Shoulder TendinopathyHOMVRNCT07592156
Immersive Virtual Reality Versus Conventional Physiotherapy for Shoulder Tendinopathy
A study testing Conventional Therapeutic Exercise and Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Therapeutic Exercise in people with Shoulder Tendinopathy, run by Universidad de Burgos at 1 site in Spain.
Trial summary
Immersive virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a promising tool to support therapeutic exercise by increasing patient motivation, promoting movement through gamification, and potentially reducing pain perception during movement. However, evidence regarding its use in shoulder tendinopathy remains limited. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 80 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Shoulder Tendinopathy
- What is being tested?
- Conventional Therapeutic Exercise and Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Therapeutic Exercise
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 20 participants
- Where
- 1 siteSpain
- Study dates
- 1 May 2026to 1 Dec 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 80 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Confirmed diagnosis of shoulder tendinopathy.
- Referral to the shoulder rehabilitation program.
- Age between 18 and 80 years.
- Willingness to use immersive virtual reality headsets.
- Ability to understand the study procedures and provide written informed consent.
Who cannot join
- Acute or exacerbated phase of shoulder tendinopathy, defined as resting pain greater than 7 points on a 0-to-10 Numeric Rating Scale.
- Simultaneous participation in another clinical study.
- Current physiotherapy treatment for the same shoulder condition.
- Recent infiltrative treatment within the previous 3 months.
- Any condition contraindicating the use of immersive virtual reality, including photosensitive epilepsy, severe vertigo, claustrophobia, or active ocular or facial infections.
- Intolerance to the use of virtual reality headsets.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Spain1 site
University of Burgos
Burgos, 09001
Olalla Saiz Vazquez, 625685700, osaiz@ubu.es
About this study
Official title: Efficacy of Immersive Virtual Reality Compared With Conventional Physiotherapy in the Management of Shoulder Tendinopathy: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study
Immersive virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a promising tool to support therapeutic exercise by increasing patient motivation, promoting movement through gamification, and potentially reducing pain perception during movement. However, evidence regarding its use in shoulder tendinopathy remains limited.
This randomized controlled pilot study will evaluate the clinical efficacy and feasibility of an immersive VR-based exercise program compared with conventional physiotherapy in patients with shoulder tendinopathy. A total of 20 patients referred to the Rehabilitation Department of Hospital Universitario de La Línea de la Concepción will be randomly allocated to either a conventional therapeutic exercise group or an immersive VR-based exercise group. Both interventions will last 4 weeks, with 3 sessions per week, for a total of 12 sessions.
The primary outcome will be shoulder pain and disability measured with the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). Secondary outcomes will include pain intensity, upper limb function, shoulder range of motion, isometric strength, kinesiophobia, and patient satisfaction. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline and immediately after the 4-week intervention
Read the detailed description
Shoulder pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal conditions and is frequently associated with pain, functional limitation, reduced quality of life, and increased healthcare use. Conservative management based on therapeutic exercise is considered a first-line intervention for shoulder tendinopathy. Nevertheless, adherence to conventional exercise programs may be limited by monotony, pain during movement, and fear of movement.
Immersive virtual reality may offer an additional therapeutic strategy by combining supervised exercise with gamified environments that require shoulder movements such as flexion, abduction, and rotation. In this study, VR will be used as a motivational and distractive support tool and not as a replacement for therapeutic exercise principles. The VR intervention will be delivered using standalone immersive VR headsets under direct supervision by the principal investigator.
This is a single-center, prospective, randomized, controlled pilot study with two parallel groups. Participants will be patients aged 18 to 80 years with a confirmed diagnosis of shoulder tendinopathy who are referred to the Rehabilitation Department of Hospital Universitario de La Línea de la Concepción. Participants will be randomized to either the control group, receiving conventional therapeutic exercise, or the experimental group, receiving a VR-based gamified exercise program.
Both groups will complete 12 supervised sessions over 4 weeks. The control group will perform 15 minutes of stretching followed by 30 minutes of strengthening and motor control exercises using sticks, elastic bands, and free weights. The experimental group will perform the same 15-minute stretching warm-up followed by 30 minutes of immersive VR-based gamified exercises designed to elicit therapeutic shoulder movements.
