Deglutition DisordersNCT06637774
The Aspirometer: A Noninvasive Tool for Detecting Aspiration Aim 3
A study testing Aspirometer and Videofluoroscopic X-ray in people with Deglutition Disorders, run by University of Pittsburgh at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
This investigation evaluates the effectiveness of a device called the Aspirometer, which uses high resolution cervical auscultation (HRCA), in detecting when food or liquids enter the airway (aspiration) of the person swallowing, whether the person swallowing shows signs of aspiration (coughing) or not. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 100 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Deglutition Disorders
- What is being tested?
- Aspirometer and Videofluoroscopic X-ray
- Type of treatment
- Medical device
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 50 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 30 Sep 2022to 31 May 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 100 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- referred by an attending physician as an inpatient, for a modified barium swallow examination due to suspected dysphagia and aspiration
Who cannot join
- tracheostomy
- pregnant
- unable to follow verbal commands
- anatomic disruption of head neck
- radiation therapy to head or neck
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Oakland campus
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260
About this study
Official title: The Aspirometer: A Noninvasive Tool for Detecting Aspiration
This investigation evaluates the effectiveness of a device called the Aspirometer, which uses high resolution cervical auscultation (HRCA), in detecting when food or liquids enter the airway (aspiration) of the person swallowing, whether the person swallowing shows signs of aspiration (coughing) or not.
Read the detailed description
This aim of the project seeks to discriminate normal from abnormal airway protection and kinematic functions noninvasively via machine-learning analysis of Aspirometer/HRCA (high resolution cervical auscultation) signals, with similar accuracy as human judgment of VF. Hypothesis: Advanced data analytics can detect pathological airway protection in HRCA signal signatures with 90% accuracy when compared to a human expert's airway protection ratings from VF images. Analytical algorithms that can learn from data (e.g., Bayes' learning) will be used to infer about the continuum of abnormal airway protection during swallowing.
- Conditions
- Deglutition Disorders
- Being tested
- Aspirometer, Videofluoroscopic X-ray
- Keywords
- dysphagia, artificial intelligence, machine learning
- Medical subject headings
- Deglutition Disorders
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
AspirometerDevice
Also called high resolution cervical auscultation
a triaxial accelerometer and a contact microphone affixed with tape to patient neck, a data accrual infrastructure, algorithms that decode swallow physiology noninvasively
Videofluoroscopic X-rayDevice
Also called Modified barium swallow study (MBS)
MBS is a fluoroscopic diagnostic test to evaluate swallowing physiology. Its images are judged by humans trained to do so.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study + Aspirometer | Experimental | Consecutively referred patients for modified barium swallow due to suspicion of dysphagia with aspiration, undergo the modified barium swallow test with Aspirometer sensors taped to the anterior neck. Signals are time-linked to images. Receives: Device: Aspirometer; Device: Videofluoroscopic X-ray |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Numbers of Participants for Which the Aspirometer/HRCA Predicted the Passed Versus Failed Swallow Test Result
Patients will undergo the Yale Swallow Protocol Screening Test and videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFS) while being concurrently monitored by the Aspirometer. Blinded trained human judges will score the screening test per its protocol indicating pass or fail based on the test's manual. Participants then immediately undergo a videofluoroscopic swallowing study during the same visit. Judgments of their penetration-aspiration scale (PAS) scores on the will serve as the gold standard for whether abnormal airway protection occurs during a swallow.
The Yale swallow protocol involves a patient suspected of dysphagia with aspiration, drinking an aliquot of water (90mL) from a cup. Patient PASSES the screen if they drink the aliquot continuously without pausing, and if they do not cough or clear their throat after the swallow (one minute observation). Patients who PASS are assumed to NOT aspirate, patients who FAIL are assumed to aspirate.
Measured: day 1
Percentage of PAS Scores That Were Accurately Predicted by the Aspirometer/HRCA, in Comparison to Modified Barium Swallow Test.
The Penetration Aspiration Scale is an 8-point ordinal scale validated in 1996. Scale range 1(best)-8(worst).
