Chest TubeNCT07457788
Virtual Reality Forest Sounds and Patient Outcomes During Chest Tube Removal
A study testing Virtual Reality with Nature Sounds in people with Chest Tube and Virtual Reality, run by Uskudar University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of listening to nature sounds in a virtual reality forest on pain, vital signs, comfort, and patient satisfaction during chest tube removal. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Chest Tube, Virtual Reality, Chest Tube Removal
- What is being tested?
- Virtual Reality with Nature Sounds
- Type of treatment
- Medical device
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 60 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Dec 2025to Jun 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Able to speak and understand Turkish
- Willing to participate in the study
- Aged 18 years or older
- No auditory or visual impairments
Who cannot join
- Patients with impaired orientation to time and place
- Patients with migraine, vertigo, or dizziness
- Illiterate patients
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Dr. Siyami Ersek Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital
Istanbul, Kadıköy, 34668
Ayça Uzun, MSc student, +90 5376087592, acyauzun98@hotmail.com
Hatice Demirdağ, PhD, +90 5057612213, hatice.demirdag@uskudar.edu.tr
About this study
Official title: The Effect of Nature Sounds in a Virtual Reality Forest During Chest Tube Removal on Pain, Vital Signs, Comfort, and Patient Satisfaction
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of listening to nature sounds in a virtual reality forest on pain, vital signs, comfort, and patient satisfaction during chest tube removal. This study aims to determine whether there are significant differences in pain, comfort, patient satisfaction, and vital signs between the experimental and control groups during chest tube removal. "In this study, a VR video featuring a relaxing forest environment with nature sounds will be used with a virtual reality headset. Patients will be exposed to both auditory and visual stimuli. It is anticipated that the findings of this randomized controlled experimental study will make a significant contribution to the literature and clinical
Read the detailed description
Study Type: This research will be conducted using a pretest-posttest, randomized controlled experimental design.
Demographic Information Form This form, developed by the researcher, includes patient age, gender, education level, diagnosis, and information regarding the location of the chest tube placement.
Visual Analog Scale (Pain) Created by Price et al. (1983), this scale ranges from 0, defined as "No pain," to 10, defined as "Unbearable pain." Patients are asked to score their pain between 0 and 10, representing the intensity of the pain they experience .
Patient Satisfaction Scale A satisfaction scale was developed to assess patients' satisfaction with the chest tube removal procedure. Patients will be asked to rate their satisfaction on a scale from 0 to 10.
Vital Signs Monitoring Form This form records the patient's vital signs (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and peripheral oxygen saturation) before and after chest tube removal.
Comfort Scale A 0-10 scale, where one end represents "Most comfortable" and the other end represents "Most uncomfortable." The number marked by the patient indicates their level of comfort.
The researcher will identify patients in the thoracic surgery ward who are scheduled for chest tube removal and meet the sample criteria, in order to collect data for the intervention and control groups. In the ward, 28 Fr chest tubes are generally used, but 32 Fr tubes may also be applied depending on the patient's condition. The decision to remove the chest tubes is made by the responsible physician after reviewing the patient's chest X-ray following the ward visit. Chest tube removal is performed by assistant doctors in the procedure room of the ward. The assignment of participating patients to either the control or intervention group will be determined by randomization.
- Conditions
- Chest Tube, Virtual Reality, Chest Tube Removal
- Being tested
- Virtual Reality with Nature Sounds
- Keywords
- pain, chest tube, patient satisfaction, comfort, vital signs
- Medical subject headings
- Pain, Patient Satisfaction
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Virtual Reality with Nature SoundsDevice
During chest tube removal, the patient will wear a VR headset and headphones to view a virtual forest environment and listen to nature sounds; pain, vital signs, comfort, and patient satisfaction will be assessed during this period.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Virtual Reality with Nature Sounds | Experimental | Data for the intervention group will be collected using the same data collection tools and time points as the control group, with the addition of the virtual reality (VR) application. The Patient Demographic Form will be administered 15 minutes before chest tube removal. Ten minutes before the procedure, patients will complete the Visual Analog Scale (Pain) and Vital Signs Monitoring Form. Patients will be informed about the procedure. Before the attending assistant physician arrives, the VR headset and headphones will be placed on the patient, and the patient will be positioned appropriately. During the procedure, the patient will view a virtual forest environment and listen to nature sounds for 5-10 minutes. Pain will be assessed immediately after the procedure. Ten minutes after the procedure, pain, patient satisfaction, vital signs, and comfort levels will be evaluated using the corresponding scales. Receives: Device: Virtual Reality with Nature Sounds |
| Control Group | No intervention | For patients assigned to the control group, 15 minutes before chest tube removal, only the Patient Demographic Form will be administered, without any intervention beyond the clinical protocol. Ten minutes before the procedure, patients will complete the Visual Analog Scale (Pain) and Vital Signs Monitoring Form. Patients will be informed about the procedure. They will be placed in a semi-Fowler position and asked to raise their arms upward. Once positioned correctly, patients will be instructed to take a deep breath and hold it while the chest tube is removed. Pain will be assessed immediately after the procedure. Ten minutes after the procedure, pain, patient satisfaction, comfort, and vital signs will be evaluated using the respective scales. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Pain level during chest tube removal
Patient pain status is determined using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). A score of 0 indicates 'no pain,' and a score of 10 indicates 'worst possible pain.' Higher scores indicate worse outcomes
Measured: Pain levels will be measured 10 minutes before chest tube removal, immediately after removal, and 10 minutes after removal.
