PARKINSON DISEASE (Disorder)pwPDNCT07180004
Upper Extremity Functional Skills in Patients With Parkinson Disease (pwPD)
An observational study of PARKINSON DISEASE (Disorder) and Upper Extremity, run by Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University at 2 sites in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, characterized pathologically by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and clinically by the presence of motor symptoms such as bradykinesia, resting tremor, and/or rigidity.Patients with Parkinson's disease… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 40 to 75 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- PARKINSON DISEASE (Disorder), Upper Extremity, Muscle Strength Development
- How many people
- 70 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Jan 2025to 15 Dec 2025
- How long will I take part?
- 1 Day
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 40 to 75 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: Patients aged between 40 and 75 years (n=40±5) who applied to the Neurology Clinic of the Faculty of Medicine of the University Hospital, diagnosed with Idiopathic Parkinson's disease by a neurologist, having stage ≤4 on the Modified Hoehn\&Yahr (m-HY) scale, and having scores of ≥22 in the educated and ≥18 in the uneducated according to the Mini Mental State Examination, and healthy individuals of a similar age group (n=30±5)
Who may be able to join
- Healthy individuals aged 40-75 years, diagnosed with idiopathic PD according to the UK Parkinson's Disease Association Brain Bank criteria by a specialist neurologist, with a Modified Hoehn \& Yahr (m-HY) scale stage ≤4, and with a Mini Mental State Examination score of ≥22 for those with training and ≥18 for those without training, and with no known disease, volunteered to participate in the study.
- Individuals with no other known neurological and/or systemic disease
- Individuals without any upper extremity contractures
Who cannot join
- Individuals with diagnosed and/or treated psychiatric illnesses who are considered unable to complete the tests.
- Those taking neuroleptic medications or antidepressants.
- Individuals with orthopedic conditions that interfere with manual dexterity tests, such as severe dyskinesia, carpal tunnel syndrome, tendon injuries, or finger amputations; rheumatological conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis; and individuals with any neurological condition other than PD.
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)2 sites
Kahramanmaraş Sütçü imam University
Kahramanmaraş, onikişubat, 46100
Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University
Kahramanmaraş, Onikişubat, 46100
About this study
Official title: Relationship Between Proximal and Distal Muscle Strength and Upper Extremity Functional Skills in Patients With Parkinson Disease (pwPD)
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, characterized pathologically by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and clinically by the presence of motor symptoms such as bradykinesia, resting tremor, and/or rigidity.Patients with Parkinson's disease (pwPD) often exhibit poor manual dexterity and decreased strength. Fine motor deficits seen in PD include an inability to control cognitive power/force, poor manual dexterity, and motor dysfunction, which includes difficulties achieving the angles, speed, and coordination required for basic movements. Anatomical strength, as detailed in activities of daily living (ADL), is an important indicator of motor characteristics and vitality.Studies have shown a strong relationship between postural control and fine motor functions. For high-quality distal movement, better proximal stabilization is necessary. During upper extremity functions, the body's center of gravity must shift with arm movements, allowing adaptation to changing gravity. Good trunk control is essential in this dynamic process of maintaining balance. Studies examining this link between trunk control, balance, and hand functions are available in the literature. Among these studies conducted in diverse populations, studies involving PD are very few. Investigating parameters such as grip strength, upper extremity dexterity, and reaction time in PD will fill the gap in the literature. Meta-analysis studies have shown that muscle strength and strength in individuals with PD are lower than in healthy individuals. Furthermore, muscle strength in PD has been shown to be related to functional capacity and disease severity. In light of all this information, our study was designed to investigate the relationship between upper body muscle strength, particularly proximal and distal, and manual dexterity in PD. In this direction, the aim of this study is to determine the relationship between proximal and distal muscle strength and upper extremity functional abilities in PD.
- Conditions
- PARKINSON DISEASE (Disorder), Upper Extremity, Muscle Strength Development, Functional Skills
- Medical subject headings
- Parkinson Disease
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| 1/study group | Individuals between the ages of 40 and 75 diagnosed with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (n=40) | |
| 2/control group | Healthy individuals between the ages of 40-75 (n=30) |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Muscle Strength Measurement
The isometric strength measurement will be performed using a digital muscle strength measurement device (KFORCE KINVENT) for the bilateral serratus anterior, upper trapezius, latissimus dorsi, deltoid, supraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis, and biceps brachii muscles of the upper extremity.
Measured: first day of assesment
Grip Strength Measurement
A Jamar hand dynamometer (Baseline®) and a PinchMeter (Baseline Mechanical Pinch Gauge with Case, Blue, 30 lb) will be used for grip strength measurement.The isometric strength measurement will be performed using a digital muscle strength measurement device (KFORCE KINVENT) for the bilateral serratus anterior, upper trapezius, latissimus dorsi, deltoid, supraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis, and biceps brachii muscles of the upper extremity.
