Healthy AthletesNCT06685666
Effects of Band Exercises Added to the Warm-Up on Shooting and Viscoelastic Properties of Muscles in Handball Players
A study testing traditional warm-up method specific to handball and elastic band exercises added to the traditional warm-up in people with Healthy Athletes and Handball Players, run by Marmara University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Today's handball has become a fast and fluid handball that expects superior performance from athletes. The aim of handball is to put the ball into the opponent's goal, so one of the most important parameters of sports performance is shooting performance. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 12 to 18 years, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Healthy Athletes, Handball Players
- What is being tested?
- traditional warm-up method specific to handball and elastic band exercises added to the traditional warm-up
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 30 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 30 Sep 2024to 30 Jan 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 12 to 18 years
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult
Who may be able to join
- 12-18 years old
- Female Gender
- Participating in active training at least 3-4 times a week
- Athletes who volunteer to participate in the study
- Having a license in handball
Who cannot join
- People with orthopedic, neurological or congenital problems
- Athletes with chronic illnesses
- People with upper extremity surgery history within the last year
- People with cognitive problems
- People with problems that will prevent the application of tests
- Having had a sports injury that would affect upper extremity shooting performance within the last six months
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Marmara University
Istanbul, Maltepe, 34854
Onur AYDOĞDU, 05055377277, onur.aydogdu@marmara.edu.tr
About this study
Official title: Effects of Elastic Band Exercises Added to the Warm-Up Program on Shooting Performance and Viscoelastic Properties of Upper Extremity Muscles in Youth Female Handball Players
Today's handball has become a fast and fluid handball that expects superior performance from athletes. The aim of handball is to put the ball into the opponent's goal, so one of the most important parameters of sports performance is shooting performance.
Studies show that warm-up programs have a positive effect on sports performance. Warm-up programs are used to prevent possible injuries and to increase sports performance by increasing temperature and flexibility in muscle and connective tissue. Warm-up programs may also cause changes in muscle viscoelastic properties and thus affect performance.
Read more
Recently, new approaches have begun to be used in warm-up programs. Some of these are warm-ups with a resistance tire, a medicine ball, and a weight vest. When the literature was examined, the effects of the warm-up program with resistance bands on adolescent handball players were generally examined in the lower extremity, but no study was found examining the effects on the upper extremity. For this reason, the study was designed to examine the effect of elastic band exercises applied to the upper extremity in addition to the traditional warm-up program on shooting performance in adolescent female handball players and the change in the viscoelastic properties of the upper extremity muscle groups.
30 female handball players with an age range of 12-18 years will participate in the research. Athletes will be divided into two equal groups as control and experimental groups in a controlled, randomized manner. The control group will be given a traditional warm-up program 6 days a week for 6 weeks. The experimental group will be given a traditional warm-up program under the same training conditions and additional elastic band exercises. In order to examine the effects of the warm-up programs to be applied in the chronic period, goal shooting, Modified Push Up test, Medicine Ball Throwing test, Upper Extremity Y Balance Test will be performed before training and at the 6th week and muscle viscoelastic properties will be evaluated. At the same time, in order to examine the acute effects, the goal shooting and muscle viscoelastic properties will be evaluated after the first warm-up training.The investigators hope that our study will help coaches and physiotherapists working in this field during the training process by ensuring the active use of a warm-up program with elastic bands in handball players.
- Conditions
- Healthy Athletes, Handball Players
- Being tested
- traditional warm-up method specific to handball, elastic band exercises added to the traditional warm-up
- Keywords
- Handball player, Warm-Up Exercise, Elastic Band Exercise, Viscoelastic Proporties of Muscle, Shooting Performance
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
traditional warm-up method specific to handballOther
The traditional warm-up program specific to handball consists of 6 basic sections: static stretching, aerobic work, dynamic mobility exercises, passes and crosses, shooting on goal and shooting according to position, and lasts 17 minutes in total.
elastic band exercises added to the traditional warm-upOther
The experimental group will be given elastic band exercises for 6 weeks after the static and dynamic exercises in the traditional warm-up and then continue with the warm-up with the ball. The exercise program was planned progressively. The exercises will be done in the first 3 weeks, 2 sets of 10 repetitions with a light resistance band. Then the exercises will be done in 3 sets of 10 repetitions with a medium resistance band. There are 8 band exercises in total.This exercise; Flexion and Extension Exercise in Diagonal Pattern, Internal and external rotation with the arm next to the body and the elbow in 90 degrees flexion, Internal and external rotation with the arm in 90 degrees abduction and the elbow in 90 degrees flexion, Scaption Exercise, Rowing, Biceps and Triceps (elbow flexion and extansion exercise), Wrist Flexors and Extensors (wrist flexion and extansion exercise).
