Tooth ExtractionNCT07191132
Multi-Modal Education to Improve Compliance, Knowledge Retention & Anxiety After Dental Extractions
A study testing Standardised Verbal Instructions and Verbal Instructions + PDEC-kit in people with Tooth Extraction and Postoperative Complications, run by Universiti Teknologi Malaysia at 1 site in Malaysia.
Trial summary
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether using a new Post-Dental Extraction Care Kit (PDEC-kit) can help patients better understand and follow their post-extraction instructions, and whether it can also reduce dental anxiety, compared with verbal instructions alone. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Tooth Extraction, Postoperative Complications, Patient Compliance
- What is being tested?
- Standardised Verbal Instructions and Verbal Instructions + PDEC-kit
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine, Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 208 participants
- Where
- 1 siteMalaysia
- Study dates
- 27 Mar 2024to 5 Aug 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Adults aged 18 years or older
- Scheduled for routine, non-surgical extraction of one or two adjacent permanent teeth
- Able to read and understand either English or Bahasa Melayu
- -=Classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I or II
- Provide written informed consent
Who cannot join
- Previous participation in this study
- ASA physical status III or higher
- History of diagnosed anxiety disorders, depression, or learning disabilities
- Requirement for surgical, complex, or multiple extractions
- Procedures expected to be difficult or requiring assistance from a supervising specialist
- Inability to understand or follow study instructions
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Malaysia1 site
Faculty of Dentistry Universiti Teknologi MARA
Sungai Buloh, Selangor, 47000
About this study
Official title: Integrating Multi-Modal Education to Improve Patient Compliance, Knowledge Retention, and Anxiety Reduction After Dental Extractions: A Randomized Controlled Trial
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether using a new Post-Dental Extraction Care Kit (PDEC-kit) can help patients better understand and follow their post-extraction instructions, and whether it can also reduce dental anxiety, compared with verbal instructions alone. The study is being conducted among adult patients (18 years and older) undergoing routine tooth extractions under local anaesthesia at a university oral surgery clinic.
The main questions this study aims to answer are:
Read more
Does the PDEC-kit improve patients' knowledge retention about post-extraction care?
Does the PDEC-kit improve patient compliance with important post-extraction behaviours (e.g., medication use, diet, activity restrictions)?
Does the PDEC-kit reduce patient anxiety compared with standard verbal instructions?
Researchers will compare two groups of patients:
One group will receive the usual standardised verbal instructions.
The other group will receive the same verbal instructions plus the PDEC-kit.
Participants in the PDEC-kit group will:
Watch a short educational video on post-extraction care.
Review illustrated flashcards showing key "dos and don'ts."
Observe a live demonstration using a dental model to learn how to place and bite on gauze correctly.
Take home a bilingual brochure (English and Bahasa Melayu), also available via QR code.
All participants will be asked to answer short questionnaires about their knowledge, behaviour, and dental anxiety at three time points: before the extraction, immediately after receiving instructions, and one week later.
Read the detailed description
Scientific Rationale
Tooth extraction is one of the most frequently performed dental procedures. Despite its routine nature, poor comprehension of post-operative instructions may lead to complications such as alveolar osteitis, infection, or delayed wound healing. Evidence from health communication research shows that patients retain only a small proportion of verbal-only instructions, particularly in settings of heightened anxiety. Multimedia learning theory (Mayer, 2021) suggests that simultaneous delivery of verbal, visual, and kinesthetic information enhances encoding and recall.
Building on this theory, the Post-Dental Extraction Care Kit (PDEC-kit) was developed. It integrates audiovisual, pictorial, and demonstration-based teaching into a structured package that supplements standard verbal guidance. The central hypothesis is that the PDEC-kit improves knowledge retention, compliance, and anxiety outcomes compared to verbal instructions alone.
Study Design Overview
This is a prospective, single-centre, two-arm, parallel-group randomized controlled trial. Participants are assigned to intervention or control groups in a 1:1 ratio. Allocation concealment was ensured using block randomisation with opaque, sequentially numbered envelopes. Operators performing extractions were blinded to allocation.
The sample size was determined by a priori power analysis using G*Power 3.1, based on a medium effect size (f = 0.25), α = 0.05, power = 0.80, and repeated measures across two groups. The minimum required sample was 86; recruitment was increased to 208 to account for attrition.
Intervention Details
Control arm: Standardised verbal post-extraction instructions delivered by a single calibrated investigator to minimise variability.
