Cesarean SectionNCT07501390
Effectiveness Of Early Bed Mobility Exercises And Ambulation In Post Operative Cesarean Section Pain Reduction
A study testing Early Bed Mobility Exercises and Ambulation and Routine Nursing Care in people with Cesarean Section and Exercise Therapy, run by Lady Reading Hospital, Pakistan at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of early bed mobility exercises and ambulation in reducing post-operative pain among women who undergo elective cesarean section. A randomized controlled trial will be conducted with 56 participants divided into intervention and control groups. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 40 years, women only
- Conditions the study is for
- Cesarean Section, Exercise Therapy, Early Ambulation
- What is being tested?
- Early Bed Mobility Exercises and Ambulation and Routine Nursing Care
- Type of treatment
- Surgery or procedure
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 56 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 25 Mar 2025to 22 Mar 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 40 years
- Women only
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Women undergoing elective cesarean section
- Age between 18-40 years
- Medically stable patients
- Patients admitted and staying in hospital for at least 24 hours post-surgery
- Willing to participate and provide informed consent
Who cannot join
- History of previous abdominal surgeries (e.g., hernia, cholecystectomy)
- Presence of comorbidities such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, or long-term steroid use
- Patients with severe postpartum complications (e.g., hemorrhage, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism)
- Patients experiencing severe nausea, dizziness, or vomiting
- Patients unable to follow instructions
- Patients unwilling to participate
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Effectiveness Of Early Bed Mobility Exercises And Ambulation In Post Operative Cesarean Section Pain Reduction: A Randomized Controlled Trial
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of early bed mobility exercises and ambulation in reducing post-operative pain among women who undergo elective cesarean section. A randomized controlled trial will be conducted with 56 participants divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group will receive physiotherapy exercises such as pelvic rolling, breathing exercises, and ambulation, while the control group will receive routine nursing care. Pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). The study is expected to show that early mobilization reduces pain, improves recovery, and enhances overall well-being.
Read the detailed description
This study is a single-blind randomized controlled trial designed to investigate the effectiveness of early bed mobility exercises and ambulation in reducing post-operative pain among women undergoing elective cesarean section. The study will be conducted at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Lady Reading Hospital (MTI), Peshawar, over a period of six months.
A total of 56 participants aged 18-40 years who meet the inclusion criteria will be recruited and randomly assigned into two groups using consecutive blocked randomization. The intervention group will receive a structured physiotherapy program including pelvic rolling, leg sliding, deep breathing, chest expansion exercises, ankle pumping, and ambulation starting 5 hours post-surgery. The control group will receive routine nursing care.
Pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) before and after the intervention. Data will be analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25, applying paired and independent t-tests to compare within and between group differences.
The study aims to demonstrate that early mobilization significantly reduces post-operative pain, decreases the need for analgesics, shortens hospital stay, and improves functional recovery and overall well-being in post-cesarean women.
- Conditions
- Cesarean Section, Exercise Therapy, Early Ambulation
- Being tested
- Early Bed Mobility Exercises and Ambulation, Routine Nursing Care
- Keywords
- Pain Reduction, Postnatal Exercises, Postoperative Pain, Early Mobilization, Physiotherapy
- Medical subject headings
- Pain, Postoperative
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Early Bed Mobility Exercises and AmbulationProcedure or surgery
A structured physiotherapy program initiated 5 hours after cesarean section, including mobility and breathing exercises along with early ambulation, administered multiple times daily until discharge to improve recovery and reduce post-operative pain.
Routine Nursing CareOther
Standard postoperative care provided according to hospital protocol without any additional structured physiotherapy or mobilization program.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Early Bed Mobility Exercises and Ambulation | Experimental | Participants in this group will receive a structured physiotherapy program starting 5 hours after cesarean section. The intervention includes pelvic rolling, leg sliding, deep breathing exercises, pursed-lip breathing, chest expansion exercises, huffing and coughing techniques, ankle pumping, abdominal wall setting, and early ambulation. Exercises will be performed 3 times daily with 10-12 repetitions per session from the day of surgery until discharge. Receives: Procedure: Early Bed Mobility Exercises and Ambulation |
| Routine Postoperative Nursing Care | Active comparator | Participants in this group will receive routine post-operative nursing care as per hospital protocol without any structured physiotherapy exercise program. Receives: Other: Routine Nursing Care |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in Postoperative Pain Intensity
Pain intensity will be measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), a continuous scale ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain), where higher scores indicate worse pain intensity.
