Music ExposureNCT07358871
Testing the Effects of Music on Short and Long Term Psychological Outcomes and Step Counts in Children
A study testing Music in Sport Based Youth Development and No Music Exposure in people with Music Exposure, run by Indiana University at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate whether asynchronous music can improve outcomes of an 8-week long sport based youth development program. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does music increase step count during each lesson? Does music create a larger improvement in affective valence, arousal… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 10 to 12 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Music Exposure
- What is being tested?
- Music in Sport Based Youth Development and No Music Exposure
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 26 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 17 Feb 2026to 8 May 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 10 to 12 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child
Who may be able to join
- Currently enrolled in 5th or 6th grade at Clear Creek Elementary
- have parental consent to participate
- agree to study participation (verbal assent)
- planning to attend all school days during the 8-week program period
- enrolled in PE for the semester
Who cannot join
- not already participating in Hoosier Sport/PE at Clear Creek Christian School
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
Clear Creek Christian School
Bloomington, Indiana, 47403
About this study
Official title: Testing the Effects of Music on Short-Term Changes in Affective Valence, Arousal, and RPE, Long Term Changes in Enjoyment, Motivation, and Commitment to Physical Activity, and Step Counts in Children
The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate whether asynchronous music can improve outcomes of an 8-week long sport based youth development program. The main questions it aims to answer are:
- Does music increase step count during each lesson?
- Does music create a larger improvement in affective valence, arousal, and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) during each lesson?
- Does music create a long term improvement in enjoyment, commitment, and intrinsic motivation to exercise?
- Does music show more improvement among sedentary participants versus active participants? Researchers will compare the results from the experimental group, which is exposed to music, to the control group, which is not exposed to music.
Read more
Participants will:
- Participate in the sport based youth development program, Hoosier Sport, during their school's physical education class once a week for 8 weeks.
- Respond to 3 questions regarding affective valence, arousal, and RPE before and after each lesson.
- Complete a detailed survey regarding basic demographics, their music preferences, enjoyment of exercise, motivation to exercise, commitment to exercise, and current activity levels before the intervention.
- Complete the same sections regarding enjoyment of exercise, motivation to exercise, and commitment to exercise at a mid and end point of the intervention.
Read the detailed description
30+ students (5th-6th grade) from Clear Creek Christian School (CCCS) will be recruited to participate in the present study for the Spring of 2026. This group will participate in Hoosier Sport lessons that take place during their scheduled PE time at CCCS once a week for 8 weeks.
Hoosier Sport intervention components include sport participation and leadership development activities. Hoosier Sport is a part of Clear Creek Christian School's regular PE classes and is separate from this study procedure. Classes will be divided into classes with music (experimental group) and classes without music (control group) and will remain in these categories for the duration of the intervention. Students will be blinded to the purpose of this experiment to avoid performance bias and the expectation of music during classes in the control group. The Hoosier Sport curriculum will remain the same for both groups. In the classes with music, music will be played during drills and games and paused during instruction. The music will be upbeat, 120+ beats per minute, and school appropriate. The research team will incorporate students' music preferences where possible.
Once participants express interest in joining the study, the research team will set up a phone call to obtain consent and assent. There will be a survey for participants to take prior to the start of the intervention. Included in this survey are questions about basic demographics, music preferences, the physical activity section of the Global School Based Health Survey (GSHS) to determine active versus sedentary students, the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale Short Version (PACES-S) to determine their enjoyment of physical activity, the enjoyment/interest subsection of the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) to determine levels of motivation to exercise, and the Commitment to Physical Activity Scale for Adolescents (CPASA) to determine commitment to exercise. Before and after each Hoosier Sport lesson, the children will complete the Feeling Scale, Felt Arousal Scale, and rate of perceived exertion (1 question each) to determine their current affect, activation levels, and effort. The students will complete the PACES-S, IMI Enjoyment/Interest subsection, and CPASA after week 4 and week 8 of the intervention. During each lesson, students will wear Yamax SW-200 pedometers to track their step counts, which will be returned at the end of each lesson.
- Conditions
- Music Exposure
- Being tested
- Music in Sport Based Youth Development, No Music Exposure
- Keywords
- Sport Based Youth Development, Children, Asynchronous Music
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Music in Sport Based Youth DevelopmentBehavioural
The intervention being tested is the use of music during Hoosier Sport lessons. Asynchronous music that is 120+ beats per minute, generally upbeat, and school appropriate will be played during the experimental group's drills and games. The experimental group will be exposed to this music for each lesson throughout the 8-week intervention.
No Music ExposureBehavioural
This group will participate in the Hoosier Sport program with no exposure to music.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| No Music | Active comparator | The control group will participate in the Hoosier Sport program during their school's physical education class, which consists of sport curriculums, leadership development, and health lessons. Participants will complete this with no exposure to music. Receives: Behavioral: No Music Exposure |
| Music | Experimental | The experimental group will participate in the Hoosier Sport program during their school's physical education class, which consists of sport curriculums, leadership development, and health lessons. This group will complete this program with asynchronous music during drills and games. Receives: Behavioral: Music in Sport Based Youth Development |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Step Count
Step counts during Hoosier Sport lessons will be measured using Yamax SW-200 Digi Walker pedometers.