Normal:
- no contrast entered the airway
- shallow laryngeal vestibule penetration of contrast above the vocal folds, NO airway residue observed Moderate:
- shallow laryngeal vestibule penetration above the vocal folds, airway residue IS observed
- deep laryngeal penetration to the inferior larynx, NO airway residue is observed
- deep laryngeal penetration to the inferior larynx, airway residue IS observed
- transient aspiration-contrast enters trachea and is ejected from trachea Severe:
- aspiration with observable tracheal residue, spontaneous airway clearance response ineffective
- silent aspiration-aspiration-no observed effort or reflexive reaction to clear airway
Measured: day 1
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted15 Oct 2024
- Study start30 Sep 2022
- Primary completion31 May 2023
- Study completion31 May 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (15)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Deglutition DisordersStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of PittsburghThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Screening
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Model description
- Prospective study of patients referred for videofluoroscopic swallow study, consenting to parallel data collection of signals. No control group.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 50 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Pittsburgh
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- University of Toronto, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, James Coyle, University of Pittsburgh
- Investigators
- James Coyle, Principal investigator, University of Pittsburgh
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06637774
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- STUDY22040175 (Aim 3)
- Other IDs
- R01HD074819
- Status last verified
- Feb 2025
- First submitted
- 30 Jul 2024
- Last updated
- 19 Feb 2025
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: algorithms, not individual participant data, will be made available to other researchers through an FTP (file transfer protocol) site
Publications
Khalifa Y, Mahoney AS, Lucatorto E, Coyle JL, Sejdic E. Non-Invasive Sensor-Based Estimation of Anterior-Posterior Upper Esophageal Sphincter Opening Maximal Distension. IEEE J Transl Eng Health Med. 2023 Feb 20;11:182-190. doi: 10.1109/JTEHM.2023.3246919. eCollection 2023.
PubMed 36873304Mahoney AS, Khalifa Y, Lucatorto E, Sejdic E, Coyle JL. Cervical Vertebral Height Approximates Hyoid Displacement in Videofluoroscopic Images of Healthy Adults. Dysphagia. 2022 Dec;37(6):1689-1696. doi: 10.1007/s00455-022-10414-8. Epub 2022 Mar 1.
PubMed 35230537Schwartz R, Khalifa Y, Lucatorto E, Perera S, Coyle J, Sejdic E. A Preliminary Investigation of Similarities of High Resolution Cervical Auscultation Signals Between Thin Liquid Barium and Water Swallows. IEEE J Transl Eng Health Med. 2021 Dec 10;10:4900109. doi: 10.1109/JTEHM.2021.3134926. eCollection 2022.
PubMed 34963825Shu K, Coyle JL, Perera S, Khalifa Y, Sabry A, Sejdic E. Anterior-posterior distension of maximal upper esophageal sphincter opening is correlated with high-resolution cervical auscultation signal features. Physiol Meas. 2021 Apr 6;42(3). doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/abe7cb.
PubMed 33601360Donohue C, Khalifa Y, Perera S, Sejdic E, Coyle JL. A Preliminary Investigation of Whether HRCA Signals Can Differentiate Between Swallows from Healthy People and Swallows from People with Neurodegenerative Diseases. Dysphagia. 2021 Aug;36(4):635-643. doi: 10.1007/s00455-020-10177-0. Epub 2020 Sep 5.
PubMed 32889627Sejdic E, Malandraki GA, Coyle JL. Computational deglutition: Signal and image processing methods to understand swallowing and associated disorders. IEEE Signal Process Mag. 2019 Jan;36(1):138-146. doi: 10.1109/MSP.2018.2875863. Epub 2018 Dec 25. No abstract available.
PubMed 31631954Khalifa Y, Donohue C, Coyle JL, Sejdic E. Autonomous Swallow Segment Extraction Using Deep Learning in Neck-Sensor Vibratory Signals From Patients With Dysphagia. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform. 2023 Feb;27(2):956-967. doi: 10.1109/JBHI.2022.3224323. Epub 2023 Feb 3.
