Congenital Heart DiseaseWATCH-XNCT06671171
Wearable Assessment of Thoracic, Cardiac Health and Exercise Performance Trial
An observational study of Congenital Heart Disease and Pulmonary Hypertension, run by The University of Hong Kong at 1 site in Hong Kong.
Trial summary
Wearable health technology, particularly smartwatches, has revolutionized personal health monitoring by enabling continuous, non-invasive tracking of various physiological parameters. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 20 to 70 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Congenital Heart Disease, Pulmonary Hypertension, Heart Failure
- What is being tested?
- Apple Watch Series 9
- Type of treatment
- Medical device
- How many people
- 50 participants
- Where
- 1 siteHong Kong
- Study dates
- 3 Feb 2025to 1 Mar 2026
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 20 to 70 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: Adult patients with congenital heart disease, pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, and coronary artery disease, as well as athletes undergoing cardiovascular assessment
Who may be able to join
- Age 20 to 70 years old
- Ability to provide informed consent
- History of the following cardiovascular conditions
- Adult congenital heart disease
- Pulmonary hypertension
- Heart failure
- Coronary artery disease
- Athletes undergoing cardiovascular assessment
Who cannot join
- Contraindication for undergoing physical exertion including cardio-pulmonary exercise testing (CPX) and 6-minute walk test (6MWT)
- Pregnancy
- Known allergy to components of the investigational product
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Wearable health technology, particularly smartwatches, has revolutionized personal health monitoring by enabling continuous, non-invasive tracking of various physiological parameters. The potential applications of these devices in cardiology are extensive, but it is crucial to validate their accuracy against established medical-grade devices.
The Apple Watch Series 9 (Apple, USA) exemplifies the capabilities of modern smartwatches, offering a wide range of health tracking features. These include heart rate monitoring, detection of irregular heart rhythms suggestive of atrial fibrillation, electrocardiogram recording, blood oxygen level measurement, and comprehensive mobility metrics (including VO2 max, six-minute walk distance, walking speed, step length, double support time, and walking asymmetry). Many of these parameters are highly relevant for cardiovascular patients, potentially aiding in disease progression monitoring and adverse event prediction. However, there is a lack of comprehensive validation studies for these devices in specific cardiovascular disease populations.
This investigator-initiated prospective observational study involving 50-100 participants that aims to validate smartwatchbased assessments using medical-grade devices and techniques. The study will focus on adult patients with congenital heart disease, pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, and coronary artery disease, as well as athletes undergoing cardiovascular assessment. By comparing smartwatch data with established clinical measurements, the investigators seek to determine the reliability and potential clinical utility of these wearable devices in diverse cardiovascular contexts. This research will help bridge the gap between consumer-grade wearable technology and clinical practice in cardiology.
Read the detailed description
Trial participants from Queen Mary Hospital and the University of Hong Kong will be recruited. Potential participants will be contacted and provided with a detailed explanation of the study, including its purpose, procedures, risks, and benefits. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants before enrolment. This process involves providing individuals with the informed consent document, allowing time for review and questions, and obtaining their signature if they agree to participate. Participants will receive a copy of the signed consent form for their records.
At Visit 1, Comprehensive demographic and clinical data will be collected from each participant, Clinical Management System (CMS), Electronic Patient Record (ePR), and Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System (CDARS) of the Hospital Authority in Hong Kong. This will include age, sex, height, weight, body mass index, and detailed medical history focusing on cardiovascular conditions. Information about current medications and smoking status will also be recorded. Additionally, participants will undergo a baseline clinical examination, including blood pressure measurement, heart rate, and a 12-lead electrocardiogram.
Participants will undergo a conventional cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX) to determine their maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) at Visit 1. This test will be conducted in a controlled clinical setting under the supervision of cardiologists. Participants will exercise on a treadmill while their respiratory gas exchange is measured using a metabolic cart. The exercise intensity will be gradually increased until the participant reaches volitional exhaustion or predetermined safety criteria are met. The highest oxygen uptake value achieved during the test will be recorded as the VO2max. Participant will concurrently be wearing the investigational smartwatch for pre- and post-SaO2 and VO2max assessment. This gold-standard measurement will serve as the reference for validating the smartwatch's continuous VO2max estimation.
