Plyometric ExercisesTRMD-PLYO_U19NCT07193706
Micro-Dosed vs. Traditional Plyometric Training in Elite Youth Soccer
A study testing Traditional group training program and Micro-dosed group training program in people with Plyometric Exercises and Soccer Performance, run by Matej Bel University at 1 site in Czechia.
Trial summary
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if a micro-dosed plyometric training program works as well as a traditional plyometric program for improving speed and explosive abilities in elite under-19 soccer players during the pre-season. The main questions are: 1. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 17 to 19 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Plyometric Exercises, Soccer Performance, Speed
- What is being tested?
- Traditional group training program and Micro-dosed group training program
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 24 participants
- Where
- 1 siteCzechia
- Study dates
- 8 Jul 2024to 17 Sep 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 17 to 19 years
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult
Who may be able to join
- Active membership in a U19 elite soccer club during the intervention.
- Medical fitness to participate in plyometric training and testing.
- Attendance at ≥75% of training sessions.
- Completion of all mandatory pre- and post-tests.
- Previous experience with plyometric training and testing procedures.
Who cannot join
- Medical limitations preventing safe participation in training or testing.
- Attendance lower than 75% of scheduled intervention sessions.
- Failure to complete mandatory baseline or follow-up testing.
- Injury preventing completion of the intervention.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: A Volume-Matched Quasi-Experimental Trial Comparing Micro-Dosed and Traditional Plyometric Training on Speed and Explosive Abilities in Elite Under-19 Soccer Players During the Pre-Season
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if a micro-dosed plyometric training program works as well as a traditional plyometric program for improving speed and explosive abilities in elite under-19 soccer players during the pre-season.
The main questions are:
Read more
- Does micro-dosed training improve explosive and speed abilites, such as jumping and sprinting, as much as traditional training?
- Does it improve reactivity and change-of-direction ability ?
Researchers will compare two groups:
- Traditional Training Group: 2 sessions per week, about 40 minutes each.
- Micro-dosed Group: 3-4 shorter sessions per week, about 20 minutes each. Both groups will complete the same total weekly training volume.
Participants will:
- Take part in an 8-week plyometric training program during pre-season.
- Complete performance tests (CM jump tests, a 30-meter sprint, and a 15-0-5 change-of-direction test, broad jump test, drop jump test) before and after 8-week plyometric intervention, .
This study will help coaches and players understand if shorter, more frequent plyometric training sessions can be a good alternative to traditional longer sessions when weekly training load is matched.
- Conditions
- Plyometric Exercises, Soccer Performance, Speed, Explosive Strength, Microdosing
- Being tested
- Traditional group training program, Micro-dosed group training program
- Keywords
- Micro-dosed plyometric training, Youth soccer players, Explosive strength, Sprint performance, reactive strength
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Traditional group training programBehavioural
Also called Traditional Group, TRG
This intervention consists of two supervised plyometric training sessions per week, each lasting about 40 minutes. It represents the traditional approach with fewer but longer sessions. The total weekly training volume is equivalent to the micro-dosed group but distributed differently.
Micro-dosed group training programBehavioural
Also called Micro-dose group, MDG
This intervention consists of three to four shorter supervised plyometric sessions per week, each lasting about 20 minutes. It represents a micro-dosed approach, with higher frequency but shorter duration per session. The total weekly training volume is equivalent to the traditional group but distributed across more frequent sessions.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Traditional Plyometric Training Group | Active comparator | Participants in this group completed a traditional plyometric training program during the 8-week pre-season period. The program consisted of 2 sessions per week, each lasting about 40 minutes. Exercises included countermovement jumps, drop jumps, broad jumps, and other standard plyometric drills. The total weekly training volume was matched to the micro-dosed group. Receives: Behavioral: Traditional group training program |
| Micro-dosed Plyometric Training Group | Experimental | Participants in this group completed a micro-dosed plyometric training program during the 8-week pre-season period. The program consisted of 3 to 4 shorter sessions per week, each lasting about 20 minutes. The same types of plyometric exercises were used as in the traditional group (e.g., countermovement jumps, drop jumps, broad jumps). The total weekly training volume was matched to the traditional group. Receives: Behavioral: Micro-dosed group training program |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in countermovement jump (CMJ) jump height
Change in vertical jump height (cm) measured with dual force plates during a countermovement jump, from baseline (pre-test) to post-intervention (8 weeks).
