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Aged 60 Years or OlderNCT07505693

The Effect of Health Belief Model-Based Education on Knowledge and Behavioral Changes Regarding Dementia in Older Adults

A study testing 1. Introduction Session: Increasing Perceived Sensitivity, Session 2: Increasing the Perception of Seriousness/Importance and Session 3: Increasing the Perception of Benefit in people with Aged 60 Years or Older and Volunteering to Participate in the Study, run by Hasan Kalyoncu University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

While age is one of the strongest known risk factors for the onset of dementia, dementia is not an inevitable consequence of aging. Several modifiable risk factors, such as physical inactivity, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, depression, and social isolation, increase the risk… Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 60 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
What is being tested?
1. Introduction Session: Increasing Perceived Sensitivity, Session 2: Increasing the Perception of Seriousness/Importance and Session 3: Increasing the Perception of Benefit
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
66 participants
Where
1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
Study dates
23 Feb 2026to 22 May 2026
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 60 years and older
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Individuals who are:
  • 60 years of age and older,
  • Registered with the Active Living Center and actively using its services,
  • Not diagnosed with dementia,
  • Not visually and/or hearing impaired,
  • Possessing reading comprehension skills,
Show all 10Show fewer
  • Possessing Turkish speaking and comprehension skills,
  • Not having a psychiatric diagnosis,
  • Not taking psychiatric medication,
  • Not having previously participated in a dementia-related training program, and who volunteer to participate in the study will be included.

Who cannot join

  • Individuals who do not meet any of the research inclusion criteria,
  • Individuals who have not attended at least two sessions of the Training Program,
  • Individuals who refuse to participate in/wish to withdraw from the Training Program will be excluded from the research by the researcher.

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

Turkey (Türkiye)1 site

  • Gaziantep Active Life Center

    Gaziantep, Gazi̇antep, 27000

Other trials in Turkey (Türkiye)

About this study

Official title: The Effect of Health Belief Model-Based Education on Knowledge and Behavior Modification Motivation Regarding Dementia in Older Adults

While age is one of the strongest known risk factors for the onset of dementia, dementia is not an inevitable consequence of aging. Several modifiable risk factors, such as physical inactivity, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, depression, and social isolation, increase the risk of developing dementia (WHO, 2025). Positive health beliefs and attitudes toward preventing or reducing the risk of dementia can encourage individuals to adopt healthy lifestyle behaviors (Vrijsen et al., 2021). Many studies in the literature have investigated the effects of lifestyle interventions on dementia prevention and reported that adhering to a healthy lifestyle can improve cognitive function and reduce or delay the risk of dementia (An et al., 2025; Siette 2023; Lee et al., 2022). The Health Belief Model argues that individuals' health behaviors are influenced by their beliefs, values, and attitudes (Gözüm \& Çapık, 2014). Considering individuals' beliefs and attitudes towards health, the education and treatment offered can be tailored to the individual and their benefit can be ensured (Gözüm \& Çapık, 2014; Li et al., 2022). Within the framework of the Health Belief Model, it has been stated that reducing the perceived barriers in individuals in the intervention process aimed at preventing dementia is a fundamental factor in strengthening their beliefs about dementia prevention and encouraging the development of healthy behavioral habits (Li et al., 2022). Therefore, it is thought that Health Belief Model-based education applied to the elderly may have an effect on individuals' level of knowledge about dementia and their motivation to change behaviors to reduce the risk of dementia.

Read the detailed description

While age is one of the strongest known risk factors for the onset of dementia, dementia is not an inevitable consequence of aging. Several modifiable risk factors, such as physical inactivity, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, depression, and social isolation, increase the risk of developing dementia (WHO, 2025). Positive health beliefs and attitudes toward preventing or reducing the risk of dementia can encourage individuals to adopt healthy lifestyle behaviors (Vrijsen et al., 2021). Many studies in the literature have investigated the effects of lifestyle interventions on dementia prevention and have reported that adhering to a healthy lifestyle can improve cognitive function and reduce or delay the risk of dementia (An et al., 2025; Siette 2023; Lee et al., 2022). One of the models underlying research on the prevention or reduction of symptoms of dementia is the Health Belief Model (Lee et al., 2022). The Health Belief Model provides an effective guide in evaluating factors affecting health-protective and health-promoting behaviors, as well as individuals' adherence to treatment (Gözüm \& Çapık, 2014). However, a review of the literature indicates that intervention and education studies based on the Health Belief Model for dementia prevention need to be increased (Lee et al., 2022; An et al., 2025). Therefore, it is thought that Health Belief Model-based education applied to the elderly may have an effect on individuals' knowledge level regarding dementia and their motivation to change behaviors to reduce the risk of dementia.