Grip Strength Measurement: A Jamar hand dynamometer (Baseline®) and a PinchMeter (Baseline Mechanical Pinch Gauge with Case, Blue, 30 lb) will be used for grip strength measurement.
Measured: first day of assesment
The 9-Hole Peg Test (DDPT)
The 9-Hole Peg Test (DDPT) is a validated test for PD that measures manual dexterity in seconds based on performance. The test material consists of nine standard-sized small rods and a nine-hole platform. The test will be administered with the patient in a seated position. The patient will be asked to place nine rods in the round compartment of the box as quickly as possible into the holes of the box, starting from the edge farthest from the compartment. Once completed, immediately remove them from the compartment, starting from the edge closest to the compartment. The test will begin with the dominant hand, and the time will be measured with a stopwatch. The time will begin when the hand touches the rods and will end when the last rod is placed in the box. The same procedure will be applied to the other hand. In this study, the arithmetic average of the test times, repeated twice, will be recorded separately for each hand.
Measured: first day of assesment
Secondary outcomes (4)
Demographic Form
(Medical history (disease duration and symptoms), demographic information (age, height, weight, education level), habits, medications, level of dependency in mobility in daily life, use of assistive devices)
Measured: first day of assesment
Modified Hoehn & Yahr (m-HY) scale
PD disability will be assessed with the m-HY scale: stage 1.0 (unilateral involvement only); stage 1.5 (unilateral and axial involvement); stage 2.0 (bilateral involvement without balance impairment); stage 2.5 (mild bilateral disease with improvement in the pull test); stage 3.0 (mild to moderate bilateral disease; some postural impairment; physically independent); stage 4.0 (severe disability; still able to walk or stand unaided). Symptom severity in PD was graded using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS): part I (mental dysfunction and mood); part II (activities of daily living); part III (motor component); part IV (treatment-related complications)
Measured: first day of assesment
Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS)
Symptom severity in PD is rated using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). Several items on this scale assess upper extremity and hand function. The Activities of Daily Living section assesses handwriting, cutting food, and grasping utensils. The Motor section assesses finger tapping, hand movements, and rapid alternating hand movements. These test items are scored from 0 to 4, with 4 representing maximum impairment and 0 representing normal movement ability. The UPDRS is comprised of subsections: Section I (mental dysfunction and mood); Section II (activities of daily living); Section III (motor); and Section IV (treatment-related complications).
Measured: first day of assesment
Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE)
This test was developed by Folstein in 1975. Its Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted by Güngen et al. in 2002 (18). The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), which is quite suitable for screening cognitive function in the elderly and assesses cognitive functions in five separate areas (orientation, registration, attention and calculation, recall, and language), is frequently used. A score below 24 on the MMSE indicates dementia, 24-26 indicates mild cognitive impairment, and 26 or above indicates normal cognitive function.
Measured: first day of assesment
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted18 Sep 2025
- Study start1 Jan 2025
- Primary completion15 Dec 2025
- Study completion15 Dec 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for PARKINSON DISEASE (Disorder)Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Case-control
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 70 participants (actual)
- Target duration
- 1 Day
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Hatice Adiguzel, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University
- Investigators
- hatice adıgüzel tat, Associate Professor, Principal investigator, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07180004
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Parkinson
- Acronym
- pwPD
- Status last verified
- Dec 2025
- First submitted
- 4 Sep 2025
- Last updated
- 24 Dec 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 24 Dec 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Relationship Between Proximal and Distal Muscle Strength and Upper Extremity Functional Skills in Patients With Parkinson Disease (pwPD)
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07180004
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- pwPD / Parkinson
- Conditions
- PARKINSON DISEASE (Disorder), Upper Extremity, Muscle Strength Development, Functional Skills
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 70 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jan 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Dec 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 15 Dec 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 18 Sep 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, characterized pathologically by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and clinically by the presence of motor symptoms such as bradykinesia, resting tremor, and/or rigidity.Patients with Parkinson's disease (pwPD) often exhibit poor manual dexterity and decreased strength. Fine motor deficits seen in PD include an inability to control cognitive power/force, poor manual dexterity, and motor dysfunction, which includes difficulties achieving the angles, speed, and coordination required for basic movements. Anatomical strength, as detailed in activities of daily living (ADL), is an important indicator of motor characteristics and vitality.Studies have shown a strong relationship between postural control and fine motor functions. For high-quality distal movement, better proximal stabilization is necessary. During upper extremity functions, the body's center of gravity must shift with arm movements, allowing adaptation to changing gravity. Good trunk control is essential in this dynamic process of maintaining balance. Studies examining this link between trunk control, balance, and hand functions are available in the literature. Among these studies conducted in diverse populations, studies involving PD are very few. Investigating parameters such as grip strength, upper extremity dexterity, and reaction time in PD will fill the gap in the literature. Meta-analysis studies have shown that muscle strength and strength in individuals with PD are lower than in healthy individuals. Furthermore, muscle strength in PD has been shown to be related to functional capacity and disease severity. In light of all this information, our study was designed to investigate the relationship between upper body muscle strength, particularly proximal and distal, and manual dexterity in PD. In this direction, the aim of this study is to determine the relationship between proximal and distal muscle strength and upper extremity functional abilities in PD.
