Physical PerformanceNCT07461194
Timing of Broccoli Sprout Intake to Improve Exercise Performance
A study testing Broccoli sprout drink (isothiocyanate-rich in people with Physical Performance and Glucose, run by The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences at 1 site in Sweden.
Trial summary
This study examines how the timing of intake of a broccoli sprout-based drink (a natural source of isothiocyanates, ITCs) affects physiological responses, recovery, and performance after a standardized endurance cycling session. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 50 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Physical Performance, Glucose, Glycogen Metabolism
- What is being tested?
- Broccoli sprout drink (isothiocyanate-rich
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 30 participants
- Where
- 1 siteSweden
- Study dates
- 15 Aug 2026to 1 Sep 2028
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 50 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Healthy, endurance-trained adults aged 18-64 years.
- Regular endurance training (e.g., cycling/running) and ability to complete a standardized 2-hour high-intensity cycling session on an ergometer.
- Approved health declaration and screening assessment by study staff (including that ergometer testing can be performed safely).
- Willing and able to follow the study protocol (diet/fasting instructions, standardized training before visits, attendance at all four laboratory visits).
- No known allergy/hypersensitivity to ingredients in the broccoli sprout drink or placebo drink.
Who cannot join
- Does not meet inclusion criteria at screening (e.g., abnormal health declaration or medical findings making intense endurance exercise or muscle biopsy inappropriate).
- Known allergy/hypersensitivity to ingredients in the intervention or placebo drink (broccoli/cruciferous vegetables or alfalfa) or other relevant food allergy.
- Ongoing illness, fever, or infection at any test occasion, or other acute medical event judged to affect safety or data quality.
- Ongoing treatment with medications/supplements judged to affect primary outcomes or increase risk (e.g., anti-inflammatory medication close to test days per study instructions).
- Pregnancy (if women are included) or breastfeeding.
- Inability to comply with the study protocol (e.g., failure to standardize diet/fasting, deviating training/alcohol intake despite instructions, or repeated missed visits).
- Participant withdraws consent or investigator judges continued participation to pose risk.
- -
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Sweden1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences
Stockholm, Stockholm County, 11433
About this study
Official title: Effects of Acute and Subacute Intake of Broccoli Sprouts Intake on Exercise Performance and Recovery
This study examines how the timing of intake of a broccoli sprout-based drink (a natural source of isothiocyanates, ITCs) affects physiological responses, recovery, and performance after a standardized endurance cycling session. Healthy, endurance-trained adults (18-64 years) will complete four laboratory visits at the Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences (GIH): one screening/physiology test visit and three intervention visits in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over design. On intervention visits, participants will ingest either an active broccoli sprout drink (50 g sprouts) or a placebo drink based on alfalfa sprouts (50 g sprouts) according to randomization. The drink will be consumed either approximately 16 hours before exercise (the evening before) or approximately 3 hours before exercise (the morning of the test), enabling comparison of timing in relation to a standardized ~2-hour cycling protocol (individualized intensity) followed by a 10 km cycling time trial. Outcomes include measures of performance, heart rate, perceived exertion and recovery, blood glucose and lactate, and metabolic responses. Venous blood samples are collected at multiple time points before and after exercise and during the subsequent laboratory recovery period, and muscle biopsies are obtained at defined time points to assess muscle metabolism and recovery-related markers. Participants return ~24 hours after exercise for follow-up sampling after an overnight fast, including a glucose tolerance test
Read the detailed description
This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study conducted at the Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences (GIH), Stockholm, designed to isolate the effect of timing of isothiocyanate (ITC) intake from broccoli sprouts on exercise responses, recovery, and cycling performance. Each participant completes four laboratory visits: one screening/physiology visit and three intervention visits. The screening visit includes a health check and an incremental cycle test to determine maximal oxygen uptake and to individualize exercise intensities for subsequent visits; oxygen uptake is assessed by indirect calorimetry, and capillary fingertip samples are used to measure blood lactate and glucose during the test. A venous blood sample is collected at the screening visit.
