AdolescentNCT07161934
Guided Imagery Training for Shooting Accuracy and Mental Skills in Adolescent Football Players
A study testing Guided Imagery Training and Standard Football Training in people with Adolescent and Soccer Performance, run by Merve Burcu Güler at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This study is designed to examine whether guided imagery training can improve football shooting performance and psychological skills in young athletes. Thirty-two male players aged 12-14 years will be randomly assigned to an imagery training group or a control group. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 12 to 14 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Adolescent, Soccer Performance, Psychological Phenomena and Processes
- What is being tested?
- Guided Imagery Training and Standard Football Training
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 32 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Feb 2020to 30 May 2020
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 12 to 14 years
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child
Who may be able to join
- Male adolescent football players
- Age between 12 and 14 years
- Licensed players of Yozgat Municipality Bozok Sports Club
- Regular attendance at training sessions
- Written informed consent obtained from both player and parent/guardian
Who cannot join
- Withdrawal of consent at any time
- Health problems arising during the intervention that prevent participation
- Irregular or insufficient attendance at training sessions
- Female athletes (not available in this age category at the club)
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Yozgat Municipality Bozok Sports Club
Yozgat, Konya, 66100
About this study
Official title: A Randomized Controlled Trial on the Effects of Guided Imagery Training on Shooting Accuracy and Psychological Skills in Adolescent Football Players
This study is designed to examine whether guided imagery training can improve football shooting performance and psychological skills in young athletes. Thirty-two male players aged 12-14 years will be randomly assigned to an imagery training group or a control group. The imagery group will receive guided mental training sessions after each regular football practice for 12 weeks, while the control group will participate only in standard training. The primary outcome will be shooting accuracy at 10 and 15 meters, and the secondary outcome will be imagery ability assessed with a validated questionnaire.
Read the detailed description
The purpose of this randomized controlled trial is to evaluate the effects of a structured guided imagery program on shooting accuracy and sport-specific psychological abilities in adolescent football players. A total of 32 licensed male players, aged between 12 and 14 years, will be recruited from a local sports club and randomly assigned to one of two groups.
The intervention group will receive guided imagery sessions of 15 minutes following each of their three weekly football practices, over a total period of 12 weeks (36 sessions). These sessions will include relaxation, visualization of technical movements, and reinforcement of confidence and motivation. The control group will continue with standard technical training and will participate in short team meetings to match the contact time.
The primary outcome will be shooting accuracy, evaluated with a standardized shooting accuracy test at distances of 10 and 15 meters. The secondary outcome will be imagery ability, measured using the Sport Imagery Questionnaire for Children (SIQ-C).
The study design is a single-center, parallel-group randomized controlled trial. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institute of Social Sciences Ethics Committee at Çağ University (Approval No. 350-50, January 10, 2020). All participants and their parents will provide written informed consent before the trial.
- Conditions
- Adolescent, Soccer Performance, Psychological Phenomena and Processes, Imagery, Psychotherapy
- Being tested
- Guided Imagery Training, Standard Football Training
- Keywords
- Guided Imagery, Mental Training, Shooting Accuracy, Sport Imagery, Psychological Skills, Youth Athletes, Football (Soccer), Performance
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Guided Imagery TrainingBehavioural
Also called Mental Imagery, Sport Imagery
Participants received guided imagery sessions of 15 minutes after each football training, three times per week for 12 weeks (36 sessions). Sessions included relaxation, visualization of technical movements, and reinforcement of motivation and confidence.
Standard Football TrainingBehavioural
Also called Technical Training Only
Participants received only regular football training three times per week for 12 weeks (36 sessions). Each session lasted 60 minutes and focused on technical skills. To match contact time, a 15-minute team evaluation meeting was held after each practice.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Guided Imagery Training | Experimental | Participants in this arm received guided imagery training in addition to their standard football practice. After each 60-minute technical training session, a 15-minute guided imagery session was conducted, three times per week for 12 weeks (36 sessions total). The program included relaxation, visualization of technical movements, and reinforcement of confidence and motivation. Receives: Behavioral: Guided Imagery Training |
| Standard Football Training | Active comparator | Participants in this arm received only standard football training, three times per week for 12 weeks (36 sessions total). To balance contact time, they attended 15-minute team evaluation meetings after each training session, but no imagery training was provided. Receives: Behavioral: Standard Football Training |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Shooting Accuracy Test (10 m and 15 m)
Change in football shooting accuracy measured with a standardized Shooting Accuracy Test at baseline and after 12 weeks. Players performed 10 shots with their dominant foot at distances of 10 m and 15 m, and the number of successful hits was recorded. Higher values indicate better shooting accuracy.
Measured: Baseline and 12 weeks (post-intervention).
Secondary outcomes (1)
Sport Imagery Questionnaire for Children (SIQ-C) Total and Subscale Scores
Change in total score and subscales (Specific Cognitive-Motivational, General Cognitive, and General Motivational-Mastery) of the Sport Imagery Questionnaire for Children (SIQ-C), a validated 21-item self-report questionnaire assessing imagery ability in children and adolescents. Each item is rated on a Likert scale from 1 to 5, resulting in total scores ranging from 21 to 105. Higher scores indicate greater imagery ability.
Measured: Baseline and 12 weeks (post-intervention).
