may be able to join
- Between 5-10 years old
- Suture removal will be applied
- Number of sutures 3 or more
- volunteering to participate in the study.
Who cannot join
- No previous suturing procedure
- Suturing to be applied to the hand, arm area
- The child has visual, hearing and intellectual disabilities
- Having a physical problem that prevents them from playing digital games
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)2 sites
Tarsus University
Mersin, 33400
Tarsus University
Tarsus
About this study
Official title: The Effect of Playing Digital Games and Watching Cartoons on Children&Amp;#39;s Pain, Fear, and Anxiety Levels During Suturing in Pediatric Emergency Unit
The study was planned as a randomized controlled experimental study to determine the effect of playing digital games and watching cartoons on the pain, fear, and anxiety levels of children during suturing in the pediatric emergency unit. The population of the study, which is planned as a randomized controlled experimental study, will consist of children between the ages of 5-10 who apply to the Trauma Unit of the Pediatric Emergency Unit of Tarsus State Hospital and undergo suturing.
As a result of the Power analysis (G*Power 3.1.9.2); effect size = 1.136, 95% confidence interval, 95% power, it was calculated that a total of 66 children, at least 22 in each group, should be included. Considering that there may be dropout and confounding variables in the research process, it was determined as 90 children in total, with 30 children in each group.
Read more
Implementation Stage 1: A pool of cartoons that can be watched and digital games that can be played, suitable for the level of the child in the 5-10 age group, will be created by the researchers by taking the opinion of the relevant experts. The created children\'s cartoon and digital game pool will be sent to experts in the field (child development specialist, child psychiatrist, child nurse).
Stage 2: A pilot study will be conducted with 10 children to evaluate the suitability of data collection forms, digital games and cartoons for children.
Stage 3: The children and family members in the sample group will be informed about how the application will be carried out and about the research, and written permission will be obtained from the family and verbal permission will be obtained from the child.
It will be ensured that the children in all groups will have their parents with them during the procedure.
Stage 4: Children who meet the sample selection criteria will be divided into 3 groups (1st study group, 2nd study group, and 3rd group control group) through a computerized programme.
Stage 5: The data collection form in the research will be applied to the children in the sample group before the procedure.
6th Stage: The pain, fear and anxiety of the children in all groups before the procedure will be evaluated by the child, parent and nurse.
Read the detailed description
Children experience a traumatic process if cuts occur anywhere on their body after an accident. It has been reported that nursing interventions applied during incision suturing relieve the anxiety and fears of the child. Two main ways are defined as pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods in pain and anxiety management. Therefore, standards have not yet been established for their inclusion in daily patient care. Non-pharmacological methods aim to reduce fear, anxiety, and pain and to give children a sense of control. Both physical and cognitive behavioral approaches are necessary to provide a comfortable environment for children. It is also important to use non-pharmacological interventions during medical procedures to reduce the stress experienced by parents. Nurses can apply these methods independently and encourage family members to participate in patient care actively. Visual distractions minimize pain and also allow action to be taken in an emergency. Various games and cartoons allow the child to express their fears, misconceptions, and anxieties in their own way, both verbally and non-verbally, thus helping the child to cope with stressful situations.
The study was planned as a randomized controlled experimental study to determine the effect of playing digital games and watching cartoons on the pain, fear, and anxiety levels of children during suturing in the pediatric emergency unit. The population of the study, which is planned as a randomized controlled experimental study, will consist of children between the ages of 5-10 who apply to the Trauma Unit of the Pediatric Emergency Unit of Tarsus State Hospital and undergo suturing.
While determining the sample size of the study, as the result of the literature review to determine the effect size sample size, Kavlakcı (2020) 'The Effect of Digital Game Playing on Pain, Fear and Anxiety Levels During Suturing in Children: A Randomised Controlled Study' was taken as a basis. As a result of the Power analysis (G*Power 3.1.9.2); effect size = 1.136, 95% confidence interval, 95% power, it was calculated that a total of 66 children, at least 22 in each group, should be included. Considering that there may be dropout and confounding variables in the research process, it was determined as 90 children in total, with 30 children in each group.