Intervention visits (three separate occasions) follow the same standardized test-day structure with different drink assignments according to randomization. The active drink consists of 50 g broccoli sprouts (ITC source) and the placebo drink consists of 50 g alfalfa sprouts. Drinks are administered to compare "subacute" intake (approximately 16 hours before exercise, the evening prior) versus "acute" intake (approximately 3 hours before exercise, the morning of the test day). The three intervention conditions are: (1) placebo at ~16 h plus placebo at ~3 h before the cycling protocol (control), (2) active at ~16 h plus placebo at ~3 h (subacute condition), and (3) placebo at ~16 h plus active at ~3 h (acute condition). Participants and investigators/test staff are blinded to drink identity at each visit.
On each intervention test day, participants arrive to the laboratory (approximately 08:30) and compliance with pre-visit instructions is checked. Baseline samples are collected, including a muscle biopsy from vastus lateralis, venous blood, and saliva. Participants then complete a standardized, strenuous cycling protocol on an ergometer with individualized intensity based on the screening test (approximately 80% of VO2max). An example structure is repeated intervals around lactate threshold (e.g., 8 × 5 min work with short recovery), with physiological monitoring throughout. Heart rate is recorded continuously (smartwatch), and capillary blood lactate and glucose are measured at predefined time points during exercise. Oxygen uptake/energy metabolism may be monitored during portions of the protocol using indirect calorimetry.
The exercise protocol includes a 10 km cycling performance test on the ergometer. In addition, approximately 4 hours after completion of the initial cycling bout (and following the relevant sampling time point), participants perform a second 10 km ergometer time trial in which they are instructed to perform as well as possible. Perceived exertion is recorded during exercise, and perceived recovery is assessed during the recovery period (e.g., Perceived Recovery Status Scale).
Biological sampling is extensive to characterize acute and post-exercise recovery processes. At each intervention visit, venous blood is collected at 10 time points: pre-exercise, immediately post-exercise, and then once per hour during the subsequent 8-hour laboratory recovery period (approximately 4 mL per draw; ~40 mL per intervention visit). Muscle biopsies from vastus lateralis are collected at four time points per intervention visit: pre-exercise, immediately post-exercise, approximately 4 hours post-exercise, and approximately 24 hours post-exercise (separate incision sites; predetermined/randomized leg). Saliva sampling is also performed (including at baseline and at the end of the ~8-hour laboratory recovery period). During the 0-8 hour recovery period in the laboratory, standardized meals are provided.
After approximately 8 hours in the laboratory, participants leave and return the next day (~24 hours after exercise) for final sampling, including the last muscle biopsy. For the 24-hour visit, participants fast for at least 10 hours. A glucose tolerance test is performed at the 24-hour follow-up to assess post-exercise glucose regulation.
- Conditions
- Physical Performance, Glucose, Glycogen Metabolism, Lactate, Broccoli Sprout, Isothiocyanate
- Being tested
- Broccoli sprout drink (isothiocyanate-rich, Placebo drink
- Keywords
- Broccoli Sprouts, Lactate, Exercise, Glycogen, Isothiocyanate
- Medical subject headings
- Motor Activity
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Broccoli sprout drink (isothiocyanate-richDietary supplement
Active intervention is a drink prepared from broccoli sprouts (50 g per dose) as a natural source of glucosinolates/isothiocyanates (ITCs). Participants ingest the drink either ~16 hours before the exercise session (evening prior) or ~3 hours before the exercise session (test day morning), depending on randomized condition. The study compares the timing of ITC intake versus placebo, with identical procedures across conditions.