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| traditional warm-up method specific to handball | Active comparator | Traditional handball warm-up consists of dynamic and static warm-ups and passing and shooting drills. Receives: Other: traditional warm-up method specific to handball |
| elastic band exercises added to the traditional warm-up method specific to handbal | Experimental | Elastic band exercises added to the traditional handball warm-up consists of exercises for the upper extremity muscles that are active during the throw. Receives: Other: elastic band exercises added to the traditional warm-up |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Goal Shot (Shot Accuracy)
In order to evaluate the shooting performance of the handball players, they will be asked to shoot at the designated areas of the goal. Four yellow target areas measuring 50 cm x 50 cm will be determined on the right-left, bottom and top corners of the handball goal. Athletes will be asked to take balls 11 m away from the goal and shoot at the goal from 9 meters. Each athlete will be asked to shoot at each of the four targets 7 times. The test will consist of a total of 35 shots (Van Den Tillaar and Ettema 2003) . In this study, the most commonly used techniques in previous studies and matches regarding the shot will be used, namely the basic shot with leaning step and the jump shot technique (Ion 2014).
Measured: before warm-up program
Goal Shot (Shot Accuracy)
In order to evaluate the shooting performance of the handball players, they will be asked to shoot at the designated areas of the goal. Four yellow target areas measuring 50 cm x 50 cm will be determined on the right-left, bottom and top corners of the handball goal. Athletes will be asked to take balls 11 m away from the goal and shoot at the goal from 9 meters. Each athlete will be asked to shoot at each of the four targets 7 times. The test will consist of a total of 35 shots (Van Den Tillaar and Ettema 2003) . In this study, the most commonly used techniques in previous studies and matches regarding the shot will be used, namely the basic shot with leaning step and the jump shot technique (Ion 2014).
Measured: Immediately after the first warm-up program
Goal Shot (Shot Accuracy)
In order to evaluate the shooting performance of the handball players, they will be asked to shoot at the designated areas of the goal. Four yellow target areas measuring 50 cm x 50 cm will be determined on the right-left, bottom and top corners of the handball goal. Athletes will be asked to take balls 11 m away from the goal and shoot at the goal from 9 meters. Each athlete will be asked to shoot at each of the four targets 7 times. The test will consist of a total of 35 shots (Van Den Tillaar and Ettema 2003) . In this study, the most commonly used techniques in previous studies and matches regarding the shot will be used, namely the basic shot with leaning step and the jump shot technique (Ion 2014).
Measured: six week later
Analysis of Muscle-Tone Evaluation Using a Myotonometer
The MyotonPRO (myotonometer) device will be used to objectively evaluate the mechanical properties of the muscles (Viir, Virkus et al. 2007). In our study we will measure the tone (Hertz- Hz) value of the Deltoideus, Bicepss Brachii, Triceps Brachii, Flexor Carpi Radialis and Extensor Digitorium muscles. The athletes to be measured will first lie down in a supine position for 10 minutes and rest. Measurements will be made in the supine and prone positions of the individual from the dominant and non-dominant side. To determine the point where the measurement will be made, the athlete will be asked to perform an isometric contraction of the relevant muscle and the most swollen area of the muscle will be marked (Gavronski, Veraksitš et al. 2007).To minimize error in measurement, 3 measurements will be made from the same marked point and the average of the 3 values will be recorded.
Measured: before warm-up program
Analysis of Muscle-Tone Evaluation Using a Myotonometer
The MyotonPRO (myotonometer) device will be used to objectively evaluate the mechanical properties of the muscles (Viir, Virkus et al. 2007). In our study we will measure the tone (Hertz- Hz) value of the Deltoideus, Bicepss Brachii, Triceps Brachii, Flexor Carpi Radialis and Extensor Digitorium muscles. The athletes to be measured will first lie down in a supine position for 10 minutes and rest. Measurements will be made in the supine and prone positions of the individual from the dominant and non-dominant side. To determine the point where the measurement will be made, the athlete will be asked to perform an isometric contraction of the relevant muscle and the most swollen area of the muscle will be marked (Gavronski, Veraksitš et al. 2007).To minimize error in measurement, 3 measurements will be made from the same marked point and the average of the 3 values will be recorded.