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted9 Sep 2025
- Study start1 Feb 2020
- Primary completion30 May 2020
- Study completion30 May 2020
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for AdolescentStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the intervention group or the control group. The intervention group received guided imagery training in addition to standard football practice, while the control group received standard football training only. Both groups trained in parallel over a 12-week period, with outcomes assessed before and after the intervention.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 32 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Merve Burcu Güler
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Merve Burcu Güler, Selcuk University
- Investigators
- Merve Burcu Güler, MSc in Psychology, Principal investigator, Selcuk University, Vocational School of Health ServicesAyşe Avcı, PhD, Study director, Çağ University, Institute of Social SciencesHayrettin Gümüşdağ, PhD, Study chair, Yozgat Bozok University, Faculty of Sport Sciences
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07161934
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- IMAGERY-FOOTBALL-2020
- Other IDs
- 350-50
- Status last verified
- Sep 2025
- First submitted
- 2 Sep 2025
- Last updated
- 9 Sep 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: De-identified data will be available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request after publication.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 9 Sep 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Randomized Controlled Trial on the Effects of Guided Imagery Training on Shooting Accuracy and Psychological Skills in Adolescent Football Players
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07161934
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- IMAGERY-FOOTBALL-2020
- Conditions
- Adolescent, Soccer Performance, Psychological Phenomena and Processes, Imagery, Psychotherapy
- Keywords
- Guided Imagery, Mental Training, Shooting Accuracy, Sport Imagery, Psychological Skills, Youth Athletes, Football (Soccer), Performance
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 32 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Merve Burcu GülerUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Feb 2020 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 May 2020 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 May 2020 (actual)
- First posted
- 9 Sep 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study is designed to examine whether guided imagery training can improve football shooting performance and psychological skills in young athletes. Thirty-two male players aged 12-14 years will be randomly assigned to an imagery training group or a control group. The imagery group will receive guided mental training sessions after each regular football practice for 12 weeks, while the control group will participate only in standard training. The primary outcome will be shooting accuracy at 10 and 15 meters, and the secondary outcome will be imagery ability assessed with a validated questionnaire.
Detailed description
The purpose of this randomized controlled trial is to evaluate the effects of a structured guided imagery program on shooting accuracy and sport-specific psychological abilities in adolescent football players. A total of 32 licensed male players, aged between 12 and 14 years, will be recruited from a local sports club and randomly assigned to one of two groups.
The intervention group will receive guided imagery sessions of 15 minutes following each of their three weekly football practices, over a total period of 12 weeks (36 sessions). These sessions will include relaxation, visualization of technical movements, and reinforcement of confidence and motivation. The control group will continue with standard technical training and will participate in short team meetings to match the contact time.
The primary outcome will be shooting accuracy, evaluated with a standardized shooting accuracy test at distances of 10 and 15 meters. The secondary outcome will be imagery ability, measured using the Sport Imagery Questionnaire for Children (SIQ-C).
The study design is a single-center, parallel-group randomized controlled trial. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institute of Social Sciences Ethics Committee at Çağ University (Approval No. 350-50, January 10, 2020). All participants and their parents will provide written informed consent before the trial.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the intervention group or the control group. The intervention group received guided imagery training in addition to standard football practice, while the control group received standard football training only. Both groups trained in parallel over a 12-week period, with outcomes assessed before and after the intervention.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Guided Imagery Training | Experimental | Behavioral: Guided Imagery TrainingParticipants in this arm received guided imagery training in addition to their standard football practice. After each 60-minute technical training session, a 15-minute guided imagery session was conducted, three times per week for 12 weeks (36 sessions total). The program included relaxation, visualization of technical movements, and reinforcement of confidence and motivation. |
| Standard Football Training | Active comparator | Behavioral: Standard Football TrainingParticipants in this arm received only standard football training, three times per week for 12 weeks (36 sessions total). To balance contact time, they attended 15-minute team evaluation meetings after each training session, but no imagery training was provided. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 12 to 14 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Male adolescent football players
- Age between 12 and 14 years
- Licensed players of Yozgat Municipality Bozok Sports Club
- Regular attendance at training sessions
- Written informed consent obtained from both player and parent/guardian
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Withdrawal of consent at any time
- Health problems arising during the intervention that prevent participation
- Irregular or insufficient attendance at training sessions
- Female athletes (not available in this age category at the club)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Guided Imagery TrainingAlso: Mental Imagery, Sport ImageryParticipants received guided imagery sessions of 15 minutes after each football training, three times per week for 12 weeks (36 sessions). Sessions included relaxation, visualization of technical movements, and reinforcement of motivation and confidence. | Behavioural | Guided Imagery Training |
| Standard Football TrainingAlso: Technical Training OnlyParticipants received only regular football training three times per week for 12 weeks (36 sessions). Each session lasted 60 minutes and focused on technical skills. To match contact time, a 15-minute team evaluation meeting was held after each practice. | Behavioural | Standard Football Training |
Primary outcome
Shooting Accuracy Test (10 m and 15 m)
Time frame: Baseline and 12 weeks (post-intervention).
Change in football shooting accuracy measured with a standardized Shooting Accuracy Test at baseline and after 12 weeks. Players performed 10 shots with their dominant foot at distances of 10 m and 15 m, and the number of successful hits was recorded. Higher values indicate better shooting accuracy.
1 secondary outcome
Sport Imagery Questionnaire for Children (SIQ-C) Total and Subscale Scores
Time frame: Baseline and 12 weeks (post-intervention).
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 9 Sep 2025.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. De-identified data will be available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request after publication.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Merve Burcu Güler, MSc in Psychology principal investigator
Selcuk University, Vocational School of Health Services
Ayşe Avcı, PhD study director
Çağ University, Institute of Social Sciences
Hayrettin Gümüşdağ, PhD study chair
Yozgat Bozok University, Faculty of Sport Sciences
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Guided Imagery Training and Standard Football Training in people with Adolescent and Soccer Performance, run by Merve Burcu Güler at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 9 Sep 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Shooting Accuracy Test (10 m and 15 m) (time frame: Baseline and 12 weeks (post-intervention).). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 9 Sep 2025.