Secondary outcomes (6)
vital signs- Heart Rate
Heart rate is measured in beats per minute, indicating a physiological response to pain and anxiety. The normal range for adults is typically 60 to 100 bpm.
Measured: 10 minutes before chest tube removal and 10 minutes after chest tube removal.
Vital signs- Respiratory Rate
Respiratory rate is measured in breaths per minute to assess the physiological response to pain and increased anxiety. The normal range for adults is typically 12 to 20 breaths/minute.
Measured: 10 minutes before chest tube removal and 10 minutes after chest tube removal.
Patient Satisfaction
A satisfaction scale related to the chest tube removal procedure has been created for the patients. They will be asked to rate their satisfaction between 0 and 10. On the patient satisfaction scale, a score of 0 indicates 'Not satisfied at all,' while a score of 10 indicates 'Very satisfied'.
Measured: The patient satisfaction scale will be administered 10 minutes after the chest tube removal.
Patient comfort level
It is a scale ranging from 0 to 10 points. One end of the scale indicates 'maximum comfort,' while the other end indicates 'maximum discomfort.' The number marked reflects the level of comfort. On the Comfort Scale, a score of 0 indicates the 'most comfortable state,' while a score of 10 indicates the 'most uncomfortable state.' Higher scores indicate worse outcomes (discomfort)
Measured: The comfort level is asked to the patient 10 minutes after chest tube removal for both the control and VR groups
Vital Signs- Peripheral Oxygen Saturation (SpO₂)
Peripheral Oxygen Saturation is measured via pulse oximetry, reflecting potential changes in respiratory function due to pain and anxiety. Normal saturation levels are generally considered 95% and above.
Measured: 10 minutes before chest tube removal and 10 minutes after chest tube removal.
Vital Signs- Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) and Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP)
Systolic Blood Pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg), reflecting the effects of pain and stress on the cardiovascular system. Diastolic Blood Pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg), reflecting the effects of pain and stress on the cardiovascular system. Normal systolic pressure is generally considered less than 120 mmHg. Normal diastolic pressure is generally considered less than 80 mmHg.
Measured: 10 minutes before chest tube removal and 10 minutes after chest tube removal.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted9 Mar 2026
- Study start1 Dec 2025
- Primary completionMar 2026 (estimated)
- Study completionJun 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Chest TubeStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Uskudar University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Ayça Uzun, Uskudar University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07457788
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- AYCA16202
- Status last verified
- Mar 2026
- First submitted
- 29 Nov 2025
- Last updated
- 9 Mar 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 9 Mar 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Nature Sounds in a Virtual Reality Forest During Chest Tube Removal on Pain, Vital Signs, Comfort, and Patient Satisfaction
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07457788
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- AYCA16202
- Conditions
- Chest Tube, Virtual Reality, Chest Tube Removal
- Keywords
- pain, chest tube, patient satisfaction, comfort, vital signs
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Uskudar UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Dec 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- Mar 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- Jun 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 9 Mar 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of listening to nature sounds in a virtual reality forest on pain, vital signs, comfort, and patient satisfaction during chest tube removal. This study aims to determine whether there are significant differences in pain, comfort, patient satisfaction, and vital signs between the experimental and control groups during chest tube removal. "In this study, a VR video featuring a relaxing forest environment with nature sounds will be used with a virtual reality headset. Patients will be exposed to both auditory and visual stimuli. It is anticipated that the findings of this randomized controlled experimental study will make a significant contribution to the literature and clinical
Detailed description
Study Type: This research will be conducted using a pretest-posttest, randomized controlled experimental design.
Demographic Information Form This form, developed by the researcher, includes patient age, gender, education level, diagnosis, and information regarding the location of the chest tube placement.