Intervention arm: Same standardised verbal instructions plus the PDEC-kit, which consists of:
Educational video (2 minutes): Demonstrates correct gauze placement, oral hygiene, and activity restrictions.
Illustrated flashcards: Show simplified dos and don'ts using pictorial reinforcement.
Live model demonstration: Gauze placement demonstrated on a dental model for kinesthetic learning.
Bilingual brochure (English and Bahasa Melayu): Provides at-home reference; a QR code enables access to a digital version.
All components were pilot-tested for clarity and developed by a multidisciplinary panel of oral surgeons, dental educators, and communication specialists.
Assessment Schedule
Data collection was performed at three points:
T0: Baseline (pre-extraction) - demographic data, knowledge baseline, and anxiety baseline.
T1: Immediately after instruction - post-intervention knowledge and anxiety assessments.
T2: One-week follow-up via telephone - reassessment of knowledge retention, anxiety, compliance, and complications.
Measurement Instruments
Knowledge retention: Four-item structured quiz (binary scoring).
Dental anxiety: Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear (IDAF-4C+, validated Malay version).
Compliance: Structured checklist covering analgesic use, diet, hygiene, activity, and smoking behaviour.
Pain: 10-point Likert scale.
Complications: Self-reported bleeding, infection, or alveolar osteitis, confirmed by clinic review where indicated.
Analytic Framework
Data were analysed using SPSS v29. Statistical procedures included:
Descriptive statistics for demographic and baseline variables.
Independent-samples t-test for between-group comparisons.
Paired-samples t-test for within-group pre-post changes.
Repeated measures ANOVA (Greenhouse-Geisser correction applied when sphericity violated).
Chi-square test for categorical variables (compliance, complication rates).
Spearman's correlation for anxiety-pain association. Significance threshold: p < 0.05.
- Conditions
- Tooth Extraction, Postoperative Complications, Patient Compliance, Dental Anxiety, Patient Education as Topic
- Being tested
- Standardised Verbal Instructions, Verbal Instructions + PDEC-kit
- Keywords
- Tooth Extraction, Postoperative Care, Patient Education, Dental Anxiety, Patient Compliance
- Medical subject headings
- Postoperative Complications, Patient Compliance
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Standardised Verbal InstructionsBehavioural
Participants receive verbal post-extraction care instructions delivered by a trained investigator using a calibrated script. The content includes guidance on bleeding control, diet, oral hygiene, activity restrictions, and medication use.
Verbal Instructions + PDEC-kitBehavioural
Participants receive the same standardised verbal instructions as the control group, supplemented with the PDEC-kit. The kit includes a two-minute educational video, illustrated flashcards, a live gauze demonstration using a dental model, and a bilingual (English and Bahasa Melayu) illustrated brochure with QR code access to a digital version.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Standardised Verbal Instructions | Active comparator | Participants receive the standardised verbal post-extraction care instructions delivered by a trained investigator using a calibrated script. No additional educational materials are provided. Receives: Behavioral: Standardised Verbal Instructions |
| Intervention - Verbal Instructions + PDEC-kit | Experimental | Participants receive the same standardised verbal post-extraction instructions as the control group, supplemented with the Post-Dental Extraction Care Kit (PDEC-kit). The kit includes:
A 2-minute educational video
Illustrated flashcards of dos and don'ts
Live demonstration of gauze placement using a dental model
Bilingual brochure (English and Bahasa Melayu), with QR code for digital access Receives: Behavioral: Verbal Instructions + PDEC-kit |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Knowledge Retention of Post-Extraction Care
Knowledge assessed using a structured four-item post-extraction care quiz (binary scoring, correct/incorrect). Higher scores indicate better knowledge retention.
Measured: Baseline (pre-extraction, T0), immediately after instruction (T1), and one-week post-operatively (T2).
Secondary outcomes (2)
Dental Anxiety (IDAF-4C+)
Level of dental anxiety measured using the validated Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear (IDAF-4C+), including core, phobia, and stimulus modules.
Structure:
- Core module (8 items): Each item is scored on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Disagree to 5 = Strongly agree).
- Phobia module (5 items, Yes/No): Screens for dental phobia.
- Stimulus module (10 items): Rates fear related to specific dental stimuli and situations on a 5-point scale (1 = Not at all to 5 = Very much).
Scoring:
Core module total score range: 8 (minimum) to 40 (maximum). Interpretation: Higher scores indicate a worse outcome (greater dental anxiety/fear).
Phobia and stimulus modules are analyzed separately; higher values indicate greater anxiety/fear or avoidance.