Measured: Immediately after the first warm-up program
Analysis of Muscle-Tone Evaluation Using a Myotonometer
The MyotonPRO (myotonometer) device will be used to objectively evaluate the mechanical properties of the muscles (Viir, Virkus et al. 2007). In our study we will measure the tone (Hertz- Hz) value of the Deltoideus, Bicepss Brachii, Triceps Brachii, Flexor Carpi Radialis and Extensor Digitorium muscles. The athletes to be measured will first lie down in a supine position for 10 minutes and rest. Measurements will be made in the supine and prone positions of the individual from the dominant and non-dominant side. To determine the point where the measurement will be made, the athlete will be asked to perform an isometric contraction of the relevant muscle and the most swollen area of the muscle will be marked (Gavronski, Veraksitš et al. 2007).To minimize error in measurement, 3 measurements will be made from the same marked point and the average of the 3 values will be recorded.
Measured: six week later
Analysis of Muscle Stiffness Evaluation Using a Myotonometer
The MyotonPRO (myotonometer) device will be used to objectively evaluate the mechanical properties of the muscles (Viir, Virkus et al. 2007). In our study we will measure the stiffness (Newton/meter- N/ m) value of the Deltoideus, Bicepss Brachii, Triceps Brachii, Flexor Carpi Radialis and Extensor Digitorium muscles. The athletes to be measured will first lie down in a supine position for 10 minutes and rest. Measurements will be made in the supine and prone positions of the individual from the dominant and non-dominant side. To determine the point where the measurement will be made, the athlete will be asked to perform an isometric contraction of the relevant muscle and the most swollen area of the muscle will be marked (Gavronski, Veraksitš et al. 2007).To minimize error in measurement, 3 measurements will be made from the same marked point and the average of the 3 values will be recorded.
Measured: before warm-up program
Analysis of Muscle Stiffness Evaluation Using a Myotonometer
The MyotonPRO (myotonometer) device will be used to objectively evaluate the mechanical properties of the muscles (Viir, Virkus et al. 2007). In our study we will measure the stiffness (Newton/meter- N/ m) value of the Deltoideus, Bicepss Brachii, Triceps Brachii, Flexor Carpi Radialis and Extensor Digitorium muscles. The athletes to be measured will first lie down in a supine position for 10 minutes and rest. Measurements will be made in the supine and prone positions of the individual from the dominant and non-dominant side. To determine the point where the measurement will be made, the athlete will be asked to perform an isometric contraction of the relevant muscle and the most swollen area of the muscle will be marked (Gavronski, Veraksitš et al. 2007).To minimize error in measurement, 3 measurements will be made from the same marked point and the average of the 3 values will be recorded.
Measured: Immediately after the first warm-up program
Analysis of Muscle Stiffness Evaluation Using a Myotonometer
The MyotonPRO (myotonometer) device will be used to objectively evaluate the mechanical properties of the muscles (Viir, Virkus et al. 2007). In our study we will measure the stiffness (Newton/meter- N/ m) value of the Deltoideus, Bicepss Brachii, Triceps Brachii, Flexor Carpi Radialis and Extensor Digitorium muscles. The athletes to be measured will first lie down in a supine position for 10 minutes and rest. Measurements will be made in the supine and prone positions of the individual from the dominant and non-dominant side. To determine the point where the measurement will be made, the athlete will be asked to perform an isometric contraction of the relevant muscle and the most swollen area of the muscle will be marked (Gavronski, Veraksitš et al. 2007).To minimize error in measurement, 3 measurements will be made from the same marked point and the average of the 3 values will be recorded
Measured: six week later
Analysis of Muscle Elasticity Evaluation Using a Myotonometer
The MyotonPRO (myotonometer) device will be used to objectively evaluate the mechanical properties of the muscles (Viir, Virkus et al. 2007). In our study we will measure the elasticity value of the Deltoideus, Bicepss Brachii, Triceps Brachii, Flexor Carpi Radialis and Extensor Digitorium muscles. The athletes to be measured will first lie down in a supine position for 10 minutes and rest. Measurements will be made in the supine and prone positions of the individual from the dominant and non-dominant side. To determine the point where the measurement will be made, the athlete will be asked to perform an isometric contraction of the relevant muscle and the most swollen area of the muscle will be marked (Gavronski, Veraksitš et al. 2007).To minimize error in measurement, 3 measurements will be made from the same marked point and the average of the 3 values will be recorded.
Measured: before warm-up program
Analysis of Muscle Elasticity Evaluation Using a Myotonometer
The MyotonPRO (myotonometer) device will be used to objectively evaluate the mechanical properties of the muscles (Viir, Virkus et al. 2007). In our study we will measure the elasticity value of the Deltoideus, Bicepss Brachii, Triceps Brachii, Flexor Carpi Radialis and Extensor Digitorium muscles. The athletes to be measured will first lie down in a supine position for 10 minutes and rest. Measurements will be made in the supine and prone positions of the individual from the dominant and non-dominant side. To determine the point where the measurement will be made, the athlete will be asked to perform an isometric contraction of the relevant muscle and the most swollen area of the muscle will be marked (Gavronski, Veraksitš et al. 2007).To minimize error in measurement, 3 measurements will be made from the same marked point and the average of the 3 values will be recorded.
