External Focus (e.g., Performing the Exercise by Directing the Individual's Attention to a Laser Beam)The Effects ofNCT07546890
The Effects of Thrower's Ten Exercises Performed With an External Focus
A study testing Exercise and Exercise with neutral attentional focus in people with External Focus (e.g., Performing the Exercise by Directing the Individual's Attention to a Laser Beam) and Exercise Training, run by Hacettepe University.
Trial summary
The aim of this study is to comprehensively investigate the effects of the Thrower's Ten exercise program-commonly recommended to enhance shoulder stability and strength in athletes-when applied using an external focus of attention approach (i.e., directing attention toward an object or movement outside the body), on… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 10 to 18 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- External Focus (e.g., Performing the Exercise by Directing the Individual's Attention to a Laser Beam), Exercise Training, Adolescent
- What is being tested?
- Exercise and Exercise with neutral attentional focus
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 30 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- 25 Apr 2026to 20 Jul 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 10 to 18 years
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult
Who may be able to join
- Adolescent male basketball players aged 10-18 years
- With at least one year of continuous participation in basketball
- Basketball players who participate in regular training at least two days per week
Who cannot join
- Participants will be excluded if they have a history of upper or lower extremity surgery within the past six months
- do not regularly attend training sessions
- do not consent to participate
Trial locations and contacts
No sites are listed yet. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
About this study
Official title: The Effects of Thrower's Ten Exercises Performed With an External Focus on Functional Performance, Balance, and Shooting Performance in Adolescent Basketball Players
The aim of this study is to comprehensively investigate the effects of the Thrower's Ten exercise program-commonly recommended to enhance shoulder stability and strength in athletes-when applied using an external focus of attention approach (i.e., directing attention toward an object or movement outside the body), on functional performance, shoulder stability, balance, and throwing performance in adolescent basketball players.
This study has been designed to examine the effects of performing the Thrower's Ten exercises with an external focus of attention on functional performance, shoulder stability, balance, and throwing performance in adolescent basketball players. Athletes will be randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group will perform the exercises using an external focus of attention, whereas the control group will perform the same exercises without any specific attentional focus.
The methods employed in this study are expected to effectively address the research objectives. The data collection tools and analytical techniques to be used are based on validated and widely accepted tests in the literature. Functional performance will be assessed using the Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test, balance will be evaluated using the Upper Extremity Y Balance Test, and throwing performance will be measured using the Medicine Ball Throw Test.
Read the detailed description
The aim of this study is to comprehensively investigate the effects of the Thrower's Ten exercise program-commonly recommended to enhance shoulder stability and strength in athletes-when applied using an external focus of attention approach (i.e., directing attention toward an object or movement outside the body), on functional performance, shoulder stability, balance, and throwing performance in adolescent basketball players.
This study has been designed to examine the effects of performing the Thrower's Ten exercises with an external focus of attention on functional performance, shoulder stability, balance, and throwing performance in adolescent basketball players. Athletes will be randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group will perform the exercises using an external focus of attention, whereas the control group will perform the same exercises without any specific attentional focus.
The methods employed in this study are expected to effectively address the research objectives. The data collection tools and analytical techniques to be used are based on validated and widely accepted tests in the literature. Functional performance will be assessed using the Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test, balance will be evaluated using the Upper Extremity Y Balance Test, and throwing performance will be measured using the Medicine Ball Throw Test.
- Conditions
- External Focus (e.g., Performing the Exercise by Directing the Individual's Attention to a Laser Beam), Exercise Training, Adolescent
- Being tested
- Exercise, Exercise with neutral attentional focus
- Keywords
- basketball, throwers ten exercise, functional performance
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
ExerciseOther
The exercise protocol to be implemented consists of the Thrower's Ten Exercise Program.
Thrower's Ten Exercise Program: The Thrower's Ten Exercise Program, originally developed by Kevin E. Wilk and colleagues (1993), comprising ten different exercises, will be applied to both the experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, an external focus of attention strategy will be employed, directing participants' attention away from their body movements toward external targets (e.g., a target board used in conjunction with a laser pointer) during the execution of the exercises.
Exercise with neutral attentional focusOther
The Thrower's Ten exercises will be performed using a neutral attentional focus approach.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| external focus group | Experimental | This program has been designed to improve shoulder stability, muscular strength, and overall performance. The exercise protocol to be implemented consists of the Thrower's Ten Exercise Program.
