Cardiac Arrest (CA)SPARCNCT07002294
The Effect of SPecialty cAre on Recovery From Cardiac Arrest Trial (the SPARC Trial)
A study testing Transfer to specialty care in people with Cardiac Arrest (CA) and Heart Arrest, run by University of Pittsburgh at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
This randomized clinical trial will determine if adult participants who are in the emergency department after being resuscitated from a cardiac arrest outside of the hospital benefit from care delivered at specialized centers. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Cardiac Arrest (CA), Heart Arrest, Heart Arrest, Out-Of-Hospital
- What is being tested?
- Transfer to specialty care
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 1,618 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 11 May 2026to Jan 2032
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
- Resuscitated from cardiac arrest with palpable pulse in the emergency department
- Treated at one of participating hospital emergency departments
- Age ≥18 years
Who cannot join
- Known prior advanced directives or decision to limit critical care
- Known pre-arrest dependent functional status (e.g., living in a skilled nursing facility, hospice or bedbound)
- Arrest in the emergency department >4 hours after arrival
- Traumatic etiology of arrest
- Known to have opted-out from the SPARC trial
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
United States1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
University of Pittsburgh Department of Emergency Medicine
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213
Sara DiFiore-Sprouse, 4128642284, difioresm@upmc.edu
Jonathan Elmer, MD, MS
About this study
This randomized clinical trial will determine if adult participants who are in the emergency department after being resuscitated from a cardiac arrest outside of the hospital benefit from care delivered at specialized centers.
The main question that it will answer is whether transferring participants to a hospital with a specialized cardiac arrest service improves recovery of function after 90 days.
Participants will receive all usual medical care, but some participants will be offered transfer to a regional cardiac arrest center and others will be offered care at the closest appropriate hospital. Investigators will interview participants after 90 days to assess their recovery.
Read the detailed description
Cardiac arrest is a sudden stopping of the heart, which can sometimes be reversed by rapid cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and emergency medical care. Each year, over 150,000 Americans are admitted to the hospital after receiving CPR. However, many of these patients die in the hospital. There is wide variation in patient outcomes between hospitals. A key knowledge gap about systems of care is whether specific hospital or subsequent interventions or processes of care are associated with better patient outcomes. Specifically, it is unknown if patient outcomes are improved by specialized centers or by improved implementation of recommended interventions at all hospitals.
Observational data in our region and internationally suggest that out-of-hospital cardiac arrest outcomes are better when patients who survive CPR are hospitalized in specialty care or high-volume centers. It is unclear from these studies what are the minimal capabilities that distinguish specialty care from usual care and which aspects of specialty care are influencing outcomes.
This trial will take advantage of a regional system of care that includes 18 hospitals in southwestern Pennsylvania that treat over 1,000 patients resuscitated from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest annually. This region includes one high-volume specialty center with specific attention to recommended interventions for this patient population, as well as several secondary and tertiary care facilities with variable resources and approaches to patient care. This randomized trial will compare outcomes for patients assigned to care at the specialty center versus other centers and will leverage the heterogeneity of treatment between centers to understand the influence of specific treatments.
- Being tested
- Transfer to specialty care, Usual care
- Keywords
- cardiac arrest
- Medical subject headings
- Heart Arrest, Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Transfer to specialty careOther
Interfacility transport and treatment at the specialty care hospital
Usual careOther
Hospitalization and treatment at the closest appropriate facility
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Transfer to specialty care | Experimental | Participants randomized to receive specialty care will undergo immediate interfacility transport to and hospital treatment at the specialty care hospital Receives: Other: Transfer to specialty care |
| Usual care | Active comparator | Participants randomized to the usual care arm will be hospitalized at the first hospital or transferred to the closest appropriate hospital Receives: Other: Usual care |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Modified Rankin Scale
The Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) is a measure of functional recovery, measured 90 days after cardiac arrest. A Modified Rankin Score (mRS) of 0 corresponds to full functional recovery and a Modified Rankin Score (mRS) of 6 corresponds to death, with progressively worse functional outcomes at higher scores. Intermediate values reflect progressive functional dependence, with higher scores reflecting greater dependence on others.