Assessments will be performed at baseline before randomization and after completion of the intervention. The primary outcome will be change in the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index. Secondary outcomes will include pain intensity measured with a numerical rating scale, upper limb function measured with the QuickDASH, shoulder range of motion measured by goniometry, isometric shoulder strength measured by dynamometry, kinesiophobia measured with the TSK-11, and treatment satisfaction measured with the CSQ-8. As this is a pilot study, the sample size has been pragmatically set at 20 participants to explore feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effect estimates rather than to provide definitive evidence of efficacy.
- Conditions
- Shoulder Tendinopathy
- Being tested
- Conventional Therapeutic Exercise, Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Therapeutic Exercise
- Keywords
- rotator cuff tendinopathy, shoulder pain
- Medical subject headings
- Shoulder Pain
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Conventional Therapeutic ExerciseOther
A supervised physiotherapy program consisting of stretching, strengthening, and motor control exercises for the shoulder, delivered over 12 sessions during 4 weeks.
Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Therapeutic ExerciseOther
A supervised therapeutic exercise program supported by immersive virtual reality. Standalone virtual reality headsets will be used to deliver gamified exercises requiring shoulder movements, including flexion, abduction, and rotation. Virtual reality will be used as a motivational and distractive support tool, not as a replacement for therapeutic exercise principles.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Conventional Therapeutic Exercise | Active comparator | Participants allocated to the control group will receive a conventional therapeutic exercise program for shoulder tendinopathy. The intervention will consist of 12 supervised sessions over 4 weeks, with 3 sessions per week. Each session will include 15 minutes of stretching followed by 30 minutes of strengthening and motor control exercises using sticks, elastic bands, and free weights. Receives: Other: Conventional Therapeutic Exercise |
| Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Physiotherapy | Experimental | Participants allocated to the experimental group will receive an immersive virtual reality-based therapeutic exercise program for shoulder tendinopathy. The intervention will consist of 12 supervised sessions over 4 weeks, with 3 sessions per week. Each session will include 15 minutes of stretching followed by 30 minutes of gamified shoulder exercises using immersive virtual reality headsets. The virtual reality exercises will require shoulder flexion, abduction, and rotational movements and will be supervised by the principal investigator. Receives: Other: Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Therapeutic Exercise |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) score
The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) will be used to assess shoulder pain and disability. The SPADI includes pain and disability domains, with scores ranging from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate greater pain and disability. The primary endpoint will be the change in total SPADI score from baseline to post-intervention.
Measured: Baseline and immediately after the 4-week intervention
Secondary outcomes (6)
Change in pain intensity measured with the Numeric Rating Scale
Pain intensity will be assessed using an 11-point Numeric Rating Scale from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates the worst imaginable pain.
Measured: Baseline and immediately after the 4-week intervention
Change in upper limb function measured with the QuickDASH score
Upper limb function will be assessed using the 11-item QuickDASH questionnaire. Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater disability.
Measured: Baseline and immediately after the 4-week intervention
Change in shoulder range of motion
Shoulder range of motion will be measured using a universal manual goniometer for flexion, abduction, external rotation, and internal rotation. Values will be recorded in degrees.
Measured: Baseline and immediately after the 4-week intervention
Change in isometric shoulder strength
Isometric shoulder strength will be assessed using digital dynamometry for flexion, abduction, internal rotation, and external rotation. Values will be recorded in kilograms
Measured: Baseline and immediately after the 4-week intervention
Change in kinesiophobia measured with the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia-11
Kinesiophobia will be assessed using the 11-item Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia. Each item is scored from 1 to 4, with higher scores indicating greater fear of movement.
Measured: Baseline and immediately after the 4-week intervention
Patient satisfaction measured with the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire-8
Treatment satisfaction will be assessed using the 8-item Client Satisfaction Questionnaire. Higher scores indicate greater satisfaction with the received intervention.
Measured: Immediately after the 4-week intervention
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted18 May 2026
- Study start1 May 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion1 Nov 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion1 Dec 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (10)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Shoulder TendinopathyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Randomized, open-label, single-center, controlled pilot study with two parallel groups. Participants with shoulder tendinopathy will be assigned to either conventional physiotherapy or an immersive virtual reality-based therapeutic exercise program. Both groups will receive 12 supervised sessions over 4 weeks.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 20 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Universidad de Burgos
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, OLALLA SAIZ VAZQUEZ, Universidad de Burgos
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07592156
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- RHB-HOMVR-2026
- Other IDs
- SICEIA-2026-000558
- Acronym
- HOMVR
- Status last verified
- May 2026
- First submitted
- 11 May 2026
- Last updated
- 18 May 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: Individual participant data will not be shared. Data will be pseudonymized and stored securely in accordance with applicable European and Spanish data protection regulations. Aggregated study results may be disseminated through scientific reports or publications.