The data of the research will be collected using the following data collection tool:
Introductory Information Form: It consists of a total of 15 questions, including sociodemographic characteristics (13) questions and (2) questions about the procedure, prepared in line with the literature.
- Child Fear Scale: The scale was developed by Thurillet et al. to evaluate the fears of children based on the self-report of children aged 4-12 years. Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted by Tavşan et al. The scale consists of six facial expressions. The scale grades fear with a score ranging from 0 to 10 (gradually graded two by two) consistent with pain rating scales. The first facial expression indicates that there is no fear, the fear increases as you go from right to left, and the sixth facial expression indicates that the level of fear is the highest. A statistically significant positive and very high correlation was obtained between the Fear Scale and the Child Fear Scale. The high correlation value between the two forms shows that the child form is valid. The content validity index and item-coverage validity index values of the scale were found to be 0.98. A very good statistically significant agreement was achieved between the Fear Scale and the Child Fear Scale. Permission for the use of the scale was obtained from the author via e-mail.
- Child Anxiety Scale-Dispositional Scale (CAS-D) :The Turkish validity and reliability study of the Child Anxiety Scale-Dispositional (CAS-D) scale developed by Ersig et al. to measure the anxiety levels of children aged 4-10 years was conducted by Gerçeker et al. The CAS-D scale is shaped like a thermometer with a light bulb at the bottom and horizontal lines with intervals going upwards. In this scale for children aged 4-10 years, children are asked 'Imagine that all your anxious or nervous feelings are at the bulb or bottom of the thermometer' or 'If you are a little anxious or nervous, the feelings may go up a little on the thermometer. If you are very, very anxious, or nervous, emotions can go all the way to the top. Put a line on the thermometer showing how anxious or nervous you are. In order to measure state anxiety (CAS-D), the child is asked to tick how he/she feels 'right now'. The score can vary between 0-10. Permission for the use of the scale was obtained from the author via e-mail.
- Wong-Baker Pain Scale: It was developed by Donna Wong and Connie Morain Baker in 1980 and adapted again in 1983 to measure the pain levels of pediatric patients. There are 6 facial expressions scored between 0-5. In the Wong-Baker Scale, there are facial expressions indicating the increasing degree of pain from 0 to 5 from left to right.
- Life Findings Follow-up Form: It was prepared to record the heart rate, saturation value and respiration values of the children when they came to the trauma unit before the procedure and the vital signs measured immediately after the procedure.
- Being tested
- Digital gaming, watching cartoon
- Keywords
- pain, fear, anxiety, emergency, pediatri
- Medical subject headings
- Pain, Anxiety Disorders, Emergencies
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Digital gamingOther
Children in this group will be allowed to play digital games 5 minutes before the procedure starts. They will continue to play the game during the procedure.
watching cartoonOther
Children in this group will be shown a cartoon film 5 minutes before the procedure. They will continue to play the game during the procedure.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Digital Gaming | Experimental | Children will play digital games during suturing in the Paediatric Emergency Unit Receives: Other: Digital gaming |
| Watching Cartoon | Experimental | Children will watching cartoon during suturing in the Paediatric Emergency Unit Receives: Other: watching cartoon |
| Control | No intervention | Children will not be subjected to any form of distraction |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
pain level
Wong Baker Pain Scale: It was developed by Donna Wong and Connie Morain Baker in 1980 and adapted again in 1983 to measure the pain levels of paediatric patients. There are 6 facial expressions scored between 0-5. In the Wong-Baker Scale, there are facial expressions indicating the degree of pain increasing from 0 to 5 from left to right.
Measured: 1 hour
fear
Child Fear Scale: The scale was developed by Thurillet et al. It was developed to evaluate children\'s fears based on self-report of children aged 4-12 years. The scale consists of six facial expressions. The scale grades fear with a score ranging from 0 to 10 (gradually graded two by two) consistent with pain rating scales. The first facial expression shows that there is no fear, the fear increases as you go from right to left, and the sixth facial expression shows that the level of fear is the highest. A statistically significant positive and very high correlation was obtained between the Fear Scale and the Child Fear Scale (r=0.973; p;0.001). The high correlation value between the two forms shows that the child form is valid.