Measured: 90 Days post arrest
Secondary outcomes (3)
Survival to ICU Admission
Measured: 24 hours post arrest
72 hour survival
Measured: 72 hours post arrest
mRS at hospital discharge
Measured: Up to 6 months post arrest
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted3 Jun 2025
- Study start11 May 2026
- Primary completionJun 2031 (estimated)
- Study completionJan 2032 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (65)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Cardiac Arrest (CA)Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of PittsburghThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 1,618 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Pittsburgh
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Jonathan Elmer, University of Pittsburgh
- Investigators
- Jonathan Elmer, MD, MS, Principal investigator, University of Pittsburgh
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07002294
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- STUDY25050152
- Other IDs
- R61HL175113
- Acronym
- SPARC
- Status last verified
- Aug 2026
- First submitted
- 23 May 2025
- Last updated
- 6 Aug 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: Deidentified data may be shared in the future with investigators at other institutions. The local investigators will execute data use agreements with outside investigators and institutions prior to sharing any data. Identifiable data will not be shared.
Publications
Michie S, van Stralen MM, West R. The behaviour change wheel: a new method for characterising and designing behaviour change interventions. Implement Sci. 2011 Apr 23;6:42. doi: 10.1186/1748-5908-6-42.
PubMed 21513547Elmer J, Weisgerber AR, Wallace DJ, Horne E, Stuart SA, Shutterly K, Callaway CW. Between-hospital variability in organ donation after resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation. 2021 Oct;167:372-379. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.07.038. Epub 2021 Aug 4.
PubMed 34363855Elmer J, Molyneaux BJ, Shutterly K, Stuart SA, Callaway CW, Darby JM, Weisgerber AR. Organ donation after resuscitation from cardiac arrest. Resuscitation. 2019 Dec;145:63-69. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2019.10.013. Epub 2019 Oct 22.
PubMed 31654724Imai K, Keele L, Tingley D. A general approach to causal mediation analysis. Psychol Methods. 2010 Dec;15(4):309-34. doi: 10.1037/a0020761.
PubMed 20954780VanderWeele TJ. A unification of mediation and interaction: a 4-way decomposition. Epidemiology. 2014 Sep;25(5):749-61. doi: 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000121.
PubMed 25000145VanderWeele TJ. Bias formulas for sensitivity analysis for direct and indirect effects. Epidemiology. 2010 Jul;21(4):540-51. doi: 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181df191c.
PubMed 20479643VanderWeele TJ. Commentary: On Causes, Causal Inference, and Potential Outcomes. Int J Epidemiol. 2016 Dec 1;45(6):1809-1816. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyw230. No abstract available.
PubMed 28130319Baron RM, Kenny DA. The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1986 Dec;51(6):1173-82. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.51.6.1173.
PubMed 3806354Kahan BC, Jairath V, Dore CJ, Morris TP. The risks and rewards of covariate adjustment in randomized trials: an assessment of 12 outcomes from 8 studies. Trials. 2014 Apr 23;15:139. doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-15-139.
PubMed 24755011Elmer J, Coppler PJ, May TL, Hirsch K, Faro J, Solanki P, Brown M, Puyana JS, Rittenberger JC, Callaway CW. Unsupervised learning of early post-arrest brain injury phenotypes. Resuscitation. 2020 Aug;153:154-160. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.05.051. Epub 2020 Jun 9.
PubMed 32531403Callaway CW, Schmicker R, Kampmeyer M, Powell J, Rea TD, Daya MR, Aufderheide TP, Davis DP, Rittenberger JC, Idris AH, Nichol G; Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium (ROC) Investigators. Receiving hospital characteristics associated with survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation. 2010 May;81(5):524-9. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2009.12.006. Epub 2010 Jan 13.
