Chronic Ankle Instability, CAINCT07612358
Comparing Two Training Frequencies of Balance Training for Chronic Ankle Instability
A study testing PHSB Training - High Frequency Short Duration and PHSB Training - Low Frequency Long Duration in people with Chronic Ankle Instability, CAI and Chronic Ankle Instability, run by University of Utah at 1 site in China.
Trial summary
This study compares two progressive hop-to-stabilization balance (PHSB) training schedules with equal total training volume in people with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Current evidence supports the effectiveness of PHSB training for CAI rehabilitation, but no study has directly compared different training… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 16 to 49 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Chronic Ankle Instability, CAI, Chronic Ankle Instability
- What is being tested?
- PHSB Training - High Frequency Short Duration and PHSB Training - Low Frequency Long Duration
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 57 participants
- Where
- 1 siteChina
- Study dates
- 8 Nov 2023to 16 Mar 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 16 to 49 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult
Who may be able to join
- History of at least one lateral ankle sprain with inflammatory signs (swelling, pain) and inability to bear weight on the affected side for at least one day after injury, per International Ankle Consortium criteria.
- At least two episodes of giving way, recurrent ankle sprains, or perceived ankle instability within 6 months prior to enrollment.
- Time since first ankle sprain greater than 12 months.
- Time since most recent ankle sprain greater than 3 months.
- No history of fracture or surgery in either lower extremity.
- No other injuries causing inability to bear weight on either lower extremity within the past 3 months.
Show all 10Show fewer
- Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) score of 24 or below
- Physically active: engaging in at least 30 minutes of moderate or higher intensity physical activity on at least 3 days per week.
- Age 16-49 years.
- Willing to provide written informed consent -
Who cannot join
- History of lower extremity surgery or lower extremity fracture affecting lower limb function
- Acute ankle sprain within 6 weeks prior to enrollment
- Foot or ankle immobilization for more than 48 hours within the past 6 months
- Neurological, vestibular, or other medical conditions affecting muscle strength or proprioceptive function
- Currently receiving other rehabilitation treatment for the ankle -
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Comparing Two Training Frequencies of Dose-equivalent Hop-to-stabilization Balance Training on Sensorimotor Function and Plantar Biomechanics in Chronic Ankle Instability: a Randomized Controlled Trial
This study compares two progressive hop-to-stabilization balance (PHSB) training schedules with equal total training volume in people with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Current evidence supports the effectiveness of PHSB training for CAI rehabilitation, but no study has directly compared different training frequencies when total training dose is held constant.
Sixty participants with CAI were randomly assigned to three groups: a 4-week group (3 sessions per week, 12 sessions total, n=23), a 6-week group (2 sessions per week, 12 sessions total, n=22), and a waitlist control group (n=12). Each session lasted 20 minutes and followed the standardized PHSB protocol, including single-limb hops to stabilization, hops to stabilization and reach, unanticipated hop to stabilization, and single-limb stance activities with progressive difficulty. The control group received the intervention after study completion.
Read more
The primary outcomes are sensory organization measured by the Sensory Organization Test (composite score, six condition equilibrium scores, and four sensory ratios for somatosensory, visual, vestibular, and visual preference) and strategy analysis scores, and regional plantar pressure distribution during walking measured by FreeSTEP (peak force normalized to body weight across the first through fifth metatarsal heads, hallux, medial hindfoot, and lateral hindfoot).
Secondary outcomes include self-reported ankle function (Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool), dynamic balance (Y-Balance Test and side-hop test), static postural stability during single-leg stance measured by FreeSTEP (center of pressure mean velocity, confidence ellipse area, sway length, anteroposterior and mediolateral standard deviation of COP displacement, and Romberg index calculated as eyes-closed to eyes-open ratio of ellipse area), forefoot-rearfoot and medial-lateral plantar load ratios during walking, ankle range of motion measured by goniometer, and ankle muscle strength assessed by manual muscle testing.
This study aims to determine whether different training frequency schedules produce similar or distinct rehabilitation outcomes across sensorimotor, biomechanical, and patient-reported domains, providing evidence for flexible and individualized exercise prescription in CAI management.