Measured: Baseline (within 5 hours post-surgery) and at discharge (3-5 days post-surgery)
Time to First Ambulation
Time to first ambulation will be defined as the time (in hours) from the end of surgery to the participant's ability to walk independently without assistance. Shorter time indicates better recovery.
Measured: Within 24-48 hours post-surgery
Secondary outcomes (1)
Change in Functional Recovery Status
Functional recovery will be assessed using the Barthel Index of Activities of Daily Living (ADL), which measures independence in activities such as sitting, standing, and walking. The scale ranges from 0 (total dependence) to 100 (complete independence), with higher scores indicating better functional recovery.
Measured: Baseline (post-surgery) and at discharge (3-5 days)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted30 Mar 2026
- Study start25 Mar 2025
- Primary completion11 Dec 2025
- Study completion22 Mar 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (3)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Cesarean SectionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Participants will be randomly assigned into two groups, an intervention group receiving physiotherapy exercises (early bed mobility and ambulation) and a control group receiving routine nursing care. Both groups will be followed simultaneously and outcomes will be compared between them.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 56 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Lady Reading Hospital, Pakistan
- Sponsor type
- Other government
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Dr. Wajeeha Syed, Lady Reading Hospital, Pakistan
- Investigators
- Dr Syeda Wajeeha, MS, Principal investigator, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07501390
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 82/LRH/MTI
- Status last verified
- Apr 2026
- First submitted
- 17 Mar 2026
- Last updated
- 7 Apr 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: De-identified individual participant data (IPD) collected during the study, including pain scores (VAS, NPRS), demographic data, and outcome measures, will be shared with other researchers upon reasonable request for academic and research purposes. All personal identifiers will be removed to ensure participant confidentiality.
Publications
Citak Karakaya I, Yuksel I, Akbayrak T, Demirturk F, Karakaya MG, Ozyuncu O, Beksac S. Effects of physiotherapy on pain and functional activities after cesarean delivery. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2012 Mar;285(3):621-7. doi: 10.1007/s00404-011-2037-0. Epub 2011 Aug 10.
PubMed 21830007Weerasinghe K, Rishard M, Brabaharan S, Mohamed A. Effectiveness of face-to-face physiotherapy training and education for women who are undergoing elective caesarean section: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Physiother. 2022 Feb 3;12(1):4. doi: 10.1186/s40945-021-00128-9.
PubMed 35109917Weerasinghe K, Rishard M, Brabaharan S, Walpita Y. Physiotherapy training and education prior to elective Caesarean section and its impact on post-natal quality of life: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. BMC Res Notes. 2023 Oct 13;16(1):270. doi: 10.1186/s13104-023-06550-5.
PubMed 37833802
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 7 Apr 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effectiveness Of Early Bed Mobility Exercises And Ambulation In Post Operative Cesarean Section Pain Reduction: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07501390
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 82/LRH/MTI
- Conditions
- Cesarean Section, Exercise Therapy, Early Ambulation
- Keywords
- Pain Reduction, Postnatal Exercises, Postoperative Pain, Early Mobilization, Physiotherapy
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 56 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Lady Reading Hospital, PakistanOther government
- Study start
- 25 Mar 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 11 Dec 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 22 Mar 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 30 Mar 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of early bed mobility exercises and ambulation in reducing post-operative pain among women who undergo elective cesarean section. A randomized controlled trial will be conducted with 56 participants divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group will receive physiotherapy exercises such as pelvic rolling, breathing exercises, and ambulation, while the control group will receive routine nursing care. Pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). The study is expected to show that early mobilization reduces pain, improves recovery, and enhances overall well-being.
Detailed description
This study is a single-blind randomized controlled trial designed to investigate the effectiveness of early bed mobility exercises and ambulation in reducing post-operative pain among women undergoing elective cesarean section. The study will be conducted at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Lady Reading Hospital (MTI), Peshawar, over a period of six months.
A total of 56 participants aged 18-40 years who meet the inclusion criteria will be recruited and randomly assigned into two groups using consecutive blocked randomization. The intervention group will receive a structured physiotherapy program including pelvic rolling, leg sliding, deep breathing, chest expansion exercises, ankle pumping, and ambulation starting 5 hours post-surgery. The control group will receive routine nursing care.
Pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) before and after the intervention. Data will be analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25, applying paired and independent t-tests to compare within and between group differences.