The 6-minute walk distance will be assessed in a hospital setting at Visit 2 under the supervision of a research staff. Participants will be instructed to walk as far as possible in six minutes along a predetermined course, typically a straight hallway. The total distance walked will be measured and recorded. During the test, the research nurse will monitor the participant's heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, and perceived exertion at regular intervals. Participant will concurrently be wearing the investigational smartwatch for pre- and post SaO2 and VO2max assessment.
Participants will be provided with a medical-grade pulse oximeter for home use. They will be instructed to measure their oxygen saturation once daily throughout the one-week study period. Measurements should be taken at approximately the same time each day, preferably in the morning after waking and before any strenuous activity. Participants will record their oxygen saturation readings in a provided log. These daily measurements will serve as reference points for validating the continuous oxygen saturation data collected by the smartwatch.
- Being tested
- Apple Watch Series 9
- Keywords
- congenital heart disease, pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, coronary artery disease, athletes, smartwatch
- Medical subject headings
- Heart Defects, Congenital, Hypertension, Pulmonary, Heart Failure, Coronary Artery Disease
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Apple Watch Series 9Device
Participants will wear Apple Watch Series 9 during cardiopulmonary exercise test (in Visit 1), 1-week study period and 6-Minute walk distance test (in Visit 2) to have assessment of maximal oxygen uptake and pre- and post-SaO2.
During 1-week study period, participants will measure their oxygen saturation once daily with a medical-grade pulse oximeter while wearing the smartwatch continuously.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| WatchX | Participants will wear the investigational smartwatch (Apple Watch Series 9) concurrently for pre- and post-SaO2 and VO2max assessment during cardiopulmonary exercise test at Visit 1.
Through one-week study period, participants will record their oxygen saturation data collected by the smartwatch once daily in a provided log, preferably in the morning after waking and before any strenuous activity.
At Visit 2, participants will walk for a 6-Minute walk test and wear the investigational smartwatch (Apple Watch Series 9) concurrently for pre- and post-SaO2 and VO2max assessment during assessment. Receives: Device: Apple Watch Series 9 |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Correlation between CPX VO2max and smartwatch parameters (virtual VO2 max, physical activity parameters)
VO2 max (ml/min/kg) concurrently measured with a medical-grade device and a smartwatch which has virutal VO2 max and physical activity parameters as assessed during treadmill exercise
Measured: During treadmill exercise in the day of recruitment and concurrently baseline assessment (Visit 1/ Week 1)
Secondary outcomes (5)
Correlation between VO2 max (ml/min/kg) obtained using medical-grade device and smartwatch
VO2 max (ml/min/kg) obtained using medical-grade device and smartwatch during supervised treadmill exercise, supervised 6-minute walk test and mean and max value during other exercise
Measured: From enrollment to end of follow up at Visit 2(Week 2)
Correlation between SaO2 (%) obtained using medical-grade device and smartwatch
SaO2 (%) obtained using medical-grade device and smartwatch during supervised treadmill exercise, supervised 6-minute walk test and during other exercise in the follow up period.
Measured: From enrollment to end of follow up at Visit 2(Week 2)
SaO2 (%) measured by the smartwatch
SaO2 (%) measured by the smartwatch from enrollment to end of follow up period
Measured: From enrollment to end of follow up at Visit 2(Week 2)
SaO2 (%) in participants with severe disease and participants with mild disease
SaO2 (%) in participants with severe versus mild disease from enrollment to end of follow up period
Measured: From enrollment to end of follow up at Visit 2(Week 2)
Novel markers or patterns
Novel markers or patterns indicative of disease severity or predictive of adverse events as assessed from enrollment to end of follow up period
Measured: From enrollment to end of follow up at Visit 2(Week 2)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted4 Nov 2024
- Study start3 Feb 2025
- Primary completion23 Feb 2026
- Study completion1 Mar 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (6)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Congenital Heart DiseaseStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by The University of Hong KongThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Case only
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 50 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- The University of Hong Kong
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Wong Chun Ka, The University of Hong Kong
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06671171
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- WATCH-X
- Other IDs
- HKU / HA HKW IRB
- Acronym
- WATCH-X
- Status last verified
- Apr 2026
- First submitted
- 24 Oct 2024
- Last updated
- 4 May 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- Yes
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided
Publications
Guo Y, Wang H, Zhang H, Liu T, Liang Z, Xia Y, Yan L, Xing Y, Shi H, Li S, Liu Y, Liu F, Feng M, Chen Y, Lip GYH; MAFA II Investigators. Mobile Photoplethysmographic Technology to Detect Atrial Fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019 Nov 12;74(19):2365-2375. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.08.019. Epub 2019 Sep 2.