Measured: 8 weeks
Secondary outcomes (6)
Affective Valence
Participants will complete the Feeling Scale before and after each Hoosier Sport lesson to measure any changes in affective valence.
Measured: 8 weeks
Activation
Participants will complete the Felt Arousal Scale before and after each Hoosier Sport lesson to measure any changes in their activation during each session.
Measured: 8 weeks
Rate of Perceived Exertion
Participants will specify their rate of perceived exertion after each Hoosier Sport lesson to determine their effort during the session.
Measured: 8 weeks
Commitment to Physical Activity
Participants will fill out the Commitment to Physical Activity Scale for Adolescents pre, mid, and post intervention to determine their commitment to physical activity.
Measured: 8 weeks
Enjoyment of Physical Activity
Participants will complete the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale Short Version pre, mid, and post intervention to determine how much they enjoy physical activity.
Measured: 8 weeks
Motivation to Exercise
Participants will complete the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory- Enjoyment/Interest Subsection pre, mid, and post intervention to determine their levels of motivation to exercise.
Measured: 8 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted22 Jan 2026
- Study start17 Feb 2026
- Primary completion8 May 2026
- Study completion8 May 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (6)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Music ExposureStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Indiana UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 26 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Indiana University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Kyle A. Kercher, Indiana University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07358871
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 27934
- Status last verified
- Jun 2026
- First submitted
- 14 Jan 2026
- Last updated
- 8 Jun 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Robbins LB, Ling J, Wesolek SM, Kazanis AS, Bourne KA, Resnicow K. Reliability and Validity of the Commitment to Physical Activity Scale for Adolescents. Am J Health Promot. 2017 Jul;31(4):343-352. doi: 10.4278/ajhp.150114-QUAN-665. Epub 2016 Nov 17.
PubMed 26730556Chen C, Weyland S, Fritsch J, Woll A, Niessner C, Burchartz A, Schmidt SCE, Jekauc D. A Short Version of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale: Development and Psychometric Properties. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Oct 20;18(21):11035. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111035.
PubMed 34769552Bastos V, Rodrigues F, Davis P, Teixeira DS. Assessing affective valence and activation in resistance training with the feeling scale and the felt arousal scale: A systematic review. PLoS One. 2023 Nov 16;18(11):e0294529. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294529. eCollection 2023.
PubMed 37972201Terry PC, Karageorghis CI, Curran ML, Martin OV, Parsons-Smith RL. Effects of music in exercise and sport: A meta-analytic review. Psychol Bull. 2020 Feb;146(2):91-117. doi: 10.1037/bul0000216. Epub 2019 Dec 5.
PubMed 31804098Barney, D., & Prusak, K. A. (2015). Effects of music on physical activity rates of elementary physical education students. The Physical Educator, 72, 236-244.
Bassett, J., West, S., & Shores, K. (2011). The Effects of Asynchronous Music on the Physical Activities of Youth in Supervised Recreation Activities. Journal of Park & Recreation Administration, 29(1).
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 8 Jun 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Testing the Effects of Music on Short-Term Changes in Affective Valence, Arousal, and RPE, Long Term Changes in Enjoyment, Motivation, and Commitment to Physical Activity, and Step Counts in Children
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07358871
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 27934
- Conditions
- Music Exposure
- Keywords
- Sport Based Youth Development, Children, Asynchronous Music
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 26 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Indiana UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 17 Feb 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 8 May 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 8 May 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 22 Jan 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate whether asynchronous music can improve outcomes of an 8-week long sport based youth development program. The main questions it aims to answer are:
- Does music increase step count during each lesson?
- Does music create a larger improvement in affective valence, arousal, and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) during each lesson?
- Does music create a long term improvement in enjoyment, commitment, and intrinsic motivation to exercise?
- Does music show more improvement among sedentary participants versus active participants? Researchers will compare the results from the experimental group, which is exposed to music, to the control group, which is not exposed to music.
Participants will:
- Participate in the sport based youth development program, Hoosier Sport, during their school's physical education class once a week for 8 weeks.
- Respond to 3 questions regarding affective valence, arousal, and RPE before and after each lesson.
- Complete a detailed survey regarding basic demographics, their music preferences, enjoyment of exercise, motivation to exercise, commitment to exercise, and current activity levels before the intervention.
- Complete the same sections regarding enjoyment of exercise, motivation to exercise, and commitment to exercise at a mid and end point of the intervention.
Detailed description
30+ students (5th-6th grade) from Clear Creek Christian School (CCCS) will be recruited to participate in the present study for the Spring of 2026. This group will participate in Hoosier Sport lessons that take place during their scheduled PE time at CCCS once a week for 8 weeks.