Being tested
1. Introduction Session: Increasing Perceived Sensitivity, Session 2: Increasing the Perception of Seriousness/Importance, Session 3: Increasing the Perception of Benefit, Session 4: Addressing the Perception of Barriers, Session 5: Raising Awareness and Enhancing Self-Efficacy of Implementers
Keywords
dementia, aged, Information Motivation Behavioral Skills Model, Health Education, Primary Prevention
Medical subject headings
Dementia, Health Education

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • 1. Introduction Session: Increasing Perceived SensitivityBehavioural

    SESSION 1: Do We Know Dementia?

    (Perceived Awareness) In this session, we will learn what dementia is and its symptoms. • What is Dementia? Dementia means "loss of the mind"; it is not simply forgetfulness, but an impairment of thinking and understanding abilities. • Symptoms: It manifests itself with symptoms such as difficulty finding words, getting lost in familiar places, or forgetting recent events. • Prevalence: As the elderly population increases worldwide and in Turkey, dementia cases are also rapidly increasing.

  • Session 2: Increasing the Perception of Seriousness/ImportanceBehavioural

    Severity and Stages of the Disease (Perceived Severity) In this session, we will discuss how the disease progresses and what happens in each stage. • Stages: Dementia progresses in three stages: Mild, Moderate, and Advanced. • Mild Stage: The person is usually independent but frequently loses belongings and begins to forget names. • Moderate and Advanced Stages: Assistance is needed for daily tasks, time/space perception is confused, and in the advanced stage, the person may become completely dependent on others. • Early Diagnosis: The earlier the disease is detected, the more possible it is to preserve the quality of life.

  • Session 3: Increasing the Perception of BenefitBehavioural

    What Can We Change? In this session, we will focus on the tools we have to reduce the risk. • Modifiable Factors: Factors such as physical inactivity, high blood pressure, smoking, and social isolation increase the risk of dementia. • Protective Steps: Taking brisk walks at least 1-2 days a week, keeping blood pressure under control, and using a hearing aid if you have hearing loss protects the brain. • Mental Activity: Learning new things, reading books, and solving puzzles are the strongest shields for brain health.

  • Session 4: Addressing the Perception of BarriersBehavioural

    Overcoming Obstacles: In this session, we will identify the obstacles to developing healthy habits. Recognizing the Obstacles: Why don't we exercise enough? What challenges are we facing in our diet? Why are we socializing? Self-Assessment: Smoking addiction, sleep problems, or the use of multiple medications can make lifestyle changes difficult.

  • Session 5: Raising Awareness and Enhancing Self-Efficacy of ImplementersBehavioural

    Taking Action In this session, we plan how to incorporate what we've learned into our lives.

    Goal Setting: We will take concrete steps such as keeping blood pressure below 140/80 mmHg, ventilating the room for quality sleep, and maintaining regular communication with loved ones.

    Belief: It's important to start with small goals by saying, "I believe I can do this." Suggestion: If you're out of breath while walking, you're at the right pace.

Study groups in NCT07505693
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Intervention GroupExperimental* 30 individuals aged 60 and over, * Registered with and actively using the services of the Active Living Center, * Not diagnosed with dementia, * Not having visual and/or hearing impairments, * Having reading comprehension skills, * Having Turkish speaking and comprehension skills, * Not having a psychiatric diagnosis, * Not using psychiatric medication, * Not having previously participated in a dementia-related training program, will be included in the study in 3 groups of 10 people each. The training program will begin with an introductory session and the administration of pre-tests, and will be completed in 7 sessions over 4 weeks, two days a week. Each session in the training program will last approximately 45-50 minutes. After the last session, the elderly will be given an educational booklet on dementia prevention. The post-test will be administered the following week after the educational booklet is given to the patients.
Receives: Behavioral: 1. Introduction Session: Increasing Perceived Sensitivity; Behavioral: Session 2: Increasing the Perception of Seriousness/Importance; Behavioral: Session 3: Increasing the Perception of Benefit; Behavioral: Session 4: Addressing the Perception of Barriers; Behavioral: Session 5: Raising Awareness and Enhancing Self-Efficacy of Implementers
Control GroupNo intervention* 30 individuals aged 60 and over, * Registered with and actively using the services of the Active Life Center, * Not diagnosed with dementia, * Not having visual and/or hearing impairments, * Having reading comprehension skills, * Having Turkish speaking and comprehension skills, * Not having a psychiatric diagnosis, * Not using psychiatric medication, * Not having previously participated in a dementia-related training program, After a pre-test and a post-test session without intervention, the elderly in the control group will be given a single-session training program and a training booklet.

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Dementia Knowledge Scale

    The scale, originally developed by Annear, M. J., Toye, C., Elliott, K. E. J., McInerney, F., Eccleston, C., \& Robinson, A. (2017), was adapted into Turkish by Akyol, M. A., et al. in 2021. The scale consists of 17 items and is unidimensional. Each item is scored as indicated. The total score is obtained by summing the scale items. The lowest possible score is 0 and the highest is 34. A higher score indicates that participants have a higher level of knowledge about dementia. The scale has no cutoff point. Cronbach's α is 0.836, and all fit indices are above 0.90.

