Type 2 DiabetesINTERCEPTNCT07417618
INcreTin-based thERapies for Cardiovascular Event PrevenTion in Patients With and Without ASCVD (INTERCEPT-ASCVD)
An observational study of Type 2 Diabetes and Overweight, run by Brigham and Women's Hospital at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
Investigators are building an empirical evidence base for real world data through large-scale emulation of randomized controlled trials. The investigators' goal is to understand for what types of clinical questions real world data analyses can be conducted with confidence and how to implement such studies. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Type 2 Diabetes, Overweight, ASCVD
- What is being tested?
- Dulaglutide, Semaglutide and Tirzepatide
- How many people
- 60,000 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 27 Jan 2026to 19 Jun 2026
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: Individuals with T2DM and overweight with (or without) ASCVD.
Who may be able to join
- History of ASCVD (defined as MI, ACS, stable/unstable angina surgical or percutaneous coronary/other arterial revascularization procedure, ischemic stroke, TIA, aortic aneurysm, peripheral artery disease)
- BMI >= 25.0kg/m2
- Type 2 Diabetes
- BMI >=25.0kg/m2
- Type 2 diabetes
Who cannot join
- Medullary thyroid carcinoma
- MEN syndrome type 2
- Malignancy
- Type 1 diabetes or secondary diabetes
- End-stage renal disease or dialysis
- Uncontrolled diabetic retinopathy or maculopathy
Show all 23Show fewer
- Pregnancy
- Bariatric surgery
- Prior use of pramlintide, or any GLP-1RA except injectable semaglutide/tirzepatide/dulaglutide, or any DPP4i except sitagliptin
- CV-event or intervention
- Concurrent use of both study drugs
- POPULATION WITHOUT ASCVD
- History of ASCVD (defined as MI, ACS, stable/unstable angina surgical or percutaneous coronary/other arterial revascularization procedure, ischemic stroke, TIA, aortic aneurysm, peripheral artery disease)
- Medullary thyroid carcinoma
- MEN syndrome type 2
- Malignancy
- Type 1 diabetes or secondary diabetes
- End-stage renal disease or dialysis
- Uncontrolled diabetic retinopathy or maculopathy
- Pregnancy
- Bariatric surgery
- Prior use of pramlintide, or any GLP-1RA except injectable semaglutide/tirzepatide/dulaglutide, or any DPP4i except sitagliptin
- Concurrent use of both study drugs
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
Brigham and Women's Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts, 02120
About this study
Official title: Comparative Effectiveness of Dulaglutide, Semaglutide, and Tirzepatide in Preventing Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity With or Without Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease.
Investigators are building an empirical evidence base for real world data through large-scale emulation of randomized controlled trials. The investigators' goal is to understand for what types of clinical questions real world data analyses can be conducted with confidence and how to implement such studies.
Read the detailed description
This is a non-randomized, non-interventional study that is part of the Randomized Controlled Trials Duplicated Using Prospective Longitudinal Insurance Claims: Applying Techniques of Epidemiology (RCT-DUPLICATE) initiative (www.rctduplicate.org) of the Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated cardiovascular benefits of the modern incretin therapies semaglutide and tirzepatide in selected populations. SUSTAIN-6 (NCT01720446) and SURPASS-CVOT (NCT04255433) showed reductions in cardiovascular events with semaglutide and tirzepatide among patients with T2DM at high cardiovascular risk, findings that were also replicated in clinical practice settings (NCT06659744, NCT07088718). The REWIND trial (NCT01394952) demonstrated similar cardiovascular efficacy for dulaglutide and suggested benefit in both patients with and without prior cardiovascular disease.4 These findings raise the broader question of whether cardiovascular benefits of modern incretin therapies extend to individuals without established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) when used in routine clinical practice.
To address this question, this comparative effectiveness study using a target trial emulation framework will assess the incretin therapies dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin (used as an active comparator placebo proxy) on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and overweight with or without ASCVD.
Although many features of the target trial cannot be directly replicated in healthcare claims, measurements of key design features, including outcomes, exposures, and inclusion/exclusion criteria, were designed to proxy those features from the target trial. Randomization cannot be achieved in healthcare claims data but was proxied through a statistical balancing of measured covariates according to standard practice.
The database analyses will be new-user active-comparative studies, conducted using 3 national United States claims databases, where we compare the effect of dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin on preventing atherosclerotic cardiovascular events.
- Conditions
- Type 2 Diabetes, Overweight, ASCVD
- Being tested
- Dulaglutide, Semaglutide, Tirzepatide, Sitagliptin
- Medical subject headings
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Overweight
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
DulaglutideDrug
Initiation of dulaglutide dispensing claim is used as the exposure.
SemaglutideDrug
Initiation of semaglutide dispensing claim is used as the exposure.
TirzepatideDrug
Initiation of tirzepatide dispensing claim is used as the exposure.