Hoosier Sport intervention components include sport participation and leadership development activities. Hoosier Sport is a part of Clear Creek Christian School's regular PE classes and is separate from this study procedure. Classes will be divided into classes with music (experimental group) and classes without music (control group) and will remain in these categories for the duration of the intervention. Students will be blinded to the purpose of this experiment to avoid performance bias and the expectation of music during classes in the control group. The Hoosier Sport curriculum will remain the same for both groups. In the classes with music, music will be played during drills and games and paused during instruction. The music will be upbeat, 120+ beats per minute, and school appropriate. The research team will incorporate students' music preferences where possible.
Once participants express interest in joining the study, the research team will set up a phone call to obtain consent and assent. There will be a survey for participants to take prior to the start of the intervention. Included in this survey are questions about basic demographics, music preferences, the physical activity section of the Global School Based Health Survey (GSHS) to determine active versus sedentary students, the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale Short Version (PACES-S) to determine their enjoyment of physical activity, the enjoyment/interest subsection of the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) to determine levels of motivation to exercise, and the Commitment to Physical Activity Scale for Adolescents (CPASA) to determine commitment to exercise. Before and after each Hoosier Sport lesson, the children will complete the Feeling Scale, Felt Arousal Scale, and rate of perceived exertion (1 question each) to determine their current affect, activation levels, and effort. The students will complete the PACES-S, IMI Enjoyment/Interest subsection, and CPASA after week 4 and week 8 of the intervention. During each lesson, students will wear Yamax SW-200 pedometers to track their step counts, which will be returned at the end of each lesson.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| No Music | Active comparator | Behavioral: No Music ExposureThe control group will participate in the Hoosier Sport program during their school's physical education class, which consists of sport curriculums, leadership development, and health lessons. Participants will complete this with no exposure to music. |
| Music | Experimental | Behavioral: Music in Sport Based Youth DevelopmentThe experimental group will participate in the Hoosier Sport program during their school's physical education class, which consists of sport curriculums, leadership development, and health lessons. This group will complete this program with asynchronous music during drills and games. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 10 to 12 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Currently enrolled in 5th or 6th grade at Clear Creek Elementary
- have parental consent to participate
- agree to study participation (verbal assent)
- planning to attend all school days during the 8-week program period
- enrolled in PE for the semester
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- not already participating in Hoosier Sport/PE at Clear Creek Christian School
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Music in Sport Based Youth DevelopmentThe intervention being tested is the use of music during Hoosier Sport lessons. Asynchronous music that is 120+ beats per minute, generally upbeat, and school appropriate will be played during the experimental group's drills and games. The experimental group will be exposed to this music for each lesson throughout the 8-week intervention. | Behavioural | Music |
| No Music ExposureThis group will participate in the Hoosier Sport program with no exposure to music. | Behavioural | No Music |
Primary outcome
Step Count
Time frame: 8 weeks
Step counts during Hoosier Sport lessons will be measured using Yamax SW-200 Digi Walker pedometers.
6 secondary outcomes
Affective Valence
Time frame: 8 weeks
Activation
Time frame: 8 weeks
Rate of Perceived Exertion
Time frame: 8 weeks
Commitment to Physical Activity
Time frame: 8 weeks
Enjoyment of Physical Activity
Time frame: 8 weeks
Motivation to Exercise
Time frame: 8 weeks
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 8 Jun 2026.
- Background: PubMed 26730556Robbins LB, Ling J, Wesolek SM, Kazanis AS, Bourne KA, Resnicow K. Reliability and Validity of the Commitment to Physical Activity Scale for Adolescents. Am J Health Promot. 2017 Jul;31(4):343-352. doi: 10.4278/ajhp.150114-QUAN-665. Epub 2016 Nov 17.
- Background: PubMed 34769552Chen C, Weyland S, Fritsch J, Woll A, Niessner C, Burchartz A, Schmidt SCE, Jekauc D. A Short Version of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale: Development and Psychometric Properties. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Oct 20;18(21):11035. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111035.
- Background: PubMed 37972201Bastos V, Rodrigues F, Davis P, Teixeira DS. Assessing affective valence and activation in resistance training with the feeling scale and the felt arousal scale: A systematic review. PLoS One. 2023 Nov 16;18(11):e0294529. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294529. eCollection 2023.
- Background: PubMed 31804098Terry PC, Karageorghis CI, Curran ML, Martin OV, Parsons-Smith RL. Effects of music in exercise and sport: A meta-analytic review. Psychol Bull. 2020 Feb;146(2):91-117. doi: 10.1037/bul0000216. Epub 2019 Dec 5.
- BackgroundBarney, D., & Prusak, K. A. (2015). Effects of music on physical activity rates of elementary physical education students. The Physical Educator, 72, 236-244.
- BackgroundBassett, J., West, S., & Shores, K. (2011). The Effects of Asynchronous Music on the Physical Activities of Youth in Supervised Recreation Activities. Journal of Park & Recreation Administration, 29(1).
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Music in Sport Based Youth Development and No Music Exposure in people with Music Exposure, run by Indiana University at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 8 Jun 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Step Count (time frame: 8 weeks). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07358871, which also lists 6 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 8 Jun 2026.