    Measured: Up to 8 weeks

Secondary outcomes (1)

  1. Behavioral Modification Motivation Scale for Reducing Dementia Risk

    The Turkish adaptation of the scale, developed by Kim, S., Sargent-Cox, K., Cherbuin, N., \& Anstey, K. J. (2014), was done by Akyol, M. A., et al. in 2022. The scale consists of 10 items and 2 sub-dimensions (Positive Cues for Action, Negative Cues for Action). Positive Cues for Action: M1, M2, M3, M4, M5; Negative Cues for Action: M6, M7, M8, M9, M10. A 5-point Likert-type rating scale is used: strongly disagree, disagree, undecided, agree, strongly agree. The lowest possible score is 10 and the highest is 50. Cronbach's α value is (total α = 0.78, positive cues for action = 0.81 and negative cues for action = 0.70).

    Measured: Up to 8 weeks

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted1 Apr 2026
  2. Study start23 Feb 2026
  3. Primary completion22 Apr 2026
  4. Study completion22 May 2026

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Model description
Pre-Test 1. Introduction Session: Increasing Perceived Awareness (Definition of dementia, prevalence in the world and in Turkey, causes, symptoms and findings) 2. Session: Increasing Perception of Severity/Importance (Stages of dementia, processes after diagnosis and difficulties experienced by individuals diagnosed with dementia) 3. Session: Increasing Perception of Benefit (Importance of preventing the development of dementia, modifiable factors affecting the development of dementia and the importance of early diagnosis and treatment) 4. Session: Addressing Perception of Barriers (Barriers they may encounter in the diagnosis and assessment process of dementia) 5. Session: Increasing Awareness of Action-Oriented Individuals and Increasing Self-Efficacy (Providing suggestions for integrating modifiable risk factors into their lives) Post-Test
Masking
Single blind
Who is masked
Participant
Enrolment
66 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT07505693
Sponsor's protocol ID
HASANKU- HEM- ZB- 01
Status last verified
May 2026
First submitted
23 Mar 2026
Last updated
2 Jun 2026
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No: Individuals who volunteered to participate in the research were informed of the purpose and objectives of the study, and their written consent was obtained prior to the application. Participants were informed that their personal information would not be shared with any third party/institution other than the researcher, and the study would be conducted in accordance with the principle of "Confidentiality and Protection of Privacy." In line with the principle of "Respect for Autonomy," it was stated that participants were free to withdraw at any time during the research process.

Publications

  • 1. Çap Kurşun, D., Ebeoğlu Duman, M., & Tüzün Gün, Z. (2024). Bağlı Damgalama Ölçeği'nin Demans Bakım Verenlerinde Türkçe Geçerlik Güvenirlik Çalışması. Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 35(4). 2. Vrijsen, J., Matulessij, T. F., Joxhorst, T., de Rooij, S. E., & Smidt, N. (2021). Knowledge, health beliefs and attitudes towards dementia and dementia risk reduction among the Dutch general population: A cross-sectional study. BMC public health, 21, 1-11. 3. Gözüm, S., & Çapık, C. (2014). Sağlık davranışlarının geliştirilmesinde bir rehber: sağlık inanç modeli. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 7(3), 230-237. 4. Li, H., Zhang, J., Wang, L., Yang, T., & Yang, Y. (2022). A health promoting-lifestyle prediction model for dementia prevention among Chinese adults: based on the health belief model. BMC Public Health, 22(1), 2450. 5. An, H., Hong, I., Han, D. S., & Park, H. Y. (2025). A Program for Reinforcing Lifestyle Change Motivation and Lifestyle Behavior to Prevent Dementia in Community-Dwelling Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Applying the Health Belief Model. INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing, 62, 00469580251324046. 6. World Health Organization: WHO. (2025, March 31). Dementia. World Health Organization: WHO. Retrieved July 2, 2025, from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dementia 7. World Health Organization. (2017). Global action plan on the public health response to dementia 2017-2025. In Global action plan on the public health response to dementia 2017-2025. 8. Pipatpiboon, N., Sripetchwandee, J., Koonrungsesomboon, N., Bawornthip, P., & Bressington, D. (2024). Establishing the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a health belief model based educational training program on health belief perceptions and dementia-preventive behaviors in people with type 2 diabetes. Nursing & Health Sciences, 26(1), e13081. 9. Alzheımers & Dementıa Death Rate By Country. (n.d.) (2020). World Life Expectancy.

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing 1. Introduction Session: Increasing Perceived Sensitivity, Session 2: Increasing the Perception of Seriousness/Importance and Session 3: Increasing the Perception of Benefit in people with Aged 60 Years or Older and Volunteering to Participate in the Study, run by Hasan Kalyoncu University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 10 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 2 Jun 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Dementia Knowledge Scale (time frame: Up to 8 weeks). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07505693, which also lists 1 linked publication.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 2 Jun 2026.

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