Dual TaskDual TaskNCT07120074
Dual-Task Exercise Effects on Balance and Cognition by Physical Performance Level
A study testing Exercise in people with Dual Task and Physical Activity Levels, run by Bahçeşehir University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This study aims to investigate the effects of dual-task exercises on balance and cognitive function in individuals with varying levels of physical performance. Dual-task training, which involves performing cognitive and motor activities simultaneously, has been shown to improve functional mobility, especially in older… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 20 to 50 monthsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Dual Task, Physical Activity Levels
- What is being tested?
- Exercise
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 52 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 3 Aug 2025to 18 Nov 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 20 to 50 months
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child
Who may be able to join
- Aged between 20 and 50 years Adequate cognitive function to understand instructions and participate in the study Willingness and ability to participate regularly in the exercise program Ability to comprehend and follow the study procedures
Who cannot join
- Diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis Diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) Diagnosed with Parkinson's disease Diagnosed with multiple sclerosis History of stroke Diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease or other dementias Diagnosed with scoliosis causing physical limitation History of lower limb fractures Presence of foot or ankle tendonitis Diagnosed with color blindness or legal blindness History of major surgery (e.g., orthopedic, spinal, abdominal) within the past 6 months Irregular attendance or non-compliance with the exercise protocol
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
SÜDAYE ÜNAL contact
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Bahcesehir University
Istanbul, MALTEPE, 34844
TULIN UNAL, +90 506 368 9951, tulin409@hotmail.com
About this study
Official title: The Effects Of Dual-Task Exercises On Balance And Cognitive Function In Individuals With Different Physical Performance Levels
This study aims to investigate the effects of dual-task exercises on balance and cognitive function in individuals with varying levels of physical performance. Dual-task training, which involves performing cognitive and motor activities simultaneously, has been shown to improve functional mobility, especially in older adults and patients with neurological conditions. However, limited data exist on how these effects differ among individuals with different physical capacities. The findings of this study will contribute to understanding the therapeutic value of dual-task exercises in promoting both physical and cognitive health.
Read the detailed description
Physical activity is a fundamental element of a healthy lifestyle, playing a critical role in improving overall health and enhancing long-term quality of life. Defined as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure, physical activity encompasses a broad range of behaviors, including household chores, leisure-time sports, school physical education, and structured exercise. Exercise, a subset of physical activity, refers to planned, repetitive, and purposeful movement aimed at improving physical fitness. The frequency, intensity, and duration of activity are key factors in its classification and effectiveness. Physical activities can also be categorized by context-such as those occurring during work, sleep, or leisure time-with leisure-time activities further divided into exercise, sports, domestic chores, and other tasks.
Daily life often requires performing multiple tasks at the same time, placing simultaneous demands on both motor and cognitive functions. Dual-task training, which evaluates the ability to perform cognitive and motor activities concurrently, is gaining increasing attention. In recent years, shifts in occupational and lifestyle demands-driven by technological advancement-have led to increased reliance on cognitive skills, underscoring the importance of dual-task capacity in modern life.
Research has shown that performing simultaneous tasks can challenge attentional resources, particularly when cognitive and motor demands are high. This can lead to decreased performance, a phenomenon referred to as dual-task interference. Such interference is influenced by multiple factors, including task difficulty, attentional demands, task prioritization, and individual characteristics like age, fear of falling, and cognitive or motor abilities.
Balance control depends on the integration of visual, vestibular, and somatosensory inputs, alongside neuromuscular feedback. It is fundamental to the performance of voluntary motor actions and is affected by environmental context and task specificity.
The literature demonstrates that dual-task training has been effective in older adults, improving functions such as gait, balance, and reducing fall risk. Studies involving patients with neurological conditions (e.g., Parkinson's disease) also highlight improvements in motor and cognitive performance following dual-task interventions. These gains have been associated with greater autonomy in activities of daily living.
Despite these promising outcomes, few studies have examined the effects of dual-task training across populations with different physical performance levels. Our study aims to address this gap by evaluating how individuals with varying physical capacities respond to dual-task exercise programs in terms of balance and cognitive function. The overarching goal is to contribute to evidence supporting the integration of dual-task interventions into broader health promotion and rehabilitation strategies targeting both physical and mental well-being.