PubMed 36417738Donohue C, Khalifa Y, Mao S, Perera S, Sejdic E, Coyle JL. Characterizing Swallows From People With Neurodegenerative Diseases Using High-Resolution Cervical Auscultation Signals and Temporal and Spatial Swallow Kinematic Measurements. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2021 Sep 14;64(9):3416-3431. doi: 10.1044/2021_JSLHR-21-00134. Epub 2021 Aug 24.
PubMed 34428093Donohue C, Khalifa Y, Mao S, Perera S, Sejdic E, Coyle JL. Establishing Reference Values for Temporal Kinematic Swallow Events Across the Lifespan in Healthy Community Dwelling Adults Using High-Resolution Cervical Auscultation. Dysphagia. 2022 Jun;37(3):664-675. doi: 10.1007/s00455-021-10317-0. Epub 2021 May 20.
PubMed 34018024Sabry A, Mahoney AS, Mao S, Khalifa Y, Sejdic E, Coyle JL. Automatic Estimation of Laryngeal Vestibule Closure Duration Using High- Resolution Cervical Auscultation Signals. Perspect ASHA Spec Interest Groups. 2020 Dec;5(6):1647-1656. doi: 10.1044/2020_persp-20-00073. Epub 2020 Dec 14.
PubMed 35937555Mao S, Sabry A, Khalifa Y, Coyle JL, Sejdic E. Estimation of laryngeal closure duration during swallowing without invasive X-rays. Future Gener Comput Syst. 2021 Feb;115:610-618. doi: 10.1016/j.future.2020.09.040. Epub 2020 Sep 30.
PubMed 33100445Coyle JL, Sejdic E. High-Resolution Cervical Auscultation and Data Science: New Tools to Address an Old Problem. Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2020 Jul 10;29(2S):992-1000. doi: 10.1044/2020_AJSLP-19-00155. Epub 2020 Jul 10.
PubMed 32650655Khalifa Y, Coyle JL, Sejdic E. Non-invasive identification of swallows via deep learning in high resolution cervical auscultation recordings. Sci Rep. 2020 May 26;10(1):8704. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-65492-1.
PubMed 32457331Donohue C, Mao S, Sejdic E, Coyle JL. Tracking Hyoid Bone Displacement During Swallowing Without Videofluoroscopy Using Machine Learning of Vibratory Signals. Dysphagia. 2021 Apr;36(2):259-269. doi: 10.1007/s00455-020-10124-z. Epub 2020 May 17.
PubMed 32419103Zhang Z, Perera S, Donohue C, Kurosu A, Mahoney AS, Coyle JL, Sejdic E. The Prediction of Risk of Penetration-Aspiration Via Hyoid Bone Displacement Features. Dysphagia. 2020 Feb;35(1):66-72. doi: 10.1007/s00455-019-10000-5. Epub 2019 Mar 27.
PubMed 30919104
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 19 Feb 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Aspirometer: A Noninvasive Tool for Detecting Aspiration
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06637774
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- STUDY22040175 (Aim 3)
- Conditions
- Deglutition Disorders
- Keywords
- dysphagia, artificial intelligence, machine learning
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 50 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of PittsburghUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- University of Toronto, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
- Study start
- 30 Sep 2022 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 May 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 31 May 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 15 Oct 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Posted 19 Feb 2025
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This investigation evaluates the effectiveness of a device called the Aspirometer, which uses high resolution cervical auscultation (HRCA), in detecting when food or liquids enter the airway (aspiration) of the person swallowing, whether the person swallowing shows signs of aspiration (coughing) or not.