SitagliptinDrug
Initiation of sitagliptin dispensing claim is used as the reference.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Initiation of dulaglutide, semaglutide or tirzepatide | Exposure group. Receives: Drug: Dulaglutide; Drug: Semaglutide; Drug: Tirzepatide | |
| Initiation of sitagliptin | Reference group. Receives: Drug: Sitagliptin |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or all-cause mortality (with ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or all-cause mortality in individuals with T2DM and overweight with ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Composite of myocardial infarction, or stroke (with ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the composite of myocardial infarction or stroke in individuals with T2DM and overweight with ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or all-cause mortality (without ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or all-cause mortality in individuals with T2DM and overweight without ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Composite of myocardial infarction, or stroke (without ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the composite of myocardial infarction or stroke in individuals with T2DM and overweight without ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Secondary outcomes (24)
Myocardial infarction (with ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the occurrence of myocardial infarction in individuals with T2DM and overweight with ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Stroke (with ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the occurrence of stroke in individuals with T2DM and overweight with ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
All-cause mortality (with ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the occurrence of all-cause mortality in individuals with T2DM and overweight with ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, or coronary revascularization (with ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, or coronary revascularization in individuals with T2DM and overweight with ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, coronary revascularization, or hospitalization for heart failure (with ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, coronary revascularization, or hospitalization for heart failure in individuals with T2DM and overweight with ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Unstable angina (with ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the occurrence of unstable angina in individuals with T2DM and overweight with ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Coronary revascularization (with ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the occurrence of coronary revascularization in individuals with T2DM and overweight with ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Hospitalization for heart failure (with ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the occurrence of hospitalization for heart failure in individuals with T2DM and overweight with ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Time to first hospitalization for any cause (with ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of time to first hospitalization for any cause in individuals with T2DM and overweight with ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Myocardial infarction (without ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the occurrence of myocardial infarction in individuals with T2DM and overweight without ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Stroke (without ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the occurrence of stroke in individuals with T2DM and overweight without ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
All-cause mortality (without ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the occurrence of all-cause mortality in individuals with T2DM and overweight without ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, or coronary revascularization (without ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, or coronary revascularization in individuals with T2DM and overweight without ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, coronary revascularization, or hospitalization for heart failure (without ASCVD).
Hazard ratio of the composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, coronary revascularization, or hospitalization for heart failure in individuals with T2DM and overweight without ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Unstable angina (without ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the occurrence of unstable angina in individuals with T2DM and overweight without ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Coronary revascularization (without ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the occurrence of coronary revascularization in individuals with T2DM and overweight without ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Hospitalization for heart failure (without ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the occurrence of hospitalization for heart failure in individuals with T2DM and overweight without ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Time to first hospitalization for any cause (without ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of time to first hospitalization for any cause in individuals with T2DM and overweight without ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Urinary tract infections (with ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the safety outcome of urinary tract infections in individuals with T2DM and overweight with ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Serious infections (with ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the safety outcome of serious infections in individuals with T2DM and overweight with ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Gastrointestinal adverse events (with ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the safety outcome of gastrointestinal adverse events in individuals with T2DM and overweight with ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Urinary tract infections (without ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the safety outcome of urinary tract infections in individuals with T2DM and overweight without ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Serious infections (without ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the safety outcome of serious infections in individuals with T2DM and overweight without ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Gastrointestinal adverse events (without ASCVD)
Hazard ratio of the safety outcome of gastrointestinal adverse events in individuals with T2DM and overweight without ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Measured: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted18 Feb 2026
- Study start27 Jan 2026
- Primary completion19 Jun 2026
- Study completion19 Jun 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Type 2 DiabetesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Brigham and Women's HospitalThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Retrospective
- Enrolment
- 60,000 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Brigham and Women's Hospital
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Shirley Vichy Wang, Brigham and Women's Hospital
- Investigators
- Shirley Wang, PhD, ScM, Principal investigator, Brigham and Women's HospitalNils Krüger, MD, Principal investigator, Brigham and Women's Hospital
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07417618
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2018P002966-INTERCEPT-ASCVD
- Acronym
- INTERCEPT
- Status last verified
- Feb 2026
- First submitted
- 11 Feb 2026
- Last updated
- 9 Jul 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- Yes
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 9 Jul 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparative Effectiveness of Dulaglutide, Semaglutide, and Tirzepatide in Preventing Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity With or Without Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07417618
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- INTERCEPT / 2018P002966-INTERCEPT-ASCVD
- Conditions
- Type 2 Diabetes, Overweight, ASCVD
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 60,000 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Brigham and Women's HospitalUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 27 Jan 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 19 Jun 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 19 Jun 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 18 Feb 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Investigators are building an empirical evidence base for real world data through large-scale emulation of randomized controlled trials. The investigators' goal is to understand for what types of clinical questions real world data analyses can be conducted with confidence and how to implement such studies.