- Conditions
- Dual Task, Physical Activity Levels
- Being tested
- Exercise
- Keywords
- dual task, denge
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
ExerciseOther
A low-activity exercise group, and highly active dual-task exercise group determined based on physical performance level, was subjected to 6 weeks of dual-task exercises aimed at improving balance and cognitive function. Dual-task refers to performing two different tasks simultaneously. In the first week, tasks included generating 3- and 4-letter words while standing in a tandem position, reciting the months and seasons in order while shifting weight forward and backward on a balance board, and performing addition and subtraction tasks while walking. The difficulty level of the tasks was increased each week.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Highly active dual-task exercise group | Active comparator | Dual-task exercises involve the simultaneous performance of a motor task (e.g., walking, balancing, carrying an object) and a cognitive task (e.g., counting, word recall, attention tasks). These exercises simulate real-life situations that require multitasking and aim to improve motor-cognitive integration. They have been shown to be effective in enhancing balance, gait, and cognitive functions, particularly in older adults, individuals with neurological disorders, and those at risk of falling.Based on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form (IPAQ-SF) scores, participants were categorized into two groups: highly active and less active. Both groups underwent the same dual-task exercise protocol. Receives: Other: Exercise |
| Low-activity dual-task exercise group | Active comparator | Dual-task exercises involve the simultaneous performance of a motor task (e.g., walking, balancing, carrying an object) and a cognitive task (e.g., counting, word recall, attention tasks). These exercises simulate real-life situations that require multitasking and aim to improve motor-cognitive integration. They have been shown to be effective in enhancing balance, gait, and cognitive functions, particularly in older adults, individuals with neurological disorders, and those at risk of falling. Based on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form (IPAQ-SF) scores, participants were categorized into two groups: highly active and less active. Both groups underwent the same dual-task exercise protocol. Receives: Other: Exercise |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Single-Leg Stance Test
First, the participant will be asked which foot they prefer to stand on or which foot makes them feel more stable. Then, they will be instructed to distribute their weight evenly on both feet and, while maintaining this position, lift one foot off the ground. The timer will start as soon as the participant lifts their foot. The timer will be stopped if any signs of balance disturbance occur, such as the lifted foot making contact with the ground, the standing foot jumping, or the participant needing to support themselves in order to maintain balance. The longer an individual is able to maintain a single-leg stance, the better their static balance is considered to be.
Measured: At baseline and after 6 weeks
Y Balance Test
The Y-Balance Test (YBT) is a widely used, valid, and reliable tool for assessing dynamic balance. In this test, the participant stands on one leg and reaches in specific directions (anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral) with the opposite leg. In this study, only the anterior reach direction was assessed.
Participants performed three practice trials for familiarization, followed by three recorded trials. During the test, the participant stood barefoot on a flat surface, maintaining balance on one leg. With the contralateral leg, they reached forward as far as possible and returned to the starting position without losing balance. The distance was measured from the tip of the big toe of the stance foot to the point where the toes of the reaching foot touched the ground. The longest distance achieved among the trials was used for statistical analysis.
Greater reach distances were interpreted as better dynamic balance performance.
Measured: At baseline and after 6 weeks exercise program
Stroop Test
The aim of the Stroop test is to evaluate the person's speed of processing information, especially simple and complex attention, inhibition ability, ability to be resistant to interference. The test to be used in our study includes 3 steps: In the first step, the person is asked to say the colours of the boxes in the form, in the second step to read the words in the form quickly, and in the last step to say the colours of the words. The time taken to complete each step is noted. The time difference between steps 2 and 3, the error made and the self-correction scores are recorded.