Measured: Baseline (T0), immediately after instruction (T1), and one-week post-operatively (T2).
Patient Compliance with Post-Operative Instructions
Adherence to specific behaviours (analgesic use, diet, oral hygiene, activity restriction, and smoking cessation) assessed using a structured compliance checklist adapted from Shenoi et al. (2021).
Measured: One-week post-operatively (T2).
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted24 Sep 2025
- Study start27 Mar 2024
- Primary completion29 Jul 2024
- Study completion5 Aug 2024
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (15)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Tooth ExtractionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Care provider
- Enrolment
- 208 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Tan Su Keng, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Investigators
- Melissa Mohammad, BDS, Principal investigator, Ministry of Health, Malaysia
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07191132
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- MDSC_UiTM
- Status last verified
- Sep 2025
- First submitted
- 19 Sep 2025
- Last updated
- 24 Sep 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: De-identified individual participant data (IPD) that underlie the results reported in published articles will be made available to other researchers. De-identified individual participant data underlying the primary and secondary outcomes reported in the main publication. How to access data: Requests should be submitted to the corresponding author (Tan Su Keng, Centre of Studies for Oral \& Maxillofacial Surgery, Universiti Teknologi MARA). Approved requests will require a signed data use agreement, and data will be shared via secure e
Publications
Kessels RP. Patients' memory for medical information. J R Soc Med. 2003 May;96(5):219-22. doi: 10.1177/014107680309600504. No abstract available.
PubMed 12724430Mayer, R. E. (2021). The Cambridge Handbook of Multimedia Learning (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139547369
Svensson L, Hakeberg M, Wide U. Evaluating the validity of the Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear (IDAF-4C+) in adults with severe dental anxiety. Eur J Oral Sci. 2020 Oct;128(5):423-428. doi: 10.1111/eos.12731. Epub 2020 Aug 16.
PubMed 33463781Fathima T, Kumar MPS. Evaluation of quality of life following dental extraction. J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2022 Nov;13(Suppl 1):S102-S107. doi: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_361_22. Epub 2022 Nov 30.
PubMed 36643114Dignam P, Elshafey M, Jeganathan A, Foo M, Park JS, Ratnaweera M. Prevalence and Factors Influencing Post-Operative Complications following Tooth Extraction: A Narrative Review. Int J Dent. 2024 May 9;2024:7712829. doi: 10.1155/2024/7712829. eCollection 2024.
PubMed 38756385Alvira-Gonzalez J, Gay-Escoda C. Compliance of postoperative instructions following the surgical extraction of impacted lower third molars: a randomized clinical trial. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2015 Mar 1;20(2):e224-30. doi: 10.4317/medoral.20121.
PubMed 25475774Udeabor SE, Heselich A, Al-Maawi S, Alqahtani AF, Sader R, Ghanaati S. Current Knowledge on the Healing of the Extraction Socket: A Narrative Review. Bioengineering (Basel). 2023 Sep 29;10(10):1145. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering10101145.
PubMed 37892875Shenoi RS, Rajguru JG, Parate SR, Ingole PD, Khandaitkar SR, Karmarkar JS. Compliance of postoperative instructions following the surgical extraction of impacted lower third molars. Indian J Dent Res. 2021 Jan-Feb;32(1):87-91. doi: 10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_323_20.
PubMed 34269243Ploghaus A, Narain C, Beckmann CF, Clare S, Bantick S, Wise R, Matthews PM, Rawlins JN, Tracey I. Exacerbation of pain by anxiety is associated with activity in a hippocampal network. J Neurosci. 2001 Dec 15;21(24):9896-903. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-24-09896.2001.
PubMed 11739597Ikmalhisam, N., Aziz, N., Mah, M., Jamaluddin, T., Wahab, H., Mohammad, M., & Tan, S. (2021). Delivery of Post-Dental Extraction Care Instructions with the Aid of a Novel Educational Kit: The UiTM Dental Students' Perspective. ESTEEM Academic Journal, 17, 135-146.
Houts PS, Witmer JT, Egeth HE, Loscalzo MJ, Zabora JR. Using pictographs to enhance recall of spoken medical instructions II. Patient Educ Couns. 2001 Jun;43(3):231-42. doi: 10.1016/s0738-3991(00)00171-3.
