StrokeNCT06877819
Additional Effects of Motor Imaginary Technique Along With Task Oriented Trunk Control Training
A study testing Motor Imaginary Technique alongwith task-oriented training and Task Oriented Training in people with Stroke, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
The aim of this randomized controlled trial is determine additional effects of motor imagery technique along with task oriented training on trunk control, posture, balance and mobility. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 25 to 65 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Stroke
- What is being tested?
- Motor Imaginary Technique alongwith task-oriented training and Task Oriented Training
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 30 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 10 Mar 2025to 15 Sep 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 25 to 65 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Patients with sub-acute stroke (> 3 months stroke till 6 months after stroke)
- Both male and female are included.
- Patient with stage 2 of postural control on Chedoke McMaster Stroke Assessment Score.
- Patient who are able to sit without holding on to objects/people
- Patient who are able to stand for 30seconds
- Patient able to flex non-paretic shoulder upto 90 degree, without holding on to any object
- Patients with no cognitive deficits ( score > 25 on Montreal Cognitive Assessment Tool)
- Patients with moderate spasticity of upper/lower extremity (Modified Ashworth Scale Grade = 1, +1)
Who cannot join
- Patients with visuo-spatial neglect.
- Patients with hearing impairment
- Hip pathologieOlder adults 60 years \& aboves or any condition other than stroke interfering with trunk movements will be excluded
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Pakistan1 site
National Institute of Rehab Medicine, Nijaat Ambulance & Old Age Home
Islamabad, Punjab Province, 44080
About this study
Official title: Additional Effects of Motor Imagery Technique Along With Task Oriented Trunk Control Training on Postural Control And Mobility In Stroke Patients
The aim of this randomized controlled trial is determine additional effects of motor imagery technique along with task oriented training on trunk control, posture, balance and mobility.
Read the detailed description
Stroke has been classified as leading cause of death and disability. Mild to severe disruption on physical and cognitive functions may occur in stroke patients. Lack of motor control, muscle control, sensations, balance commonly develop after stroke. Motor dysfunctions result in body paralysis, paresis, stiffness, decrease range of motion, thereby limiting mobility, body movements hence increasing dependance in performing activities of daily living. Majority of patients of stroke face trunk and pelvis instability and asymmetry resulting in swaying posture, decreased stability, difficulty in weight shifting on affected side therefore resulting in impaired balance. One of advanced technique used in stroke patients is an active cognitive approach known as motor imagery technique (MIT). It involves mental rehearsal of simple and complex movements as per required internally in working memory of a person followed by asking patient to try practical implementation of imagined movement or task at end of each session. Thus this technique is constant reprocessing of interpretation that arise from perception of movement created in mind of a patient enhancing neural connections. In today's world intervention has been goal oriented involving task specific training i.e., repetitive practice of functional task incorporating desired movement and action during activity there by regulating nervous system re-building neural pathways through repeated practice. Task specific training enhance performance of trunk muscles by focusing on concept of function, participation and quality of life. To gain gainful effects among stroke patients, combining cognitive developmental strategy with physical goal oriented activity can be fruitful as it nourishes the concept of neuronal recruitment along with motor control development by improving trunk control, posture and balance among stroke patients. The rationale for the use of these techniques is to identify additional effects of MIT along with task oriented training on trunk control and mobility as studies conducted on trunk control using MI in past were devoid of activity based training, where as those conducted using task-oriented training lack advancement in technology. Therefore, due to dearth of empirical data on symbiotic benefits of motor imagery technique along with task oriented training leads to foundation of this study.
