OverdoseMI-CHANCENCT06855836
Motivational Interviewing to Increase Uptake of Drug Checking and Safe Drug Use Behaviors to Reduce Overdose
A study testing MI-CHANCE (TS + FTIR + MI) and TS + FTIR + Flu and Hepatitis A Education in people with Overdose, run by University of California, San Diego at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
A hybrid type 1 study will be conducted to evaluate efficacy and preliminary implementation considerations for a novel intervention to promote uptake of drug checking services (DCS) and safer drug use behaviors among people who use drugs (PWUD) to reduce incidence of overdose (OD) and HIV and Hepatitis C virus (HCV)… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Overdose
- What is being tested?
- MI-CHANCE (TS + FTIR + MI) and TS + FTIR + Flu and Hepatitis A Education
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 588 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 3 Mar 2025to May 2029
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- A total of 588 PWUD participants will be recruited for the proposed study (MI-CHANCE). To be eligible to participate in this study, an individual must meet all of the following criteria:
- Provision of signed and dated informed consent form
- Stated willingness to comply with all study procedures and availability for the duration of the study
- Be aged ≥18 years at time of recruitment
- Must have used illicit opiates (e.g., heroin, fentanyl) and/or methamphetamine ≤1 week prior to recruitment date
- Live in San Diego County with no plans to permanently move over the next 30 months
Show all 9Show fewer
- Have not previously used the FTIR drug checking service
- Enrolled into ongoing prospective cohort study La Frontera (the border) (existing or new participants)
- Enrollment will be capped so that <50% of the sample reports only using methamphetamine to ensure that the sample is comprised primarily of people who use opiates who are at greatest risk of OD. Recruitment will be done through targeted sampling at hotspots as well as homeless encampments, shelters and outreach through social media.
Who cannot join
- An individual who meets any of the following criteria will be excluded from participation in this study:
- Not being able to provide a signed and dated informed consent form
- Not willing to comply with all study procedures and availability for the duration of the study
- Currently enrolled in another randomized controlled trial
- Not having used illicit opiates (e.g., heroin, fentanyl), methamphetamine ≤1 week prior to recruitment date
- Having used CheckSD (i.e. drug testing with TS+FTIR)
- Participated in the MI-CHANCE pilot
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Efficacy and Implementation Considerations for a Peer-led Motivational Interviewing Intervention to Promote Uptake of Drug Checking Services and Safe Drug Use Behaviors to Reduce Overdose
A hybrid type 1 study will be conducted to evaluate efficacy and preliminary implementation considerations for a novel intervention to promote uptake of drug checking services (DCS) and safer drug use behaviors among people who use drugs (PWUD) to reduce incidence of overdose (OD) and HIV and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in San Diego County.
Approximately 50 syringe services programs (SSPs) in the US now offer advanced drug checking services using test strips (TS) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR), allowing people to submit drug samples with non-nominal identifiers and obtain personalized results. While most existing FTIRs offer some counseling, no theory-based interventions to increase FTIR uptake and promote post-FTIR adoption of safer drug use behaviors have been rigorously evaluated.
Read the detailed description
588 PWUD who have not yet used FTIR will be recruited into a two-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) (N=294 per group). Recruitment sources will be the community and La Frontera study. Both arms will have access to FTIR's standard of care (SOC) already available at SSP sites (i.e., FTIR, and overdose education and naloxone distribution (OEND)). PWUD randomized to receive MI-CHANCE will receive it from peer support specialists who will be trained in motivational interviewing (MI) to encourage FTIR uptake and safer drug use behaviors. Those in the attention-control SOC arm will receive Flu and Hepatitis A education. All will undergo semi-annual follow-up for 30 months.
Primary Objective: To test the efficacy of MI-CHANCE on reducing rates of combined fatal and non-fatal OD over 30 months and examine social cognitive theory (SCT)-informed mediators and moderators of intervention effects (i.e., knowledge, outcome expectancies, self-efficacy)
- Conditions
- Overdose
- Being tested
- MI-CHANCE (TS + FTIR + MI), TS + FTIR + Flu and Hepatitis A Education
- Medical subject headings
- Drug Overdose
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
MI-CHANCE (TS + FTIR + MI)Behavioural
Also called Motivational Interviewing
MI-CHANCE was built following key principles of MI (partnership, acceptance, compassion and evocation) to empower PWUD, help them identify potential benefits of DCS and strategies to integrate these into their daily lives. The manual follows three key stages: 1) introducing DCS, 2) generating change talk, and 3) verbalizing commitment, using open questions, affirmations, reflections and summaries. Pros and cons for regularly using FTIR and changing drug use behaviors accordingly were identified in the literature and through discussions with PWUD and peer support specialists. Peer support specialists are urged to mirror participants' own language (e.g., oxy or M30s=oxycontin; carga= heroin; malilla=withdrawal, fetty=fentanyl). Challenges were categorized into 8 key areas: legal, financial, scheduling, transportation, ability to change drug use behaviors, communication with SSP staff, managing mood and substance use.