Measured: 1 hour
anxiety
Child Anxiety Scale-Dispositional Scale (CAS-D): It was developed by Ersig et al. (2013) to measure the anxiety levels of children aged 4-10 years. The CAS-D scale is shaped like a thermometer with a light bulb at the bottom and horizontal lines with intervals going upwards. In this scale for children aged 4-10 years, children are asked 'Imagine that all your anxious or nervous feelings are at the bulb or bottom of the thermometer' or 'If you are a little worried or nervous, the feelings may go up a little on the thermometer. If you are very, very anxious or nervous, emotions can go all the way to the top. Put a line on the thermometer showing how anxious or nervous you are'. In order to measure state anxiety (CAS-D), the child is asked to tick how he/she feels 'right now'. The score can range from 0-10.
Measured: 1 hour
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted19 Sep 2024
- Study start1 Jul 2024
- Primary completion29 Apr 2025
- Study completion29 Apr 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (9)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for PainStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 90 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Tarsus University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Atiye Karakul, Tarsus University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06598410
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2024/76
- Status last verified
- Jan 2026
- First submitted
- 13 Sep 2024
- Last updated
- 7 Jan 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided
Publications
Duzkaya DS, Bozkurt G, Ulupinar S, Uysal G, Ucar S, Uysalol M. The Effect of a Cartoon and an Information Video About Intravenous Insertion on Pain and Fear in Children Aged 6 to 12 Years in the Pediatric Emergency Unit: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Emerg Nurs. 2021 Jan;47(1):76-87. doi: 10.1016/j.jen.2020.04.011. Epub 2020 Jul 18.
PubMed 32690314Topan, A., Bayram, D. ve Ayyıldız, T. K. (2019) Pediatrik Acil Servise Başvuran 0- 18 Yaş Grubu Olgular: Retrospektif İnceleme. İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi. Vol. 4(3-1), ss. 300-305.
Yıldız S. Acile başvuran çocuk ve aileye psikososyal yaklaşım. Atatürk Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi. 2006; 9(3); 69-76
Thurillet S, Bahans C, Wood C, Bougnard S, Labrunie A, Messager V, Toniolo J, Beloni P, Fourcade L. Psychometric properties of a self-assessment fear scale in children aged 4 to 12 years. Scary Scale. J Pediatr Nurs. 2022 Jul-Aug;65:108-115. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2022.02.020. Epub 2022 Mar 14.
PubMed 35300885HasasnTehrani, T., Pakzad, A., Mohammadi, F., Tapak, L., &Azmamoun, H. (2022). Effect of Pre-endoscopyPreparation Program on Children'sAnxietyandParentalSatisfaction: A Clinical Trial Study. EvidenceBasedCare, 11(4), 48-54.
Guerrero-Marquez G, Martinez-Serrano A, Miguez-Navarro C, Lopez-Miron JA, Espartosa-Larrayad M. [Knowledge of nurses about medication doses at pediatric urgency departament]. Enferm Clin. 2016 Jul-Aug;26(4):213-9. doi: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2016.04.009. Epub 2016 Jun 11. Spanish.
PubMed 27297176Chen YJ, Cheng SF, Lee PC, Lai CH, Hou IC, Chen CW. Distraction using virtual reality for children during intravenous injections in an emergency department: A randomised trial. J Clin Nurs. 2020 Feb;29(3-4):503-510. doi: 10.1111/jocn.15088. Epub 2019 Dec 4.
PubMed 31715039Capua T, Kama ZB, Rimon A. The influence of an accredited pediatric emergency medicine program on the management of pediatric pain and anxiety. Isr J Health Policy Res. 2018 Mar 21;7(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s13584-018-0211-6.
PubMed 29562929Abuqamar M, Arabiat DH, Holmes S. Parents' Perceived Satisfaction of Care, Communication and Environment of the Pediatric Intensive Care Units at a Tertiary Children's Hospital. J Pediatr Nurs. 2016 May-Jun;31(3):e177-84. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2015.12.009. Epub 2016 Jan 20.