Measured: At baseline and after 6 weeks exercise program
Secondary outcomes (1)
Health-Related Quality of Life assessed by the SF-36 Questionnaire
The SF-36 questionnaire is a quality of life questionnaire that includes 36 questions divided into 8 different categories (physical functioning, limitations due to physical condition, physical pain, perceived health, vitality, social functioning or well-being, limitations due to mental condition, mental health). These 8 dimensions are used to calculate two scores on the quality of life of individuals: the physical composite score and the mental composite score. The higher the score, the greater the capacity. It is self-administered and takes less than 10 minutes. Higher scores indicate better quality of life
Measured: At baseline and after 6 weeks exercise program
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted13 Aug 2025
- Study start3 Aug 2025 (estimated)
- Primary completion4 Oct 2025 (estimated)
- Study completion18 Nov 2025 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Dual TaskStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Participants aged between 20 and 50 years were divided into two groups based on their physical performance levels. Both groups performed dual-task exercises.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 52 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Bahçeşehir University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Tulin Unal, Bahçeşehir University
- Investigators
- tulin unal, Principal investigator, bağlantısız
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07120074
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- -78097791-020-4138
- Other IDs
- Bahcesehir University
- Acronym
- Dual Task
- Status last verified
- Aug 2025
- First submitted
- 20 Jul 2025
- Last updated
- 13 Aug 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: Anonymized demographic information of participants (e.g., age, gender, educational status) Balance assessment scores before and after dual-task exercises Cognitive function assessment results (Stroop test) Quality of life evaluation results (SF-36)
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 13 Aug 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effects Of Dual-Task Exercises On Balance And Cognitive Function In Individuals With Different Physical Performance Levels
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07120074
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Dual Task / -78097791-020-4138
- Conditions
- Dual Task, Physical Activity Levels
- Keywords
- dual task, denge
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 52 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Bahçeşehir UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 3 Aug 2025 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 4 Oct 2025 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 18 Nov 2025 (estimated)
- First posted
- 13 Aug 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study aims to investigate the effects of dual-task exercises on balance and cognitive function in individuals with varying levels of physical performance. Dual-task training, which involves performing cognitive and motor activities simultaneously, has been shown to improve functional mobility, especially in older adults and patients with neurological conditions. However, limited data exist on how these effects differ among individuals with different physical capacities. The findings of this study will contribute to understanding the therapeutic value of dual-task exercises in promoting both physical and cognitive health.
Detailed description
Physical activity is a fundamental element of a healthy lifestyle, playing a critical role in improving overall health and enhancing long-term quality of life. Defined as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure, physical activity encompasses a broad range of behaviors, including household chores, leisure-time sports, school physical education, and structured exercise. Exercise, a subset of physical activity, refers to planned, repetitive, and purposeful movement aimed at improving physical fitness. The frequency, intensity, and duration of activity are key factors in its classification and effectiveness. Physical activities can also be categorized by context-such as those occurring during work, sleep, or leisure time-with leisure-time activities further divided into exercise, sports, domestic chores, and other tasks.
Daily life often requires performing multiple tasks at the same time, placing simultaneous demands on both motor and cognitive functions. Dual-task training, which evaluates the ability to perform cognitive and motor activities concurrently, is gaining increasing attention. In recent years, shifts in occupational and lifestyle demands-driven by technological advancement-have led to increased reliance on cognitive skills, underscoring the importance of dual-task capacity in modern life.
Research has shown that performing simultaneous tasks can challenge attentional resources, particularly when cognitive and motor demands are high. This can lead to decreased performance, a phenomenon referred to as dual-task interference. Such interference is influenced by multiple factors, including task difficulty, attentional demands, task prioritization, and individual characteristics like age, fear of falling, and cognitive or motor abilities.
Balance control depends on the integration of visual, vestibular, and somatosensory inputs, alongside neuromuscular feedback. It is fundamental to the performance of voluntary motor actions and is affected by environmental context and task specificity.
The literature demonstrates that dual-task training has been effective in older adults, improving functions such as gait, balance, and reducing fall risk. Studies involving patients with neurological conditions (e.g., Parkinson's disease) also highlight improvements in motor and cognitive performance following dual-task interventions. These gains have been associated with greater autonomy in activities of daily living.