Measured: Immediately after the first warm-up program
Analysis of Muscle Elasticity Evaluation Using a Myotonometer
The MyotonPRO (myotonometer) device will be used to objectively evaluate the mechanical properties of the muscles (Viir, Virkus et al. 2007). In our study we will measure the elasticity value of the Deltoideus, Bicepss Brachii, Triceps Brachii, Flexor Carpi Radialis and Extensor Digitorium muscles. The athletes to be measured will first lie down in a supine position for 10 minutes and rest. Measurements will be made in the supine and prone positions of the individual from the dominant and non-dominant side. To determine the point where the measurement will be made, the athlete will be asked to perform an isometric contraction of the relevant muscle and the most swollen area of the muscle will be marked (Gavronski, Veraksitš et al. 2007).To minimize error in measurement, 3 measurements will be made from the same marked point and the average of the 3 values will be recorded.
Measured: six week later
Secondary outcomes (6)
Medicine Ball Throw Test
The athletes upper extremity explosive strength and open kinetic chain function will be evaluated with this test and the test is a valid and reliable test (Stockbrugger and Haennel 2001). The athletes will be asked to stand in front of a wall with their feet shoulder-width apart and holding a medicine ball with both hands. They will then be asked to throw the medicine ball forward while holding it at head-high level (Van den Tillaar and Marques 2013). A 3 kg medicine ball will be used for the adolescent group in this test. The test will be applied 3 times and the data will be averaged.
Measured: before warm-up program
Medicine Ball Throw Test
The athletes upper extremity explosive strength and open kinetic chain function will be evaluated with this test and the test is a valid and reliable test (Stockbrugger and Haennel 2001). The athletes will be asked to stand in front of a wall with their feet shoulder-width apart and holding a medicine ball with both hands. They will then be asked to throw the medicine ball forward while holding it at head-high level (Van den Tillaar and Marques 2013). A 3 kg medicine ball will be used for the adolescent group in this test. The test will be applied 3 times and the data will be averaged.
Measured: six week later
Upper Extremity Y Balance Test
It will be applied for the purpose of evaluating the upper extremity dynamic balance. This test will be performed on a platform created in the medial, inferolateral and superolateral directions prepared on the ground (Bauer, Panzer et al. 2021). The lines in the inferolateral and superolateral directions are placed at an angle of 45° and the pipe in the medial direction is placed at an angle of 135° to the others. The test will be applied to the athletes separately for the dominant and non-dominant arms. Before the test, the application protocols of the test will be explained to all athletes and they will be asked to try it once. The test will start with the modified push-up position and one hand on the balance point and the other hand on the line in the medial direction.Athletes will be asked to reach the farthest point on the line in a stable stance (Kara, Büyükturan et al. 2022). 3 repetitions will be required for each direction (Westrick, Miller et al. 2012).
Measured: before warm-up programme
Upper Extremity Y Balance Test
It will be applied for the purpose of evaluating the upper extremity dynamic balance. This test will be performed on a platform created in the medial, inferolateral and superolateral directions prepared on the ground (Bauer, Panzer et al. 2021). The lines in the inferolateral and superolateral directions are placed at an angle of 45° and the pipe in the medial direction is placed at an angle of 135° to the others. The test will be applied to the athletes separately for the dominant and non-dominant arms. Before the test, the application protocols of the test will be explained to all athletes and they will be asked to try it once. The test will start with the modified push-up position and one hand on the balance point and the other hand on the line in the medial direction.Athletes will be asked to reach the farthest point on the line in a stable stance (Kara, Büyükturan et al. 2022). 3 repetitions will be required for each direction (Westrick, Miller et al. 2012).
Measured: six week later
Modified Push Up Test
The Modified Push Up Test will be used to measure the upper extremity strength and endurance of athletes (Hashim and Madon 2012). The athlete will be positioned on the mat with the knees and elbows in flexion position. The athlete will then be asked to push the upper body upwards by extending the elbows (Kara, Büyükturan et al. 2022). The number of correct movements within a 30-second period will be recorded.
Measured: before warm-up program
Modified Push Up Test
The Modified Push Up Test will be used to measure the upper extremity strength and endurance of athletes (Hashim and Madon 2012). The athlete will be positioned on the mat with the knees and elbows in flexion position. The athlete will then be asked to push the upper body upwards by extending the elbows (Kara, Büyükturan et al. 2022). The number of correct movements within a 30-second period will be recorded.