- Being tested
- PHSB Training - High Frequency Short Duration, PHSB Training - Low Frequency Long Duration
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
PHSB Training - High Frequency Short DurationBehavioural
Standardized progressive hop-to-stabilization balance training performed 3 times per week for 4 weeks (12 sessions, 20 minutes per session, 240 minutes total). Training sessions were scheduled with approximately equal inter-session intervals (48-72 hours). The protocol consisted of four components with progressive difficulty levels: (1) single-limb stance activities under eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions on firm and foam surfaces with 7 levels, (2) single-limb hops to stabilization in four directions at three distances (45, 68, 91 cm) with 7 levels, (3) hops to stabilization and reach with 7 levels, and (4) unanticipated hop to stabilization using a numbered 9-grid system with 7 levels. Progression occurred when participants completed a level without errors. n=23.
PHSB Training - Low Frequency Long DurationBehavioural
Identical progressive hop-to-stabilization balance training protocol as Intervention 1, performed 2 times per week for 6 weeks (12 sessions, 20 minutes per session, 240 minutes total). Training sessions were scheduled with approximately equal inter-session intervals (72-96 hours). Training content, progression criteria, difficulty levels, and exercise components were the same as the 4-week protocol. The only difference was the distribution of training sessions across a longer period at a lower weekly frequency. n=22.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| 4-Week PHSB Training Group | Experimental | Participants received progressive hop-to-stabilization balance training 3 times per week for 4 weeks (12 sessions total, 20 minutes per session). The training protocol included four components: single-limb stance activities with 7 progressive difficulty levels under eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions, single-limb hops to stabilization in four directions at three distances (45cm, 68cm, 91cm), hops to stabilization and reach with 7 progressive levels, and unanticipated hop to stabilization using a 9-grid system with 7 progressive levels. Training sessions were scheduled with approximately equal inter-session intervals (48-72 hours between sessions). n=23. Receives: Behavioral: PHSB Training - High Frequency Short Duration |
| 6-Week PHSB Training Group | Experimental | Participants received the same progressive hop-to-stabilization balance training protocol as the 4-week group, but at a frequency of 2 times per week for 6 weeks (12 sessions total, 20 minutes per session). Training content, progression criteria, and difficulty levels were identical to the 4-week group. Training sessions were scheduled with approximately equal inter-session intervals (72-96 hours between sessions).n=22. Receives: Behavioral: PHSB Training - Low Frequency Long Duration |
| Waitlist Control Group | No intervention | Participants received no therapeutic intervention during the study period. Health education was provided during the waiting period. All control group participants were offered the PHSB training program upon completion of the study to ensure ethical treatment. n=12. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT)
Self-reported ankle function questionnaire assessing perceived ankle instability during daily and sporting activities. Total score ranges 0-30, with higher scores indicating better ankle stability. A score below 24 indicates chronic ankle instability per International Ankle Consortium criteria. The minimal clinically important difference is 3 points. The Chinese version has demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach alpha 0.815) and test-retest reliability (ICC 0.99).
Measured: Baseline (within 1 week before intervention) and post-intervention (within 1 week after completion of the training program)
Y-Balance Test (YBT)
Dynamic balance assessment measuring maximum reach distance in three directions (anterior, posteromedial, posterolateral) during single-leg stance on the affected limb. Reach distances were normalized to limb length and expressed as percentage. Three trials per direction with the best value selected, and the average of three directions used as the final score. Higher scores indicate better dynamic balance.
Measured: Baseline (within 1 week before intervention) and post-intervention (within 1 week after completion of the training program)
Secondary outcomes (9)
SOT Sensory Ratios
Four sensory ratios derived from the Sensory Organization Test: somatosensory ratio (Condition 2 / Condition 1), visual ratio (Condition 4 / Condition 1), vestibular ratio (Condition 5 / Condition 1), and visual preference ratio ((Condition 3 + Condition 6) / (Condition 2 + Condition 5)). Higher scores indicate better utilization of the corresponding sensory system for postural control. These ratios assess changes in sensory reweighting strategies following intervention.