PubMed 11384821Dingley C, Daugherty K, Derieg MK, Persing R. Improving Patient Safety Through Provider Communication Strategy Enhancements. In: Henriksen K, Battles JB, Keyes MA, Grady ML, editors. Advances in Patient Safety: New Directions and Alternative Approaches (Vol. 3: Performance and Tools). Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2008 Aug. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK43663/
PubMed 21249923Choi SH, Won JH, Cha JY, Hwang CJ. Effect of Audiovisual Treatment Information on Relieving Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Impacted Mandibular Third Molar Removal. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015 Nov;73(11):2087-92. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2015.06.175. Epub 2015 Jul 8.
PubMed 26212090Baharuddin IH, Arifin WN, Kueh YC, Rahman NA. Adaptation and Validation of the Malay Version of the Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear (IDAF-4C+) for Malaysian Secondary School Children. Malays J Med Sci. 2018 May;25(3):111-119. doi: 10.21315/mjms2018.25.3.11. Epub 2018 Jun 28.
PubMed 30899192Armfield JM. Development and psychometric evaluation of the Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear (IDAF-4C+). Psychol Assess. 2010 Jun;22(2):279-87. doi: 10.1037/a0018678.
PubMed 20528055
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 24 Sep 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Integrating Multi-Modal Education to Improve Patient Compliance, Knowledge Retention, and Anxiety Reduction After Dental Extractions: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07191132
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- MDSC_UiTM
- Conditions
- Tooth Extraction, Postoperative Complications, Patient Compliance, Dental Anxiety, Patient Education as Topic
- Keywords
- Tooth Extraction, Postoperative Care, Patient Education, Dental Anxiety, Patient Compliance
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 208 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 27 Mar 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 29 Jul 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 5 Aug 2024 (actual)
- First posted
- 24 Sep 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether using a new Post-Dental Extraction Care Kit (PDEC-kit) can help patients better understand and follow their post-extraction instructions, and whether it can also reduce dental anxiety, compared with verbal instructions alone. The study is being conducted among adult patients (18 years and older) undergoing routine tooth extractions under local anaesthesia at a university oral surgery clinic.
The main questions this study aims to answer are:
Does the PDEC-kit improve patients' knowledge retention about post-extraction care?
Does the PDEC-kit improve patient compliance with important post-extraction behaviours (e.g., medication use, diet, activity restrictions)?
Does the PDEC-kit reduce patient anxiety compared with standard verbal instructions?
Researchers will compare two groups of patients:
One group will receive the usual standardised verbal instructions.
The other group will receive the same verbal instructions plus the PDEC-kit.
Participants in the PDEC-kit group will:
Watch a short educational video on post-extraction care.
Review illustrated flashcards showing key "dos and don'ts."
Observe a live demonstration using a dental model to learn how to place and bite on gauze correctly.
Take home a bilingual brochure (English and Bahasa Melayu), also available via QR code.
All participants will be asked to answer short questionnaires about their knowledge, behaviour, and dental anxiety at three time points: before the extraction, immediately after receiving instructions, and one week later.
Detailed description
Scientific Rationale
Tooth extraction is one of the most frequently performed dental procedures. Despite its routine nature, poor comprehension of post-operative instructions may lead to complications such as alveolar osteitis, infection, or delayed wound healing. Evidence from health communication research shows that patients retain only a small proportion of verbal-only instructions, particularly in settings of heightened anxiety. Multimedia learning theory (Mayer, 2021) suggests that simultaneous delivery of verbal, visual, and kinesthetic information enhances encoding and recall.
Building on this theory, the Post-Dental Extraction Care Kit (PDEC-kit) was developed. It integrates audiovisual, pictorial, and demonstration-based teaching into a structured package that supplements standard verbal guidance. The central hypothesis is that the PDEC-kit improves knowledge retention, compliance, and anxiety outcomes compared to verbal instructions alone.
Study Design Overview
This is a prospective, single-centre, two-arm, parallel-group randomized controlled trial. Participants are assigned to intervention or control groups in a 1:1 ratio. Allocation concealment was ensured using block randomisation with opaque, sequentially numbered envelopes. Operators performing extractions were blinded to allocation.
The sample size was determined by a priori power analysis using G*Power 3.1, based on a medium effect size (f = 0.25), α = 0.05, power = 0.80, and repeated measures across two groups. The minimum required sample was 86; recruitment was increased to 208 to account for attrition.
Intervention Details
Control arm: Standardised verbal post-extraction instructions delivered by a single calibrated investigator to minimise variability.
Intervention arm: Same standardised verbal instructions plus the PDEC-kit, which consists of:
Educational video (2 minutes): Demonstrates correct gauze placement, oral hygiene, and activity restrictions.
