HealhtyNCT07180667
Warm-Up Effects on Adolescent Goalkeepers' Performance
A study testing Intervention 1: Aerobic Running (AR) Warm-Up, Intervention 2: Static Stretching (SS) Warm-Up and Intervention 3: Dynamic Stretching (DS) Warm-Up in people with Healhty and Adolescent, run by Uşak University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
The purpose of this study is to examine the acute effects of different warm-up protocols on performance outcomes in adolescent male football goalkeepers. Specifically, it investigates the impact of aerobic running, static stretching, dynamic stretching, and movement preparation on flexibility, explosive power, and… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 14 to 15 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Healhty, Adolescent, Football
- What is being tested?
- Intervention 1: Aerobic Running (AR) Warm-Up, Intervention 2: Static Stretching (SS) Warm-Up and Intervention 3: Dynamic Stretching (DS) Warm-Up
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 15 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Mar 2024to 1 Apr 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 14 to 15 years
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child
Who may be able to join
- Biologically male football goalkeepers
- Aged 14-15 years
- Actively competing in youth leagues
- Minimum training experience of approximately 3-4 years
- Free from chronic diseases or musculoskeletal injuries that could affect physical performance
- Maintain regular sleep and dietary routines during the study period
Who cannot join
- Current injuries
- Chronic health conditions
- Any physical limitations that could interfere with safe participation in warm-up protocols or performance testing
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Acute Effects of Different Warm-Up Protocols on Motor Performance in Adolescent Football Goalkeepers: A Randomised Crossover Study
The purpose of this study is to examine the acute effects of different warm-up protocols on performance outcomes in adolescent male football goalkeepers. Specifically, it investigates the impact of aerobic running, static stretching, dynamic stretching, and movement preparation on flexibility, explosive power, and dynamic balance.
Read the detailed description
This randomized crossover study examined the acute effects of four 15-minute warm-up protocols-Aerobic Running (AR), Static Stretching (SS), Dynamic Stretching (DS), and Movement Preparation (MP)-on flexibility, explosive lower-limb power, and dynamic balance in 15 adolescent male football goalkeepers. Participants were licensed youth goalkeepers with consistent sleep, diet, and training routines. Warm-up order was randomized and both participants and administrators were blinded to the condition. Flexibility, power, and balance were assessed using the sit-and-reach test, standing long jump, and Y Balance Test, respectively, with the best of three trials recorded. Heart rate was monitored to maintain internal load at 60-75% of age-predicted maximum. All sessions were supervised by a certified sports scientist, and anthropometric data were collected prior to testing. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained.
- Conditions
- Healhty, Adolescent, Football, Warm-up
- Being tested
- Intervention 1: Aerobic Running (AR) Warm-Up, Intervention 2: Static Stretching (SS) Warm-Up, Intervention 3: Dynamic Stretching (DS) Warm-Up, Intervention 4: Movement Preparation (MP) Warm-Up
- Keywords
- Warm-up protocols,, Youth goalkeepers, Motor performance, Dynamic stretching, Balance, Explosive strength
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Intervention 1: Aerobic Running (AR) Warm-UpBehavioural
15-minute aerobic running protocol. Heart rate maintained at 60-75% of age-predicted maximum (HRₘₐₓ). Includes 7 minutes light jogging followed by slight intensity increase.
Intervention 2: Static Stretching (SS) Warm-UpBehavioural
5 minutes light jogging followed by static stretches of six lower-limb muscles (gastrocnemius, quadriceps, hamstrings, hip flexors, adductors, gluteals). Each muscle stretched twice for 30 seconds, finishing with 3-4 minutes of light dynamic movements.
Intervention 3: Dynamic Stretching (DS) Warm-UpBehavioural
5 minutes light jogging followed by dynamic stretches targeting the same six muscle groups over 10-15 meters with brief rest between repetitions.
Intervention 4: Movement Preparation (MP) Warm-UpBehavioural
Description: Combination of light jogging, multi-joint mobility drills (e.g., lateral shuffles, inchworms), submaximal sprinting (80-90% max velocity), and low-intensity balance drills adapted from FIFA 11+ and HarmoKnee.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Arm 1: Aerobic Running Warm-Up (AR) | Experimental | Participants perform a 15-minute aerobic running protocol with heart rate maintained at 60-75% of age-predicted maximum (HRₘₐₓ). Includes 7 minutes of light jogging followed by slight intensity increase. Receives: Behavioral: Intervention 1: Aerobic Running (AR) Warm-Up |
| Arm 2: Static Stretching Warm-Up (SS) | Experimental | Participants perform 5 minutes of light jogging, followed by static stretches of six lower-limb muscle groups (gastrocnemius, quadriceps, hamstrings, hip flexors, adductors, gluteals). Each muscle stretched twice for 30 seconds. Finishes with 3-4 minutes of light dynamic movements. Receives: Behavioral: Intervention 2: Static Stretching (SS) Warm-Up |
| Arm 3: Dynamic Stretching Warm-Up (DS) | Experimental | Participants perform 5 minutes of light jogging, followed by dynamic stretches targeting the same six lower-limb muscle groups over 10-15 meters with short rest between repetitions. Receives: Behavioral: Intervention 3: Dynamic Stretching (DS) Warm-Up |
| Arm 4: Movement Preparation Warm-Up (MP) | Experimental | Participants perform a combination of light jogging, multi-joint mobility drills (e.g., lateral shuffles, inchworms), submaximal sprinting (80-90% maximum velocity), and low-intensity balance drills adapted from FIFA 11+ and HarmoKnee. Receives: Behavioral: Intervention 4: Movement Preparation (MP) Warm-Up |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Flexibility (Sit and Reach)
Flexibility of the posterior chain was assessed using the sit-and-reach test with a standardized measurement box. Participants performed three trials barefoot with knees fully extended, and the best score was recorded in centimeters.
