Young PeopleNCT07425873
Differences in Shoulder Girdle Muscles in Young Swimmers
An observational study of Young People, run by Istanbul Gelisim University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This research aims to examine the effects of different swimming styles (freestyle, breaststroke, butterfly, and backstroke) on the characteristics of the shoulder girdle muscles in young swimmers. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 12 to 18 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Young People
- What is being tested?
- Measuring of the biomechanical properties of muscles with MyotonPro., Measurement of the length of the upper extremity with a tape measure. and Measuring the range of motion of the upper extremity joints with a digital goniometer.
- How many people
- 28 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 12 Dec 2025to Apr 2026
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 12 to 18 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult
Study population: Young swimmers
Who may be able to join
- Being between 12-18 years old
- Having been involved in at least one swimming style for at least 3 years
- Having participated in at least one competition
- Obtaining parental consent. Obtaining parental consent.
Who cannot join
- Having undergone any surgery on the shoulder girdle muscles.
- Having any orthopedic or physical disorder in the shoulder girdle muscles (e.g., frozen shoulder).
- Participating in another sport besides swimming.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Istanbul Gelisim University
Istanbul, Avcılar, 34310
About this study
Official title: Examination of Differences in Shoulder Girdle Muscles in Young Swimmers According to Swimming Styles
This research aims to examine the effects of different swimming styles (freestyle, breaststroke, butterfly, and backstroke) on the characteristics of the shoulder girdle muscles in young swimmers. Although it is known that shoulder girdle muscles undergo different levels of activation depending on swimming style, studies systematically examining these differences, especially in young swimmers during their developmental years, are limited. Identifying style-based differences in shoulder girdle muscle activation is of great importance for both optimizing training programs and preventing injuries.
- Conditions
- Young People
- Being tested
- Measuring of the biomechanical properties of muscles with MyotonPro., Measurement of the length of the upper extremity with a tape measure., Measuring the range of motion of the upper extremity joints with a digital goniometer.
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Measuring of the biomechanical properties of muscles with MyotonPro.Other
MyotonPro is used to measure the biomechanical properties of muscle. During measurements, participants will be seated in a chair with back support; bilaterally Biomechanical properties (F - Natural Oscillation Frequency [Hz], characterizing Tone or Tension, S - Dynamic Stiffness [N/m], D - Logarithmic Decrement [relative unit], characterizing Elasticity, R - Mechanical Stress Relaxation Time [ms], C - Ratio of Relaxation and Deformation time [relative unit], characterizing Creep) of the anterior, middle and posterior parts of the deltoid muscle and the upper, middle and lower parts of the trapezius muscle were measured using Myoton PRO. All measurements will be compared statistically according to swimming styles.
Measurement of the length of the upper extremity with a tape measure.Other
The measuring tape will be used to measure the swimmers' Right and left arms length (cm) and Arm span (cm). All measurements will be compared statistically according to swimming styles.
Measuring the range of motion of the upper extremity joints with a digital goniometer.Other
Passive range of motion of the upper extremity shoulder joint (flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, external rotation, and internal rotation) will be measured using a digital goniometer. Results will be recorded in degrees (°). All measurements will be compared statistically according to swimming styles.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Breaststroke | Not described Receives: Other: Measuring of the biomechanical properties of muscles with MyotonPro.; Other: Measurement of the length of the upper extremity with a tape measure.; Other: Measuring the range of motion of the upper extremity joints with a digital goniometer. | |
| Freestyle | Not described Receives: Other: Measuring of the biomechanical properties of muscles with MyotonPro.; Other: Measurement of the length of the upper extremity with a tape measure.; Other: Measuring the range of motion of the upper extremity joints with a digital goniometer. | |
| Butterfly | Not described Receives: Other: Measuring of the biomechanical properties of muscles with MyotonPro.; Other: Measurement of the length of the upper extremity with a tape measure.; Other: Measuring the range of motion of the upper extremity joints with a digital goniometer. | |
| Backstroke | Not described Receives: Other: Measuring of the biomechanical properties of muscles with MyotonPro.; Other: Measurement of the length of the upper extremity with a tape measure.; Other: Measuring the range of motion of the upper extremity joints with a digital goniometer. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Measuring the biomechanical properties of muscles with MyotonPro.
bilaterally Biomechanical properties (F - Natural Oscillation Frequency [Hz], characterizing Tone or Tension, S - Dynamic Stiffness [N/m], D - Logarithmic Decrement [relative unit], characterizing Elasticity, R - Mechanical Stress Relaxation Time [ms], C - Ratio of Relaxation and Deformation time [relative unit], characterizing Creep) of the anterior, middle and posterior parts of the deltoid muscle and the upper, middle and lower parts of the trapezius muscle were measured using Myoton PRO.
Measured: From enrollment to the end of measurements at 6 weeks.
Secondary outcomes (2)
Measuring the length and range of motion of the upper extremity using a tape measure.
The measuring tape will be used to measure the swimmers' Right and left arms length (cm) and Arm span (cm).
Measured: From enrollment to the end of measurements at 6 weeks.
Measuring the length and range of motion of the upper extremity using a digital goniometer.
Passive range of motion of the upper extremity shoulder joint (flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, external rotation, and internal rotation) will be measured using a digital goniometer. Results will be recorded in degrees (°)
Measured: From enrollment to the end of measurements at 6 weeks.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted23 Feb 2026
- Study start12 Dec 2025
- Primary completionMar 2026 (estimated)
- Study completionApr 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Young PeopleStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 28 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Istanbul Gelisim University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07425873
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 29.12.2025-2025/12
- Status last verified
- Jan 2026
- First submitted
- 27 Jan 2026
- Last updated
- 27 Mar 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Erturk C, Cimen K, Mutus R, Demirci S, Acar G, Kalpak E, Tangil KB. A comparison of the mechanical properties of the deltoid and trapezius muscles and shoulder range of motion in competitive young swimmers across different swimming strokes. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2026 Aug 5;18(1):401. doi: 10.1186/s13102-026-01946-9.