- Conditions
- Stroke
- Being tested
- Motor Imaginary Technique alongwith task-oriented training, Task Oriented Training
- Keywords
- balance, mobility, motor imaginary, posture, trunk
- Medical subject headings
- Stroke
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Motor Imaginary Technique alongwith task-oriented trainingOther
Motor imaginary technique followed by task oriented trunk control training alongwith conventional physiotherapy.Frequency: 10- 15 reps 4 times/week for 8 consecutive weeks. Time for each session will be 60 mins. First of all task based exercises will be assumed by patient. To make imaginations more strong an audio demonstration of each exercise will be recorded by therapist and will be administered to patients hearing via headphones. This will make it easy for patients to assume as they are performing theses exercises in their head. Motor imagination will be followed by practical performance of same tasks. The experimental group will receive motor imagery technique for 15 minutes followed by task-specific training for 45minutes along with conventional physiotherapy to improve postural control and balance in stroke patients. .
Task Oriented TrainingOther
Control group will receive task oriented trunk control training exercises followed by conventional physiotherapy. .Frequency: 10- 15 reps 4 times/week for 8 consecutive weeks. Time for each session will be 60 mins.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Motor Imaginary alongwith Task Oriented Training | Experimental | patient will first imagine task task-based based activities with closed eyes while listening to the audio using headphones, this will be followed by practical implication of same tasks and coventional physiotherapy. Receives: Other: Motor Imaginary Technique alongwith task-oriented training |
| Task Oriented Training | Active comparator | patient will be asked to perform task based activities followed by conventional physiotherapy Receives: Other: Task Oriented Training |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Postural Assesment Scale for Stroke
it was developed in 1999 as an adaptation to fugyl-meyer scale. PASS scale is designed for stroke patient to assess and monitor postural control after stroke. Multiple studies support the predictive validity of the PASS. PASS demonstrated excellent predictive validity at 14, 30, 90 and 180 days post stroke (α=0.86-0.90), as measured using Spearman's p correlation coefficient.
The PASS scale is composed of 2 sections of posture I.e: maintaining posture and changing a posture. it is a 4-point scale and consist a total of 12 items with total score of 36.
Measured: 8 weeks
Trunk Impairment Scale
TIS was developed by Verheydenet. al to evaluate trunk control in stroke patients. TIS assesses static and dynamic sitting balance and trunk coordination in a sitting position. The total score for TIS ranges between 0 for a minimal performance to 23 for a perfect performance. Test/retest and interobserver reliability for the TIS total score (ICC) - 0.96 and 0.99, respectively. The 95% limits of agreement for the test/retest and interexaminer measurement error - 2/2.90, 3.68 and 2/1.84, 1.84, respectively. Cronbach alpha coefficients for internal consistency range from 0.65 to 0.89.
Measured: 8 weeks
Berg Balance Scale
The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) is used to determine balance Impairment in elderly. population and in patients with strok . It is a 14 item list with each item consisting of a five-point ordinal scale ranging from 0 to 4, with 0 indicating the lowest level of function and 4 the highest level of function and takes approximately 20 minutes to complete. The Berg Balance Scale has a high relative reliability with inter-rater reliability estimated at 0.97 (95% CI 0.96 to 0.98) and intra-rater reliability estimated at 0.98 (95% CI 0.97 to 0.99).
Measured: 8 weeks
Functional Reach Test
In 1990 Pamela Duncan and colleagues developed Functional Reach test. It is single-task, dynamic test that is used to predict falls in older adults. This test measures the margin of stability along with the ability to measure balance during a functional task. Correlation values were 0.86 and 0.87 at two different times, with a correlation coefficient greater than 0.76 is a strong predictor of fall.
Measured: 8 weeks
Time-Up and-Go Test
The Timed Up and Go (TUG) is a commonly used outcome measure that can assess activity limitations in the ICF model by examining the patient's ability to ambulate and perform transfers. The Timed up and Go test has excellent inter-rater correlation (ICC) = 0.99, and high intra-rater reliability (ICC = 0.99).
Measured: 8 weeks
5 Times sit-t-To-Stand Test
5 times sit to stand test (5XSST) measures functional lower limb muscle strength and may be useful in quantifying functional change of transitional movements. The 5XSST test has excellent intra-rater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) range: 0.914-0.933) and excellent test-retest reliability (ICC range: 0.988-0.995) in healthy older adults.