PubMed 31487545Chan PH, Wong CK, Poh YC, Pun L, Leung WW, Wong YF, Wong MM, Poh MZ, Chu DW, Siu CW. Diagnostic Performance of a Smartphone-Based Photoplethysmographic Application for Atrial Fibrillation Screening in a Primary Care Setting. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Jul 21;5(7):e003428. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.116.003428.
PubMed 27444506Wong CK, Lau YM, Lui HW, Chan WF, San WC, Zhou M, Cheng Y, Huang D, Lai WH, Lau YM, Siu CW. Automatic detection of cardiac conditions from photos of electrocardiogram captured by smartphones. Heart. 2024 Aug 14;110(17):1074-1082. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2023-323822.
PubMed 38768982Mannhart D, Lischer M, Knecht S, du Fay de Lavallaz J, Strebel I, Serban T, Vogeli D, Schaer B, Osswald S, Mueller C, Kuhne M, Sticherling C, Badertscher P. Clinical Validation of 5 Direct-to-Consumer Wearable Smart Devices to Detect Atrial Fibrillation: BASEL Wearable Study. JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2023 Feb;9(2):232-242. doi: 10.1016/j.jacep.2022.09.011. Epub 2023 Jan 18.
PubMed 36858690Perez MV, Mahaffey KW, Hedlin H, Rumsfeld JS, Garcia A, Ferris T, Balasubramanian V, Russo AM, Rajmane A, Cheung L, Hung G, Lee J, Kowey P, Talati N, Nag D, Gummidipundi SE, Beatty A, Hills MT, Desai S, Granger CB, Desai M, Turakhia MP; Apple Heart Study Investigators. Large-Scale Assessment of a Smartwatch to Identify Atrial Fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2019 Nov 14;381(20):1909-1917. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1901183.
PubMed 31722151Wong CK, Un KC, Zhou M, Cheng Y, Lau YM, Shea PC, Lui HW, Zuo ML, Yin LX, Chan EW, Wong ICK, Sin SWC, Yeung PPN, Chen H, Wibowo S, Wei TLN, Lee SM, Chow A, Tong RCF, Hai J, Tam FCC, Siu CW. Daily ambulatory remote monitoring system for drug escalation in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: pilot phase of DAVID-HF study. Eur Heart J Digit Health. 2022 May 7;3(2):284-295. doi: 10.1093/ehjdh/ztac024. eCollection 2022 Jun.
PubMed 36713022
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 4 May 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Wearable Assessment of Thoracic, Cardiac Health and Exercise Performance Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06671171
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- WATCH-X / WATCH-X
- Keywords
- congenital heart disease, pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, coronary artery disease, athletes, smartwatch
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 50 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- The University of Hong KongUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 3 Feb 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 23 Feb 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Mar 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 4 Nov 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Wearable health technology, particularly smartwatches, has revolutionized personal health monitoring by enabling continuous, non-invasive tracking of various physiological parameters. The potential applications of these devices in cardiology are extensive, but it is crucial to validate their accuracy against established medical-grade devices.
The Apple Watch Series 9 (Apple, USA) exemplifies the capabilities of modern smartwatches, offering a wide range of health tracking features. These include heart rate monitoring, detection of irregular heart rhythms suggestive of atrial fibrillation, electrocardiogram recording, blood oxygen level measurement, and comprehensive mobility metrics (including VO2 max, six-minute walk distance, walking speed, step length, double support time, and walking asymmetry). Many of these parameters are highly relevant for cardiovascular patients, potentially aiding in disease progression monitoring and adverse event prediction. However, there is a lack of comprehensive validation studies for these devices in specific cardiovascular disease populations.
This investigator-initiated prospective observational study involving 50-100 participants that aims to validate smartwatchbased assessments using medical-grade devices and techniques. The study will focus on adult patients with congenital heart disease, pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, and coronary artery disease, as well as athletes undergoing cardiovascular assessment. By comparing smartwatch data with established clinical measurements, the investigators seek to determine the reliability and potential clinical utility of these wearable devices in diverse cardiovascular contexts. This research will help bridge the gap between consumer-grade wearable technology and clinical practice in cardiology.