Detailed description
This aim of the project seeks to discriminate normal from abnormal airway protection and kinematic functions noninvasively via machine-learning analysis of Aspirometer/HRCA (high resolution cervical auscultation) signals, with similar accuracy as human judgment of VF. Hypothesis: Advanced data analytics can detect pathological airway protection in HRCA signal signatures with 90% accuracy when compared to a human expert's airway protection ratings from VF images. Analytical algorithms that can learn from data (e.g., Bayes' learning) will be used to infer about the continuum of abnormal airway protection during swallowing.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Screening
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
- Model description
- Prospective study of patients referred for videofluoroscopic swallow study, consenting to parallel data collection of signals. No control group.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study + Aspirometer | Experimental | Device: Aspirometer, Device: Videofluoroscopic X-rayConsecutively referred patients for modified barium swallow due to suspicion of dysphagia with aspiration, undergo the modified barium swallow test with Aspirometer sensors taped to the anterior neck. Signals are time-linked to images. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 100 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- referred by an attending physician as an inpatient, for a modified barium swallow examination due to suspected dysphagia and aspiration
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- tracheostomy
- pregnant
- unable to follow verbal commands
- anatomic disruption of head neck
- radiation therapy to head or neck
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| AspirometerAlso: high resolution cervical auscultationa triaxial accelerometer and a contact microphone affixed with tape to patient neck, a data accrual infrastructure, algorithms that decode swallow physiology noninvasively | Device | Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study + Aspirometer |
| Videofluoroscopic X-rayAlso: Modified barium swallow study (MBS)MBS is a fluoroscopic diagnostic test to evaluate swallowing physiology. Its images are judged by humans trained to do so. | Device | Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study + Aspirometer |
Primary outcome
Numbers of Participants for Which the Aspirometer/HRCA Predicted the Passed Versus Failed Swallow Test Result
Time frame: day 1
Patients will undergo the Yale Swallow Protocol Screening Test and videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFS) while being concurrently monitored by the Aspirometer. Blinded trained human judges will score the screening test per its protocol indicating pass or fail based on the test's manual. Participants then immediately undergo a videofluoroscopic swallowing study during the same visit. Judgments of their penetration-aspiration scale (PAS) scores on the will serve as the gold standard for whether abnormal airway protection occurs during a swallow. The Yale swallow protocol involves a patient suspected of dysphagia with aspiration, drinking an aliquot of water (90mL) from a cup. Patient PASSES the screen if they drink the aliquot continuously without pausing, and if they do not cough or clear their throat after the swallow (one minute observation). Patients who PASS are assumed to NOT aspirate, patients who FAIL are assumed to aspirate.
Percentage of PAS Scores That Were Accurately Predicted by the Aspirometer/HRCA, in Comparison to Modified Barium Swallow Test.
Time frame: day 1
The Penetration Aspiration Scale is an 8-point ordinal scale validated in 1996. Scale range 1(best)-8(worst). Normal: 1. no contrast entered the airway 2. shallow laryngeal vestibule penetration of contrast above the vocal folds, NO airway residue observed Moderate: 3. shallow laryngeal vestibule penetration above the vocal folds, airway residue IS observed 4. deep laryngeal penetration to the inferior larynx, NO airway residue is observed 5. deep laryngeal penetration to the inferior larynx, airway residue IS observed 6. transient aspiration-contrast enters trachea and is ejected from trachea Severe: 7. aspiration with observable tracheal residue, spontaneous airway clearance response ineffective 8. silent aspiration-aspiration-no observed effort or reflexive reaction to clear airway
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 19 Feb 2025.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Background: PubMed 36873304Khalifa Y, Mahoney AS, Lucatorto E, Coyle JL, Sejdic E. Non-Invasive Sensor-Based Estimation of Anterior-Posterior Upper Esophageal Sphincter Opening Maximal Distension. IEEE J Transl Eng Health Med. 2023 Feb 20;11:182-190. doi: 10.1109/JTEHM.2023.3246919. eCollection 2023.
- Background: PubMed 35230537Mahoney AS, Khalifa Y, Lucatorto E, Sejdic E, Coyle JL. Cervical Vertebral Height Approximates Hyoid Displacement in Videofluoroscopic Images of Healthy Adults. Dysphagia. 2022 Dec;37(6):1689-1696. doi: 10.1007/s00455-022-10414-8. Epub 2022 Mar 1.
- Background: PubMed 34963825Schwartz R, Khalifa Y, Lucatorto E, Perera S, Coyle J, Sejdic E. A Preliminary Investigation of Similarities of High Resolution Cervical Auscultation Signals Between Thin Liquid Barium and Water Swallows. IEEE J Transl Eng Health Med. 2021 Dec 10;10:4900109. doi: 10.1109/JTEHM.2021.3134926. eCollection 2022.