Visual Analog Scale (Pain) Created by Price et al. (1983), this scale ranges from 0, defined as "No pain," to 10, defined as "Unbearable pain." Patients are asked to score their pain between 0 and 10, representing the intensity of the pain they experience .
Patient Satisfaction Scale A satisfaction scale was developed to assess patients' satisfaction with the chest tube removal procedure. Patients will be asked to rate their satisfaction on a scale from 0 to 10.
Vital Signs Monitoring Form This form records the patient's vital signs (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and peripheral oxygen saturation) before and after chest tube removal.
Comfort Scale A 0-10 scale, where one end represents "Most comfortable" and the other end represents "Most uncomfortable." The number marked by the patient indicates their level of comfort.
The researcher will identify patients in the thoracic surgery ward who are scheduled for chest tube removal and meet the sample criteria, in order to collect data for the intervention and control groups. In the ward, 28 Fr chest tubes are generally used, but 32 Fr tubes may also be applied depending on the patient's condition. The decision to remove the chest tubes is made by the responsible physician after reviewing the patient's chest X-ray following the ward visit. Chest tube removal is performed by assistant doctors in the procedure room of the ward. The assignment of participating patients to either the control or intervention group will be determined by randomization.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Virtual Reality with Nature Sounds | Experimental | Device: Virtual Reality with Nature SoundsData for the intervention group will be collected using the same data collection tools and time points as the control group, with the addition of the virtual reality (VR) application. The Patient Demographic Form will be administered 15 minutes before chest tube removal. Ten minutes before the procedure, patients will complete the Visual Analog Scale (Pain) and Vital Signs Monitoring Form. Patients will be informed about the procedure. Before the attending assistant physician arrives, the VR headset and headphones will be placed on the patient, and the patient will be positioned appropriately. During the procedure, the patient will view a virtual forest environment and listen to nature sounds for 5-10 minutes. Pain will be assessed immediately after the procedure. Ten minutes after the procedure, pain, patient satisfaction, vital signs, and comfort levels will be evaluated using the corresponding scales. |
| Control Group | No intervention | –For patients assigned to the control group, 15 minutes before chest tube removal, only the Patient Demographic Form will be administered, without any intervention beyond the clinical protocol. Ten minutes before the procedure, patients will complete the Visual Analog Scale (Pain) and Vital Signs Monitoring Form. Patients will be informed about the procedure. They will be placed in a semi-Fowler position and asked to raise their arms upward. Once positioned correctly, patients will be instructed to take a deep breath and hold it while the chest tube is removed. Pain will be assessed immediately after the procedure. Ten minutes after the procedure, pain, patient satisfaction, comfort, and vital signs will be evaluated using the respective scales. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Able to speak and understand Turkish
- Willing to participate in the study
- Aged 18 years or older
- No auditory or visual impairments
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Patients with impaired orientation to time and place
- Patients with migraine, vertigo, or dizziness
- Illiterate patients
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Virtual Reality with Nature SoundsDuring chest tube removal, the patient will wear a VR headset and headphones to view a virtual forest environment and listen to nature sounds; pain, vital signs, comfort, and patient satisfaction will be assessed during this period. | Device | Virtual Reality with Nature Sounds |
Primary outcome
Pain level during chest tube removal
Time frame: Pain levels will be measured 10 minutes before chest tube removal, immediately after removal, and 10 minutes after removal.
Patient pain status is determined using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). A score of 0 indicates 'no pain,' and a score of 10 indicates 'worst possible pain.' Higher scores indicate worse outcomes
6 secondary outcomes
vital signs- Heart Rate
Time frame: 10 minutes before chest tube removal and 10 minutes after chest tube removal.
Vital signs- Respiratory Rate
Time frame: 10 minutes before chest tube removal and 10 minutes after chest tube removal.
Patient Satisfaction
Time frame: The patient satisfaction scale will be administered 10 minutes after the chest tube removal.
Patient comfort level
Time frame: The comfort level is asked to the patient 10 minutes after chest tube removal for both the control and VR groups
Vital Signs- Peripheral Oxygen Saturation (SpO₂)
Time frame: 10 minutes before chest tube removal and 10 minutes after chest tube removal.
Vital Signs- Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) and Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP)
Time frame: 10 minutes before chest tube removal and 10 minutes after chest tube removal.
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 9 Mar 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Virtual Reality with Nature Sounds in people with Chest Tube and Virtual Reality, run by Uskudar University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 9 Mar 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Ayça Uzun (+905376087592, acyauzun98@hotmail.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Pain level during chest tube removal (time frame: Pain levels will be measured 10 minutes before chest tube removal, immediately after removal, and 10 minutes after removal.). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 9 Mar 2026.