Measured: Immediately post-intervention, after each warm-up session (4 sessions, separated by at least 48 hours).
Explosive Lower-Limb Power (Standing Long Jump)
Explosive horizontal power was measured by the standing long jump test. From a standing position, participants jumped bilaterally as far as possible. The distance was measured to the nearest cm from the starting line to the rearmost heel. Three maximal trials were performed with 2 minutes rest, and the best score was used.
Measured: Immediately post-intervention, after each warm-up session (4 sessions, separated by at least 48 hours).
Dynamic Balance (Y Balance Test normalized composite score)
Dynamic postural control was assessed using the Y Balance Test. Reach distances in the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions were normalized to leg length. A composite score (mean of three directions) was calculated and used for analysis.
Measured: Immediately post-intervention, after each warm-up session (4 sessions, separated by at least 48 hours).
Secondary outcomes (2)
Anthropometric Parameters (Height, Weight, BMI)
Body height (cm), body weight (kg), and BMI (kg/m²) measured with stadiometer and electronic scale prior to warm-up interventions.
Measured: Baseline (Day 1, prior to the first warm-up intervention session)
Internal Load (Heart Rate Monitoring)
Heart rate continuously monitored with Polar RS300X. Intensity calibrated to maintain 60-75% of age-predicted HRmax, calculated individually using Tanaka formula [208 - (0.7 × age)].
Measured: During each warm-up session (15 minutes, across AR, SS, DS, MP protocols)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted18 Sep 2025
- Study start1 Mar 2024
- Primary completion10 Mar 2024
- Study completion1 Apr 2024
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for HealhtyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 15 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Uşak University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, bekir tokay, Uşak University
- Investigators
- Mustafa AKIL, Professor Dr., Principal investigator, Uşak UniversityMelek G. GUNGOR, Principal investigator, Uşak UniversityMehmet Emin Yelken, Ph.D., Principal investigator, Ilgaz Provincial Directorate of Youth and Sports
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07180667
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 207-01-08
- Other IDs
- Uşak University
- Status last verified
- Sep 2025
- First submitted
- 2 Sep 2025
- Last updated
- 18 Sep 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided: A definitive plan regarding the sharing of individual participant data has not been established at this time
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 18 Sep 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Acute Effects of Different Warm-Up Protocols on Motor Performance in Adolescent Football Goalkeepers: A Randomised Crossover Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07180667
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 207-01-08
- Conditions
- Healhty, Adolescent, Football, Warm-up
- Keywords
- Warm-up protocols,, Youth goalkeepers, Motor performance, Dynamic stretching, Balance, Explosive strength
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 15 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Uşak UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Mar 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 10 Mar 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Apr 2024 (actual)
- First posted
- 18 Sep 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purpose of this study is to examine the acute effects of different warm-up protocols on performance outcomes in adolescent male football goalkeepers. Specifically, it investigates the impact of aerobic running, static stretching, dynamic stretching, and movement preparation on flexibility, explosive power, and dynamic balance.