Study design
- Observational model
- Case-control
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Target follow-up
- 1 Day
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| 1/study group | – | –Individuals between the ages of 40 and 75 diagnosed with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (n=40) |
| 2/control group | – | –Healthy individuals between the ages of 40-75 (n=30) |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 40 to 75 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- Patients aged between 40 and 75 years (n=40±5) who applied to the Neurology Clinic of the Faculty of Medicine of the University Hospital, diagnosed with Idiopathic Parkinson's disease by a neurologist, having stage ≤4 on the Modified Hoehn\&Yahr (m-HY) scale, and having scores of ≥22 in the educated and ≥18 in the uneducated according to the Mini Mental State Examination, and healthy individuals of a similar age group (n=30±5)
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Healthy individuals aged 40-75 years, diagnosed with idiopathic PD according to the UK Parkinson's Disease Association Brain Bank criteria by a specialist neurologist, with a Modified Hoehn \& Yahr (m-HY) scale stage ≤4, and with a Mini Mental State Examination score of ≥22 for those with training and ≥18 for those without training, and with no known disease, volunteered to participate in the study.
- Individuals with no other known neurological and/or systemic disease
- Individuals without any upper extremity contractures
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Individuals with diagnosed and/or treated psychiatric illnesses who are considered unable to complete the tests.
- Those taking neuroleptic medications or antidepressants.
- Individuals with orthopedic conditions that interfere with manual dexterity tests, such as severe dyskinesia, carpal tunnel syndrome, tendon injuries, or finger amputations; rheumatological conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis; and individuals with any neurological condition other than PD.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
Muscle Strength Measurement
Time frame: first day of assesment
The isometric strength measurement will be performed using a digital muscle strength measurement device (KFORCE KINVENT) for the bilateral serratus anterior, upper trapezius, latissimus dorsi, deltoid, supraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis, and biceps brachii muscles of the upper extremity.
Grip Strength Measurement
Time frame: first day of assesment
A Jamar hand dynamometer (Baseline®) and a PinchMeter (Baseline Mechanical Pinch Gauge with Case, Blue, 30 lb) will be used for grip strength measurement.The isometric strength measurement will be performed using a digital muscle strength measurement device (KFORCE KINVENT) for the bilateral serratus anterior, upper trapezius, latissimus dorsi, deltoid, supraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis, and biceps brachii muscles of the upper extremity. Grip Strength Measurement: A Jamar hand dynamometer (Baseline®) and a PinchMeter (Baseline Mechanical Pinch Gauge with Case, Blue, 30 lb) will be used for grip strength measurement.
The 9-Hole Peg Test (DDPT)
Time frame: first day of assesment
The 9-Hole Peg Test (DDPT) is a validated test for PD that measures manual dexterity in seconds based on performance. The test material consists of nine standard-sized small rods and a nine-hole platform. The test will be administered with the patient in a seated position. The patient will be asked to place nine rods in the round compartment of the box as quickly as possible into the holes of the box, starting from the edge farthest from the compartment. Once completed, immediately remove them from the compartment, starting from the edge closest to the compartment. The test will begin with the dominant hand, and the time will be measured with a stopwatch. The time will begin when the hand touches the rods and will end when the last rod is placed in the box. The same procedure will be applied to the other hand. In this study, the arithmetic average of the test times, repeated twice, will be recorded separately for each hand.
4 secondary outcomes
Demographic Form
Time frame: first day of assesment
Modified Hoehn & Yahr (m-HY) scale
Time frame: first day of assesment
Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS)
Time frame: first day of assesment
Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE)
Time frame: first day of assesment
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 24 Dec 2025.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
hatice adıgüzel tat, Associate Professor principal investigator
Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of PARKINSON DISEASE (Disorder) and Upper Extremity, run by Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University at 2 sites in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 24 Dec 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Muscle Strength Measurement (time frame: first day of assesment). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 24 Dec 2025.