Measured: Baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention.
Change in Sprint Speed (30 m sprint test using 1080 Sprint system)
Change in sprint velocity (m/s) and split times (0-5 m, 0-10 m, 0-30 m).
Measured: Baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention.
Change in Drop Jump Reactive Strength Index (RSI)
Change in reactive strength index (jump height / ground contact time) measured during drop jump from 30 cm platform.
Measured: Baseline and after 8 weeks.
Secondary outcomes (3)
Change in Standing Broad Jump Distance (SBJ)
Change in Standing Broad Jump Distance (SBJ)
Measured: Baseline and after 8 weeks.
Change in Sprint Mechanics (1080 Sprint)
Change in peak force (N) and peak power (W) during 30 m sprint.
Measured: Baseline and after 8 weeks.
Change in Change-of-Direction Performance (15-0-5 test)
Change in time (s) to complete 15-0-5 change-of-direction test, including deceleration and re-acceleration phases.
Measured: Baseline and after 8 weeks.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted26 Sep 2025
- Study start8 Jul 2024
- Primary completion10 Sep 2024
- Study completion17 Sep 2024
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (7)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Plyometric ExercisesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- This is a parallel-group, quasi-experimental design. Players were allocated into two groups (micro-dosed vs. traditional plyometric training) using performance-based ranking (countermovement jump and drop jump tests) to achieve balanced groups. Both groups completed the similiar total weekly training volume during the 8-week pre-season period.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 24 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Matej Bel University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Masaryk University
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Marián Škorik, Matej Bel University
- Investigators
- Martin Pupiš, Study chair, Faculty of Sport Science and Health, Matej Bel UniversityMarián Škorik, Principal investigator, Faculty of Sport Science and Health, Matej Bel University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07193706
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 409/2024
- Acronym
- TRMD-PLYO_U19
- Status last verified
- Sep 2025
- First submitted
- 18 Sep 2025
- Last updated
- 26 Sep 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: De-identified individual participant data (IPD), including pre- and post-intervention performance outcomes (e.g., jump height, reactive strength index, sprint performance, change-of-direction test results), will be shared. No personally identifying information will be included. Data will be shared through an open repository such as OSF (Open Science Framework) or Zenodo. The link will be provided upon availability.
Publications
Afonso J, Nakamura FY, Baptista I, Rendeiro-Pinho G, Brito J, Figueiredo P. Microdosing: Old Wine in a New Bottle? Current State of Affairs and Future Avenues. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2022 Oct 6;17(11):1649-1652. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2022-0291. Print 2022 Nov 1.
PubMed 36202386Cuadrado-Penafiel V, Castano-Zambudio A, Martinez-Aranda LM, Gonzalez-Hernandez JM, Martin-Acero R, Jimenez-Reyes P. Microdosing Sprint Distribution as an Alternative to Achieve Better Sprint Performance in Field Hockey Players. Sensors (Basel). 2023 Jan 6;23(2):650. doi: 10.3390/s23020650.
PubMed 36679451Wang J, Wang Y, Jiang Y, Li S, Jia X, Xiao X, Sun W, Wang P, Zhang Q. Datasets-Based IMPDH1 Revisited: Heterozygous Missense Variants for Dominant Retinitis Pigmentosa While Truncation Variants Are Likely Non-Pathogenic. Curr Eye Res. 2024 Aug;49(8):853-861. doi: 10.1080/02713683.2024.2336158. Epub 2024 Apr 11.
PubMed 38604988DiStefano LJ, Martinez JC, Crowley E, Matteau E, Kerner MS, Boling MC, Nguyen AD, Trojian TH. Maturation and Sex Differences in Neuromuscular Characteristics of Youth Athletes. J Strength Cond Res. 2015 Sep;29(9):2465-73. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001052.
PubMed 26313573Liu G, Wang X, Xu Q. Microdosing Plyometric Training Enhances Jumping Performance, Reactive Strength Index, and Acceleration among Youth Soccer Players: A Randomized Controlled Study Design. J Sports Sci Med. 2024 Jun 1;23(2):342-350. doi: 10.52082/jssm.2024.342. eCollection 2024 Jun.
PubMed 38841635Nuzzo JL, Pinto MD, Kirk BJC, Nosaka K. Resistance Exercise Minimal Dose Strategies for Increasing Muscle Strength in the General Population: an Overview. Sports Med. 2024 May;54(5):1139-1162. doi: 10.1007/s40279-024-02009-0. Epub 2024 Mar 20.