Measured: six week later
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted12 Nov 2024
- Study start30 Sep 2024
- Primary completion15 Nov 2024 (estimated)
- Study completion30 Jan 2025 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (6)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Healthy AthletesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Marmara UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Sequential
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Marmara University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06685666
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- MarmaraU-AYDOGDU-OZCELİK001
- Status last verified
- Sep 2024
- First submitted
- 7 Nov 2024
- Last updated
- 12 Nov 2024
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided
Publications
Westrick RB, Miller JM, Carow SD, Gerber JP. Exploration of the y-balance test for assessment of upper quarter closed kinetic chain performance. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2012 Apr;7(2):139-47.
PubMed 22530188Bauer J, Panzer S, Muehlbauer T. Side differences of upper quarter Y balance test performance in sub-elite young male and female handball players with different ages. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2021 Nov 1;13(1):141. doi: 10.1186/s13102-021-00364-3.
PubMed 34724988van den Tillaar R, Marques MC. Reliability of seated and standing throwing velocity using differently weighted medicine balls. J Strength Cond Res. 2013 May;27(5):1234-8. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182654a09.
PubMed 22744301Stockbrugger BA, Haennel RG. Validity and reliability of a medicine ball explosive power test. J Strength Cond Res. 2001 Nov;15(4):431-8.
PubMed 11726253Gavronski G, Veraksits A, Vasar E, Maaroos J. Evaluation of viscoelastic parameters of the skeletal muscles in junior triathletes. Physiol Meas. 2007 Jun;28(6):625-37. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/28/6/002. Epub 2007 May 3.
PubMed 17664617van den Tillaar R, Ettema G. Instructions emphasizing velocity, accuracy, or both in performance and kinematics of overarm throwing by experienced team handball players. Percept Mot Skills. 2003 Dec;97(3 Pt 1):731-42. doi: 10.2466/pms.2003.97.3.731.
PubMed 14738333
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 12 Nov 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Elastic Band Exercises Added to the Warm-Up Program on Shooting Performance and Viscoelastic Properties of Upper Extremity Muscles in Youth Female Handball Players
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06685666
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- MarmaraU-AYDOGDU-OZCELİK001
- Conditions
- Healthy Athletes, Handball Players
- Keywords
- Handball player, Warm-Up Exercise, Elastic Band Exercise, Viscoelastic Proporties of Muscle, Shooting Performance
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Marmara UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 30 Sep 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Nov 2024 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 30 Jan 2025 (estimated)
- First posted
- 12 Nov 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Today's handball has become a fast and fluid handball that expects superior performance from athletes. The aim of handball is to put the ball into the opponent's goal, so one of the most important parameters of sports performance is shooting performance.
Studies show that warm-up programs have a positive effect on sports performance. Warm-up programs are used to prevent possible injuries and to increase sports performance by increasing temperature and flexibility in muscle and connective tissue. Warm-up programs may also cause changes in muscle viscoelastic properties and thus affect performance.
Recently, new approaches have begun to be used in warm-up programs. Some of these are warm-ups with a resistance tire, a medicine ball, and a weight vest. When the literature was examined, the effects of the warm-up program with resistance bands on adolescent handball players were generally examined in the lower extremity, but no study was found examining the effects on the upper extremity. For this reason, the study was designed to examine the effect of elastic band exercises applied to the upper extremity in addition to the traditional warm-up program on shooting performance in adolescent female handball players and the change in the viscoelastic properties of the upper extremity muscle groups.