PubMed 26803562
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 7 Jan 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Playing Digital Games and Watching Cartoons on Children&Amp;#39;s Pain, Fear, and Anxiety Levels During Suturing in Pediatric Emergency Unit
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06598410
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2024/76
- Keywords
- pain, fear, anxiety, emergency, pediatri
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 90 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Tarsus UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jul 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 29 Apr 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 29 Apr 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 19 Sep 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The study was planned as a randomized controlled experimental study to determine the effect of playing digital games and watching cartoons on the pain, fear, and anxiety levels of children during suturing in the pediatric emergency unit. The population of the study, which is planned as a randomized controlled experimental study, will consist of children between the ages of 5-10 who apply to the Trauma Unit of the Pediatric Emergency Unit of Tarsus State Hospital and undergo suturing.
As a result of the Power analysis (G*Power 3.1.9.2); effect size = 1.136, 95% confidence interval, 95% power, it was calculated that a total of 66 children, at least 22 in each group, should be included. Considering that there may be dropout and confounding variables in the research process, it was determined as 90 children in total, with 30 children in each group.
Implementation Stage 1: A pool of cartoons that can be watched and digital games that can be played, suitable for the level of the child in the 5-10 age group, will be created by the researchers by taking the opinion of the relevant experts. The created children\'s cartoon and digital game pool will be sent to experts in the field (child development specialist, child psychiatrist, child nurse).
Stage 2: A pilot study will be conducted with 10 children to evaluate the suitability of data collection forms, digital games and cartoons for children.
Stage 3: The children and family members in the sample group will be informed about how the application will be carried out and about the research, and written permission will be obtained from the family and verbal permission will be obtained from the child.
It will be ensured that the children in all groups will have their parents with them during the procedure.
Stage 4: Children who meet the sample selection criteria will be divided into 3 groups (1st study group, 2nd study group, and 3rd group control group) through a computerized programme.
Stage 5: The data collection form in the research will be applied to the children in the sample group before the procedure.
6th Stage: The pain, fear and anxiety of the children in all groups before the procedure will be evaluated by the child, parent and nurse.
Detailed description
Children experience a traumatic process if cuts occur anywhere on their body after an accident. It has been reported that nursing interventions applied during incision suturing relieve the anxiety and fears of the child. Two main ways are defined as pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods in pain and anxiety management. Therefore, standards have not yet been established for their inclusion in daily patient care. Non-pharmacological methods aim to reduce fear, anxiety, and pain and to give children a sense of control. Both physical and cognitive behavioral approaches are necessary to provide a comfortable environment for children. It is also important to use non-pharmacological interventions during medical procedures to reduce the stress experienced by parents. Nurses can apply these methods independently and encourage family members to participate in patient care actively. Visual distractions minimize pain and also allow action to be taken in an emergency. Various games and cartoons allow the child to express their fears, misconceptions, and anxieties in their own way, both verbally and non-verbally, thus helping the child to cope with stressful situations.
The study was planned as a randomized controlled experimental study to determine the effect of playing digital games and watching cartoons on the pain, fear, and anxiety levels of children during suturing in the pediatric emergency unit. The population of the study, which is planned as a randomized controlled experimental study, will consist of children between the ages of 5-10 who apply to the Trauma Unit of the Pediatric Emergency Unit of Tarsus State Hospital and undergo suturing.
While determining the sample size of the study, as the result of the literature review to determine the effect size sample size, Kavlakcı (2020) 'The Effect of Digital Game Playing on Pain, Fear and Anxiety Levels During Suturing in Children: A Randomised Controlled Study' was taken as a basis. As a result of the Power analysis (G*Power 3.1.9.2); effect size = 1.136, 95% confidence interval, 95% power, it was calculated that a total of 66 children, at least 22 in each group, should be included. Considering that there may be dropout and confounding variables in the research process, it was determined as 90 children in total, with 30 children in each group.
The data of the research will be collected using the following data collection tool:
Introductory Information Form: It consists of a total of 15 questions, including sociodemographic characteristics (13) questions and (2) questions about the procedure, prepared in line with the literature.