Illustrated flashcards: Show simplified dos and don'ts using pictorial reinforcement.
Live model demonstration: Gauze placement demonstrated on a dental model for kinesthetic learning.
Bilingual brochure (English and Bahasa Melayu): Provides at-home reference; a QR code enables access to a digital version.
All components were pilot-tested for clarity and developed by a multidisciplinary panel of oral surgeons, dental educators, and communication specialists.
Assessment Schedule
Data collection was performed at three points:
T0: Baseline (pre-extraction) - demographic data, knowledge baseline, and anxiety baseline.
T1: Immediately after instruction - post-intervention knowledge and anxiety assessments.
T2: One-week follow-up via telephone - reassessment of knowledge retention, anxiety, compliance, and complications.
Measurement Instruments
Knowledge retention: Four-item structured quiz (binary scoring).
Dental anxiety: Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear (IDAF-4C+, validated Malay version).
Compliance: Structured checklist covering analgesic use, diet, hygiene, activity, and smoking behaviour.
Pain: 10-point Likert scale.
Complications: Self-reported bleeding, infection, or alveolar osteitis, confirmed by clinic review where indicated.
Analytic Framework
Data were analysed using SPSS v29. Statistical procedures included:
Descriptive statistics for demographic and baseline variables.
Independent-samples t-test for between-group comparisons.
Paired-samples t-test for within-group pre-post changes.
Repeated measures ANOVA (Greenhouse-Geisser correction applied when sphericity violated).
Chi-square test for categorical variables (compliance, complication rates).
Spearman's correlation for anxiety-pain association. Significance threshold: p < 0.05.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (care provider)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Standardised Verbal Instructions | Active comparator | Behavioral: Standardised Verbal InstructionsParticipants receive the standardised verbal post-extraction care instructions delivered by a trained investigator using a calibrated script. No additional educational materials are provided. |
| Intervention - Verbal Instructions + PDEC-kit | Experimental | Behavioral: Verbal Instructions + PDEC-kitParticipants receive the same standardised verbal post-extraction instructions as the control group, supplemented with the Post-Dental Extraction Care Kit (PDEC-kit). The kit includes: A 2-minute educational video Illustrated flashcards of dos and don'ts Live demonstration of gauze placement using a dental model Bilingual brochure (English and Bahasa Melayu), with QR code for digital access |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Adults aged 18 years or older
- Scheduled for routine, non-surgical extraction of one or two adjacent permanent teeth
- Able to read and understand either English or Bahasa Melayu
- -=Classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I or II
- Provide written informed consent
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Previous participation in this study
- ASA physical status III or higher
- History of diagnosed anxiety disorders, depression, or learning disabilities
- Requirement for surgical, complex, or multiple extractions
- Procedures expected to be difficult or requiring assistance from a supervising specialist
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Standardised Verbal InstructionsParticipants receive verbal post-extraction care instructions delivered by a trained investigator using a calibrated script. The content includes guidance on bleeding control, diet, oral hygiene, activity restrictions, and medication use. | Behavioural | Standardised Verbal Instructions |
| Verbal Instructions + PDEC-kitParticipants receive the same standardised verbal instructions as the control group, supplemented with the PDEC-kit. The kit includes a two-minute educational video, illustrated flashcards, a live gauze demonstration using a dental model, and a bilingual (English and Bahasa Melayu) illustrated brochure with QR code access to a digital version. | Behavioural | Intervention - Verbal Instructions + PDEC-kit |
Primary outcome
Knowledge Retention of Post-Extraction Care
Time frame: Baseline (pre-extraction, T0), immediately after instruction (T1), and one-week post-operatively (T2).
Knowledge assessed using a structured four-item post-extraction care quiz (binary scoring, correct/incorrect). Higher scores indicate better knowledge retention.
2 secondary outcomes
Dental Anxiety (IDAF-4C+)
Time frame: Baseline (T0), immediately after instruction (T1), and one-week post-operatively (T2).
Patient Compliance with Post-Operative Instructions
Time frame: One-week post-operatively (T2).
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 24 Sep 2025.
- Results publication: PubMed 12724430Kessels RP. Patients' memory for medical information. J R Soc Med. 2003 May;96(5):219-22. doi: 10.1177/014107680309600504. No abstract available.
- Results publicationMayer, R. E. (2021). The Cambridge Handbook of Multimedia Learning (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139547369
- Results publication: PubMed 33463781Svensson L, Hakeberg M, Wide U. Evaluating the validity of the Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear (IDAF-4C+) in adults with severe dental anxiety. Eur J Oral Sci. 2020 Oct;128(5):423-428. doi: 10.1111/eos.12731. Epub 2020 Aug 16.