Detailed description
Trial participants from Queen Mary Hospital and the University of Hong Kong will be recruited. Potential participants will be contacted and provided with a detailed explanation of the study, including its purpose, procedures, risks, and benefits. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants before enrolment. This process involves providing individuals with the informed consent document, allowing time for review and questions, and obtaining their signature if they agree to participate. Participants will receive a copy of the signed consent form for their records.
At Visit 1, Comprehensive demographic and clinical data will be collected from each participant, Clinical Management System (CMS), Electronic Patient Record (ePR), and Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System (CDARS) of the Hospital Authority in Hong Kong. This will include age, sex, height, weight, body mass index, and detailed medical history focusing on cardiovascular conditions. Information about current medications and smoking status will also be recorded. Additionally, participants will undergo a baseline clinical examination, including blood pressure measurement, heart rate, and a 12-lead electrocardiogram.
Participants will undergo a conventional cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX) to determine their maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) at Visit 1. This test will be conducted in a controlled clinical setting under the supervision of cardiologists. Participants will exercise on a treadmill while their respiratory gas exchange is measured using a metabolic cart. The exercise intensity will be gradually increased until the participant reaches volitional exhaustion or predetermined safety criteria are met. The highest oxygen uptake value achieved during the test will be recorded as the VO2max. Participant will concurrently be wearing the investigational smartwatch for pre- and post-SaO2 and VO2max assessment. This gold-standard measurement will serve as the reference for validating the smartwatch's continuous VO2max estimation.
The 6-minute walk distance will be assessed in a hospital setting at Visit 2 under the supervision of a research staff. Participants will be instructed to walk as far as possible in six minutes along a predetermined course, typically a straight hallway. The total distance walked will be measured and recorded. During the test, the research nurse will monitor the participant's heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, and perceived exertion at regular intervals. Participant will concurrently be wearing the investigational smartwatch for pre- and post SaO2 and VO2max assessment.
Participants will be provided with a medical-grade pulse oximeter for home use. They will be instructed to measure their oxygen saturation once daily throughout the one-week study period. Measurements should be taken at approximately the same time each day, preferably in the morning after waking and before any strenuous activity. Participants will record their oxygen saturation readings in a provided log. These daily measurements will serve as reference points for validating the continuous oxygen saturation data collected by the smartwatch.
Study design
- Observational model
- Case only
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| WatchX | – | Device: Apple Watch Series 9Participants will wear the investigational smartwatch (Apple Watch Series 9) concurrently for pre- and post-SaO2 and VO2max assessment during cardiopulmonary exercise test at Visit 1. Through one-week study period, participants will record their oxygen saturation data collected by the smartwatch once daily in a provided log, preferably in the morning after waking and before any strenuous activity. At Visit 2, participants will walk for a 6-Minute walk test and wear the investigational smartwatch (Apple Watch Series 9) concurrently for pre- and post-SaO2 and VO2max assessment during assessment. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 20 to 70 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- Adult patients with congenital heart disease, pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, and coronary artery disease, as well as athletes undergoing cardiovascular assessment
Key inclusion criteria (8 listed)
- Age 20 to 70 years old
- Ability to provide informed consent
- History of the following cardiovascular conditions
- Adult congenital heart disease
- Pulmonary hypertension
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Contraindication for undergoing physical exertion including cardio-pulmonary exercise testing (CPX) and 6-minute walk test (6MWT)
- Pregnancy
- Known allergy to components of the investigational product
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Apple Watch Series 9Participants will wear Apple Watch Series 9 during cardiopulmonary exercise test (in Visit 1), 1-week study period and 6-Minute walk distance test (in Visit 2) to have assessment of maximal oxygen uptake and pre- and post-SaO2. During 1-week study period, participants will measure their oxygen saturation once daily with a medical-grade pulse oximeter while wearing the smartwatch continuously. | Device | WatchX |
Primary outcome
Correlation between CPX VO2max and smartwatch parameters (virtual VO2 max, physical activity parameters)
Time frame: During treadmill exercise in the day of recruitment and concurrently baseline assessment (Visit 1/ Week 1)
VO2 max (ml/min/kg) concurrently measured with a medical-grade device and a smartwatch which has virutal VO2 max and physical activity parameters as assessed during treadmill exercise
5 secondary outcomes
Correlation between VO2 max (ml/min/kg) obtained using medical-grade device and smartwatch
Time frame: From enrollment to end of follow up at Visit 2(Week 2)
Correlation between SaO2 (%) obtained using medical-grade device and smartwatch
Time frame: From enrollment to end of follow up at Visit 2(Week 2)
SaO2 (%) measured by the smartwatch
Time frame: From enrollment to end of follow up at Visit 2(Week 2)
SaO2 (%) in participants with severe disease and participants with mild disease
Time frame: From enrollment to end of follow up at Visit 2(Week 2)
Novel markers or patterns
Time frame: From enrollment to end of follow up at Visit 2(Week 2)
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 4 May 2026.