Thrower's Ten Exercise Program: The Thrower's Ten Exercise Program, originally developed by Kevin E. Wilk and colleagues (1993), comprising ten different exercises, will be applied to both the experimental and control groups. The exercises included in this program are as follows:
1.a. Diagonal Pattern D2 Extension
1. b. Diagonal Pattern D2 Flexion
2. a. External Rotation at 0° Abduction
2.b. Internal Rotation at 0° Abduction 2.c. External Rotation at 90° Abduction 2.d. Internal Rotation at 90° Abduction 3. Shoulder Abduction at 90° 4. Scaption (Scapular Plane Elevation) with External Rotation 5. Side-Lying External Rotation 6.a. Prone Horizontal Abduction (Neutral) 6.b. Prone Horizontal Abduction (Full Range of Motion, 100° Abduction) 6.c. Prone Rowing 6.d. Prone Rowing with External Rotation 7 Receives: Other: Exercise |
| control group | Active comparator | The Thrower's Ten exercises will be performed using a neutral attentional focus approach. Receives: Other: Exercise with neutral attentional focus |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Balance
The Upper Extremity Y Balance Test (UEYBT) will be used to assess shoulder stability and dynamic balance. Participants will perform reach movements in three directions (anterior, posterolateral, and posteromedial), and the reach distance will be recorded. Three trials will be performed for each direction, and the maximum reach distance will be used for analysis. The UEYBT will be conducted for both the dominant and non-dominant upper extremities.
Participants will begin the test in a push-up (plank) position. In this position, one hand will be placed at the center of the Y Balance Test apparatus, while both feet will remain in contact with the ground, positioned shoulder-width apart. While maintaining this position, participants will reach maximally in three directions (medial, superolateral, and inferolateral) with the contralateral upper extremity (15). After each reach, participants will return to the starting position without compromising the push-up posture.
Measured: Assessments will be conducted before the intervention (exercise program) and after the completion of the program. The exercise program will be implemented over a period of 6 weeks. Accordingly, evaluations will be performed at baseline (pre-intervention)
Secondary outcomes (2)
Functional performance
The Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (CKCUEST) will be used to assess shoulder stability and functional performance. In this test, participants will assume a push-up position and alternately touch the contralateral hand in a cross-over manner, with the number of touches completed within 15 seconds recorded.
For the CKCUEST, participants will be positioned in a push-up stance, with their hands placed 92 cm apart, perpendicular to the body. Participants will be instructed to alternately touch the opposite hand as quickly as possible for 15 seconds. Each participant will perform two trials with a 1-minute rest interval between trials. The number of touches will be recorded by the evaluators. Trials will be considered invalid if the participant fails to reach the predetermined hand position or is unable to maintain the proper support position.
Measured: Assessments will be conducted before the intervention (exercise program) and after the completion of the program. The exercise program will be implemented over a period of 6 weeks. Accordingly, evaluations will be performed at baseline (pre-intervention)
Shooting Performance
The Medicine Ball Throw Test will be used to assess upper extremity explosive power and throwing performance. Participants will be instructed to throw a 2-kg medicine ball as far as possible, and the throwing distance will be recorded.
For the test, participants will be seated on the floor with their backs firmly supported against a wall and their legs extended straight, with approximately 60 cm between the feet. A measuring tape will be placed on the ground and extended to a length of 10 meters. Participants will hold the 2-kg medicine ball with both hands at chest level, close to the midline of the body, and will be instructed to throw the ball horizontally, parallel to the measuring tape, as far as possible.
The distance traveled by the ball will be measured in centimeters using the same measuring tape and recorded. Each participant will be given two trials, with a 1-minute rest interval between attempts.
Measured: Assessments will be conducted before the intervention (exercise program) and after the completion of the program. The exercise program will be implemented over a period of 6 weeks. Accordingly, evaluations will be performed at baseline (pre-intervention)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted23 Apr 2026
- Study start25 Apr 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion30 Jun 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion20 Jul 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for External Focus (e.g., Performing the Exercise by Directing the Individual's Attention to a Laser Beam)Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Hacettepe UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Hacettepe University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Birgül Dıngırdan, Hacettepe University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07546890
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- SUBU 5
- Acronym
- The Effects of
- Status last verified
- Apr 2026
- First submitted
- 13 Apr 2026
- Last updated
- 23 Apr 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 23 Apr 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effects of Thrower's Ten Exercises Performed With an External Focus on Functional Performance, Balance, and Shooting Performance in Adolescent Basketball Players
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07546890
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- The Effects of / SUBU 5
- Conditions
- External Focus (e.g., Performing the Exercise by Directing the Individual's Attention to a Laser Beam), Exercise Training, Adolescent
- Keywords
- basketball, throwers ten exercise, functional performance
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Hacettepe UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 25 Apr 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 30 Jun 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 20 Jul 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 23 Apr 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The aim of this study is to comprehensively investigate the effects of the Thrower's Ten exercise program-commonly recommended to enhance shoulder stability and strength in athletes-when applied using an external focus of attention approach (i.e., directing attention toward an object or movement outside the body), on functional performance, shoulder stability, balance, and throwing performance in adolescent basketball players.
This study has been designed to examine the effects of performing the Thrower's Ten exercises with an external focus of attention on functional performance, shoulder stability, balance, and throwing performance in adolescent basketball players. Athletes will be randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group will perform the exercises using an external focus of attention, whereas the control group will perform the same exercises without any specific attentional focus.
The methods employed in this study are expected to effectively address the research objectives. The data collection tools and analytical techniques to be used are based on validated and widely accepted tests in the literature. Functional performance will be assessed using the Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test, balance will be evaluated using the Upper Extremity Y Balance Test, and throwing performance will be measured using the Medicine Ball Throw Test.