Measured: Baseline and post-intervention (within 1 week after completion of the training program)
SOT Balance Performance
Composite equilibrium score (overall balance, range 0-100), individual equilibrium scores for each of the six Sensory Organization Test conditions (Condition 1 through Condition 6, each range 0-100), and strategy analysis scores indicating the relative use of ankle-dominant versus hip-dominant postural control strategies. Higher equilibrium and strategy scores indicate better balance performance. Assessed using a virtual dynamic balance testing system.
Measured: Baseline and post-intervention (within 1 week after completion of the training program)
Regional Plantar Pressure Distribution During Walking
Peak force normalized to body weight (PF/W, N/kg) at eight anatomical foot regions during level walking, measured by FreeSTEP system at 200 Hz sampling frequency: first through fifth metatarsal heads (M1-M5), hallux (T1), medial hindfoot (HM), and lateral hindfoot (HL). Data collected over 30 seconds of steady-state walking and averaged across 9 representative gait cycles. Changes in regional pressure distribution reflect altered foot loading patterns and ankle inversion tendency.
Measured: Baseline and post-intervention (within 1 week after completion of the training program)
Static Postural Stability Parameters During Single-Leg Stance
Center of pressure parameters during 10-second single-leg stance on the affected limb, measured by FreeSTEP system under both eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions: COP mean velocity (mm/s), confidence ellipse area (mm2), sway length (mm), and standard deviation of COP displacement in anteroposterior (SD-Y) and mediolateral (SD-X) directions. Three trials per condition with 60-second rest intervals, averaged for analysis. Lower values indicate better postural stability.
Measured: Baseline and post-intervention (within 1 week after completion of the training program)
Romberg Index
Ratio of eyes-closed to eyes-open postural stability parameters calculated from FreeSTEP single-leg stance data, including confidence ellipse area ratio, sway length ratio, and COP velocity ratio. Higher values indicate greater reliance on visual input for postural control. A decrease following intervention suggests reduced visual dependence and improved proprioceptive and vestibular contributions to balance.
Measured: Baseline and post-intervention (within 1 week after completion of the training program)
Plantar Load Distribution Ratios During Walking
Forefoot-to-rearfoot and medial-to-lateral plantar load distribution ratios (%) during walking, measured by FreeSTEP dynamic analysis. Changes in these ratios reflect shifts in overall foot loading strategy related to ankle inversion tendency in individuals with chronic ankle instability.
Measured: Baseline and post-intervention (within 1 week after completion of the training program)
Side-Hop Test
Timed functional performance test measuring the time required to complete 10 lateral hops over two lines spaced 30 cm apart on the affected limb, performed barefoot. Three trials with the best time recorded. Shorter completion time indicates better dynamic ankle function and neuromuscular control.
Measured: Baseline and post-intervention (within 1 week after completion of the training program)
Ankle Range of Motion
Active ankle joint range of motion measured by goniometer, including dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, inversion, and eversion of the affected ankle, recorded in degrees. Three trials per direction will be performed, and the maximum value will be used for analysis. This measure provides information on peripheral musculoskeletal adaptations following training.
Measured: Baseline and post-intervention (within 1 week after completion of the training program)
Ankle Muscle Strength
Isometric ankle muscle strength of dorsiflexors, plantarflexors, invertors, and evertors assessed using a hand-held dynamometer and recorded in Newtons. Three trials per direction will be performed, and the maximum value will be used for analysis. This measure provides information on peripheral musculoskeletal adaptations following training.
Measured: Baseline and post-intervention (within 1 week after completion of the training program)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted28 May 2026
- Study start8 Nov 2023
- Primary completion17 Jan 2025
- Study completion16 Mar 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Chronic Ankle Instability, CAIStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of UtahThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Participants were randomly assigned in a 2:2:1 ratio to one of three parallel groups: a 4-week high-frequency PHSB training group, a 6-week low-frequency PHSB training group, or a waitlist control group. The two training groups received the same total training volume (12 sessions, 20 minutes each, 240 minutes total) but differed in weekly frequency and overall duration. The control group received no intervention during the study period and was offered the training upon study completion.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 57 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Utah
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Beijing Sport University
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Xiaojing Huang, University of Utah
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07612358
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2024034H
- Status last verified
- May 2026
- First submitted
- 19 May 2026
- Last updated
- 28 May 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 28 May 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparing Two Training Frequencies of Dose-equivalent Hop-to-stabilization Balance Training on Sensorimotor Function and Plantar Biomechanics in Chronic Ankle Instability: a Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07612358
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2024034H
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 57 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of UtahUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Beijing Sport University
- Study start
- 8 Nov 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 17 Jan 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 16 Mar 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 28 May 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study compares two progressive hop-to-stabilization balance (PHSB) training schedules with equal total training volume in people with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Current evidence supports the effectiveness of PHSB training for CAI rehabilitation, but no study has directly compared different training frequencies when total training dose is held constant.