- Child Fear Scale: The scale was developed by Thurillet et al. to evaluate the fears of children based on the self-report of children aged 4-12 years. Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted by Tavşan et al. The scale consists of six facial expressions. The scale grades fear with a score ranging from 0 to 10 (gradually graded two by two) consistent with pain rating scales. The first facial expression indicates that there is no fear, the fear increases as you go from right to left, and the sixth facial expression indicates that the level of fear is the highest. A statistically significant positive and very high correlation was obtained between the Fear Scale and the Child Fear Scale. The high correlation value between the two forms shows that the child form is valid. The content validity index and item-coverage validity index values of the scale were found to be 0.98. A very good statistically significant agreement was achieved between the Fear Scale and the Child Fear Scale. Permission for the use of the scale was obtained from the author via e-mail.
- Child Anxiety Scale-Dispositional Scale (CAS-D) :The Turkish validity and reliability study of the Child Anxiety Scale-Dispositional (CAS-D) scale developed by Ersig et al. to measure the anxiety levels of children aged 4-10 years was conducted by Gerçeker et al. The CAS-D scale is shaped like a thermometer with a light bulb at the bottom and horizontal lines with intervals going upwards. In this scale for children aged 4-10 years, children are asked 'Imagine that all your anxious or nervous feelings are at the bulb or bottom of the thermometer' or 'If you are a little anxious or nervous, the feelings may go up a little on the thermometer. If you are very, very anxious, or nervous, emotions can go all the way to the top. Put a line on the thermometer showing how anxious or nervous you are. In order to measure state anxiety (CAS-D), the child is asked to tick how he/she feels 'right now'. The score can vary between 0-10. Permission for the use of the scale was obtained from the author via e-mail.
- Wong-Baker Pain Scale: It was developed by Donna Wong and Connie Morain Baker in 1980 and adapted again in 1983 to measure the pain levels of pediatric patients. There are 6 facial expressions scored between 0-5. In the Wong-Baker Scale, there are facial expressions indicating the increasing degree of pain from 0 to 5 from left to right.
- Life Findings Follow-up Form: It was prepared to record the heart rate, saturation value and respiration values of the children when they came to the trauma unit before the procedure and the vital signs measured immediately after the procedure.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Digital Gaming | Experimental | Other: Digital gamingChildren will play digital games during suturing in the Paediatric Emergency Unit |
| Watching Cartoon | Experimental | Other: watching cartoonChildren will watching cartoon during suturing in the Paediatric Emergency Unit |
| Control | No intervention | –Children will not be subjected to any form of distraction |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 5 to 10 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Between 5-10 years old
- Suture removal will be applied
- Number of sutures 3 or more
- volunteering to participate in the study.
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- No previous suturing procedure
- Suturing to be applied to the hand, arm area
- The child has visual, hearing and intellectual disabilities
- Having a physical problem that prevents them from playing digital games
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Digital gamingChildren in this group will be allowed to play digital games 5 minutes before the procedure starts. They will continue to play the game during the procedure. | Other | Digital Gaming |
| watching cartoonChildren in this group will be shown a cartoon film 5 minutes before the procedure. They will continue to play the game during the procedure. | Other | Watching Cartoon |
Primary outcome
pain level
Time frame: 1 hour
Wong Baker Pain Scale: It was developed by Donna Wong and Connie Morain Baker in 1980 and adapted again in 1983 to measure the pain levels of paediatric patients. There are 6 facial expressions scored between 0-5. In the Wong-Baker Scale, there are facial expressions indicating the degree of pain increasing from 0 to 5 from left to right.
fear
Time frame: 1 hour
Child Fear Scale: The scale was developed by Thurillet et al. It was developed to evaluate children\'s fears based on self-report of children aged 4-12 years. The scale consists of six facial expressions. The scale grades fear with a score ranging from 0 to 10 (gradually graded two by two) consistent with pain rating scales. The first facial expression shows that there is no fear, the fear increases as you go from right to left, and the sixth facial expression shows that the level of fear is the highest. A statistically significant positive and very high correlation was obtained between the Fear Scale and the Child Fear Scale (r=0.973; p;0.001). The high correlation value between the two forms shows that the child form is valid.