TS + FTIR + Flu and Hepatitis A EducationBehavioural
Naloxone and educational materials (i.e. pamphlets) on overdose prevention, videos (English or Spanish) on naloxone, flu and Hepatitis A education.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Standard of Care Control (SOC; Group 1) -TS + FTIR + Flu and Hepatitis A education. | Placebo comparator | Participants will receive naloxone, overdose prevention pamphlets and be shown videos (English or Spanish) on how naloxone works. Participants will be offered the services of drug sample testing by the FTIR technician after their study session. The training videos will be on Flu and Hepatitis A education. Overall, the session for Group 1 as the attention control participants will last 30 minutes. Receives: Behavioral: TS + FTIR + Flu and Hepatitis A Education |
| MI-CHANCE Intervention (Group 2) - TS+FTIR+MI. | Experimental | Participants will receive naloxone, overdose prevention pamphlets and MI in a 30-minute counseling session. Trained peer-support specialists will engage participants in discussion on the drug supply, ask to rate how certain they are about their drugs' content, how they perceive their OD risk, and shown a brief video about FTIR. Using "decisional balance", participants will identify pros and cons of regularly using FTIR prior to drug use and modifying drug use behaviors based on their own potential safer alternatives. Once the balance shifts towards positive change, they will be offered to get their own drug tested by the FTIR technician and provided with results highlighting drug potency and purity. If they decline, a dummy sample containing fentanyl will be used. Participants will develop an action plan with harm reduction principles to problem-solve specific challenges, identify their goals to use FTIR and prevent OD. Receives: Behavioral: MI-CHANCE (TS + FTIR + MI) |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Risk rates of fatal and non-fatal overdose over 30 months
Rate of fatal and non-fatal ODs over the course of the study (i.e., the total # of ODs that a participant experiences during the study offset by the natural log of the time spent at risk during the study). Self-reported and obtained through record linkage between MI-CHANCE and emergency medical services and the medical examiner's office to obtain data on ODs that received medical attention and OD deaths, respectively
Measured: Through study completion, an average of 30 months
Secondary outcomes (2)
Frequency of drug checking service utilization
Number of times one utilized FTIR over the past 6 months. Self-reported
Measured: At baseline and every 6 months for 30 months
Risk rates of HIV/HCV infection over 30 months
Rates of HIV and HCV infection determined through serology (biological sample collection) over the course of the study (i.e. between baseline and 30 months)
Measured: Through study completion, an average of 30 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted4 Mar 2025
- Study start3 Mar 2025
- Primary completionFeb 2029 (estimated)
- Study completionMay 2029 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (24)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for OverdoseStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of California, San DiegoThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- All recruited study participants will receive the Overdose Education and Naloxone Distribution (OEND) materials. The control group will receive additional Flu and Hepatitis A education as Group 1, and the experimental group will receive the MI-CHANCE intervention as Group 2
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 588 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of California, San Diego
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Steffanie Strathdee, University of California, San Diego
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06855836
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 1R33DA061260-01
- Acronym
- MI-CHANCE
- Status last verified
- Mar 2026
- First submitted
- 25 Feb 2025
- Last updated
- 6 Apr 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Publications
Geldhof, G. J., Anthony, K. P., Selig, J. P., & Mendez-Luck, C. A. (2018). Accommodating binary and count variables in mediation: A case for conditional indirect effects. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 42(2), 300-308. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165025417727876
Friedman J, Godvin M, Molina C, Romero R, Borquez A, Avra T, Goodman-Meza D, Strathdee S, Bourgois P, Shover CL. Fentanyl, heroin, and methamphetamine-based counterfeit pills sold at tourist-oriented pharmacies in Mexico: An ethnographic and drug checking study. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2023 Aug 1;249:110819. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.110819. Epub 2023 Jun 9.
