PainNCT07427862
Virtual Reality (VR) for Interventional Radiology (IR) Procedures
An observational study of Pain and Procedural Anxiety, run by Children's Hospital Los Angeles at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
The goal of this clinical trial is to to utilize Virtual Reality during their interventional radiology procedure to help reduce any pain and anxiety experienced during the procedure in patients above the age of 8 undergoing interventional radiology procedures. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 8 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Pain, Procedural Anxiety
- What is being tested?
- Meta Oculus Quest Pro, Pico 4 and Pico G3
- Type of treatment
- Medical device
- How many people
- 500 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 1 Mar 2026to 1 Sep 2026
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 8 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Study population: Pediatric and adult patients undergoing interventional radiology (IR) procedures at Children's Hospital Los Angeles (CHLA), along with legal guardians of participating pediatric patients
Who may be able to join
- Children who are at least 8 years old
- Children who are English speaking with caregivers who are English speaking or Spanish speaking.
- Children who are undergoing an interventional radiology procedure are eligible to participate in this project.
- Only children who are in the normal range of development will be recruited for this study. This will be assessed by report from the parents. The rationale for excluding patients with developmental delay is that due to their cognitive impairments, such children react to the stressors of surgery differently than do children without such developmental delay. It is unclear how such children would use the interventions included in this study, and it is likely that their responses on baseline and outcome measures will differ from children of normal developmental parameters.
Who cannot join
- Children who are currently taking pain medication or anxiolytic medication will be excluded from this study.
- Children with a psychiatric disorder, organic brain syndrome, intellectual disability, or other known cognitive/neurological disorders
- Children with visual, auditory, or tactile deficits that would interfere with the ability to complete the experimental tasks
- Children with a history of seizure disorder.
- Children currently sick with flu-like symptoms or experiencing a headache or earache.
- Children with known or suspected motion sickness.
- Children with cochlear implants or pacemakers.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
United States1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Children's Hospital Los Angeles
Los Angeles, California, 90027
Jeffrey Gold, PhD, 323-361-4342, jgold@chla.usc.edu
About this study
The goal of this clinical trial is to to utilize Virtual Reality during their interventional radiology procedure to help reduce any pain and anxiety experienced during the procedure in patients above the age of 8 undergoing interventional radiology procedures. The main questions it aims to answer are:
- To determine if Virtual Reality is more effective than standard care for reducing pain and anxiety in children undergoing painful interventional radiology procedures. It is hypothesized that children in the Virtual Reality condition will experience reduced pain and anxiety compared to children receiving standard of care.
- To evaluate caregiver's assessment of patient distress and their satisfaction with Virtual Reality compared to standard of care. It is hypothesized that caregiver satisfaction with the medical procedure will be significantly greater in the Virtual Reality group compared to the standard of care group. It is hypothesized that caregivers will perceive lower pain/anxiety when their child receives Virtual Reality compared to standard of care.
Participants will complete pre and post surveys before and after interventional radiology procedures. Participants will use Virtual Reality headsets while undergoing procedure.
- Conditions
- Pain, Procedural Anxiety
- Being tested
- Meta Oculus Quest Pro, Pico 4, Pico G3
- Keywords
- Virtual reality, Interventional radiology, Procedural Anxiety, Pain, Pediatrics
- Medical subject headings
- Pain
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Meta Oculus Quest ProDevice
Participants 10 and older can use the Meta Oculus Quest Pro headset. The headset contains content that is appropriate for patients of 10 and older with no developmental delays. The visual a bright, vibrant color and a quality image. The Virtual reality game is equipped enables the player to look around the virtual environment. In addition, there is the option to interact with the Virtual reality environment using a handheld remote. Therefore, the child will be receiving distraction via 3-D visual and auditory sensory, and tactile feedback, thus supplying a multi-sensory immersive experience. While wearing these glasses, the children only can see the Head-Mounted Display screen so that the immersion and presence will be increased. The Virtual reality glasses will be sanitized before every use so that the chance of infection will be minimized.
Pico 4Device
Participants 8-18 can use the Pico 4 headset. The headset contains content that is appropriate for patients aged 8-18 with no developmental delays. The visual a bright, vibrant color and a quality image. The Virtual reality game is equipped enables the player to look around the virtual environment. In addition, there is the option to interact with the Virtual reality environment using a handheld remote. Therefore, the child will be receiving distraction via 3-D visual and auditory sensory, and tactile feedback, thus supplying a multi-sensory immersive experience. While wearing these glasses, the children only can see the Head-Mounted Display screen so that the immersion and presence will be increased. The Virtual reality glasses will be sanitized before every use so that the chance of infection will be minimized.