Sixty participants with CAI were randomly assigned to three groups: a 4-week group (3 sessions per week, 12 sessions total, n=23), a 6-week group (2 sessions per week, 12 sessions total, n=22), and a waitlist control group (n=12). Each session lasted 20 minutes and followed the standardized PHSB protocol, including single-limb hops to stabilization, hops to stabilization and reach, unanticipated hop to stabilization, and single-limb stance activities with progressive difficulty. The control group received the intervention after study completion.
The primary outcomes are sensory organization measured by the Sensory Organization Test (composite score, six condition equilibrium scores, and four sensory ratios for somatosensory, visual, vestibular, and visual preference) and strategy analysis scores, and regional plantar pressure distribution during walking measured by FreeSTEP (peak force normalized to body weight across the first through fifth metatarsal heads, hallux, medial hindfoot, and lateral hindfoot).
Secondary outcomes include self-reported ankle function (Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool), dynamic balance (Y-Balance Test and side-hop test), static postural stability during single-leg stance measured by FreeSTEP (center of pressure mean velocity, confidence ellipse area, sway length, anteroposterior and mediolateral standard deviation of COP displacement, and Romberg index calculated as eyes-closed to eyes-open ratio of ellipse area), forefoot-rearfoot and medial-lateral plantar load ratios during walking, ankle range of motion measured by goniometer, and ankle muscle strength assessed by manual muscle testing.
This study aims to determine whether different training frequency schedules produce similar or distinct rehabilitation outcomes across sensorimotor, biomechanical, and patient-reported domains, providing evidence for flexible and individualized exercise prescription in CAI management.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 3
- Model description
- Participants were randomly assigned in a 2:2:1 ratio to one of three parallel groups: a 4-week high-frequency PHSB training group, a 6-week low-frequency PHSB training group, or a waitlist control group. The two training groups received the same total training volume (12 sessions, 20 minutes each, 240 minutes total) but differed in weekly frequency and overall duration. The control group received no intervention during the study period and was offered the training upon study completion.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| 4-Week PHSB Training Group | Experimental | Behavioral: PHSB Training - High Frequency Short DurationParticipants received progressive hop-to-stabilization balance training 3 times per week for 4 weeks (12 sessions total, 20 minutes per session). The training protocol included four components: single-limb stance activities with 7 progressive difficulty levels under eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions, single-limb hops to stabilization in four directions at three distances (45cm, 68cm, 91cm), hops to stabilization and reach with 7 progressive levels, and unanticipated hop to stabilization using a 9-grid system with 7 progressive levels. Training sessions were scheduled with approximately equal inter-session intervals (48-72 hours between sessions). n=23. |
| 6-Week PHSB Training Group | Experimental | Behavioral: PHSB Training - Low Frequency Long DurationParticipants received the same progressive hop-to-stabilization balance training protocol as the 4-week group, but at a frequency of 2 times per week for 6 weeks (12 sessions total, 20 minutes per session). Training content, progression criteria, and difficulty levels were identical to the 4-week group. Training sessions were scheduled with approximately equal inter-session intervals (72-96 hours between sessions).n=22. |
| Waitlist Control Group | No intervention | –Participants received no therapeutic intervention during the study period. Health education was provided during the waiting period. All control group participants were offered the PHSB training program upon completion of the study to ensure ethical treatment. n=12. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 16 to 49 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
Key inclusion criteria (10 listed)
- History of at least one lateral ankle sprain with inflammatory signs (swelling, pain) and inability to bear weight on the affected side for at least one day after injury, per International Ankle Consortium criteria.
- At least two episodes of giving way, recurrent ankle sprains, or perceived ankle instability within 6 months prior to enrollment.