The study aims to demonstrate that early mobilization significantly reduces post-operative pain, decreases the need for analgesics, shortens hospital stay, and improves functional recovery and overall well-being in post-cesarean women.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Participants will be randomly assigned into two groups, an intervention group receiving physiotherapy exercises (early bed mobility and ambulation) and a control group receiving routine nursing care. Both groups will be followed simultaneously and outcomes will be compared between them.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Early Bed Mobility Exercises and Ambulation | Experimental | Procedure: Early Bed Mobility Exercises and AmbulationParticipants in this group will receive a structured physiotherapy program starting 5 hours after cesarean section. The intervention includes pelvic rolling, leg sliding, deep breathing exercises, pursed-lip breathing, chest expansion exercises, huffing and coughing techniques, ankle pumping, abdominal wall setting, and early ambulation. Exercises will be performed 3 times daily with 10-12 repetitions per session from the day of surgery until discharge. |
| Routine Postoperative Nursing Care | Active comparator | Other: Routine Nursing CareParticipants in this group will receive routine post-operative nursing care as per hospital protocol without any structured physiotherapy exercise program. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 40 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Women undergoing elective cesarean section
- Age between 18-40 years
- Medically stable patients
- Patients admitted and staying in hospital for at least 24 hours post-surgery
- Willing to participate and provide informed consent
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- History of previous abdominal surgeries (e.g., hernia, cholecystectomy)
- Presence of comorbidities such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, or long-term steroid use
- Patients with severe postpartum complications (e.g., hemorrhage, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism)
- Patients experiencing severe nausea, dizziness, or vomiting
- Patients unable to follow instructions
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Early Bed Mobility Exercises and AmbulationA structured physiotherapy program initiated 5 hours after cesarean section, including mobility and breathing exercises along with early ambulation, administered multiple times daily until discharge to improve recovery and reduce post-operative pain. | Procedure or surgery | Early Bed Mobility Exercises and Ambulation |
| Routine Nursing CareStandard postoperative care provided according to hospital protocol without any additional structured physiotherapy or mobilization program. | Other | Routine Postoperative Nursing Care |
Primary outcome
Change in Postoperative Pain Intensity
Time frame: Baseline (within 5 hours post-surgery) and at discharge (3-5 days post-surgery)
Pain intensity will be measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), a continuous scale ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain), where higher scores indicate worse pain intensity.
Time to First Ambulation
Time frame: Within 24-48 hours post-surgery
Time to first ambulation will be defined as the time (in hours) from the end of surgery to the participant's ability to walk independently without assistance. Shorter time indicates better recovery.
1 secondary outcome
Change in Functional Recovery Status
Time frame: Baseline (post-surgery) and at discharge (3-5 days)
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 7 Apr 2026.
- Background: PubMed 21830007Citak Karakaya I, Yuksel I, Akbayrak T, Demirturk F, Karakaya MG, Ozyuncu O, Beksac S. Effects of physiotherapy on pain and functional activities after cesarean delivery. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2012 Mar;285(3):621-7. doi: 10.1007/s00404-011-2037-0. Epub 2011 Aug 10.
- Background: PubMed 35109917Weerasinghe K, Rishard M, Brabaharan S, Mohamed A. Effectiveness of face-to-face physiotherapy training and education for women who are undergoing elective caesarean section: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Physiother. 2022 Feb 3;12(1):4. doi: 10.1186/s40945-021-00128-9.
- Background: PubMed 37833802Weerasinghe K, Rishard M, Brabaharan S, Walpita Y. Physiotherapy training and education prior to elective Caesarean section and its impact on post-natal quality of life: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. BMC Res Notes. 2023 Oct 13;16(1):270. doi: 10.1186/s13104-023-06550-5.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. De-identified individual participant data (IPD) collected during the study, including pain scores (VAS, NPRS), demographic data, and outcome measures, will be shared with other researchers upon reasonable request for academic and research purposes. All personal identifiers will be removed to ensure participant confidentiality.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Dr Syeda Wajeeha, MS principal investigator
Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Early Bed Mobility Exercises and Ambulation and Routine Nursing Care in people with Cesarean Section and Exercise Therapy, run by Lady Reading Hospital, Pakistan at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 7 Apr 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in Postoperative Pain Intensity (time frame: Baseline (within 5 hours post-surgery) and at discharge (3-5 days post-surgery)). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07501390, which also lists 3 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 7 Apr 2026.