Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)Phase 1NCT06911372
The Impact of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Cerebral Blood Flow and Cerebrovascular Function After Pregnancy
A Phase 1 study testing Intradermal Microdialysis, Brain Blood Flow Tests and Local Heating in people with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and Postpartum Women, run by Anna Stanhewicz, PhD at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) currently affects approximately 14% of all pregnancies worldwide. Importantly, the health-related consequences of GDM extend well beyond pregnancy, such that women with a history of GDM have a 40% increased risk of cerebrovascular diseases and a 67% increased risk of dementia… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 50 years, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), Postpartum Women, Uncomplicated Pregnancy
- What is being tested?
- Intradermal Microdialysis, Brain Blood Flow Tests and Local Heating
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 84 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 22 Aug 2025to 15 Apr 2028
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 50 years
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Post-partum women
- 18 years or older
- Delivered within 5 years from the study visit
- History of gestational diabetes diagnosed by an obstetrician and confirmed according to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists criteria for gestational diabetes OR history of uncomplicated pregnancy (defined as no history of gestational diabetes, hypertensive pregnancy, or other gestational disorder).
- EXCLUSION CRITERIA: We exclude participants from both groups for:
- Skin diseases
Show all 19Show fewer
- Current tobacco use
- Diagnosed or suspected hepatic or metabolic disease including diabetes
- Diagnosed with depression or other mood-related disorders, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, or pulmonary fibrosis
- Use of prescribed NSAIDs, statins or other cholesterol-lowering medication, antihypertensive medication, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, corticosteroids, thyroid medications, antidepressants or mood stabilizers, diuretics, phenothiazines, or benzodiazepines
- History of preeclampsia or gestational hypertension,
- History or family history of panic disorder,
- Currently pregnant
- Body mass index <18.5 kg/m2,
- Allergy to materials used during the experiment (e.g. latex), known allergies to study drugs.
- History of heavy alcohol use/binge drinking,
- Have planned procedures with radiological contrast,
- Have a major dental procedure/surgery coming up, such as a dental extraction
- Anatomy of the middle cerebral artery or internal carotid artery that prevents adequate ultrasonography and/or and data collection
Who cannot join
None listed.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
United States1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Iowa Bioscience Innovation Facility
Iowa City, Iowa, 52242
Anna Stanhewicz, P.h.D, 3194671732, anna-stanhewicz@uiowa.edu
Claire Goebel, B.S., 5158359904, cgoebl@uiowa.edu
About this study
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) currently affects approximately 14% of all pregnancies worldwide. Importantly, the health-related consequences of GDM extend well beyond pregnancy, such that women with a history of GDM have a 40% increased risk of cerebrovascular diseases and a 67% increased risk of dementia, compared to women with a history of uncomplicated pregnancy. Women with a history of GDM have impaired skin microvascular function, compared with women with a history of uncomplicated pregnancy. Therefore, it's likely that GDM results in impaired brain blood vessel function, yet there is little-to-no information regarding the effects of GDM on brain blood vessel health and function after pregnancy.
Therefore, the purpose of the study is to evaluate the effects of GDM on brain blood flow and brain blood vessel function in healthy women with either a history of GDM or uncomplicated pregnancy.
In this study, the investigators will use two different types of ultrasound to non-invasively measure brain blood flow. Brain blood vessel function will be evaluated by examining the brain blood flow responses to increases in carbon dioxide (the increases in carbon dioxide are similar to what is experienced during a breath hold). Additionally, the investigators will compare the brain blood flow results to skin microvascular function to explore potential mechanisms behind possible impairments in brain blood vessel function. Skin microvascular function will be assessed using a minimally invasive technique (intradermal microdialysis for the local delivery of pharmaceutical agents) on dime sized areas of the forearm. Finally, for screening purposes and to further explore potential mechanisms behind any potential impairments in brain blood vessel function, the investigators will perform blood draws to determine the metabolic health of the participants and to analyze for substances that influence blood vessel function.
- Being tested
- Intradermal Microdialysis, Brain Blood Flow Tests, Local Heating
- Keywords
- Gestational Diabetes, Brain Blood Flow, Pregnancy, Postpartum
- Medical subject headings
- Diabetes, Gestational
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Intradermal MicrodialysisDrug
A total of three microdialysis sites will be perfused with ringer's solution, L-NAME, or ketorolac (one drug per site). After a baseline period, all three sites will undergo tests of blood vessel function including an acetylcholine dose-response protocol and a test of maximal skin blood flow with sodium nitroprusside.
Brain Blood Flow TestsOther
Participants will complete CO2 breathing procedures to evaluate brain blood vessel health.
Local HeatingOther
A dime-sized heater will be placed on the skin to evaluate cutaneous microvascular function
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Vascular Tests | Experimental | All women will complete the same protocol, regardless of pregnancy history. Receives: Drug: Intradermal Microdialysis; Other: Brain Blood Flow Tests; Other: Local Heating |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Stepped hypercapnia-induced change in middle cerebral artery velocity
Middle cerebral artery velocity responses to stepped concentrations of inhaled carbon dioxide gas
Measured: During the study visit, an average of 5 hours
Hypercapnia-induced change in internal carotid artery diameter
Internal carotid artery shear-mediated dilation response to inhaled carbon dioxide
Measured: During the study visit, an average of 5 hours
Change in microvascular blood flow response to increasing concentrations of acetylcholine
Cutaneous vascular vasodilator responses to acetylcholine perfusion in lactated Ringer's, ketorolac, and L-NAME treated microdialysis sites.