Publications
Downie WW, Leatham PA, Rhind VM, Wright V, Branco JA, Anderson JA. Studies with pain rating scales. Ann Rheum Dis. 1978 Aug;37(4):378-81. doi: 10.1136/ard.37.4.378.
PubMed 686873Larsen DL, Attkisson CC, Hargreaves WA, Nguyen TD. Assessment of client/patient satisfaction: development of a general scale. Eval Program Plann. 1979;2(3):197-207. doi: 10.1016/0149-7189(79)90094-6. No abstract available.
PubMed 10245370Woby SR, Roach NK, Urmston M, Watson PJ. Psychometric properties of the TSK-11: a shortened version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia. Pain. 2005 Sep;117(1-2):137-44. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2005.05.029.
PubMed 16055269Beaton DE, Wright JG, Katz JN; Upper Extremity Collaborative Group. Development of the QuickDASH: comparison of three item-reduction approaches. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2005 May;87(5):1038-46. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.D.02060.
PubMed 15866967Roach KE, Budiman-Mak E, Songsiridej N, Lertratanakul Y. Development of a shoulder pain and disability index. Arthritis Care Res. 1991 Dec;4(4):143-9.
PubMed 11188601Kalikanov S, Baizhanova A, Tungushpayev M, Viderman D. Virtual reality for the management of musculoskeletal pain: an umbrella review. Front Med (Lausanne). 2025 Jul 9;12:1572464. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1572464. eCollection 2025.
PubMed 40703264Selles WL, Santos EC, Romero BD, Lunardi AC. Effectiveness of gamified exercise programs on the level of physical activity in adults with chronic diseases: a systematic review. Disabil Rehabil. 2024 Dec;46(26):6231-6239. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2323614. Epub 2024 Mar 5.
PubMed 38444153Vila-Dieguez O, Heindel MD, Awokuse D, Kulig K, Michener LA. Exercise for rotator cuff tendinopathy: Proposed mechanisms of recovery. Shoulder Elbow. 2023 Jun;15(3):233-249. doi: 10.1177/17585732231172166. Epub 2023 May 4.
PubMed 37325389Desmeules F, Roy JS, Lafrance S, Charron M, Dube MO, Dupuis F, Beneciuk JM, Grimes J, Kim HM, Lamontagne M, McCreesh K, Shanley E, Vukobrat T, Michener LA. Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy Diagnosis, Nonsurgical Medical Care, and Rehabilitation: A Clinical Practice Guideline. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2025 Apr;55(4):235-274. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2025.13182.
PubMed 40165544Lucas J, van Doorn P, Hegedus E, Lewis J, van der Windt D. A systematic review of the global prevalence and incidence of shoulder pain. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022 Dec 8;23(1):1073. doi: 10.1186/s12891-022-05973-8.
PubMed 36476476
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 18 May 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Efficacy of Immersive Virtual Reality Compared With Conventional Physiotherapy in the Management of Shoulder Tendinopathy: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07592156
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- HOMVR / RHB-HOMVR-2026
- Conditions
- Shoulder Tendinopathy
- Keywords
- rotator cuff tendinopathy, shoulder pain
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 20 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Universidad de BurgosUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 May 2026 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 1 Nov 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 1 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 18 May 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Immersive virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a promising tool to support therapeutic exercise by increasing patient motivation, promoting movement through gamification, and potentially reducing pain perception during movement. However, evidence regarding its use in shoulder tendinopathy remains limited.
This randomized controlled pilot study will evaluate the clinical efficacy and feasibility of an immersive VR-based exercise program compared with conventional physiotherapy in patients with shoulder tendinopathy. A total of 20 patients referred to the Rehabilitation Department of Hospital Universitario de La Línea de la Concepción will be randomly allocated to either a conventional therapeutic exercise group or an immersive VR-based exercise group. Both interventions will last 4 weeks, with 3 sessions per week, for a total of 12 sessions.