- Background: PubMed 33601360Shu K, Coyle JL, Perera S, Khalifa Y, Sabry A, Sejdic E. Anterior-posterior distension of maximal upper esophageal sphincter opening is correlated with high-resolution cervical auscultation signal features. Physiol Meas. 2021 Apr 6;42(3). doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/abe7cb.
- Background: PubMed 32889627Donohue C, Khalifa Y, Perera S, Sejdic E, Coyle JL. A Preliminary Investigation of Whether HRCA Signals Can Differentiate Between Swallows from Healthy People and Swallows from People with Neurodegenerative Diseases. Dysphagia. 2021 Aug;36(4):635-643. doi: 10.1007/s00455-020-10177-0. Epub 2020 Sep 5.
- Background: PubMed 31631954Sejdic E, Malandraki GA, Coyle JL. Computational deglutition: Signal and image processing methods to understand swallowing and associated disorders. IEEE Signal Process Mag. 2019 Jan;36(1):138-146. doi: 10.1109/MSP.2018.2875863. Epub 2018 Dec 25. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 36417738Khalifa Y, Donohue C, Coyle JL, Sejdic E. Autonomous Swallow Segment Extraction Using Deep Learning in Neck-Sensor Vibratory Signals From Patients With Dysphagia. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform. 2023 Feb;27(2):956-967. doi: 10.1109/JBHI.2022.3224323. Epub 2023 Feb 3.
- Background: PubMed 34428093Donohue C, Khalifa Y, Mao S, Perera S, Sejdic E, Coyle JL. Characterizing Swallows From People With Neurodegenerative Diseases Using High-Resolution Cervical Auscultation Signals and Temporal and Spatial Swallow Kinematic Measurements. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2021 Sep 14;64(9):3416-3431. doi: 10.1044/2021_JSLHR-21-00134. Epub 2021 Aug 24.
- Background: PubMed 34018024Donohue C, Khalifa Y, Mao S, Perera S, Sejdic E, Coyle JL. Establishing Reference Values for Temporal Kinematic Swallow Events Across the Lifespan in Healthy Community Dwelling Adults Using High-Resolution Cervical Auscultation. Dysphagia. 2022 Jun;37(3):664-675. doi: 10.1007/s00455-021-10317-0. Epub 2021 May 20.
- Background: PubMed 35937555Sabry A, Mahoney AS, Mao S, Khalifa Y, Sejdic E, Coyle JL. Automatic Estimation of Laryngeal Vestibule Closure Duration Using High- Resolution Cervical Auscultation Signals. Perspect ASHA Spec Interest Groups. 2020 Dec;5(6):1647-1656. doi: 10.1044/2020_persp-20-00073. Epub 2020 Dec 14.
- Background: PubMed 33100445Mao S, Sabry A, Khalifa Y, Coyle JL, Sejdic E. Estimation of laryngeal closure duration during swallowing without invasive X-rays. Future Gener Comput Syst. 2021 Feb;115:610-618. doi: 10.1016/j.future.2020.09.040. Epub 2020 Sep 30.
- Background: PubMed 32650655Coyle JL, Sejdic E. High-Resolution Cervical Auscultation and Data Science: New Tools to Address an Old Problem. Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2020 Jul 10;29(2S):992-1000. doi: 10.1044/2020_AJSLP-19-00155. Epub 2020 Jul 10.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. algorithms, not individual participant data, will be made available to other researchers through an FTP (file transfer protocol) site
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
James Coyle principal investigator
University of Pittsburgh
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Aspirometer and Videofluoroscopic X-ray in people with Deglutition Disorders, run by University of Pittsburgh at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 19 Feb 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 19 Feb 2025). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Numbers of Participants for Which the Aspirometer/HRCA Predicted the Passed Versus Failed Swallow Test Result (time frame: day 1). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06637774, which also lists 15 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 19 Feb 2025.