Measured: During the study visit, an average of 5 hours
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted4 Apr 2025
- Study start22 Aug 2025
- Primary completion15 Apr 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion15 Apr 2028 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 84 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Anna Stanhewicz, PhD
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Anna Stanhewicz, PhD, University of Iowa
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06911372
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 202410260
- Status last verified
- Dec 2025
- First submitted
- 12 Mar 2025
- Last updated
- 16 Dec 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- Yes
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 16 Dec 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Impact of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Cerebral Blood Flow and Cerebrovascular Function After Pregnancy
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06911372
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 202410260
- Keywords
- Gestational Diabetes, Brain Blood Flow, Pregnancy, Postpartum
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 84 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Anna Stanhewicz, PhDUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 22 Aug 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Apr 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 15 Apr 2028 (estimated)
- First posted
- 4 Apr 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) currently affects approximately 14% of all pregnancies worldwide. Importantly, the health-related consequences of GDM extend well beyond pregnancy, such that women with a history of GDM have a 40% increased risk of cerebrovascular diseases and a 67% increased risk of dementia, compared to women with a history of uncomplicated pregnancy. Women with a history of GDM have impaired skin microvascular function, compared with women with a history of uncomplicated pregnancy. Therefore, it's likely that GDM results in impaired brain blood vessel function, yet there is little-to-no information regarding the effects of GDM on brain blood vessel health and function after pregnancy.
Therefore, the purpose of the study is to evaluate the effects of GDM on brain blood flow and brain blood vessel function in healthy women with either a history of GDM or uncomplicated pregnancy.
In this study, the investigators will use two different types of ultrasound to non-invasively measure brain blood flow. Brain blood vessel function will be evaluated by examining the brain blood flow responses to increases in carbon dioxide (the increases in carbon dioxide are similar to what is experienced during a breath hold). Additionally, the investigators will compare the brain blood flow results to skin microvascular function to explore potential mechanisms behind possible impairments in brain blood vessel function. Skin microvascular function will be assessed using a minimally invasive technique (intradermal microdialysis for the local delivery of pharmaceutical agents) on dime sized areas of the forearm. Finally, for screening purposes and to further explore potential mechanisms behind any potential impairments in brain blood vessel function, the investigators will perform blood draws to determine the metabolic health of the participants and to analyze for substances that influence blood vessel function.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Vascular Tests | Experimental | Drug: Intradermal Microdialysis, Other: Brain Blood Flow Tests, Other: Local HeatingAll women will complete the same protocol, regardless of pregnancy history. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 50 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (19 listed)
- Post-partum women
- 18 years or older
- Delivered within 5 years from the study visit
- History of gestational diabetes diagnosed by an obstetrician and confirmed according to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists criteria for gestational diabetes OR history of uncomplicated pregnancy (defined as no history of gestational diabetes, hypertensive pregnancy, or other gestational disorder).
- Skin diseases
Key exclusion criteria (0 listed)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Intradermal MicrodialysisA total of three microdialysis sites will be perfused with ringer's solution, L-NAME, or ketorolac (one drug per site). After a baseline period, all three sites will undergo tests of blood vessel function including an acetylcholine dose-response protocol and a test of maximal skin blood flow with sodium nitroprusside. | Drug | Vascular Tests |
| Brain Blood Flow TestsParticipants will complete CO2 breathing procedures to evaluate brain blood vessel health. | Other | Vascular Tests |
| Local HeatingA dime-sized heater will be placed on the skin to evaluate cutaneous microvascular function | Other | Vascular Tests |
Primary outcome
Stepped hypercapnia-induced change in middle cerebral artery velocity
Time frame: During the study visit, an average of 5 hours
Middle cerebral artery velocity responses to stepped concentrations of inhaled carbon dioxide gas
Hypercapnia-induced change in internal carotid artery diameter
Time frame: During the study visit, an average of 5 hours
Internal carotid artery shear-mediated dilation response to inhaled carbon dioxide
Change in microvascular blood flow response to increasing concentrations of acetylcholine
Time frame: During the study visit, an average of 5 hours
Cutaneous vascular vasodilator responses to acetylcholine perfusion in lactated Ringer's, ketorolac, and L-NAME treated microdialysis sites.
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 16 Dec 2025.
Related trials for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)
Not yet recruitingObservational study
Ultrasound Assessment Of Gastric Volume In Pregnant Women Undergoing Elective Cesarean Section
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), Obstetric Anesthesia
Active, not recruiting
Effect of Probiotics on Insulin Sensitivity in Overweight and Obese Pregnancy
Obesity & Overweight, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)
Not yet recruiting
STRONG: SMART Trial
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)
Not yet recruiting
The WAIT Trial: Waiting Versus Active Induction at Term in Women With A1 Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)
Recruiting
Diabetes, Insulin, Gut, Enteric Supplementation Trial
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), Blood Glucose
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 1 study testing Intradermal Microdialysis, Brain Blood Flow Tests and Local Heating in people with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and Postpartum Women, run by Anna Stanhewicz, PhD at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 19 inclusion and 0 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 16 Dec 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 1 studies test a treatment in a small group of people for the first time or in a new way, mainly to check safety and find the right dose.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Anna Reid-Stanhewicz, PHD (319-467-1732, anna-stanhewicz@uiowa.edu), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Stepped hypercapnia-induced change in middle cerebral artery velocity (time frame: During the study visit, an average of 5 hours). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 16 Dec 2025; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 8 Nov 2026.