Despite these promising outcomes, few studies have examined the effects of dual-task training across populations with different physical performance levels. Our study aims to address this gap by evaluating how individuals with varying physical capacities respond to dual-task exercise programs in terms of balance and cognitive function. The overarching goal is to contribute to evidence supporting the integration of dual-task interventions into broader health promotion and rehabilitation strategies targeting both physical and mental well-being.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Participants aged between 20 and 50 years were divided into two groups based on their physical performance levels. Both groups performed dual-task exercises.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Highly active dual-task exercise group | Active comparator | Other: ExerciseDual-task exercises involve the simultaneous performance of a motor task (e.g., walking, balancing, carrying an object) and a cognitive task (e.g., counting, word recall, attention tasks). These exercises simulate real-life situations that require multitasking and aim to improve motor-cognitive integration. They have been shown to be effective in enhancing balance, gait, and cognitive functions, particularly in older adults, individuals with neurological disorders, and those at risk of falling.Based on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form (IPAQ-SF) scores, participants were categorized into two groups: highly active and less active. Both groups underwent the same dual-task exercise protocol. |
| Low-activity dual-task exercise group | Active comparator | Other: ExerciseDual-task exercises involve the simultaneous performance of a motor task (e.g., walking, balancing, carrying an object) and a cognitive task (e.g., counting, word recall, attention tasks). These exercises simulate real-life situations that require multitasking and aim to improve motor-cognitive integration. They have been shown to be effective in enhancing balance, gait, and cognitive functions, particularly in older adults, individuals with neurological disorders, and those at risk of falling. Based on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form (IPAQ-SF) scores, participants were categorized into two groups: highly active and less active. Both groups underwent the same dual-task exercise protocol. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 20 to 50 months
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Aged between 20 and 50 years Adequate cognitive function to understand instructions and participate in the study Willingness and ability to participate regularly in the exercise program Ability to comprehend and follow the study procedures
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis Diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) Diagnosed with Parkinson's disease Diagnosed with multiple sclerosis History of stroke Diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease or other dementias Diagnosed with scoliosis causing physical limitation History of lower limb fractures Presence of foot or ankle tendonitis Diagnosed with color blindness or legal blindness History of major surgery (e.g., orthopedic, spinal, abdominal) within the past 6 months Irregular attendance or non-compliance with the exercise protocol
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| ExerciseA low-activity exercise group, and highly active dual-task exercise group determined based on physical performance level, was subjected to 6 weeks of dual-task exercises aimed at improving balance and cognitive function. Dual-task refers to performing two different tasks simultaneously. In the first week, tasks included generating 3- and 4-letter words while standing in a tandem position, reciting the months and seasons in order while shifting weight forward and backward on a balance board, and performing addition and subtraction tasks while walking. The difficulty level of the tasks was increased each week. | Other | Highly active dual-task exercise group, Low-activity dual-task exercise group |
Primary outcome
Single-Leg Stance Test
Time frame: At baseline and after 6 weeks
First, the participant will be asked which foot they prefer to stand on or which foot makes them feel more stable. Then, they will be instructed to distribute their weight evenly on both feet and, while maintaining this position, lift one foot off the ground. The timer will start as soon as the participant lifts their foot. The timer will be stopped if any signs of balance disturbance occur, such as the lifted foot making contact with the ground, the standing foot jumping, or the participant needing to support themselves in order to maintain balance. The longer an individual is able to maintain a single-leg stance, the better their static balance is considered to be.
Y Balance Test
Time frame: At baseline and after 6 weeks exercise program
The Y-Balance Test (YBT) is a widely used, valid, and reliable tool for assessing dynamic balance. In this test, the participant stands on one leg and reaches in specific directions (anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral) with the opposite leg. In this study, only the anterior reach direction was assessed. Participants performed three practice trials for familiarization, followed by three recorded trials. During the test, the participant stood barefoot on a flat surface, maintaining balance on one leg. With the contralateral leg, they reached forward as far as possible and returned to the starting position without losing balance. The distance was measured from the tip of the big toe of the stance foot to the point where the toes of the reaching foot touched the ground. The longest distance achieved among the trials was used for statistical analysis. Greater reach distances were interpreted as better dynamic balance performance.
Stroop Test
Time frame: At baseline and after 6 weeks exercise program
The aim of the Stroop test is to evaluate the person's speed of processing information, especially simple and complex attention, inhibition ability, ability to be resistant to interference. The test to be used in our study includes 3 steps: In the first step, the person is asked to say the colours of the boxes in the form, in the second step to read the words in the form quickly, and in the last step to say the colours of the words. The time taken to complete each step is noted. The time difference between steps 2 and 3, the error made and the self-correction scores are recorded.
1 secondary outcome
Health-Related Quality of Life assessed by the SF-36 Questionnaire
Time frame: At baseline and after 6 weeks exercise program
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 13 Aug 2025.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. Anonymized demographic information of participants (e.g., age, gender, educational status) Balance assessment scores before and after dual-task exercises Cognitive function assessment results (Stroop test) Quality of life evaluation results (SF-36)
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
SÜDAYE ÜNAL contact
tulin unal principal investigator
bağlantısız
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Exercise in people with Dual Task and Physical Activity Levels, run by Bahçeşehir University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 13 Aug 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact TÜLİN ÜNAL (+90 5063689951, tulin409@hotmail.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Single-Leg Stance Test (time frame: At baseline and after 6 weeks). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 13 Aug 2025.