The primary outcome will be shoulder pain and disability measured with the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). Secondary outcomes will include pain intensity, upper limb function, shoulder range of motion, isometric strength, kinesiophobia, and patient satisfaction. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline and immediately after the 4-week intervention
Detailed description
Shoulder pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal conditions and is frequently associated with pain, functional limitation, reduced quality of life, and increased healthcare use. Conservative management based on therapeutic exercise is considered a first-line intervention for shoulder tendinopathy. Nevertheless, adherence to conventional exercise programs may be limited by monotony, pain during movement, and fear of movement.
Immersive virtual reality may offer an additional therapeutic strategy by combining supervised exercise with gamified environments that require shoulder movements such as flexion, abduction, and rotation. In this study, VR will be used as a motivational and distractive support tool and not as a replacement for therapeutic exercise principles. The VR intervention will be delivered using standalone immersive VR headsets under direct supervision by the principal investigator.
This is a single-center, prospective, randomized, controlled pilot study with two parallel groups. Participants will be patients aged 18 to 80 years with a confirmed diagnosis of shoulder tendinopathy who are referred to the Rehabilitation Department of Hospital Universitario de La Línea de la Concepción. Participants will be randomized to either the control group, receiving conventional therapeutic exercise, or the experimental group, receiving a VR-based gamified exercise program.
Both groups will complete 12 supervised sessions over 4 weeks. The control group will perform 15 minutes of stretching followed by 30 minutes of strengthening and motor control exercises using sticks, elastic bands, and free weights. The experimental group will perform the same 15-minute stretching warm-up followed by 30 minutes of immersive VR-based gamified exercises designed to elicit therapeutic shoulder movements.
Assessments will be performed at baseline before randomization and after completion of the intervention. The primary outcome will be change in the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index. Secondary outcomes will include pain intensity measured with a numerical rating scale, upper limb function measured with the QuickDASH, shoulder range of motion measured by goniometry, isometric shoulder strength measured by dynamometry, kinesiophobia measured with the TSK-11, and treatment satisfaction measured with the CSQ-8. As this is a pilot study, the sample size has been pragmatically set at 20 participants to explore feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effect estimates rather than to provide definitive evidence of efficacy.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Randomized, open-label, single-center, controlled pilot study with two parallel groups. Participants with shoulder tendinopathy will be assigned to either conventional physiotherapy or an immersive virtual reality-based therapeutic exercise program. Both groups will receive 12 supervised sessions over 4 weeks.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Conventional Therapeutic Exercise | Active comparator | Other: Conventional Therapeutic ExerciseParticipants allocated to the control group will receive a conventional therapeutic exercise program for shoulder tendinopathy. The intervention will consist of 12 supervised sessions over 4 weeks, with 3 sessions per week. Each session will include 15 minutes of stretching followed by 30 minutes of strengthening and motor control exercises using sticks, elastic bands, and free weights. |
| Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Physiotherapy | Experimental | Other: Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Therapeutic ExerciseParticipants allocated to the experimental group will receive an immersive virtual reality-based therapeutic exercise program for shoulder tendinopathy. The intervention will consist of 12 supervised sessions over 4 weeks, with 3 sessions per week. Each session will include 15 minutes of stretching followed by 30 minutes of gamified shoulder exercises using immersive virtual reality headsets. The virtual reality exercises will require shoulder flexion, abduction, and rotational movements and will be supervised by the principal investigator. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 80 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Confirmed diagnosis of shoulder tendinopathy.
- Referral to the shoulder rehabilitation program.
- Age between 18 and 80 years.
- Willingness to use immersive virtual reality headsets.
- Ability to understand the study procedures and provide written informed consent.
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Acute or exacerbated phase of shoulder tendinopathy, defined as resting pain greater than 7 points on a 0-to-10 Numeric Rating Scale.
- Simultaneous participation in another clinical study.
- Current physiotherapy treatment for the same shoulder condition.
- Recent infiltrative treatment within the previous 3 months.
- Any condition contraindicating the use of immersive virtual reality, including photosensitive epilepsy, severe vertigo, claustrophobia, or active ocular or facial infections.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Conventional Therapeutic ExerciseA supervised physiotherapy program consisting of stretching, strengthening, and motor control exercises for the shoulder, delivered over 12 sessions during 4 weeks. | Other | Conventional Therapeutic Exercise |
| Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Therapeutic ExerciseA supervised therapeutic exercise program supported by immersive virtual reality. Standalone virtual reality headsets will be used to deliver gamified exercises requiring shoulder movements, including flexion, abduction, and rotation. Virtual reality will be used as a motivational and distractive support tool, not as a replacement for therapeutic exercise principles. | Other | Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Physiotherapy |
Primary outcome
Change in Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) score
Time frame: Baseline and immediately after the 4-week intervention
The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) will be used to assess shoulder pain and disability. The SPADI includes pain and disability domains, with scores ranging from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate greater pain and disability. The primary endpoint will be the change in total SPADI score from baseline to post-intervention.