Placebo drinkDietary supplement
The placebo intervention is a drink prepared from alfalfa sprouts (50g per dose) as a placebo. Participants ingest the drink at both ~16 hours before the exercise session (evening prior) and ~3 hours before the exercise session (test day morning). The study compares the timing of ITC intake versus placebo, with identical procedures across conditions.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| placebo | Placebo comparator | Participants ingest placebo drink prepared from alfalfa sprouts (50 g) ~16 hours before exercise (evening prior) and placebo drink (50 g) ~3 hours before exercise (test day morning). Exercise protocol and sampling are identical to other conditions. Receives: Dietary Supplement: Placebo drink |
| active, ~16 hours pre exercise | Experimental | Participants ingest broccoli sprout drink (isothiocyanate-rich; 50 g sprouts) ~16 hours before exercise and placebo alfalfa sprout drink (50 g) ~3 hours before exercise. Exercise protocol and sampling are identical to other conditions. Receives: Dietary Supplement: Broccoli sprout drink (isothiocyanate-rich |
| active, ~3 hours pre exercise | Experimental | Participants ingest placebo alfalfa sprout drink (50 g) ~16 hours before exercise and broccoli sprout drink (isothiocyanate-rich; 50 g sprouts) ~3 hours before exercise. Exercise protocol and sampling are identical to other conditions. Receives: Dietary Supplement: Broccoli sprout drink (isothiocyanate-rich |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Lactate
blood lactate (mmol/L) at predefined time points during exercise; venous sampling schedule as per protocol.
Measured: During exercise and across the 0 to 8 hours recovery period (hourly venous samples), and at the follow-up, approximately 24 hours post-exercise.
Glucose
Blood glucose (mmol/L) at predefined time points during exercise; venous sampling schedule as per protocol.
Measured: During exercise and across the 0 to 8 hours recovery period (hourly venous samples), and at the follow-up, approximately 24 hours post-exercise.
Glycogen
Muscle glycogen content in the vastus lateralis obtained from biopsies at pre-exercise, immediately post-exercise, 8 hours post-exercise, and 24 hours post-exercise to quantify glycogen depletion during exercise and repletion during recovery
Measured: Before exercise, immediately post-exercise, 8 hours post-exercise, and 24 hours post-exercise
Secondary outcomes (1)
Physical performance
Time to complete the approximately 10-kilometer cycling time trial on an ergometer
Measured: Twice per visit. First, immediately following the standardized cycling protocol, and second, 4 hours post-exercise during the same intervention visit.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted10 Mar 2026
- Study start15 Aug 2026
- Primary completion31 Dec 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion1 Sep 2028 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Physical PerformanceStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07461194
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- ITC-2026-001
- Status last verified
- Oct 2026
- First submitted
- 25 Feb 2026
- Last updated
- 14 Oct 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: De-identified individual participant data (IPD) underlying the primary and secondary outcomes (and associated data dictionary/codebook) will be made available to qualified researchers upon reasonable request after publication of the primary results. Data will be shared in a de-identified form in accordance with Swedish/EU data protection regulations and the approved ethics application. Requests will be reviewed by the study investigators; data sharing may require a data use agreement and proof of ethical approval where applicable
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 14 Oct 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Acute and Subacute Intake of Broccoli Sprouts Intake on Exercise Performance and Recovery
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07461194
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- ITC-2026-001
- Conditions
- Physical Performance, Glucose, Glycogen Metabolism, Lactate, Broccoli Sprout, Isothiocyanate
- Keywords
- Broccoli Sprouts, Lactate, Exercise, Glycogen, Isothiocyanate
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- The Swedish School of Sport and Health SciencesUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 15 Aug 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 Dec 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 1 Sep 2028 (estimated)
- First posted
- 10 Mar 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study examines how the timing of intake of a broccoli sprout-based drink (a natural source of isothiocyanates, ITCs) affects physiological responses, recovery, and performance after a standardized endurance cycling session. Healthy, endurance-trained adults (18-64 years) will complete four laboratory visits at the Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences (GIH): one screening/physiology test visit and three intervention visits in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over design. On intervention visits, participants will ingest either an active broccoli sprout drink (50 g sprouts) or a placebo drink based on alfalfa sprouts (50 g sprouts) according to randomization. The drink will be consumed either approximately 16 hours before exercise (the evening before) or approximately 3 hours before exercise (the morning of the test), enabling comparison of timing in relation to a standardized ~2-hour cycling protocol (individualized intensity) followed by a 10 km cycling time trial. Outcomes include measures of performance, heart rate, perceived exertion and recovery, blood glucose and lactate, and metabolic responses. Venous blood samples are collected at multiple time points before and after exercise and during the subsequent laboratory recovery period, and muscle biopsies are obtained at defined time points to assess muscle metabolism and recovery-related markers. Participants return ~24 hours after exercise for follow-up sampling after an overnight fast, including a glucose tolerance test
Detailed description
This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study conducted at the Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences (GIH), Stockholm, designed to isolate the effect of timing of isothiocyanate (ITC) intake from broccoli sprouts on exercise responses, recovery, and cycling performance. Each participant completes four laboratory visits: one screening/physiology visit and three intervention visits. The screening visit includes a health check and an incremental cycle test to determine maximal oxygen uptake and to individualize exercise intensities for subsequent visits; oxygen uptake is assessed by indirect calorimetry, and capillary fingertip samples are used to measure blood lactate and glucose during the test. A venous blood sample is collected at the screening visit.