30 female handball players with an age range of 12-18 years will participate in the research. Athletes will be divided into two equal groups as control and experimental groups in a controlled, randomized manner. The control group will be given a traditional warm-up program 6 days a week for 6 weeks. The experimental group will be given a traditional warm-up program under the same training conditions and additional elastic band exercises. In order to examine the effects of the warm-up programs to be applied in the chronic period, goal shooting, Modified Push Up test, Medicine Ball Throwing test, Upper Extremity Y Balance Test will be performed before training and at the 6th week and muscle viscoelastic properties will be evaluated. At the same time, in order to examine the acute effects, the goal shooting and muscle viscoelastic properties will be evaluated after the first warm-up training.The investigators hope that our study will help coaches and physiotherapists working in this field during the training process by ensuring the active use of a warm-up program with elastic bands in handball players.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Sequential
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| traditional warm-up method specific to handball | Active comparator | Other: traditional warm-up method specific to handballTraditional handball warm-up consists of dynamic and static warm-ups and passing and shooting drills. |
| elastic band exercises added to the traditional warm-up method specific to handbal | Experimental | Other: elastic band exercises added to the traditional warm-upElastic band exercises added to the traditional handball warm-up consists of exercises for the upper extremity muscles that are active during the throw. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 12 to 18 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- 12-18 years old
- Female Gender
- Participating in active training at least 3-4 times a week
- Athletes who volunteer to participate in the study
- Having a license in handball
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- People with orthopedic, neurological or congenital problems
- Athletes with chronic illnesses
- People with upper extremity surgery history within the last year
- People with cognitive problems
- People with problems that will prevent the application of tests
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| traditional warm-up method specific to handballThe traditional warm-up program specific to handball consists of 6 basic sections: static stretching, aerobic work, dynamic mobility exercises, passes and crosses, shooting on goal and shooting according to position, and lasts 17 minutes in total. | Other | traditional warm-up method specific to handball |
| elastic band exercises added to the traditional warm-upThe experimental group will be given elastic band exercises for 6 weeks after the static and dynamic exercises in the traditional warm-up and then continue with the warm-up with the ball. The exercise program was planned progressively. The exercises will be done in the first 3 weeks, 2 sets of 10 repetitions with a light resistance band. Then the exercises will be done in 3 sets of 10 repetitions with a medium resistance band. There are 8 band exercises in total.This exercise; Flexion and Extension Exercise in Diagonal Pattern, Internal and external rotation with the arm next to the body and the elbow in 90 degrees flexion, Internal and external rotation with the arm in 90 degrees abduction and the elbow in 90 degrees flexion, Scaption Exercise, Rowing, Biceps and Triceps (elbow flexion and extansion exercise), Wrist Flexors and Extensors (wrist flexion and extansion exercise). | Other | elastic band exercises added to the traditional warm-up method specific to handbal |
Primary outcome
Goal Shot (Shot Accuracy)
Time frame: before warm-up program
In order to evaluate the shooting performance of the handball players, they will be asked to shoot at the designated areas of the goal. Four yellow target areas measuring 50 cm x 50 cm will be determined on the right-left, bottom and top corners of the handball goal. Athletes will be asked to take balls 11 m away from the goal and shoot at the goal from 9 meters. Each athlete will be asked to shoot at each of the four targets 7 times. The test will consist of a total of 35 shots (Van Den Tillaar and Ettema 2003) . In this study, the most commonly used techniques in previous studies and matches regarding the shot will be used, namely the basic shot with leaning step and the jump shot technique (Ion 2014).
Goal Shot (Shot Accuracy)
Time frame: Immediately after the first warm-up program
In order to evaluate the shooting performance of the handball players, they will be asked to shoot at the designated areas of the goal. Four yellow target areas measuring 50 cm x 50 cm will be determined on the right-left, bottom and top corners of the handball goal. Athletes will be asked to take balls 11 m away from the goal and shoot at the goal from 9 meters. Each athlete will be asked to shoot at each of the four targets 7 times. The test will consist of a total of 35 shots (Van Den Tillaar and Ettema 2003) . In this study, the most commonly used techniques in previous studies and matches regarding the shot will be used, namely the basic shot with leaning step and the jump shot technique (Ion 2014).
Goal Shot (Shot Accuracy)
Time frame: six week later
In order to evaluate the shooting performance of the handball players, they will be asked to shoot at the designated areas of the goal. Four yellow target areas measuring 50 cm x 50 cm will be determined on the right-left, bottom and top corners of the handball goal. Athletes will be asked to take balls 11 m away from the goal and shoot at the goal from 9 meters. Each athlete will be asked to shoot at each of the four targets 7 times. The test will consist of a total of 35 shots (Van Den Tillaar and Ettema 2003) . In this study, the most commonly used techniques in previous studies and matches regarding the shot will be used, namely the basic shot with leaning step and the jump shot technique (Ion 2014).
Analysis of Muscle-Tone Evaluation Using a Myotonometer
Time frame: before warm-up program
The MyotonPRO (myotonometer) device will be used to objectively evaluate the mechanical properties of the muscles (Viir, Virkus et al. 2007). In our study we will measure the tone (Hertz- Hz) value of the Deltoideus, Bicepss Brachii, Triceps Brachii, Flexor Carpi Radialis and Extensor Digitorium muscles. The athletes to be measured will first lie down in a supine position for 10 minutes and rest. Measurements will be made in the supine and prone positions of the individual from the dominant and non-dominant side. To determine the point where the measurement will be made, the athlete will be asked to perform an isometric contraction of the relevant muscle and the most swollen area of the muscle will be marked (Gavronski, Veraksitš et al. 2007).To minimize error in measurement, 3 measurements will be made from the same marked point and the average of the 3 values will be recorded.