PubMed 37348270Alexander RS, Canver BR, Sue KL, Morford KL. Xylazine and Overdoses: Trends, Concerns, and Recommendations. Am J Public Health. 2022 Aug;112(8):1212-1216. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2022.306881.
PubMed 35830662Friedman J, Montero F, Bourgois P, Wahbi R, Dye D, Goodman-Meza D, Shover C. Xylazine spreads across the US: A growing component of the increasingly synthetic and polysubstance overdose crisis. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2022 Apr 1;233:109380. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109380. Epub 2022 Feb 26.
PubMed 35247724Roberts A, Korona-Bailey J, Mukhopadhyay S. Notes from the Field: Nitazene-Related Deaths - Tennessee, 2019-2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2022 Sep 16;71(37):1196-1197. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7137a5. No abstract available.
PubMed 36107790Riggins A. Dangerous mix of fentanyl and animal tranquilizer detected in few seizures in San Diego. San Diego Union Tribune, January 16, 2023
Riggins A. San Diego man sentenced in fentanyl-xylazine case as local evidence of dangerous 'tranq' drug grows. San Diego Union Tribune, September 9, 2023.
Volkow ND, Califf RM, Sokolowska M, Tabak LA, Compton WM. Testing for Fentanyl - Urgent Need for Practice-Relevant and Public Health Research. N Engl J Med. 2023 Jun 15;388(24):2214-2217. doi: 10.1056/NEJMp2302857. Epub 2023 Jun 10. No abstract available.
PubMed 37306505California Health and Safety Code. Division 10. Uniform controlled substances act [11000 - 11651]. Chapter 6. Offenses and penalties [11350 - 11392] Article 4. Miscellaneous Offenses and Provisions [11364 - 11376.5]. 1972.
California Health and Safety Code. Division 105. Communicable disease prevention and control [120100 - 122420]. Part 4. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) [120775 - 121349.3]. Chapter 18. Clean Needle and Syringe Exchange Program [121349 - 121349.3]. 1972.
Davis CS, Lieberman AJ, O'Kelley-Bangsberg M. Legality of drug checking equipment in the United States: A systematic legal analysis. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2022 May 1;234:109425. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109425. Epub 2022 Mar 22.
PubMed 35344879Controlled substances: paraphernalia: controlled substance testing.; 2022. https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB1598.
Green TC, Park JN, Gilbert M, McKenzie M, Struth E, Lucas R, Clarke W, Sherman SG. An assessment of the limits of detection, sensitivity and specificity of three devices for public health-based drug checking of fentanyl in street-acquired samples. Int J Drug Policy. 2020 Mar;77:102661. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102661. Epub 2020 Jan 14.
PubMed 31951925McCrae K, Tobias S, Grant C, Lysyshyn M, Laing R, Wood E, Ti L. Assessing the limit of detection of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and immunoassay strips for fentanyl in a real-world setting. Drug Alcohol Rev. 2020 Jan;39(1):98-102. doi: 10.1111/dar.13004. Epub 2019 Nov 19.
PubMed 31746056Ti L, Tobias S, Lysyshyn M, Laing R, Nosova E, Choi J, Arredondo J, McCrae K, Tupper K, Wood E. Detecting fentanyl using point-of-care drug checking technologies: A validation study. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2020 Jul 1;212:108006. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108006. Epub 2020 May 12.
PubMed 32438280
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 6 Apr 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Efficacy and Implementation Considerations for a Peer-led Motivational Interviewing Intervention to Promote Uptake of Drug Checking Services and Safe Drug Use Behaviors to Reduce Overdose
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06855836
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- MI-CHANCE / 1R33DA061260-01
- Conditions
- Overdose
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Active, not recruiting
- Enrolment
- 588 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of California, San DiegoUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 3 Mar 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- Feb 2029 (estimated)
- Study completion
- May 2029 (estimated)
- First posted
- 4 Mar 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
A hybrid type 1 study will be conducted to evaluate efficacy and preliminary implementation considerations for a novel intervention to promote uptake of drug checking services (DCS) and safer drug use behaviors among people who use drugs (PWUD) to reduce incidence of overdose (OD) and HIV and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in San Diego County.
Approximately 50 syringe services programs (SSPs) in the US now offer advanced drug checking services using test strips (TS) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR), allowing people to submit drug samples with non-nominal identifiers and obtain personalized results. While most existing FTIRs offer some counseling, no theory-based interventions to increase FTIR uptake and promote post-FTIR adoption of safer drug use behaviors have been rigorously evaluated.