PubMed 42711721
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 27 Mar 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Examination of Differences in Shoulder Girdle Muscles in Young Swimmers According to Swimming Styles
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07425873
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 29.12.2025-2025/12
- Conditions
- Young People
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Active, not recruiting
- Enrolment
- 28 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Istanbul Gelisim UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 12 Dec 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- Mar 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- Apr 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 23 Feb 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This research aims to examine the effects of different swimming styles (freestyle, breaststroke, butterfly, and backstroke) on the characteristics of the shoulder girdle muscles in young swimmers. Although it is known that shoulder girdle muscles undergo different levels of activation depending on swimming style, studies systematically examining these differences, especially in young swimmers during their developmental years, are limited. Identifying style-based differences in shoulder girdle muscle activation is of great importance for both optimizing training programs and preventing injuries.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Number of arms
- 4
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Breaststroke | – | Other: Measuring of the biomechanical properties of muscles with MyotonPro., Other: Measurement of the length of the upper extremity with a tape measure., Other: Measuring the range of motion of the upper extremity joints with a digital goniometer. |
| Freestyle | – | Other: Measuring of the biomechanical properties of muscles with MyotonPro., Other: Measurement of the length of the upper extremity with a tape measure., Other: Measuring the range of motion of the upper extremity joints with a digital goniometer. |
| Butterfly | – | Other: Measuring of the biomechanical properties of muscles with MyotonPro., Other: Measurement of the length of the upper extremity with a tape measure., Other: Measuring the range of motion of the upper extremity joints with a digital goniometer. |
| Backstroke | – | Other: Measuring of the biomechanical properties of muscles with MyotonPro., Other: Measurement of the length of the upper extremity with a tape measure., Other: Measuring the range of motion of the upper extremity joints with a digital goniometer. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 12 to 18 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
- Study population
- Young swimmers
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Being between 12-18 years old
- Having been involved in at least one swimming style for at least 3 years
- Having participated in at least one competition
- Obtaining parental consent. Obtaining parental consent.
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Having undergone any surgery on the shoulder girdle muscles.
- Having any orthopedic or physical disorder in the shoulder girdle muscles (e.g., frozen shoulder).
- Participating in another sport besides swimming.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Measuring of the biomechanical properties of muscles with MyotonPro.MyotonPro is used to measure the biomechanical properties of muscle. During measurements, participants will be seated in a chair with back support; bilaterally Biomechanical properties (F - Natural Oscillation Frequency [Hz], characterizing Tone or Tension, S - Dynamic Stiffness [N/m], D - Logarithmic Decrement [relative unit], characterizing Elasticity, R - Mechanical Stress Relaxation Time [ms], C - Ratio of Relaxation and Deformation time [relative unit], characterizing Creep) of the anterior, middle and posterior parts of the deltoid muscle and the upper, middle and lower parts of the trapezius muscle were measured using Myoton PRO. All measurements will be compared statistically according to swimming styles. | Other | Backstroke, Breaststroke, Butterfly, Freestyle |
| Measurement of the length of the upper extremity with a tape measure.The measuring tape will be used to measure the swimmers' Right and left arms length (cm) and Arm span (cm). All measurements will be compared statistically according to swimming styles. | Other | Backstroke, Breaststroke, Butterfly, Freestyle |
| Measuring the range of motion of the upper extremity joints with a digital goniometer.Passive range of motion of the upper extremity shoulder joint (flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, external rotation, and internal rotation) will be measured using a digital goniometer. Results will be recorded in degrees (°). All measurements will be compared statistically according to swimming styles. | Other | Backstroke, Breaststroke, Butterfly, Freestyle |
Primary outcome
Measuring the biomechanical properties of muscles with MyotonPro.
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of measurements at 6 weeks.
bilaterally Biomechanical properties (F - Natural Oscillation Frequency [Hz], characterizing Tone or Tension, S - Dynamic Stiffness [N/m], D - Logarithmic Decrement [relative unit], characterizing Elasticity, R - Mechanical Stress Relaxation Time [ms], C - Ratio of Relaxation and Deformation time [relative unit], characterizing Creep) of the anterior, middle and posterior parts of the deltoid muscle and the upper, middle and lower parts of the trapezius muscle were measured using Myoton PRO.
2 secondary outcomes
Measuring the length and range of motion of the upper extremity using a tape measure.
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of measurements at 6 weeks.
Measuring the length and range of motion of the upper extremity using a digital goniometer.
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of measurements at 6 weeks.
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 27 Mar 2026.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 42711721Erturk C, Cimen K, Mutus R, Demirci S, Acar G, Kalpak E, Tangil KB. A comparison of the mechanical properties of the deltoid and trapezius muscles and shoulder range of motion in competitive young swimmers across different swimming strokes. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2026 Aug 5;18(1):401. doi: 10.1186/s13102-026-01946-9.
- Related InfoLink provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Young People, run by Istanbul Gelisim University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: under way, not looking for participants, as of the sponsor's last update on 27 Mar 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Measuring the biomechanical properties of muscles with MyotonPro. (time frame: From enrollment to the end of measurements at 6 weeks.). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07425873, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 27 Mar 2026.