Detailed description
This randomized crossover study examined the acute effects of four 15-minute warm-up protocols-Aerobic Running (AR), Static Stretching (SS), Dynamic Stretching (DS), and Movement Preparation (MP)-on flexibility, explosive lower-limb power, and dynamic balance in 15 adolescent male football goalkeepers. Participants were licensed youth goalkeepers with consistent sleep, diet, and training routines. Warm-up order was randomized and both participants and administrators were blinded to the condition. Flexibility, power, and balance were assessed using the sit-and-reach test, standing long jump, and Y Balance Test, respectively, with the best of three trials recorded. Heart rate was monitored to maintain internal load at 60-75% of age-predicted maximum. All sessions were supervised by a certified sports scientist, and anthropometric data were collected prior to testing. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 4
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Arm 1: Aerobic Running Warm-Up (AR) | Experimental | Behavioral: Intervention 1: Aerobic Running (AR) Warm-UpParticipants perform a 15-minute aerobic running protocol with heart rate maintained at 60-75% of age-predicted maximum (HRₘₐₓ). Includes 7 minutes of light jogging followed by slight intensity increase. |
| Arm 2: Static Stretching Warm-Up (SS) | Experimental | Behavioral: Intervention 2: Static Stretching (SS) Warm-UpParticipants perform 5 minutes of light jogging, followed by static stretches of six lower-limb muscle groups (gastrocnemius, quadriceps, hamstrings, hip flexors, adductors, gluteals). Each muscle stretched twice for 30 seconds. Finishes with 3-4 minutes of light dynamic movements. |
| Arm 3: Dynamic Stretching Warm-Up (DS) | Experimental | Behavioral: Intervention 3: Dynamic Stretching (DS) Warm-UpParticipants perform 5 minutes of light jogging, followed by dynamic stretches targeting the same six lower-limb muscle groups over 10-15 meters with short rest between repetitions. |
| Arm 4: Movement Preparation Warm-Up (MP) | Experimental | Behavioral: Intervention 4: Movement Preparation (MP) Warm-UpParticipants perform a combination of light jogging, multi-joint mobility drills (e.g., lateral shuffles, inchworms), submaximal sprinting (80-90% maximum velocity), and low-intensity balance drills adapted from FIFA 11+ and HarmoKnee. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 14 to 15 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Biologically male football goalkeepers
- Aged 14-15 years
- Actively competing in youth leagues
- Minimum training experience of approximately 3-4 years
- Free from chronic diseases or musculoskeletal injuries that could affect physical performance
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Current injuries
- Chronic health conditions
- Any physical limitations that could interfere with safe participation in warm-up protocols or performance testing
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention 1: Aerobic Running (AR) Warm-Up15-minute aerobic running protocol. Heart rate maintained at 60-75% of age-predicted maximum (HRₘₐₓ). Includes 7 minutes light jogging followed by slight intensity increase. | Behavioural | Arm 1: Aerobic Running Warm-Up (AR) |
| Intervention 2: Static Stretching (SS) Warm-Up5 minutes light jogging followed by static stretches of six lower-limb muscles (gastrocnemius, quadriceps, hamstrings, hip flexors, adductors, gluteals). Each muscle stretched twice for 30 seconds, finishing with 3-4 minutes of light dynamic movements. | Behavioural | Arm 2: Static Stretching Warm-Up (SS) |
| Intervention 3: Dynamic Stretching (DS) Warm-Up5 minutes light jogging followed by dynamic stretches targeting the same six muscle groups over 10-15 meters with brief rest between repetitions. | Behavioural | Arm 3: Dynamic Stretching Warm-Up (DS) |
| Intervention 4: Movement Preparation (MP) Warm-UpDescription: Combination of light jogging, multi-joint mobility drills (e.g., lateral shuffles, inchworms), submaximal sprinting (80-90% max velocity), and low-intensity balance drills adapted from FIFA 11+ and HarmoKnee. | Behavioural | Arm 4: Movement Preparation Warm-Up (MP) |
Primary outcome
Flexibility (Sit and Reach)
Time frame: Immediately post-intervention, after each warm-up session (4 sessions, separated by at least 48 hours).
Flexibility of the posterior chain was assessed using the sit-and-reach test with a standardized measurement box. Participants performed three trials barefoot with knees fully extended, and the best score was recorded in centimeters.
Explosive Lower-Limb Power (Standing Long Jump)
Time frame: Immediately post-intervention, after each warm-up session (4 sessions, separated by at least 48 hours).
Explosive horizontal power was measured by the standing long jump test. From a standing position, participants jumped bilaterally as far as possible. The distance was measured to the nearest cm from the starting line to the rearmost heel. Three maximal trials were performed with 2 minutes rest, and the best score was used.
Dynamic Balance (Y Balance Test normalized composite score)
Time frame: Immediately post-intervention, after each warm-up session (4 sessions, separated by at least 48 hours).
Dynamic postural control was assessed using the Y Balance Test. Reach distances in the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions were normalized to leg length. A composite score (mean of three directions) was calculated and used for analysis.
2 secondary outcomes
Anthropometric Parameters (Height, Weight, BMI)
Time frame: Baseline (Day 1, prior to the first warm-up intervention session)
Internal Load (Heart Rate Monitoring)
Time frame: During each warm-up session (15 minutes, across AR, SS, DS, MP protocols)
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 18 Sep 2025.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided. A definitive plan regarding the sharing of individual participant data has not been established at this time
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Mustafa AKIL, Professor Dr. principal investigator
Uşak University
Melek G. GUNGOR principal investigator
Uşak University
Mehmet Emin Yelken, Ph.D. principal investigator
Ilgaz Provincial Directorate of Youth and Sports
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Intervention 1: Aerobic Running (AR) Warm-Up, Intervention 2: Static Stretching (SS) Warm-Up and Intervention 3: Dynamic Stretching (DS) Warm-Up in people with Healhty and Adolescent, run by Uşak University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 Sep 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Flexibility (Sit and Reach) (time frame: Immediately post-intervention, after each warm-up session (4 sessions, separated by at least 48 hours).). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 Sep 2025; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 30 Oct 2026.