Measured: 8 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted14 Mar 2025
- Study start10 Mar 2025
- Primary completion15 Sep 2025
- Study completion15 Sep 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for StrokeStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Arshad Nawaz Malik, PhD Rehab, Principal investigator, Riphah International UniversityMinahil Butt, MS-NMPT*, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06877819
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/MS-PT/02027 Minahil Butt
- Status last verified
- Nov 2025
- First submitted
- 10 Mar 2025
- Last updated
- 19 Nov 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 19 Nov 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Additional Effects of Motor Imagery Technique Along With Task Oriented Trunk Control Training on Postural Control And Mobility In Stroke Patients
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06877819
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- REC/MS-PT/02027 Minahil Butt
- Conditions
- Stroke
- Keywords
- balance, mobility, motor imaginary, posture, trunk
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 10 Mar 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Sep 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 15 Sep 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 14 Mar 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The aim of this randomized controlled trial is determine additional effects of motor imagery technique along with task oriented training on trunk control, posture, balance and mobility.
Detailed description
Stroke has been classified as leading cause of death and disability. Mild to severe disruption on physical and cognitive functions may occur in stroke patients. Lack of motor control, muscle control, sensations, balance commonly develop after stroke. Motor dysfunctions result in body paralysis, paresis, stiffness, decrease range of motion, thereby limiting mobility, body movements hence increasing dependance in performing activities of daily living. Majority of patients of stroke face trunk and pelvis instability and asymmetry resulting in swaying posture, decreased stability, difficulty in weight shifting on affected side therefore resulting in impaired balance. One of advanced technique used in stroke patients is an active cognitive approach known as motor imagery technique (MIT). It involves mental rehearsal of simple and complex movements as per required internally in working memory of a person followed by asking patient to try practical implementation of imagined movement or task at end of each session. Thus this technique is constant reprocessing of interpretation that arise from perception of movement created in mind of a patient enhancing neural connections. In today's world intervention has been goal oriented involving task specific training i.e., repetitive practice of functional task incorporating desired movement and action during activity there by regulating nervous system re-building neural pathways through repeated practice. Task specific training enhance performance of trunk muscles by focusing on concept of function, participation and quality of life. To gain gainful effects among stroke patients, combining cognitive developmental strategy with physical goal oriented activity can be fruitful as it nourishes the concept of neuronal recruitment along with motor control development by improving trunk control, posture and balance among stroke patients. The rationale for the use of these techniques is to identify additional effects of MIT along with task oriented training on trunk control and mobility as studies conducted on trunk control using MI in past were devoid of activity based training, where as those conducted using task-oriented training lack advancement in technology. Therefore, due to dearth of empirical data on symbiotic benefits of motor imagery technique along with task oriented training leads to foundation of this study.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Motor Imaginary alongwith Task Oriented Training | Experimental | Other: Motor Imaginary Technique alongwith task-oriented trainingpatient will first imagine task task-based based activities with closed eyes while listening to the audio using headphones, this will be followed by practical implication of same tasks and coventional physiotherapy. |
| Task Oriented Training | Active comparator | Other: Task Oriented Trainingpatient will be asked to perform task based activities followed by conventional physiotherapy |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 25 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (8 listed)
- Patients with sub-acute stroke (> 3 months stroke till 6 months after stroke)
- Both male and female are included.
- Patient with stage 2 of postural control on Chedoke McMaster Stroke Assessment Score.
- Patient who are able to sit without holding on to objects/people
- Patient who are able to stand for 30seconds
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Patients with visuo-spatial neglect.