Pico G3Device
Participants 13 and older can use the Pico G3 headset. The headset contains content that is appropriate for patients of 13 and older with no developmental delays. The visual a bright, vibrant color and a quality image. The Virtual reality game is equipped enables the player to look around the virtual environment. In addition, there is the option to interact with the Virtual reality environment using a handheld remote. Therefore, the child will be receiving distraction via 3-D visual and auditory sensory, and tactile feedback, thus supplying a multi-sensory immersive experience. While wearing these glasses, the children only can see the Head-Mounted Display screen so that the immersion and presence will be increased. The Virtual reality glasses will be sanitized before every use so that the chance of infection will be minimized.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Use of Virtual Reality | Five minutes before the procedure and wear it throughout the procedure and can keep it on up to two minutes after procedure. Receives: Device: Meta Oculus Quest Pro; Device: Pico 4; Device: Pico G3 |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Mean Change from baseline in Pain Intensity During Interventional Radiology Procedures
Pain intensity will be assessed using the Faces Pain Scale - Revised (FPS-R), a validated self-report measure for children. The scale will be administered immediately before and after the intervention to evaluate changes in pain levels. Mean differences will be analyzed through paired samples t-test. 6 different faces representing various intensities of pain, ranging from "no pain" to "very much pain".
Measured: Baseline to 1 hour post-intervention
Mean Change from baseline in Anxiety Intensity During Interventional Radiology Procedures
Pain intensity will be assessed using the VAS Anxiety Scale and Childhood Anxiety Sensitivity Index (CASI), a validated self-report measure for children. The scale will be administered immediately before and after the intervention to evaluate changes in pain levels. Mean differences will be analyzed through paired samples t-test. scale from 1 - 10 with 10 being highest anxiety score.
Measured: Baseline to 1 hour post-intervention
Mean satisfaction score for procedural success from caregivers.
Caregiver satisfaction will be assessed using a validated satisfaction questionnaire. 1) Not at all well 5) Moderately well 10) Extremely well.
Measured: 1-hour post-intervention
Mean distress score with the medical procedure given to participants.
Satisfaction survey scale of 1 (not at all well) to 10 (extremely well) how well procedure was managed.
Measured: 1-hour post-intervention
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted23 Feb 2026
- Study start1 Mar 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for PainStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Children's Hospital Los AngelesThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Enrolment
- 500 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Jeffrey I Gold, PhD, Children's Hospital Los Angeles
- Investigators
- Jeffrey Gold, PhD, Principal investigator, Children's Hospital Los Angeles
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07427862
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- CHLA-25-00315
- Status last verified
- Feb 2026
- First submitted
- 17 Feb 2026
- Last updated
- 9 Mar 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 9 Mar 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Virtual Reality (VR) for Interventional Radiology (IR) Procedures
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07427862
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- CHLA-25-00315
- Conditions
- Pain, Procedural Anxiety
- Keywords
- Virtual reality, Interventional radiology, Procedural Anxiety, Pain, Pediatrics
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 500 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Children's Hospital Los AngelesUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Mar 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 1 Sep 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 23 Feb 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The goal of this clinical trial is to to utilize Virtual Reality during their interventional radiology procedure to help reduce any pain and anxiety experienced during the procedure in patients above the age of 8 undergoing interventional radiology procedures. The main questions it aims to answer are:
- To determine if Virtual Reality is more effective than standard care for reducing pain and anxiety in children undergoing painful interventional radiology procedures. It is hypothesized that children in the Virtual Reality condition will experience reduced pain and anxiety compared to children receiving standard of care.
- To evaluate caregiver's assessment of patient distress and their satisfaction with Virtual Reality compared to standard of care. It is hypothesized that caregiver satisfaction with the medical procedure will be significantly greater in the Virtual Reality group compared to the standard of care group. It is hypothesized that caregivers will perceive lower pain/anxiety when their child receives Virtual Reality compared to standard of care.
Participants will complete pre and post surveys before and after interventional radiology procedures. Participants will use Virtual Reality headsets while undergoing procedure.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Use of Virtual Reality | – | Device: Meta Oculus Quest Pro, Device: Pico 4, Device: Pico G3Five minutes before the procedure and wear it throughout the procedure and can keep it on up to two minutes after procedure. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 8 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- Pediatric and adult patients undergoing interventional radiology (IR) procedures at Children's Hospital Los Angeles (CHLA), along with legal guardians of participating pediatric patients
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Children who are at least 8 years old
- Children who are English speaking with caregivers who are English speaking or Spanish speaking.
- Children who are undergoing an interventional radiology procedure are eligible to participate in this project.