PubMed 20071070Campbell BCV, Mitchell PJ, Churilov L, Yassi N, Kleinig TJ, Dowling RJ, Yan B, Bush SJ, Dewey HM, Thijs V, Scroop R, Simpson M, Brooks M, Asadi H, Wu TY, Shah DG, Wijeratne T, Ang T, Miteff F, Levi CR, Rodrigues E, Zhao H, Salvaris P, Garcia-Esperon C, Bailey P, Rice H, de Villiers L, Brown H, Redmond K, Leggett D, Fink JN, Collecutt W, Wong AA, Muller C, Coulthard A, Mitchell K, Clouston J, Mahady K, Field D, Ma H, Phan TG, Chong W, Chandra RV, Slater LA, Krause M, Harrington TJ, Faulder KC, Steinfort BS, Bladin CF, Sharma G, Desmond PM, Parsons MW, Donnan GA, Davis SM; EXTEND-IA TNK Investigators. Tenecteplase versus Alteplase before Thrombectomy for Ischemic Stroke. N Engl J Med. 2018 Apr 26;378(17):1573-1582. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1716405.
PubMed 29694815Goyal M, Demchuk AM, Menon BK, Eesa M, Rempel JL, Thornton J, Roy D, Jovin TG, Willinsky RA, Sapkota BL, Dowlatshahi D, Frei DF, Kamal NR, Montanera WJ, Poppe AY, Ryckborst KJ, Silver FL, Shuaib A, Tampieri D, Williams D, Bang OY, Baxter BW, Burns PA, Choe H, Heo JH, Holmstedt CA, Jankowitz B, Kelly M, Linares G, Mandzia JL, Shankar J, Sohn SI, Swartz RH, Barber PA, Coutts SB, Smith EE, Morrish WF, Weill A, Subramaniam S, Mitha AP, Wong JH, Lowerison MW, Sajobi TT, Hill MD; ESCAPE Trial Investigators. Randomized assessment of rapid endovascular treatment of ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2015 Mar 12;372(11):1019-30. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1414905. Epub 2015 Feb 11.
PubMed 25671798Berkhemer OA, Fransen PS, Beumer D, van den Berg LA, Lingsma HF, Yoo AJ, Schonewille WJ, Vos JA, Nederkoorn PJ, Wermer MJ, van Walderveen MA, Staals J, Hofmeijer J, van Oostayen JA, Lycklama a Nijeholt GJ, Boiten J, Brouwer PA, Emmer BJ, de Bruijn SF, van Dijk LC, Kappelle LJ, Lo RH, van Dijk EJ, de Vries J, de Kort PL, van Rooij WJ, van den Berg JS, van Hasselt BA, Aerden LA, Dallinga RJ, Visser MC, Bot JC, Vroomen PC, Eshghi O, Schreuder TH, Heijboer RJ, Keizer K, Tielbeek AV, den Hertog HM, Gerrits DG, van den Berg-Vos RM, Karas GB, Steyerberg EW, Flach HZ, Marquering HA, Sprengers ME, Jenniskens SF, Beenen LF, van den Berg R, Koudstaal PJ, van Zwam WH, Roos YB, van der Lugt A, van Oostenbrugge RJ, Majoie CB, Dippel DW; MR CLEAN Investigators. A randomized trial of intraarterial treatment for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2015 Jan 1;372(1):11-20. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1411587. Epub 2014 Dec 17.
PubMed 25517348Peterson B, Harrell FE. Partial Proportional Odds Models for Ordinal Response Variables. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series C (Applied Statistics) 1990;39:205-17
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 6 Aug 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of SPecialty cAre on Recovery From Cardiac Arrest Trial (the SPARC Trial)
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07002294
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- SPARC / STUDY25050152
- Keywords
- cardiac arrest
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 1,618 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- University of PittsburghUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- Study start
- 11 May 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- Jun 2031 (estimated)
- Study completion
- Jan 2032 (estimated)
- First posted
- 3 Jun 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This randomized clinical trial will determine if adult participants who are in the emergency department after being resuscitated from a cardiac arrest outside of the hospital benefit from care delivered at specialized centers.