- Patients with hearing impairment
- Hip pathologieOlder adults 60 years \& aboves or any condition other than stroke interfering with trunk movements will be excluded
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Motor Imaginary Technique alongwith task-oriented trainingMotor imaginary technique followed by task oriented trunk control training alongwith conventional physiotherapy.Frequency: 10- 15 reps 4 times/week for 8 consecutive weeks. Time for each session will be 60 mins. First of all task based exercises will be assumed by patient. To make imaginations more strong an audio demonstration of each exercise will be recorded by therapist and will be administered to patients hearing via headphones. This will make it easy for patients to assume as they are performing theses exercises in their head. Motor imagination will be followed by practical performance of same tasks. The experimental group will receive motor imagery technique for 15 minutes followed by task-specific training for 45minutes along with conventional physiotherapy to improve postural control and balance in stroke patients. . | Other | Motor Imaginary alongwith Task Oriented Training |
| Task Oriented TrainingControl group will receive task oriented trunk control training exercises followed by conventional physiotherapy. .Frequency: 10- 15 reps 4 times/week for 8 consecutive weeks. Time for each session will be 60 mins. | Other | Task Oriented Training |
Primary outcome
Postural Assesment Scale for Stroke
Time frame: 8 weeks
it was developed in 1999 as an adaptation to fugyl-meyer scale. PASS scale is designed for stroke patient to assess and monitor postural control after stroke. Multiple studies support the predictive validity of the PASS. PASS demonstrated excellent predictive validity at 14, 30, 90 and 180 days post stroke (α=0.86-0.90), as measured using Spearman's p correlation coefficient. The PASS scale is composed of 2 sections of posture I.e: maintaining posture and changing a posture. it is a 4-point scale and consist a total of 12 items with total score of 36.
Trunk Impairment Scale
Time frame: 8 weeks
TIS was developed by Verheydenet. al to evaluate trunk control in stroke patients. TIS assesses static and dynamic sitting balance and trunk coordination in a sitting position. The total score for TIS ranges between 0 for a minimal performance to 23 for a perfect performance. Test/retest and interobserver reliability for the TIS total score (ICC) - 0.96 and 0.99, respectively. The 95% limits of agreement for the test/retest and interexaminer measurement error - 2/2.90, 3.68 and 2/1.84, 1.84, respectively. Cronbach alpha coefficients for internal consistency range from 0.65 to 0.89.
Berg Balance Scale
Time frame: 8 weeks
The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) is used to determine balance Impairment in elderly. population and in patients with strok . It is a 14 item list with each item consisting of a five-point ordinal scale ranging from 0 to 4, with 0 indicating the lowest level of function and 4 the highest level of function and takes approximately 20 minutes to complete. The Berg Balance Scale has a high relative reliability with inter-rater reliability estimated at 0.97 (95% CI 0.96 to 0.98) and intra-rater reliability estimated at 0.98 (95% CI 0.97 to 0.99).
Functional Reach Test
Time frame: 8 weeks
In 1990 Pamela Duncan and colleagues developed Functional Reach test. It is single-task, dynamic test that is used to predict falls in older adults. This test measures the margin of stability along with the ability to measure balance during a functional task. Correlation values were 0.86 and 0.87 at two different times, with a correlation coefficient greater than 0.76 is a strong predictor of fall.
Time-Up and-Go Test
Time frame: 8 weeks
The Timed Up and Go (TUG) is a commonly used outcome measure that can assess activity limitations in the ICF model by examining the patient's ability to ambulate and perform transfers. The Timed up and Go test has excellent inter-rater correlation (ICC) = 0.99, and high intra-rater reliability (ICC = 0.99).
5 Times sit-t-To-Stand Test
Time frame: 8 weeks
5 times sit to stand test (5XSST) measures functional lower limb muscle strength and may be useful in quantifying functional change of transitional movements. The 5XSST test has excellent intra-rater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) range: 0.914-0.933) and excellent test-retest reliability (ICC range: 0.988-0.995) in healthy older adults.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 19 Nov 2025.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Arshad Nawaz Malik, PhD Rehab principal investigator
Riphah International University
Minahil Butt, MS-NMPT* principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Motor Imaginary Technique alongwith task-oriented training and Task Oriented Training in people with Stroke, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 8 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 19 Nov 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Postural Assesment Scale for Stroke (time frame: 8 weeks). The study lists 6 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 19 Nov 2025.