Educational ProblemsNCT07617415
Virtual Reality Supported by Wearable Technology on Nursing Students
A study testing Immersive Virtual Reality in people with Educational Problems and Nurse's Role, run by Gümüşhane Universıty at 2 sites in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This study will examine the effects of brief immersive virtual reality (IVR) exposure (10-15 minutes) using commercially available applications (Beat Saber, TRIPP) on nursing students' clinical anxiety, stress, and adaptation, compared with usual clinical preparation in a control group. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 60 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Educational Problems, Nurse's Role
- What is being tested?
- Immersive Virtual Reality
- Type of treatment
- Medical device
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 90 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Jan 2023to 31 Mar 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 60 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- -Be the undergraduate nursing student enrolled in the "Surgical Nursing" course in a pre-bachelor degree program at the University
Who cannot join
- Had vision impairment that prevented them from watching IVR videos, neck pain or injury that prevented them from moving their head, or an open wound that prevented them from wearing the IVR headset
- Experienced nausea and dizziness when watching IVR videos
- Had epileptic symptoms.
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)2 sites
Aydanur AYDIN
Gümüşhane, 28010
Gumushane University
Gümüşhane
About this study
Official title: Effects of Immersive Virtual Reality Supported by Wearable Technology on Clinical Anxiety, Stress, and Adaptation in Nursing Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial
This study will examine the effects of brief immersive virtual reality (IVR) exposure (10-15 minutes) using commercially available applications (Beat Saber, TRIPP) on nursing students' clinical anxiety, stress, and adaptation, compared with usual clinical preparation in a control group. It will be assumed that anxiety experienced during clinical practice may negatively affect students' success.
The research will be designed as a prospective, randomized controlled trial. The study will be conducted with 195 students enrolled in the Department of Surgical Nursing at the Faculty of Nursing of an academic institution. Students will be divided into two groups using a simple randomization method. Those in the intervention group will practice with IVR goggles in the clinical setting, engaging in game-based activities involving breathing exercises and aerobics. Data will be collected using the Demographics Questionnaire, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Clinical Success Evaluation Form, and the Stress, Adaptation, and Satisfaction Scale, and these measures will be correlated with clinical success.
Read more
It is anticipated that the IVR application will help reduce clinical anxiety and stress by fostering alternative perceptions of the environment. Students are expected to demonstrate high levels of engagement and immersion in the virtual environment. Although within-group changes in state anxiety may not be statistically significant, between-group comparisons are expected to show lower post-intervention anxiety scores in the IVR group compared with the control group (p≈0.02).
In conclusion, brief IVR exposure is expected to be associated with reduced self-reported stress and improved adaptation compared with usual clinical preparation, while its effects on standardized anxiety scores and objective clinical success may remain limited. Additionally, the type of VR experience is expected to influence the outcomes.
Read the detailed description
This study will examine the effects of brief immersive virtual reality (IVR) exposure (10-15 minutes) using commercially available applications (Beat Saber, TRIPP) on nursing students' clinical anxiety, stress, and adaptation, compared with usual clinical preparation in a control group. It will be assumed that anxiety experienced during clinical practice may negatively affect students' success.
The research will be designed as a prospective, randomized controlled trial. The study will be conducted with 195 students enrolled in the Department of Surgical Nursing at the Faculty of Nursing of an academic institution. Students will be divided into two groups using a simple randomization method. Those in the intervention group will practice with IVR goggles in the clinical setting, engaging in game-based activities involving breathing exercises and aerobics. Data will be collected using the Demographics Questionnaire, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Clinical Success Evaluation Form, and the Stress, Adaptation, and Satisfaction Scale, and these measures will be correlated with clinical success.
It is anticipated that the IVR application will help reduce clinical anxiety and stress by fostering alternative perceptions of the environment. Students are expected to demonstrate high levels of engagement and immersion in the virtual environment. Although within-group changes in state anxiety may not be statistically significant, between-group comparisons are expected to show lower post-intervention anxiety scores in the IVR group compared with the control group (p≈0.02).
In conclusion, brief IVR exposure is expected to be associated with reduced self-reported stress and improved adaptation compared with usual clinical preparation, while its effects on standardized anxiety scores and objective clinical success may remain limited. Additionally, the type of VR experience is expected to influence the outcomes.
- Conditions
- Educational Problems, Nurse's Role
- Being tested
- Immersive Virtual Reality
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Immersive Virtual RealityDevice
Virtual Reality goggles
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Immersive Virtual Reality | Experimental | Not described Receives: Device: Immersive Virtual Reality |
| Control | No intervention | Not described |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
The stress scale
The stress scale consists of a linear rating system that includes nursing students' assessments of the experience they received. The single-question inventory asked students to rate their satisfaction on a scale of 0 (very dissatisfied) to 10 (very satisfied). The responses were used to determine students' stress levels using IVR goggles.