The main question that it will answer is whether transferring participants to a hospital with a specialized cardiac arrest service improves recovery of function after 90 days.
Participants will receive all usual medical care, but some participants will be offered transfer to a regional cardiac arrest center and others will be offered care at the closest appropriate hospital. Investigators will interview participants after 90 days to assess their recovery.
Detailed description
Cardiac arrest is a sudden stopping of the heart, which can sometimes be reversed by rapid cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and emergency medical care. Each year, over 150,000 Americans are admitted to the hospital after receiving CPR. However, many of these patients die in the hospital. There is wide variation in patient outcomes between hospitals. A key knowledge gap about systems of care is whether specific hospital or subsequent interventions or processes of care are associated with better patient outcomes. Specifically, it is unknown if patient outcomes are improved by specialized centers or by improved implementation of recommended interventions at all hospitals.
Observational data in our region and internationally suggest that out-of-hospital cardiac arrest outcomes are better when patients who survive CPR are hospitalized in specialty care or high-volume centers. It is unclear from these studies what are the minimal capabilities that distinguish specialty care from usual care and which aspects of specialty care are influencing outcomes.
This trial will take advantage of a regional system of care that includes 18 hospitals in southwestern Pennsylvania that treat over 1,000 patients resuscitated from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest annually. This region includes one high-volume specialty center with specific attention to recommended interventions for this patient population, as well as several secondary and tertiary care facilities with variable resources and approaches to patient care. This randomized trial will compare outcomes for patients assigned to care at the specialty center versus other centers and will leverage the heterogeneity of treatment between centers to understand the influence of specific treatments.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Transfer to specialty care | Experimental | Other: Transfer to specialty careParticipants randomized to receive specialty care will undergo immediate interfacility transport to and hospital treatment at the specialty care hospital |
| Usual care | Active comparator | Other: Usual careParticipants randomized to the usual care arm will be hospitalized at the first hospital or transferred to the closest appropriate hospital |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
- Resuscitated from cardiac arrest with palpable pulse in the emergency department
- Treated at one of participating hospital emergency departments
- Age ≥18 years
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Known prior advanced directives or decision to limit critical care
- Known pre-arrest dependent functional status (e.g., living in a skilled nursing facility, hospice or bedbound)
- Arrest in the emergency department >4 hours after arrival
- Traumatic etiology of arrest
- Known to have opted-out from the SPARC trial
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Transfer to specialty careInterfacility transport and treatment at the specialty care hospital | Other | Transfer to specialty care |
| Usual careHospitalization and treatment at the closest appropriate facility | Other | Usual care |
Primary outcome
Modified Rankin Scale
Time frame: 90 Days post arrest
The Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) is a measure of functional recovery, measured 90 days after cardiac arrest. A Modified Rankin Score (mRS) of 0 corresponds to full functional recovery and a Modified Rankin Score (mRS) of 6 corresponds to death, with progressively worse functional outcomes at higher scores. Intermediate values reflect progressive functional dependence, with higher scores reflecting greater dependence on others.
3 secondary outcomes
Survival to ICU Admission
Time frame: 24 hours post arrest
72 hour survival
Time frame: 72 hours post arrest
mRS at hospital discharge
Time frame: Up to 6 months post arrest
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 6 Aug 2026.
- Background: PubMed 21513547Michie S, van Stralen MM, West R. The behaviour change wheel: a new method for characterising and designing behaviour change interventions. Implement Sci. 2011 Apr 23;6:42. doi: 10.1186/1748-5908-6-42.
- Background: PubMed 34363855Elmer J, Weisgerber AR, Wallace DJ, Horne E, Stuart SA, Shutterly K, Callaway CW. Between-hospital variability in organ donation after resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation. 2021 Oct;167:372-379. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.07.038. Epub 2021 Aug 4.