- Time since first ankle sprain greater than 12 months.
- Time since most recent ankle sprain greater than 3 months.
- No history of fracture or surgery in either lower extremity.
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- History of lower extremity surgery or lower extremity fracture affecting lower limb function
- Acute ankle sprain within 6 weeks prior to enrollment
- Foot or ankle immobilization for more than 48 hours within the past 6 months
- Neurological, vestibular, or other medical conditions affecting muscle strength or proprioceptive function
- Currently receiving other rehabilitation treatment for the ankle -
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| PHSB Training - High Frequency Short DurationStandardized progressive hop-to-stabilization balance training performed 3 times per week for 4 weeks (12 sessions, 20 minutes per session, 240 minutes total). Training sessions were scheduled with approximately equal inter-session intervals (48-72 hours). The protocol consisted of four components with progressive difficulty levels: (1) single-limb stance activities under eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions on firm and foam surfaces with 7 levels, (2) single-limb hops to stabilization in four directions at three distances (45, 68, 91 cm) with 7 levels, (3) hops to stabilization and reach with 7 levels, and (4) unanticipated hop to stabilization using a numbered 9-grid system with 7 levels. Progression occurred when participants completed a level without errors. n=23. | Behavioural | 4-Week PHSB Training Group |
| PHSB Training - Low Frequency Long DurationIdentical progressive hop-to-stabilization balance training protocol as Intervention 1, performed 2 times per week for 6 weeks (12 sessions, 20 minutes per session, 240 minutes total). Training sessions were scheduled with approximately equal inter-session intervals (72-96 hours). Training content, progression criteria, difficulty levels, and exercise components were the same as the 4-week protocol. The only difference was the distribution of training sessions across a longer period at a lower weekly frequency. n=22. | Behavioural | 6-Week PHSB Training Group |
Primary outcome
Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT)
Time frame: Baseline (within 1 week before intervention) and post-intervention (within 1 week after completion of the training program)
Self-reported ankle function questionnaire assessing perceived ankle instability during daily and sporting activities. Total score ranges 0-30, with higher scores indicating better ankle stability. A score below 24 indicates chronic ankle instability per International Ankle Consortium criteria. The minimal clinically important difference is 3 points. The Chinese version has demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach alpha 0.815) and test-retest reliability (ICC 0.99).
Y-Balance Test (YBT)
Time frame: Baseline (within 1 week before intervention) and post-intervention (within 1 week after completion of the training program)
Dynamic balance assessment measuring maximum reach distance in three directions (anterior, posteromedial, posterolateral) during single-leg stance on the affected limb. Reach distances were normalized to limb length and expressed as percentage. Three trials per direction with the best value selected, and the average of three directions used as the final score. Higher scores indicate better dynamic balance.
9 secondary outcomes
SOT Sensory Ratios
Time frame: Baseline and post-intervention (within 1 week after completion of the training program)
SOT Balance Performance
Time frame: Baseline and post-intervention (within 1 week after completion of the training program)
Regional Plantar Pressure Distribution During Walking
Time frame: Baseline and post-intervention (within 1 week after completion of the training program)
Static Postural Stability Parameters During Single-Leg Stance
Time frame: Baseline and post-intervention (within 1 week after completion of the training program)
Romberg Index
Time frame: Baseline and post-intervention (within 1 week after completion of the training program)
Plantar Load Distribution Ratios During Walking
Time frame: Baseline and post-intervention (within 1 week after completion of the training program)
Side-Hop Test
Time frame: Baseline and post-intervention (within 1 week after completion of the training program)
Ankle Range of Motion
Time frame: Baseline and post-intervention (within 1 week after completion of the training program)
Ankle Muscle Strength
Time frame: Baseline and post-intervention (within 1 week after completion of the training program)
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 28 May 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing PHSB Training - High Frequency Short Duration and PHSB Training - Low Frequency Long Duration in people with Chronic Ankle Instability, CAI and Chronic Ankle Instability, run by University of Utah at 1 site in China.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 10 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 28 May 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in China. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) (time frame: Baseline (within 1 week before intervention) and post-intervention (within 1 week after completion of the training program)). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 28 May 2026.