PubMed 38509414Skorik M, Kalina T, Pupis M, Hruby M. The impact of microdosed plyometric training on speed and explosive abilities of football players during the pre-season. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2026 Feb 5;18(1):116. doi: 10.1186/s13102-026-01556-5.
PubMed 41645335
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 26 Sep 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Volume-Matched Quasi-Experimental Trial Comparing Micro-Dosed and Traditional Plyometric Training on Speed and Explosive Abilities in Elite Under-19 Soccer Players During the Pre-Season
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07193706
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- TRMD-PLYO_U19 / 409/2024
- Conditions
- Plyometric Exercises, Soccer Performance, Speed, Explosive Strength, Microdosing
- Keywords
- Micro-dosed plyometric training, Youth soccer players, Explosive strength, Sprint performance, reactive strength
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 24 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Matej Bel UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Masaryk University
- Study start
- 8 Jul 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 10 Sep 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 17 Sep 2024 (actual)
- First posted
- 26 Sep 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if a micro-dosed plyometric training program works as well as a traditional plyometric program for improving speed and explosive abilities in elite under-19 soccer players during the pre-season.
The main questions are:
- Does micro-dosed training improve explosive and speed abilites, such as jumping and sprinting, as much as traditional training?
- Does it improve reactivity and change-of-direction ability ?
Researchers will compare two groups:
- Traditional Training Group: 2 sessions per week, about 40 minutes each.
- Micro-dosed Group: 3-4 shorter sessions per week, about 20 minutes each. Both groups will complete the same total weekly training volume.
Participants will:
- Take part in an 8-week plyometric training program during pre-season.
- Complete performance tests (CM jump tests, a 30-meter sprint, and a 15-0-5 change-of-direction test, broad jump test, drop jump test) before and after 8-week plyometric intervention, .
This study will help coaches and players understand if shorter, more frequent plyometric training sessions can be a good alternative to traditional longer sessions when weekly training load is matched.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- This is a parallel-group, quasi-experimental design. Players were allocated into two groups (micro-dosed vs. traditional plyometric training) using performance-based ranking (countermovement jump and drop jump tests) to achieve balanced groups. Both groups completed the similiar total weekly training volume during the 8-week pre-season period.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Traditional Plyometric Training Group | Active comparator | Behavioral: Traditional group training programParticipants in this group completed a traditional plyometric training program during the 8-week pre-season period. The program consisted of 2 sessions per week, each lasting about 40 minutes. Exercises included countermovement jumps, drop jumps, broad jumps, and other standard plyometric drills. The total weekly training volume was matched to the micro-dosed group. |
| Micro-dosed Plyometric Training Group | Experimental | Behavioral: Micro-dosed group training programParticipants in this group completed a micro-dosed plyometric training program during the 8-week pre-season period. The program consisted of 3 to 4 shorter sessions per week, each lasting about 20 minutes. The same types of plyometric exercises were used as in the traditional group (e.g., countermovement jumps, drop jumps, broad jumps). The total weekly training volume was matched to the traditional group. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 17 to 19 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Active membership in a U19 elite soccer club during the intervention.
- Medical fitness to participate in plyometric training and testing.
- Attendance at ≥75% of training sessions.
- Completion of all mandatory pre- and post-tests.
- Previous experience with plyometric training and testing procedures.
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Medical limitations preventing safe participation in training or testing.
- Attendance lower than 75% of scheduled intervention sessions.
- Failure to complete mandatory baseline or follow-up testing.
- Injury preventing completion of the intervention.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Traditional group training programAlso: Traditional Group, TRGThis intervention consists of two supervised plyometric training sessions per week, each lasting about 40 minutes. It represents the traditional approach with fewer but longer sessions. The total weekly training volume is equivalent to the micro-dosed group but distributed differently. | Behavioural | Traditional Plyometric Training Group |
| Micro-dosed group training programAlso: Micro-dose group, MDGThis intervention consists of three to four shorter supervised plyometric sessions per week, each lasting about 20 minutes. It represents a micro-dosed approach, with higher frequency but shorter duration per session. The total weekly training volume is equivalent to the traditional group but distributed across more frequent sessions. | Behavioural | Micro-dosed Plyometric Training Group |
Primary outcome
Change in countermovement jump (CMJ) jump height
Time frame: Baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention.