Analysis of Muscle-Tone Evaluation Using a Myotonometer
Time frame: Immediately after the first warm-up program
The MyotonPRO (myotonometer) device will be used to objectively evaluate the mechanical properties of the muscles (Viir, Virkus et al. 2007). In our study we will measure the tone (Hertz- Hz) value of the Deltoideus, Bicepss Brachii, Triceps Brachii, Flexor Carpi Radialis and Extensor Digitorium muscles. The athletes to be measured will first lie down in a supine position for 10 minutes and rest. Measurements will be made in the supine and prone positions of the individual from the dominant and non-dominant side. To determine the point where the measurement will be made, the athlete will be asked to perform an isometric contraction of the relevant muscle and the most swollen area of the muscle will be marked (Gavronski, Veraksitš et al. 2007).To minimize error in measurement, 3 measurements will be made from the same marked point and the average of the 3 values will be recorded.
Analysis of Muscle-Tone Evaluation Using a Myotonometer
Time frame: six week later
The MyotonPRO (myotonometer) device will be used to objectively evaluate the mechanical properties of the muscles (Viir, Virkus et al. 2007). In our study we will measure the tone (Hertz- Hz) value of the Deltoideus, Bicepss Brachii, Triceps Brachii, Flexor Carpi Radialis and Extensor Digitorium muscles. The athletes to be measured will first lie down in a supine position for 10 minutes and rest. Measurements will be made in the supine and prone positions of the individual from the dominant and non-dominant side. To determine the point where the measurement will be made, the athlete will be asked to perform an isometric contraction of the relevant muscle and the most swollen area of the muscle will be marked (Gavronski, Veraksitš et al. 2007).To minimize error in measurement, 3 measurements will be made from the same marked point and the average of the 3 values will be recorded.
Analysis of Muscle Stiffness Evaluation Using a Myotonometer
Time frame: before warm-up program
The MyotonPRO (myotonometer) device will be used to objectively evaluate the mechanical properties of the muscles (Viir, Virkus et al. 2007). In our study we will measure the stiffness (Newton/meter- N/ m) value of the Deltoideus, Bicepss Brachii, Triceps Brachii, Flexor Carpi Radialis and Extensor Digitorium muscles. The athletes to be measured will first lie down in a supine position for 10 minutes and rest. Measurements will be made in the supine and prone positions of the individual from the dominant and non-dominant side. To determine the point where the measurement will be made, the athlete will be asked to perform an isometric contraction of the relevant muscle and the most swollen area of the muscle will be marked (Gavronski, Veraksitš et al. 2007).To minimize error in measurement, 3 measurements will be made from the same marked point and the average of the 3 values will be recorded.
Analysis of Muscle Stiffness Evaluation Using a Myotonometer
Time frame: Immediately after the first warm-up program
The MyotonPRO (myotonometer) device will be used to objectively evaluate the mechanical properties of the muscles (Viir, Virkus et al. 2007). In our study we will measure the stiffness (Newton/meter- N/ m) value of the Deltoideus, Bicepss Brachii, Triceps Brachii, Flexor Carpi Radialis and Extensor Digitorium muscles. The athletes to be measured will first lie down in a supine position for 10 minutes and rest. Measurements will be made in the supine and prone positions of the individual from the dominant and non-dominant side. To determine the point where the measurement will be made, the athlete will be asked to perform an isometric contraction of the relevant muscle and the most swollen area of the muscle will be marked (Gavronski, Veraksitš et al. 2007).To minimize error in measurement, 3 measurements will be made from the same marked point and the average of the 3 values will be recorded.
Analysis of Muscle Stiffness Evaluation Using a Myotonometer
Time frame: six week later
The MyotonPRO (myotonometer) device will be used to objectively evaluate the mechanical properties of the muscles (Viir, Virkus et al. 2007). In our study we will measure the stiffness (Newton/meter- N/ m) value of the Deltoideus, Bicepss Brachii, Triceps Brachii, Flexor Carpi Radialis and Extensor Digitorium muscles. The athletes to be measured will first lie down in a supine position for 10 minutes and rest. Measurements will be made in the supine and prone positions of the individual from the dominant and non-dominant side. To determine the point where the measurement will be made, the athlete will be asked to perform an isometric contraction of the relevant muscle and the most swollen area of the muscle will be marked (Gavronski, Veraksitš et al. 2007).To minimize error in measurement, 3 measurements will be made from the same marked point and the average of the 3 values will be recorded
Analysis of Muscle Elasticity Evaluation Using a Myotonometer
Time frame: before warm-up program
The MyotonPRO (myotonometer) device will be used to objectively evaluate the mechanical properties of the muscles (Viir, Virkus et al. 2007). In our study we will measure the elasticity value of the Deltoideus, Bicepss Brachii, Triceps Brachii, Flexor Carpi Radialis and Extensor Digitorium muscles. The athletes to be measured will first lie down in a supine position for 10 minutes and rest. Measurements will be made in the supine and prone positions of the individual from the dominant and non-dominant side. To determine the point where the measurement will be made, the athlete will be asked to perform an isometric contraction of the relevant muscle and the most swollen area of the muscle will be marked (Gavronski, Veraksitš et al. 2007).To minimize error in measurement, 3 measurements will be made from the same marked point and the average of the 3 values will be recorded.