anxiety
Time frame: 1 hour
Child Anxiety Scale-Dispositional Scale (CAS-D): It was developed by Ersig et al. (2013) to measure the anxiety levels of children aged 4-10 years. The CAS-D scale is shaped like a thermometer with a light bulb at the bottom and horizontal lines with intervals going upwards. In this scale for children aged 4-10 years, children are asked 'Imagine that all your anxious or nervous feelings are at the bulb or bottom of the thermometer' or 'If you are a little worried or nervous, the feelings may go up a little on the thermometer. If you are very, very anxious or nervous, emotions can go all the way to the top. Put a line on the thermometer showing how anxious or nervous you are'. In order to measure state anxiety (CAS-D), the child is asked to tick how he/she feels 'right now'. The score can range from 0-10.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 7 Jan 2026.
- Results publication: PubMed 32690314Duzkaya DS, Bozkurt G, Ulupinar S, Uysal G, Ucar S, Uysalol M. The Effect of a Cartoon and an Information Video About Intravenous Insertion on Pain and Fear in Children Aged 6 to 12 Years in the Pediatric Emergency Unit: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Emerg Nurs. 2021 Jan;47(1):76-87. doi: 10.1016/j.jen.2020.04.011. Epub 2020 Jul 18.
- Results publicationTopan, A., Bayram, D. ve Ayyıldız, T. K. (2019) Pediatrik Acil Servise Başvuran 0- 18 Yaş Grubu Olgular: Retrospektif İnceleme. İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi. Vol. 4(3-1), ss. 300-305.
- Results publicationYıldız S. Acile başvuran çocuk ve aileye psikososyal yaklaşım. Atatürk Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi. 2006; 9(3); 69-76
- Results publication: PubMed 35300885Thurillet S, Bahans C, Wood C, Bougnard S, Labrunie A, Messager V, Toniolo J, Beloni P, Fourcade L. Psychometric properties of a self-assessment fear scale in children aged 4 to 12 years. Scary Scale. J Pediatr Nurs. 2022 Jul-Aug;65:108-115. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2022.02.020. Epub 2022 Mar 14.
- Results publicationHasasnTehrani, T., Pakzad, A., Mohammadi, F., Tapak, L., &Azmamoun, H. (2022). Effect of Pre-endoscopyPreparation Program on Children'sAnxietyandParentalSatisfaction: A Clinical Trial Study. EvidenceBasedCare, 11(4), 48-54.
- Results publication: PubMed 27297176Guerrero-Marquez G, Martinez-Serrano A, Miguez-Navarro C, Lopez-Miron JA, Espartosa-Larrayad M. [Knowledge of nurses about medication doses at pediatric urgency departament]. Enferm Clin. 2016 Jul-Aug;26(4):213-9. doi: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2016.04.009. Epub 2016 Jun 11. Spanish.
- Results publication: PubMed 31715039Chen YJ, Cheng SF, Lee PC, Lai CH, Hou IC, Chen CW. Distraction using virtual reality for children during intravenous injections in an emergency department: A randomised trial. J Clin Nurs. 2020 Feb;29(3-4):503-510. doi: 10.1111/jocn.15088. Epub 2019 Dec 4.
- Results publication: PubMed 29562929Capua T, Kama ZB, Rimon A. The influence of an accredited pediatric emergency medicine program on the management of pediatric pain and anxiety. Isr J Health Policy Res. 2018 Mar 21;7(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s13584-018-0211-6.
- Results publication: PubMed 26803562Abuqamar M, Arabiat DH, Holmes S. Parents' Perceived Satisfaction of Care, Communication and Environment of the Pediatric Intensive Care Units at a Tertiary Children's Hospital. J Pediatr Nurs. 2016 May-Jun;31(3):e177-84. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2015.12.009. Epub 2016 Jan 20.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Digital gaming and watching cartoon in people with Pain and Fear, run by Tarsus University at 2 sites in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 7 Jan 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
pain level (time frame: 1 hour). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06598410, which also lists 9 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 7 Jan 2026.