- Only children who are in the normal range of development will be recruited for this study. This will be assessed by report from the parents. The rationale for excluding patients with developmental delay is that due to their cognitive impairments, such children react to the stressors of surgery differently than do children without such developmental delay. It is unclear how such children would use the interventions included in this study, and it is likely that their responses on baseline and outcome measures will differ from children of normal developmental parameters.
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Children who are currently taking pain medication or anxiolytic medication will be excluded from this study.
- Children with a psychiatric disorder, organic brain syndrome, intellectual disability, or other known cognitive/neurological disorders
- Children with visual, auditory, or tactile deficits that would interfere with the ability to complete the experimental tasks
- Children with a history of seizure disorder.
- Children currently sick with flu-like symptoms or experiencing a headache or earache.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Meta Oculus Quest ProParticipants 10 and older can use the Meta Oculus Quest Pro headset. The headset contains content that is appropriate for patients of 10 and older with no developmental delays. The visual a bright, vibrant color and a quality image. The Virtual reality game is equipped enables the player to look around the virtual environment. In addition, there is the option to interact with the Virtual reality environment using a handheld remote. Therefore, the child will be receiving distraction via 3-D visual and auditory sensory, and tactile feedback, thus supplying a multi-sensory immersive experience. While wearing these glasses, the children only can see the Head-Mounted Display screen so that the immersion and presence will be increased. The Virtual reality glasses will be sanitized before every use so that the chance of infection will be minimized. | Device | Use of Virtual Reality |
| Pico 4Participants 8-18 can use the Pico 4 headset. The headset contains content that is appropriate for patients aged 8-18 with no developmental delays. The visual a bright, vibrant color and a quality image. The Virtual reality game is equipped enables the player to look around the virtual environment. In addition, there is the option to interact with the Virtual reality environment using a handheld remote. Therefore, the child will be receiving distraction via 3-D visual and auditory sensory, and tactile feedback, thus supplying a multi-sensory immersive experience. While wearing these glasses, the children only can see the Head-Mounted Display screen so that the immersion and presence will be increased. The Virtual reality glasses will be sanitized before every use so that the chance of infection will be minimized. | Device | Use of Virtual Reality |
| Pico G3Participants 13 and older can use the Pico G3 headset. The headset contains content that is appropriate for patients of 13 and older with no developmental delays. The visual a bright, vibrant color and a quality image. The Virtual reality game is equipped enables the player to look around the virtual environment. In addition, there is the option to interact with the Virtual reality environment using a handheld remote. Therefore, the child will be receiving distraction via 3-D visual and auditory sensory, and tactile feedback, thus supplying a multi-sensory immersive experience. While wearing these glasses, the children only can see the Head-Mounted Display screen so that the immersion and presence will be increased. The Virtual reality glasses will be sanitized before every use so that the chance of infection will be minimized. | Device | Use of Virtual Reality |
Primary outcome
Mean Change from baseline in Pain Intensity During Interventional Radiology Procedures
Time frame: Baseline to 1 hour post-intervention
Pain intensity will be assessed using the Faces Pain Scale - Revised (FPS-R), a validated self-report measure for children. The scale will be administered immediately before and after the intervention to evaluate changes in pain levels. Mean differences will be analyzed through paired samples t-test. 6 different faces representing various intensities of pain, ranging from "no pain" to "very much pain".
Mean Change from baseline in Anxiety Intensity During Interventional Radiology Procedures
Time frame: Baseline to 1 hour post-intervention
Pain intensity will be assessed using the VAS Anxiety Scale and Childhood Anxiety Sensitivity Index (CASI), a validated self-report measure for children. The scale will be administered immediately before and after the intervention to evaluate changes in pain levels. Mean differences will be analyzed through paired samples t-test. scale from 1 - 10 with 10 being highest anxiety score.
Mean satisfaction score for procedural success from caregivers.
Time frame: 1-hour post-intervention
Caregiver satisfaction will be assessed using a validated satisfaction questionnaire. 1) Not at all well 5) Moderately well 10) Extremely well.
Mean distress score with the medical procedure given to participants.
Time frame: 1-hour post-intervention
Satisfaction survey scale of 1 (not at all well) to 10 (extremely well) how well procedure was managed.
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 9 Mar 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Jeffrey Gold, PhD principal investigator
Children's Hospital Los Angeles
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Pain and Procedural Anxiety, run by Children's Hospital Los Angeles at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 9 Mar 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Saloni M Dangoria ((323) 361-4342, sdangoria@chla.usc.edu), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Mean Change from baseline in Pain Intensity During Interventional Radiology Procedures (time frame: Baseline to 1 hour post-intervention). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 9 Mar 2026.