- Background: PubMed 31654724Elmer J, Molyneaux BJ, Shutterly K, Stuart SA, Callaway CW, Darby JM, Weisgerber AR. Organ donation after resuscitation from cardiac arrest. Resuscitation. 2019 Dec;145:63-69. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2019.10.013. Epub 2019 Oct 22.
- Background: PubMed 20954780Imai K, Keele L, Tingley D. A general approach to causal mediation analysis. Psychol Methods. 2010 Dec;15(4):309-34. doi: 10.1037/a0020761.
- Background: PubMed 25000145VanderWeele TJ. A unification of mediation and interaction: a 4-way decomposition. Epidemiology. 2014 Sep;25(5):749-61. doi: 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000121.
- Background: PubMed 20479643VanderWeele TJ. Bias formulas for sensitivity analysis for direct and indirect effects. Epidemiology. 2010 Jul;21(4):540-51. doi: 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181df191c.
- Background: PubMed 28130319VanderWeele TJ. Commentary: On Causes, Causal Inference, and Potential Outcomes. Int J Epidemiol. 2016 Dec 1;45(6):1809-1816. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyw230. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 3806354Baron RM, Kenny DA. The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1986 Dec;51(6):1173-82. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.51.6.1173.
- Background: PubMed 24755011Kahan BC, Jairath V, Dore CJ, Morris TP. The risks and rewards of covariate adjustment in randomized trials: an assessment of 12 outcomes from 8 studies. Trials. 2014 Apr 23;15:139. doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-15-139.
- Background: PubMed 32531403Elmer J, Coppler PJ, May TL, Hirsch K, Faro J, Solanki P, Brown M, Puyana JS, Rittenberger JC, Callaway CW. Unsupervised learning of early post-arrest brain injury phenotypes. Resuscitation. 2020 Aug;153:154-160. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.05.051. Epub 2020 Jun 9.
- Background: PubMed 20071070Callaway CW, Schmicker R, Kampmeyer M, Powell J, Rea TD, Daya MR, Aufderheide TP, Davis DP, Rittenberger JC, Idris AH, Nichol G; Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium (ROC) Investigators. Receiving hospital characteristics associated with survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation. 2010 May;81(5):524-9. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2009.12.006. Epub 2010 Jan 13.
- Background: PubMed 29694815Campbell BCV, Mitchell PJ, Churilov L, Yassi N, Kleinig TJ, Dowling RJ, Yan B, Bush SJ, Dewey HM, Thijs V, Scroop R, Simpson M, Brooks M, Asadi H, Wu TY, Shah DG, Wijeratne T, Ang T, Miteff F, Levi CR, Rodrigues E, Zhao H, Salvaris P, Garcia-Esperon C, Bailey P, Rice H, de Villiers L, Brown H, Redmond K, Leggett D, Fink JN, Collecutt W, Wong AA, Muller C, Coulthard A, Mitchell K, Clouston J, Mahady K, Field D, Ma H, Phan TG, Chong W, Chandra RV, Slater LA, Krause M, Harrington TJ, Faulder KC, Steinfort BS, Bladin CF, Sharma G, Desmond PM, Parsons MW, Donnan GA, Davis SM; EXTEND-IA TNK Investigators. Tenecteplase versus Alteplase before Thrombectomy for Ischemic Stroke. N Engl J Med. 2018 Apr 26;378(17):1573-1582. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1716405.
- Resuscitation Standards for Hospitals - R3 Report. The Joint Commission, 2022. (Accessed Nov 10, 2022Link provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. Deidentified data may be shared in the future with investigators at other institutions. The local investigators will execute data use agreements with outside investigators and institutions prior to sharing any data. Identifiable data will not be shared.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Jonathan Elmer, MD, MS principal investigator
University of Pittsburgh
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Transfer to specialty care in people with Cardiac Arrest (CA) and Heart Arrest, run by University of Pittsburgh at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 Aug 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Sara DiFiore-Sprouse (4128642284, difioresm@upmc.edu), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Modified Rankin Scale (time frame: 90 Days post arrest). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07002294, which also lists 65 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 Aug 2026.