Detailed description
588 PWUD who have not yet used FTIR will be recruited into a two-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) (N=294 per group). Recruitment sources will be the community and La Frontera study. Both arms will have access to FTIR's standard of care (SOC) already available at SSP sites (i.e., FTIR, and overdose education and naloxone distribution (OEND)). PWUD randomized to receive MI-CHANCE will receive it from peer support specialists who will be trained in motivational interviewing (MI) to encourage FTIR uptake and safer drug use behaviors. Those in the attention-control SOC arm will receive Flu and Hepatitis A education. All will undergo semi-annual follow-up for 30 months.
Primary Objective: To test the efficacy of MI-CHANCE on reducing rates of combined fatal and non-fatal OD over 30 months and examine social cognitive theory (SCT)-informed mediators and moderators of intervention effects (i.e., knowledge, outcome expectancies, self-efficacy)
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- All recruited study participants will receive the Overdose Education and Naloxone Distribution (OEND) materials. The control group will receive additional Flu and Hepatitis A education as Group 1, and the experimental group will receive the MI-CHANCE intervention as Group 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Standard of Care Control (SOC; Group 1) -TS + FTIR + Flu and Hepatitis A education. | Placebo comparator | Behavioral: TS + FTIR + Flu and Hepatitis A EducationParticipants will receive naloxone, overdose prevention pamphlets and be shown videos (English or Spanish) on how naloxone works. Participants will be offered the services of drug sample testing by the FTIR technician after their study session. The training videos will be on Flu and Hepatitis A education. Overall, the session for Group 1 as the attention control participants will last 30 minutes. |
| MI-CHANCE Intervention (Group 2) - TS+FTIR+MI. | Experimental | Behavioral: MI-CHANCE (TS + FTIR + MI)Participants will receive naloxone, overdose prevention pamphlets and MI in a 30-minute counseling session. Trained peer-support specialists will engage participants in discussion on the drug supply, ask to rate how certain they are about their drugs' content, how they perceive their OD risk, and shown a brief video about FTIR. Using "decisional balance", participants will identify pros and cons of regularly using FTIR prior to drug use and modifying drug use behaviors based on their own potential safer alternatives. Once the balance shifts towards positive change, they will be offered to get their own drug tested by the FTIR technician and provided with results highlighting drug potency and purity. If they decline, a dummy sample containing fentanyl will be used. Participants will develop an action plan with harm reduction principles to problem-solve specific challenges, identify their goals to use FTIR and prevent OD. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (9 listed)
- A total of 588 PWUD participants will be recruited for the proposed study (MI-CHANCE). To be eligible to participate in this study, an individual must meet all of the following criteria:
- Provision of signed and dated informed consent form
- Stated willingness to comply with all study procedures and availability for the duration of the study
- Be aged ≥18 years at time of recruitment
- Must have used illicit opiates (e.g., heroin, fentanyl) and/or methamphetamine ≤1 week prior to recruitment date
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- An individual who meets any of the following criteria will be excluded from participation in this study:
- Not being able to provide a signed and dated informed consent form
- Not willing to comply with all study procedures and availability for the duration of the study
- Currently enrolled in another randomized controlled trial
- Not having used illicit opiates (e.g., heroin, fentanyl), methamphetamine ≤1 week prior to recruitment date
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| MI-CHANCE (TS + FTIR + MI)Also: Motivational InterviewingMI-CHANCE was built following key principles of MI (partnership, acceptance, compassion and evocation) to empower PWUD, help them identify potential benefits of DCS and strategies to integrate these into their daily lives. The manual follows three key stages: 1) introducing DCS, 2) generating change talk, and 3) verbalizing commitment, using open questions, affirmations, reflections and summaries. Pros and cons for regularly using FTIR and changing drug use behaviors accordingly were identified in the literature and through discussions with PWUD and peer support specialists. Peer support specialists are urged to mirror participants' own language (e.g., oxy or M30s=oxycontin; carga= heroin; malilla=withdrawal, fetty=fentanyl). Challenges were categorized into 8 key areas: legal, financial, scheduling, transportation, ability to change drug use behaviors, communication with SSP staff, managing mood and substance use. | Behavioural | MI-CHANCE Intervention (Group 2) - TS+FTIR+MI. |
| TS + FTIR + Flu and Hepatitis A EducationNaloxone and educational materials (i.e. pamphlets) on overdose prevention, videos (English or Spanish) on naloxone, flu and Hepatitis A education. | Behavioural | Standard of Care Control (SOC; Group 1) -TS + FTIR + Flu and Hepatitis A education. |
Primary outcome
Risk rates of fatal and non-fatal overdose over 30 months
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 30 months
Rate of fatal and non-fatal ODs over the course of the study (i.e., the total # of ODs that a participant experiences during the study offset by the natural log of the time spent at risk during the study). Self-reported and obtained through record linkage between MI-CHANCE and emergency medical services and the medical examiner's office to obtain data on ODs that received medical attention and OD deaths, respectively
2 secondary outcomes
Frequency of drug checking service utilization
Time frame: At baseline and every 6 months for 30 months
Risk rates of HIV/HCV infection over 30 months
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 30 months
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 6 Apr 2026.