- Results publication: PubMed 31487545Guo Y, Wang H, Zhang H, Liu T, Liang Z, Xia Y, Yan L, Xing Y, Shi H, Li S, Liu Y, Liu F, Feng M, Chen Y, Lip GYH; MAFA II Investigators. Mobile Photoplethysmographic Technology to Detect Atrial Fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019 Nov 12;74(19):2365-2375. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.08.019. Epub 2019 Sep 2.
- Results publication: PubMed 27444506Chan PH, Wong CK, Poh YC, Pun L, Leung WW, Wong YF, Wong MM, Poh MZ, Chu DW, Siu CW. Diagnostic Performance of a Smartphone-Based Photoplethysmographic Application for Atrial Fibrillation Screening in a Primary Care Setting. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Jul 21;5(7):e003428. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.116.003428.
- Results publication: PubMed 38768982Wong CK, Lau YM, Lui HW, Chan WF, San WC, Zhou M, Cheng Y, Huang D, Lai WH, Lau YM, Siu CW. Automatic detection of cardiac conditions from photos of electrocardiogram captured by smartphones. Heart. 2024 Aug 14;110(17):1074-1082. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2023-323822.
- Results publication: PubMed 36858690Mannhart D, Lischer M, Knecht S, du Fay de Lavallaz J, Strebel I, Serban T, Vogeli D, Schaer B, Osswald S, Mueller C, Kuhne M, Sticherling C, Badertscher P. Clinical Validation of 5 Direct-to-Consumer Wearable Smart Devices to Detect Atrial Fibrillation: BASEL Wearable Study. JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2023 Feb;9(2):232-242. doi: 10.1016/j.jacep.2022.09.011. Epub 2023 Jan 18.
- Results publication: PubMed 31722151Perez MV, Mahaffey KW, Hedlin H, Rumsfeld JS, Garcia A, Ferris T, Balasubramanian V, Russo AM, Rajmane A, Cheung L, Hung G, Lee J, Kowey P, Talati N, Nag D, Gummidipundi SE, Beatty A, Hills MT, Desai S, Granger CB, Desai M, Turakhia MP; Apple Heart Study Investigators. Large-Scale Assessment of a Smartwatch to Identify Atrial Fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2019 Nov 14;381(20):1909-1917. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1901183.
- Results publication: PubMed 36713022Wong CK, Un KC, Zhou M, Cheng Y, Lau YM, Shea PC, Lui HW, Zuo ML, Yin LX, Chan EW, Wong ICK, Sin SWC, Yeung PPN, Chen H, Wibowo S, Wei TLN, Lee SM, Chow A, Tong RCF, Hai J, Tam FCC, Siu CW. Daily ambulatory remote monitoring system for drug escalation in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: pilot phase of DAVID-HF study. Eur Heart J Digit Health. 2022 May 7;3(2):284-295. doi: 10.1093/ehjdh/ztac024. eCollection 2022 Jun.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Congenital Heart Disease and Pulmonary Hypertension, run by The University of Hong Kong at 1 site in Hong Kong.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 8 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 4 May 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Hong Kong. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Correlation between CPX VO2max and smartwatch parameters (virtual VO2 max, physical activity parameters) (time frame: During treadmill exercise in the day of recruitment and concurrently baseline assessment (Visit 1/ Week 1)). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06671171, which also lists 6 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 4 May 2026.