Detailed description
The aim of this study is to comprehensively investigate the effects of the Thrower's Ten exercise program-commonly recommended to enhance shoulder stability and strength in athletes-when applied using an external focus of attention approach (i.e., directing attention toward an object or movement outside the body), on functional performance, shoulder stability, balance, and throwing performance in adolescent basketball players.
This study has been designed to examine the effects of performing the Thrower's Ten exercises with an external focus of attention on functional performance, shoulder stability, balance, and throwing performance in adolescent basketball players. Athletes will be randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group will perform the exercises using an external focus of attention, whereas the control group will perform the same exercises without any specific attentional focus.
The methods employed in this study are expected to effectively address the research objectives. The data collection tools and analytical techniques to be used are based on validated and widely accepted tests in the literature. Functional performance will be assessed using the Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test, balance will be evaluated using the Upper Extremity Y Balance Test, and throwing performance will be measured using the Medicine Ball Throw Test.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| external focus group | Experimental | Other: ExerciseThis program has been designed to improve shoulder stability, muscular strength, and overall performance. The exercise protocol to be implemented consists of the Thrower's Ten Exercise Program. Thrower's Ten Exercise Program: The Thrower's Ten Exercise Program, originally developed by Kevin E. Wilk and colleagues (1993), comprising ten different exercises, will be applied to both the experimental and control groups. The exercises included in this program are as follows: 1.a. Diagonal Pattern D2 Extension 1. b. Diagonal Pattern D2 Flexion 2. a. External Rotation at 0° Abduction 2.b. Internal Rotation at 0° Abduction 2.c. External Rotation at 90° Abduction 2.d. Internal Rotation at 90° Abduction 3. Shoulder Abduction at 90° 4. Scaption (Scapular Plane Elevation) with External Rotation 5. Side-Lying External Rotation 6.a. Prone Horizontal Abduction (Neutral) 6.b. Prone Horizontal Abduction (Full Range of Motion, 100° Abduction) 6.c. Prone Rowing 6.d. Prone Rowing with External Rotation 7 |
| control group | Active comparator | Other: Exercise with neutral attentional focusThe Thrower's Ten exercises will be performed using a neutral attentional focus approach. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 10 to 18 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Adolescent male basketball players aged 10-18 years
- With at least one year of continuous participation in basketball
- Basketball players who participate in regular training at least two days per week
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Participants will be excluded if they have a history of upper or lower extremity surgery within the past six months
- do not regularly attend training sessions
- do not consent to participate
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| ExerciseThe exercise protocol to be implemented consists of the Thrower's Ten Exercise Program. Thrower's Ten Exercise Program: The Thrower's Ten Exercise Program, originally developed by Kevin E. Wilk and colleagues (1993), comprising ten different exercises, will be applied to both the experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, an external focus of attention strategy will be employed, directing participants' attention away from their body movements toward external targets (e.g., a target board used in conjunction with a laser pointer) during the execution of the exercises. | Other | external focus group |
| Exercise with neutral attentional focusThe Thrower's Ten exercises will be performed using a neutral attentional focus approach. | Other | control group |
Primary outcome
Balance
Time frame: Assessments will be conducted before the intervention (exercise program) and after the completion of the program. The exercise program will be implemented over a period of 6 weeks. Accordingly, evaluations will be performed at baseline (pre-intervention)
The Upper Extremity Y Balance Test (UEYBT) will be used to assess shoulder stability and dynamic balance. Participants will perform reach movements in three directions (anterior, posterolateral, and posteromedial), and the reach distance will be recorded. Three trials will be performed for each direction, and the maximum reach distance will be used for analysis. The UEYBT will be conducted for both the dominant and non-dominant upper extremities. Participants will begin the test in a push-up (plank) position. In this position, one hand will be placed at the center of the Y Balance Test apparatus, while both feet will remain in contact with the ground, positioned shoulder-width apart. While maintaining this position, participants will reach maximally in three directions (medial, superolateral, and inferolateral) with the contralateral upper extremity (15). After each reach, participants will return to the starting position without compromising the push-up posture.
2 secondary outcomes
Functional performance
Time frame: Assessments will be conducted before the intervention (exercise program) and after the completion of the program. The exercise program will be implemented over a period of 6 weeks. Accordingly, evaluations will be performed at baseline (pre-intervention)
Shooting Performance
Time frame: Assessments will be conducted before the intervention (exercise program) and after the completion of the program. The exercise program will be implemented over a period of 6 weeks. Accordingly, evaluations will be performed at baseline (pre-intervention)
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 23 Apr 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Exercise and Exercise with neutral attentional focus in people with External Focus (e.g., Performing the Exercise by Directing the Individual's Attention to a Laser Beam) and Exercise Training, run by Hacettepe University.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 23 Apr 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Birgül Dıngırdan (+905444694932, birguldingirdan@gmail.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Balance (time frame: Assessments will be conducted before the intervention (exercise program) and after the completion of the program. The exercise program will be implemented over a period of 6 weeks. Accordingly, evaluations will be performed at baseline (pre-intervention)). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 23 Apr 2026; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 7 Nov 2026.