- BackgroundGeldhof, G. J., Anthony, K. P., Selig, J. P., & Mendez-Luck, C. A. (2018). Accommodating binary and count variables in mediation: A case for conditional indirect effects. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 42(2), 300-308. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165025417727876
- Background: PubMed 37348270Friedman J, Godvin M, Molina C, Romero R, Borquez A, Avra T, Goodman-Meza D, Strathdee S, Bourgois P, Shover CL. Fentanyl, heroin, and methamphetamine-based counterfeit pills sold at tourist-oriented pharmacies in Mexico: An ethnographic and drug checking study. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2023 Aug 1;249:110819. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.110819. Epub 2023 Jun 9.
- Background: PubMed 35830662Alexander RS, Canver BR, Sue KL, Morford KL. Xylazine and Overdoses: Trends, Concerns, and Recommendations. Am J Public Health. 2022 Aug;112(8):1212-1216. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2022.306881.
- Background: PubMed 35247724Friedman J, Montero F, Bourgois P, Wahbi R, Dye D, Goodman-Meza D, Shover C. Xylazine spreads across the US: A growing component of the increasingly synthetic and polysubstance overdose crisis. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2022 Apr 1;233:109380. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109380. Epub 2022 Feb 26.
- Background: PubMed 36107790Roberts A, Korona-Bailey J, Mukhopadhyay S. Notes from the Field: Nitazene-Related Deaths - Tennessee, 2019-2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2022 Sep 16;71(37):1196-1197. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7137a5. No abstract available.
- BackgroundRiggins A. Dangerous mix of fentanyl and animal tranquilizer detected in few seizures in San Diego. San Diego Union Tribune, January 16, 2023
- BackgroundRiggins A. San Diego man sentenced in fentanyl-xylazine case as local evidence of dangerous 'tranq' drug grows. San Diego Union Tribune, September 9, 2023.
- Background: PubMed 37306505Volkow ND, Califf RM, Sokolowska M, Tabak LA, Compton WM. Testing for Fentanyl - Urgent Need for Practice-Relevant and Public Health Research. N Engl J Med. 2023 Jun 15;388(24):2214-2217. doi: 10.1056/NEJMp2302857. Epub 2023 Jun 10. No abstract available.
- BackgroundCalifornia Health and Safety Code. Division 10. Uniform controlled substances act [11000 - 11651]. Chapter 6. Offenses and penalties [11350 - 11392] Article 4. Miscellaneous Offenses and Provisions [11364 - 11376.5]. 1972.
- BackgroundCalifornia Health and Safety Code. Division 105. Communicable disease prevention and control [120100 - 122420]. Part 4. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) [120775 - 121349.3]. Chapter 18. Clean Needle and Syringe Exchange Program [121349 - 121349.3]. 1972.
- Background: PubMed 35344879Davis CS, Lieberman AJ, O'Kelley-Bangsberg M. Legality of drug checking equipment in the United States: A systematic legal analysis. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2022 May 1;234:109425. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109425. Epub 2022 Mar 22.
- BackgroundControlled substances: paraphernalia: controlled substance testing.; 2022. https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB1598.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing MI-CHANCE (TS + FTIR + MI) and TS + FTIR + Flu and Hepatitis A Education in people with Overdose, run by University of California, San Diego at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 9 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: under way, not looking for participants, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 Apr 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Risk rates of fatal and non-fatal overdose over 30 months (time frame: Through study completion, an average of 30 months). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06855836, which also lists 24 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 Apr 2026.