Measured: Baseline and post-intervention measurement (at the end of clinical practice, 14th week of the semester)
The Clinical Success
The Clinical Success Evaluation Form (CSEF) is an evaluation form developed by the second and third authors in 2005 for the Surgical Nursing course at their institution. The form is used by all lecturers and mentor nurses conducting the course to evaluate the success of the students in clinical practice. In the form, scored in three sections (knowledge, skills, behaviors). Behavioral anchors were provided for each item to improve objectivity.
Measured: Baseline and post-intervention measurement (at the end of clinical practice, 14th week of the semester)
Clinical anxiety levels
The State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) is a self-report scale comprising 20 brief statements designed to assess an individual's emotional state at a specific point in time and under particular circumstances. The emotions and behaviors expressed in the State Anxiety Scale items are answered by marking one of the conditions, namely (1) not at all, (2) a little, (3) a lot, and (4) completely, according to the severity of such experiences.
Measured: Baseline and post-intervention measurement (at the end of clinical practice, 14th week of the semester)
The clinical adaptations
The Clinical Adaptation Scale consists of a linear rating system that includes nursing students' assessments of the experience they received. The single-question inventory asked students to rate their adaptation on a scale of 0 (very dissatisfied) to 10 (very satisfied).
Measured: Baseline and post-intervention measurement (at the end of clinical practice, 14th week of the semester)
The Satisfaction Scale
The Satisfaction Scale consists of a linear rating system that includes nursing students' assessments of the experience they received. The single-question inventory asked students to rate their satisfaction on a scale of 0 (very dissatisfied) to 10 (very satisfied).
Measured: Baseline and post-intervention measurement (at the end of clinical practice, 14th week of the semester)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted1 Jun 2026
- Study start1 Jan 2023
- Primary completion1 Mar 2023
- Study completion31 Mar 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Educational ProblemsStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 90 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Gümüşhane Universıty
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Gazi University, The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Aydanur Aydin, Gümüşhane Universıty
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07617415
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- GumushaneUni10
- Status last verified
- May 2026
- First submitted
- 18 Mar 2026
- Last updated
- 2 Jun 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: Data supporting this study are not publicly available due to ethical reasons, but the datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available by emailing aydanuraydin@gumushane.edu.tr upon reasonable request.
Publications
Aydin A, Guler S, Bulut H. Effects of immersive virtual reality supported by wearable technology on clinical anxiety, stress, and adaptation in nursing students: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Nurs. 2026 Jul 31;25(1):1030. doi: 10.1186/s12912-026-04858-8.
PubMed 42947180
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 2 Jun 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Immersive Virtual Reality Supported by Wearable Technology on Clinical Anxiety, Stress, and Adaptation in Nursing Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07617415
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- GumushaneUni10
- Conditions
- Educational Problems, Nurse's Role
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 90 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Gümüşhane UniversıtyUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Gazi University, The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey
- Study start
- 1 Jan 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Mar 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 31 Mar 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 1 Jun 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study will examine the effects of brief immersive virtual reality (IVR) exposure (10-15 minutes) using commercially available applications (Beat Saber, TRIPP) on nursing students' clinical anxiety, stress, and adaptation, compared with usual clinical preparation in a control group. It will be assumed that anxiety experienced during clinical practice may negatively affect students' success.
The research will be designed as a prospective, randomized controlled trial. The study will be conducted with 195 students enrolled in the Department of Surgical Nursing at the Faculty of Nursing of an academic institution. Students will be divided into two groups using a simple randomization method. Those in the intervention group will practice with IVR goggles in the clinical setting, engaging in game-based activities involving breathing exercises and aerobics. Data will be collected using the Demographics Questionnaire, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Clinical Success Evaluation Form, and the Stress, Adaptation, and Satisfaction Scale, and these measures will be correlated with clinical success.
It is anticipated that the IVR application will help reduce clinical anxiety and stress by fostering alternative perceptions of the environment. Students are expected to demonstrate high levels of engagement and immersion in the virtual environment. Although within-group changes in state anxiety may not be statistically significant, between-group comparisons are expected to show lower post-intervention anxiety scores in the IVR group compared with the control group (p≈0.02).
In conclusion, brief IVR exposure is expected to be associated with reduced self-reported stress and improved adaptation compared with usual clinical preparation, while its effects on standardized anxiety scores and objective clinical success may remain limited. Additionally, the type of VR experience is expected to influence the outcomes.