6 secondary outcomes
Change in pain intensity measured with the Numeric Rating Scale
Time frame: Baseline and immediately after the 4-week intervention
Change in upper limb function measured with the QuickDASH score
Time frame: Baseline and immediately after the 4-week intervention
Change in shoulder range of motion
Time frame: Baseline and immediately after the 4-week intervention
Change in isometric shoulder strength
Time frame: Baseline and immediately after the 4-week intervention
Change in kinesiophobia measured with the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia-11
Time frame: Baseline and immediately after the 4-week intervention
Patient satisfaction measured with the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire-8
Time frame: Immediately after the 4-week intervention
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 18 May 2026.
- Background: PubMed 686873Downie WW, Leatham PA, Rhind VM, Wright V, Branco JA, Anderson JA. Studies with pain rating scales. Ann Rheum Dis. 1978 Aug;37(4):378-81. doi: 10.1136/ard.37.4.378.
- Background: PubMed 10245370Larsen DL, Attkisson CC, Hargreaves WA, Nguyen TD. Assessment of client/patient satisfaction: development of a general scale. Eval Program Plann. 1979;2(3):197-207. doi: 10.1016/0149-7189(79)90094-6. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 16055269Woby SR, Roach NK, Urmston M, Watson PJ. Psychometric properties of the TSK-11: a shortened version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia. Pain. 2005 Sep;117(1-2):137-44. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2005.05.029.
- Background: PubMed 15866967Beaton DE, Wright JG, Katz JN; Upper Extremity Collaborative Group. Development of the QuickDASH: comparison of three item-reduction approaches. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2005 May;87(5):1038-46. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.D.02060.
- Background: PubMed 11188601Roach KE, Budiman-Mak E, Songsiridej N, Lertratanakul Y. Development of a shoulder pain and disability index. Arthritis Care Res. 1991 Dec;4(4):143-9.
- Background: PubMed 40703264Kalikanov S, Baizhanova A, Tungushpayev M, Viderman D. Virtual reality for the management of musculoskeletal pain: an umbrella review. Front Med (Lausanne). 2025 Jul 9;12:1572464. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1572464. eCollection 2025.
- Background: PubMed 38444153Selles WL, Santos EC, Romero BD, Lunardi AC. Effectiveness of gamified exercise programs on the level of physical activity in adults with chronic diseases: a systematic review. Disabil Rehabil. 2024 Dec;46(26):6231-6239. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2323614. Epub 2024 Mar 5.
- Background: PubMed 37325389Vila-Dieguez O, Heindel MD, Awokuse D, Kulig K, Michener LA. Exercise for rotator cuff tendinopathy: Proposed mechanisms of recovery. Shoulder Elbow. 2023 Jun;15(3):233-249. doi: 10.1177/17585732231172166. Epub 2023 May 4.
- Background: PubMed 40165544Desmeules F, Roy JS, Lafrance S, Charron M, Dube MO, Dupuis F, Beneciuk JM, Grimes J, Kim HM, Lamontagne M, McCreesh K, Shanley E, Vukobrat T, Michener LA. Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy Diagnosis, Nonsurgical Medical Care, and Rehabilitation: A Clinical Practice Guideline. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2025 Apr;55(4):235-274. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2025.13182.
- Background: PubMed 36476476Lucas J, van Doorn P, Hegedus E, Lewis J, van der Windt D. A systematic review of the global prevalence and incidence of shoulder pain. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022 Dec 8;23(1):1073. doi: 10.1186/s12891-022-05973-8.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. Individual participant data will not be shared. Data will be pseudonymized and stored securely in accordance with applicable European and Spanish data protection regulations. Aggregated study results may be disseminated through scientific reports or publications.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Conventional Therapeutic Exercise and Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Therapeutic Exercise in people with Shoulder Tendinopathy, run by Universidad de Burgos at 1 site in Spain.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 May 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Spain. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Olalla Saiz Vazquez, phd (+34625685700, osaiz@ubu.es), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) score (time frame: Baseline and immediately after the 4-week intervention). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07592156, which also lists 10 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 May 2026.