- Results publication: PubMed 36643114Fathima T, Kumar MPS. Evaluation of quality of life following dental extraction. J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2022 Nov;13(Suppl 1):S102-S107. doi: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_361_22. Epub 2022 Nov 30.
- Results publication: PubMed 38756385Dignam P, Elshafey M, Jeganathan A, Foo M, Park JS, Ratnaweera M. Prevalence and Factors Influencing Post-Operative Complications following Tooth Extraction: A Narrative Review. Int J Dent. 2024 May 9;2024:7712829. doi: 10.1155/2024/7712829. eCollection 2024.
- Results publication: PubMed 25475774Alvira-Gonzalez J, Gay-Escoda C. Compliance of postoperative instructions following the surgical extraction of impacted lower third molars: a randomized clinical trial. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2015 Mar 1;20(2):e224-30. doi: 10.4317/medoral.20121.
- Results publication: PubMed 37892875Udeabor SE, Heselich A, Al-Maawi S, Alqahtani AF, Sader R, Ghanaati S. Current Knowledge on the Healing of the Extraction Socket: A Narrative Review. Bioengineering (Basel). 2023 Sep 29;10(10):1145. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering10101145.
- Results publication: PubMed 34269243Shenoi RS, Rajguru JG, Parate SR, Ingole PD, Khandaitkar SR, Karmarkar JS. Compliance of postoperative instructions following the surgical extraction of impacted lower third molars. Indian J Dent Res. 2021 Jan-Feb;32(1):87-91. doi: 10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_323_20.
- Results publication: PubMed 11739597Ploghaus A, Narain C, Beckmann CF, Clare S, Bantick S, Wise R, Matthews PM, Rawlins JN, Tracey I. Exacerbation of pain by anxiety is associated with activity in a hippocampal network. J Neurosci. 2001 Dec 15;21(24):9896-903. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-24-09896.2001.
- Results publicationIkmalhisam, N., Aziz, N., Mah, M., Jamaluddin, T., Wahab, H., Mohammad, M., & Tan, S. (2021). Delivery of Post-Dental Extraction Care Instructions with the Aid of a Novel Educational Kit: The UiTM Dental Students' Perspective. ESTEEM Academic Journal, 17, 135-146.
- Results publication: PubMed 11384821Houts PS, Witmer JT, Egeth HE, Loscalzo MJ, Zabora JR. Using pictographs to enhance recall of spoken medical instructions II. Patient Educ Couns. 2001 Jun;43(3):231-42. doi: 10.1016/s0738-3991(00)00171-3.
- Results publication: PubMed 21249923Dingley C, Daugherty K, Derieg MK, Persing R. Improving Patient Safety Through Provider Communication Strategy Enhancements. In: Henriksen K, Battles JB, Keyes MA, Grady ML, editors. Advances in Patient Safety: New Directions and Alternative Approaches (Vol. 3: Performance and Tools). Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2008 Aug. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK43663/
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. De-identified individual participant data (IPD) that underlie the results reported in published articles will be made available to other researchers. De-identified individual participant data underlying the primary and secondary outcomes reported in the main publication. How to access data: Requests should be submitted to the corresponding author (Tan Su Keng, Centre of Studies for Oral \& Maxillofacial Surgery, Universiti Teknologi MARA). Approved requests will require a signed data use agreement, and data will be shared via secure e
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Effect of Ascorbic Acid-Loaded I-PRF With Partially Demineralized Dentin Graft on Alveolar Ridge Preservation
Alveolar Ridge Preservation Post-Extraction Bone Healing Dental Implant Site Development Tooth Loss, Alveolar Bone Regeneration Following Odontectomy
Recruiting
Assessment of the Locally Administrated Vitamin D3 and Corticision Efficacy on Orthodontic Canine Retraction
Malocclusions, Canine Retraction
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Melissa Mohammad, BDS principal investigator
Ministry of Health, Malaysia
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Standardised Verbal Instructions and Verbal Instructions + PDEC-kit in people with Tooth Extraction and Postoperative Complications, run by Universiti Teknologi Malaysia at 1 site in Malaysia.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 24 Sep 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Malaysia. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Knowledge Retention of Post-Extraction Care (time frame: Baseline (pre-extraction, T0), immediately after instruction (T1), and one-week post-operatively (T2).). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07191132, which also lists 15 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 24 Sep 2025.