Intervention visits (three separate occasions) follow the same standardized test-day structure with different drink assignments according to randomization. The active drink consists of 50 g broccoli sprouts (ITC source) and the placebo drink consists of 50 g alfalfa sprouts. Drinks are administered to compare "subacute" intake (approximately 16 hours before exercise, the evening prior) versus "acute" intake (approximately 3 hours before exercise, the morning of the test day). The three intervention conditions are: (1) placebo at ~16 h plus placebo at ~3 h before the cycling protocol (control), (2) active at ~16 h plus placebo at ~3 h (subacute condition), and (3) placebo at ~16 h plus active at ~3 h (acute condition). Participants and investigators/test staff are blinded to drink identity at each visit.
On each intervention test day, participants arrive to the laboratory (approximately 08:30) and compliance with pre-visit instructions is checked. Baseline samples are collected, including a muscle biopsy from vastus lateralis, venous blood, and saliva. Participants then complete a standardized, strenuous cycling protocol on an ergometer with individualized intensity based on the screening test (approximately 80% of VO2max). An example structure is repeated intervals around lactate threshold (e.g., 8 × 5 min work with short recovery), with physiological monitoring throughout. Heart rate is recorded continuously (smartwatch), and capillary blood lactate and glucose are measured at predefined time points during exercise. Oxygen uptake/energy metabolism may be monitored during portions of the protocol using indirect calorimetry.
The exercise protocol includes a 10 km cycling performance test on the ergometer. In addition, approximately 4 hours after completion of the initial cycling bout (and following the relevant sampling time point), participants perform a second 10 km ergometer time trial in which they are instructed to perform as well as possible. Perceived exertion is recorded during exercise, and perceived recovery is assessed during the recovery period (e.g., Perceived Recovery Status Scale).
Biological sampling is extensive to characterize acute and post-exercise recovery processes. At each intervention visit, venous blood is collected at 10 time points: pre-exercise, immediately post-exercise, and then once per hour during the subsequent 8-hour laboratory recovery period (approximately 4 mL per draw; ~40 mL per intervention visit). Muscle biopsies from vastus lateralis are collected at four time points per intervention visit: pre-exercise, immediately post-exercise, approximately 4 hours post-exercise, and approximately 24 hours post-exercise (separate incision sites; predetermined/randomized leg). Saliva sampling is also performed (including at baseline and at the end of the ~8-hour laboratory recovery period). During the 0-8 hour recovery period in the laboratory, standardized meals are provided.
After approximately 8 hours in the laboratory, participants leave and return the next day (~24 hours after exercise) for final sampling, including the last muscle biopsy. For the 24-hour visit, participants fast for at least 10 hours. A glucose tolerance test is performed at the 24-hour follow-up to assess post-exercise glucose regulation.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, investigator)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| placebo | Placebo comparator | Dietary Supplement: Placebo drinkParticipants ingest placebo drink prepared from alfalfa sprouts (50 g) ~16 hours before exercise (evening prior) and placebo drink (50 g) ~3 hours before exercise (test day morning). Exercise protocol and sampling are identical to other conditions. |
| active, ~16 hours pre exercise | Experimental | Dietary Supplement: Broccoli sprout drink (isothiocyanate-richParticipants ingest broccoli sprout drink (isothiocyanate-rich; 50 g sprouts) ~16 hours before exercise and placebo alfalfa sprout drink (50 g) ~3 hours before exercise. Exercise protocol and sampling are identical to other conditions. |
| active, ~3 hours pre exercise | Experimental | Dietary Supplement: Broccoli sprout drink (isothiocyanate-richParticipants ingest placebo alfalfa sprout drink (50 g) ~16 hours before exercise and broccoli sprout drink (isothiocyanate-rich; 50 g sprouts) ~3 hours before exercise. Exercise protocol and sampling are identical to other conditions. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 50 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Healthy, endurance-trained adults aged 18-64 years.