Detailed description
This is a non-randomized, non-interventional study that is part of the Randomized Controlled Trials Duplicated Using Prospective Longitudinal Insurance Claims: Applying Techniques of Epidemiology (RCT-DUPLICATE) initiative (www.rctduplicate.org) of the Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated cardiovascular benefits of the modern incretin therapies semaglutide and tirzepatide in selected populations. SUSTAIN-6 (NCT01720446) and SURPASS-CVOT (NCT04255433) showed reductions in cardiovascular events with semaglutide and tirzepatide among patients with T2DM at high cardiovascular risk, findings that were also replicated in clinical practice settings (NCT06659744, NCT07088718). The REWIND trial (NCT01394952) demonstrated similar cardiovascular efficacy for dulaglutide and suggested benefit in both patients with and without prior cardiovascular disease.4 These findings raise the broader question of whether cardiovascular benefits of modern incretin therapies extend to individuals without established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) when used in routine clinical practice.
To address this question, this comparative effectiveness study using a target trial emulation framework will assess the incretin therapies dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin (used as an active comparator placebo proxy) on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and overweight with or without ASCVD.
Although many features of the target trial cannot be directly replicated in healthcare claims, measurements of key design features, including outcomes, exposures, and inclusion/exclusion criteria, were designed to proxy those features from the target trial. Randomization cannot be achieved in healthcare claims data but was proxied through a statistical balancing of measured covariates according to standard practice.
The database analyses will be new-user active-comparative studies, conducted using 3 national United States claims databases, where we compare the effect of dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin on preventing atherosclerotic cardiovascular events.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Retrospective
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Initiation of dulaglutide, semaglutide or tirzepatide | – | Drug: Dulaglutide, Drug: Semaglutide, Drug: TirzepatideExposure group. |
| Initiation of sitagliptin | – | Drug: SitagliptinReference group. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- Individuals with T2DM and overweight with (or without) ASCVD.
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- History of ASCVD (defined as MI, ACS, stable/unstable angina surgical or percutaneous coronary/other arterial revascularization procedure, ischemic stroke, TIA, aortic aneurysm, peripheral artery disease)
- BMI >= 25.0kg/m2
- Type 2 Diabetes
- BMI >=25.0kg/m2
- Type 2 diabetes
Key exclusion criteria (23 listed)
- Medullary thyroid carcinoma
- MEN syndrome type 2
- Malignancy
- Type 1 diabetes or secondary diabetes
- End-stage renal disease or dialysis
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| DulaglutideInitiation of dulaglutide dispensing claim is used as the exposure. | Drug | Initiation of dulaglutide, semaglutide or tirzepatide |
| SemaglutideInitiation of semaglutide dispensing claim is used as the exposure. | Drug | Initiation of dulaglutide, semaglutide or tirzepatide |
| TirzepatideInitiation of tirzepatide dispensing claim is used as the exposure. | Drug | Initiation of dulaglutide, semaglutide or tirzepatide |
| SitagliptinInitiation of sitagliptin dispensing claim is used as the reference. | Drug | Initiation of sitagliptin |
Primary outcome
Composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or all-cause mortality (with ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Hazard ratio of the composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or all-cause mortality in individuals with T2DM and overweight with ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Composite of myocardial infarction, or stroke (with ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Hazard ratio of the composite of myocardial infarction or stroke in individuals with T2DM and overweight with ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or all-cause mortality (without ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Hazard ratio of the composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or all-cause mortality in individuals with T2DM and overweight without ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
Composite of myocardial infarction, or stroke (without ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Hazard ratio of the composite of myocardial infarction or stroke in individuals with T2DM and overweight without ASCVD, comparing dulaglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide vs sitagliptin.
24 secondary outcomes
Myocardial infarction (with ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Stroke (with ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
All-cause mortality (with ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, or coronary revascularization (with ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, coronary revascularization, or hospitalization for heart failure (with ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Unstable angina (with ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Coronary revascularization (with ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Hospitalization for heart failure (with ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Time to first hospitalization for any cause (with ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Myocardial infarction (without ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Stroke (without ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
All-cause mortality (without ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, or coronary revascularization (without ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, coronary revascularization, or hospitalization for heart failure (without ASCVD).
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Unstable angina (without ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Coronary revascularization (without ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Hospitalization for heart failure (without ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Time to first hospitalization for any cause (without ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Urinary tract infections (with ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Serious infections (with ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Gastrointestinal adverse events (with ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Urinary tract infections (without ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Serious infections (without ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Gastrointestinal adverse events (without ASCVD)
Time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 9 Jul 2026.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Shirley Wang, PhD, ScM principal investigator
Brigham and Women's Hospital
Nils Krüger, MD principal investigator
Brigham and Women's Hospital
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Type 2 Diabetes and Overweight, run by Brigham and Women's Hospital at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 23 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 9 Jul 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or all-cause mortality (with ASCVD) (time frame: Through study completion until first of outcome, disenrollment, end of study period, 365 days after cohort entry, discontinuation (45 days grace and risk window), switch between study arms, nursing home admission, or start of any other GLP-1-RA or DPP4i). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 9 Jul 2026.