Change in vertical jump height (cm) measured with dual force plates during a countermovement jump, from baseline (pre-test) to post-intervention (8 weeks).
Change in Sprint Speed (30 m sprint test using 1080 Sprint system)
Time frame: Baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention.
Change in sprint velocity (m/s) and split times (0-5 m, 0-10 m, 0-30 m).
Change in Drop Jump Reactive Strength Index (RSI)
Time frame: Baseline and after 8 weeks.
Change in reactive strength index (jump height / ground contact time) measured during drop jump from 30 cm platform.
3 secondary outcomes
Change in Standing Broad Jump Distance (SBJ)
Time frame: Baseline and after 8 weeks.
Change in Sprint Mechanics (1080 Sprint)
Time frame: Baseline and after 8 weeks.
Change in Change-of-Direction Performance (15-0-5 test)
Time frame: Baseline and after 8 weeks.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 26 Sep 2025.
- Background: PubMed 36202386Afonso J, Nakamura FY, Baptista I, Rendeiro-Pinho G, Brito J, Figueiredo P. Microdosing: Old Wine in a New Bottle? Current State of Affairs and Future Avenues. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2022 Oct 6;17(11):1649-1652. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2022-0291. Print 2022 Nov 1.
- Background: PubMed 36679451Cuadrado-Penafiel V, Castano-Zambudio A, Martinez-Aranda LM, Gonzalez-Hernandez JM, Martin-Acero R, Jimenez-Reyes P. Microdosing Sprint Distribution as an Alternative to Achieve Better Sprint Performance in Field Hockey Players. Sensors (Basel). 2023 Jan 6;23(2):650. doi: 10.3390/s23020650.
- Background: PubMed 38604988Wang J, Wang Y, Jiang Y, Li S, Jia X, Xiao X, Sun W, Wang P, Zhang Q. Datasets-Based IMPDH1 Revisited: Heterozygous Missense Variants for Dominant Retinitis Pigmentosa While Truncation Variants Are Likely Non-Pathogenic. Curr Eye Res. 2024 Aug;49(8):853-861. doi: 10.1080/02713683.2024.2336158. Epub 2024 Apr 11.
- Background: PubMed 26313573DiStefano LJ, Martinez JC, Crowley E, Matteau E, Kerner MS, Boling MC, Nguyen AD, Trojian TH. Maturation and Sex Differences in Neuromuscular Characteristics of Youth Athletes. J Strength Cond Res. 2015 Sep;29(9):2465-73. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001052.
- Background: PubMed 38841635Liu G, Wang X, Xu Q. Microdosing Plyometric Training Enhances Jumping Performance, Reactive Strength Index, and Acceleration among Youth Soccer Players: A Randomized Controlled Study Design. J Sports Sci Med. 2024 Jun 1;23(2):342-350. doi: 10.52082/jssm.2024.342. eCollection 2024 Jun.
- Background: PubMed 38509414Nuzzo JL, Pinto MD, Kirk BJC, Nosaka K. Resistance Exercise Minimal Dose Strategies for Increasing Muscle Strength in the General Population: an Overview. Sports Med. 2024 May;54(5):1139-1162. doi: 10.1007/s40279-024-02009-0. Epub 2024 Mar 20.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 41645335Skorik M, Kalina T, Pupis M, Hruby M. The impact of microdosed plyometric training on speed and explosive abilities of football players during the pre-season. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2026 Feb 5;18(1):116. doi: 10.1186/s13102-026-01556-5.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. De-identified individual participant data (IPD), including pre- and post-intervention performance outcomes (e.g., jump height, reactive strength index, sprint performance, change-of-direction test results), will be shared. No personally identifying information will be included. Data will be shared through an open repository such as OSF (Open Science Framework) or Zenodo. The link will be provided upon availability.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Martin Pupiš study chair
Faculty of Sport Science and Health, Matej Bel University
Marián Škorik principal investigator
Faculty of Sport Science and Health, Matej Bel University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Traditional group training program and Micro-dosed group training program in people with Plyometric Exercises and Soccer Performance, run by Matej Bel University at 1 site in Czechia.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 26 Sep 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Czechia. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in countermovement jump (CMJ) jump height (time frame: Baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention.). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07193706, which also lists 7 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 26 Sep 2025.