Analysis of Muscle Elasticity Evaluation Using a Myotonometer
Time frame: Immediately after the first warm-up program
The MyotonPRO (myotonometer) device will be used to objectively evaluate the mechanical properties of the muscles (Viir, Virkus et al. 2007). In our study we will measure the elasticity value of the Deltoideus, Bicepss Brachii, Triceps Brachii, Flexor Carpi Radialis and Extensor Digitorium muscles. The athletes to be measured will first lie down in a supine position for 10 minutes and rest. Measurements will be made in the supine and prone positions of the individual from the dominant and non-dominant side. To determine the point where the measurement will be made, the athlete will be asked to perform an isometric contraction of the relevant muscle and the most swollen area of the muscle will be marked (Gavronski, Veraksitš et al. 2007).To minimize error in measurement, 3 measurements will be made from the same marked point and the average of the 3 values will be recorded.
Analysis of Muscle Elasticity Evaluation Using a Myotonometer
Time frame: six week later
The MyotonPRO (myotonometer) device will be used to objectively evaluate the mechanical properties of the muscles (Viir, Virkus et al. 2007). In our study we will measure the elasticity value of the Deltoideus, Bicepss Brachii, Triceps Brachii, Flexor Carpi Radialis and Extensor Digitorium muscles. The athletes to be measured will first lie down in a supine position for 10 minutes and rest. Measurements will be made in the supine and prone positions of the individual from the dominant and non-dominant side. To determine the point where the measurement will be made, the athlete will be asked to perform an isometric contraction of the relevant muscle and the most swollen area of the muscle will be marked (Gavronski, Veraksitš et al. 2007).To minimize error in measurement, 3 measurements will be made from the same marked point and the average of the 3 values will be recorded.
6 secondary outcomes
Medicine Ball Throw Test
Time frame: before warm-up program
Medicine Ball Throw Test
Time frame: six week later
Upper Extremity Y Balance Test
Time frame: before warm-up programme
Upper Extremity Y Balance Test
Time frame: six week later
Modified Push Up Test
Time frame: before warm-up program
Modified Push Up Test
Time frame: six week later
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 12 Nov 2024.
- Background: PubMed 22530188Westrick RB, Miller JM, Carow SD, Gerber JP. Exploration of the y-balance test for assessment of upper quarter closed kinetic chain performance. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2012 Apr;7(2):139-47.
- Background: PubMed 34724988Bauer J, Panzer S, Muehlbauer T. Side differences of upper quarter Y balance test performance in sub-elite young male and female handball players with different ages. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2021 Nov 1;13(1):141. doi: 10.1186/s13102-021-00364-3.
- Background: PubMed 22744301van den Tillaar R, Marques MC. Reliability of seated and standing throwing velocity using differently weighted medicine balls. J Strength Cond Res. 2013 May;27(5):1234-8. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182654a09.
- Background: PubMed 11726253Stockbrugger BA, Haennel RG. Validity and reliability of a medicine ball explosive power test. J Strength Cond Res. 2001 Nov;15(4):431-8.
- Background: PubMed 17664617Gavronski G, Veraksits A, Vasar E, Maaroos J. Evaluation of viscoelastic parameters of the skeletal muscles in junior triathletes. Physiol Meas. 2007 Jun;28(6):625-37. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/28/6/002. Epub 2007 May 3.
- Background: PubMed 14738333van den Tillaar R, Ettema G. Instructions emphasizing velocity, accuracy, or both in performance and kinematics of overarm throwing by experienced team handball players. Percept Mot Skills. 2003 Dec;97(3 Pt 1):731-42. doi: 10.2466/pms.2003.97.3.731.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing traditional warm-up method specific to handball and elastic band exercises added to the traditional warm-up in people with Healthy Athletes and Handball Players, run by Marmara University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 12 Nov 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Physiotherapist Yağmur Özçelik (05532696136, yagmurozcelik1@outlook.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Goal Shot (Shot Accuracy) (time frame: before warm-up program). The study lists 12 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06685666, which also lists 6 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 12 Nov 2024.