- Regular endurance training (e.g., cycling/running) and ability to complete a standardized 2-hour high-intensity cycling session on an ergometer.
- Approved health declaration and screening assessment by study staff (including that ergometer testing can be performed safely).
- Willing and able to follow the study protocol (diet/fasting instructions, standardized training before visits, attendance at all four laboratory visits).
- No known allergy/hypersensitivity to ingredients in the broccoli sprout drink or placebo drink.
Key exclusion criteria (8 listed)
- Does not meet inclusion criteria at screening (e.g., abnormal health declaration or medical findings making intense endurance exercise or muscle biopsy inappropriate).
- Known allergy/hypersensitivity to ingredients in the intervention or placebo drink (broccoli/cruciferous vegetables or alfalfa) or other relevant food allergy.
- Ongoing illness, fever, or infection at any test occasion, or other acute medical event judged to affect safety or data quality.
- Ongoing treatment with medications/supplements judged to affect primary outcomes or increase risk (e.g., anti-inflammatory medication close to test days per study instructions).
- Pregnancy (if women are included) or breastfeeding.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Broccoli sprout drink (isothiocyanate-richActive intervention is a drink prepared from broccoli sprouts (50 g per dose) as a natural source of glucosinolates/isothiocyanates (ITCs). Participants ingest the drink either ~16 hours before the exercise session (evening prior) or ~3 hours before the exercise session (test day morning), depending on randomized condition. The study compares the timing of ITC intake versus placebo, with identical procedures across conditions. | Dietary supplement | active, ~16 hours pre exercise, active, ~3 hours pre exercise |
| Placebo drinkThe placebo intervention is a drink prepared from alfalfa sprouts (50g per dose) as a placebo. Participants ingest the drink at both ~16 hours before the exercise session (evening prior) and ~3 hours before the exercise session (test day morning). The study compares the timing of ITC intake versus placebo, with identical procedures across conditions. | Dietary supplement | placebo |
Primary outcome
Lactate
Time frame: During exercise and across the 0 to 8 hours recovery period (hourly venous samples), and at the follow-up, approximately 24 hours post-exercise.
blood lactate (mmol/L) at predefined time points during exercise; venous sampling schedule as per protocol.
Glucose
Time frame: During exercise and across the 0 to 8 hours recovery period (hourly venous samples), and at the follow-up, approximately 24 hours post-exercise.
Blood glucose (mmol/L) at predefined time points during exercise; venous sampling schedule as per protocol.
Glycogen
Time frame: Before exercise, immediately post-exercise, 8 hours post-exercise, and 24 hours post-exercise
Muscle glycogen content in the vastus lateralis obtained from biopsies at pre-exercise, immediately post-exercise, 8 hours post-exercise, and 24 hours post-exercise to quantify glycogen depletion during exercise and repletion during recovery
1 secondary outcome
Physical performance
Time frame: Twice per visit. First, immediately following the standardized cycling protocol, and second, 4 hours post-exercise during the same intervention visit.
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 14 Oct 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. De-identified individual participant data (IPD) underlying the primary and secondary outcomes (and associated data dictionary/codebook) will be made available to qualified researchers upon reasonable request after publication of the primary results. Data will be shared in a de-identified form in accordance with Swedish/EU data protection regulations and the approved ethics application. Requests will be reviewed by the study investigators; data sharing may require a data use agreement and proof of ethical approval where applicable
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Broccoli sprout drink (isothiocyanate-rich in people with Physical Performance and Glucose, run by The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences at 1 site in Sweden.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 8 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 14 Oct 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Sweden. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Filip J Larsen, PhD (08-120 53 700, filip.larsen@gih.se), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Lactate (time frame: During exercise and across the 0 to 8 hours recovery period (hourly venous samples), and at the follow-up, approximately 24 hours post-exercise.). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 14 Oct 2026.