Detailed description
This study will examine the effects of brief immersive virtual reality (IVR) exposure (10-15 minutes) using commercially available applications (Beat Saber, TRIPP) on nursing students' clinical anxiety, stress, and adaptation, compared with usual clinical preparation in a control group. It will be assumed that anxiety experienced during clinical practice may negatively affect students' success.
The research will be designed as a prospective, randomized controlled trial. The study will be conducted with 195 students enrolled in the Department of Surgical Nursing at the Faculty of Nursing of an academic institution. Students will be divided into two groups using a simple randomization method. Those in the intervention group will practice with IVR goggles in the clinical setting, engaging in game-based activities involving breathing exercises and aerobics. Data will be collected using the Demographics Questionnaire, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Clinical Success Evaluation Form, and the Stress, Adaptation, and Satisfaction Scale, and these measures will be correlated with clinical success.
It is anticipated that the IVR application will help reduce clinical anxiety and stress by fostering alternative perceptions of the environment. Students are expected to demonstrate high levels of engagement and immersion in the virtual environment. Although within-group changes in state anxiety may not be statistically significant, between-group comparisons are expected to show lower post-intervention anxiety scores in the IVR group compared with the control group (p≈0.02).
In conclusion, brief IVR exposure is expected to be associated with reduced self-reported stress and improved adaptation compared with usual clinical preparation, while its effects on standardized anxiety scores and objective clinical success may remain limited. Additionally, the type of VR experience is expected to influence the outcomes.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Immersive Virtual Reality | Experimental | Device: Immersive Virtual Reality |
| Control | No intervention | – |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 60 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- -Be the undergraduate nursing student enrolled in the "Surgical Nursing" course in a pre-bachelor degree program at the University
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Had vision impairment that prevented them from watching IVR videos, neck pain or injury that prevented them from moving their head, or an open wound that prevented them from wearing the IVR headset
- Experienced nausea and dizziness when watching IVR videos
- Had epileptic symptoms.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Immersive Virtual RealityVirtual Reality goggles | Device | Immersive Virtual Reality |
Primary outcome
The stress scale
Time frame: Baseline and post-intervention measurement (at the end of clinical practice, 14th week of the semester)
The stress scale consists of a linear rating system that includes nursing students' assessments of the experience they received. The single-question inventory asked students to rate their satisfaction on a scale of 0 (very dissatisfied) to 10 (very satisfied). The responses were used to determine students' stress levels using IVR goggles.
The Clinical Success
Time frame: Baseline and post-intervention measurement (at the end of clinical practice, 14th week of the semester)
The Clinical Success Evaluation Form (CSEF) is an evaluation form developed by the second and third authors in 2005 for the Surgical Nursing course at their institution. The form is used by all lecturers and mentor nurses conducting the course to evaluate the success of the students in clinical practice. In the form, scored in three sections (knowledge, skills, behaviors). Behavioral anchors were provided for each item to improve objectivity.
Clinical anxiety levels
Time frame: Baseline and post-intervention measurement (at the end of clinical practice, 14th week of the semester)
The State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) is a self-report scale comprising 20 brief statements designed to assess an individual's emotional state at a specific point in time and under particular circumstances. The emotions and behaviors expressed in the State Anxiety Scale items are answered by marking one of the conditions, namely (1) not at all, (2) a little, (3) a lot, and (4) completely, according to the severity of such experiences.
The clinical adaptations
Time frame: Baseline and post-intervention measurement (at the end of clinical practice, 14th week of the semester)
The Clinical Adaptation Scale consists of a linear rating system that includes nursing students' assessments of the experience they received. The single-question inventory asked students to rate their adaptation on a scale of 0 (very dissatisfied) to 10 (very satisfied).
The Satisfaction Scale
Time frame: Baseline and post-intervention measurement (at the end of clinical practice, 14th week of the semester)
The Satisfaction Scale consists of a linear rating system that includes nursing students' assessments of the experience they received. The single-question inventory asked students to rate their satisfaction on a scale of 0 (very dissatisfied) to 10 (very satisfied).
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 2 Jun 2026.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 42947180Aydin A, Guler S, Bulut H. Effects of immersive virtual reality supported by wearable technology on clinical anxiety, stress, and adaptation in nursing students: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Nurs. 2026 Jul 31;25(1):1030. doi: 10.1186/s12912-026-04858-8.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. Data supporting this study are not publicly available due to ethical reasons, but the datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available by emailing aydanuraydin@gumushane.edu.tr upon reasonable request.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Immersive Virtual Reality in people with Educational Problems and Nurse's Role, run by Gümüşhane Universıty at 2 sites in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 2 Jun 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
The stress scale (time frame: Baseline and post-intervention measurement (at the end of clinical practice, 14th week of the semester)). The study lists 5 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07617415, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 2 Jun 2026.