PsychiatryNCT07658066
Use of Football in Programs to Reduce Stigma Toward Mental Illness: A Comparison of the Effectiveness of Contact Interaction and Video-Based Approaches
A study testing Contact-Based Education, Video + Contact-Based Education and Football + Contact-Based Education in people with Psychiatry and Rehabilitation, run by Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital at 1 site in Taiwan.
Trial summary
The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of football-based interventions in reducing stigma toward mental illness among university students. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does participating in a contact-based education program involving football help reduce stigma toward mental… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 30 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Psychiatry, Rehabilitation
- What is being tested?
- Contact-Based Education, Video + Contact-Based Education and Football + Contact-Based Education
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 210 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTaiwan
- Study dates
- 2 Mar 2026to 31 Oct 2027
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 30 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- University students currently enrolled, aged between 18 and 30 years.
- In good physical condition with no contraindications to exercise (i.e., not diagnosed by a physician or advised to avoid physical activity, and with no items selected on the PAR-Q+ [Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire for Everyone]).
- Able to follow the study procedures and provide signed informed consent.
Who cannot join
- Individuals who are unable to safely participate in football activities due to intellectual disability, pregnancy, head injury, cardiovascular disease, or other neuromuscular or musculoskeletal disorders.
- Individuals who are unable to effectively participate in the intervention program or complete assessments due to significant emotional disturbances, personality disorders, substance (alcohol) abuse, or severe mental illness.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Taiwan1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital
Kaohsiung City
Ming-De Chen, Ph.D., +886-73121101 ext. 2657, mdchen@kmu.edu.tw
About this study
The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of football-based interventions in reducing stigma toward mental illness among university students. The main questions it aims to answer are:
- Does participating in a contact-based education program involving football help reduce stigma toward mental illness among university students?
- What are the effects of three different intervention methods on reducing stigma toward mental illness?
Read more
Researchers will compare the traditional contact-based education program with the other two interventions to evaluate their differences in effectiveness.
Participants will:
- Be randomly assigned to one of the three intervention groups.
- Complete online assessments to measure attitudes toward mental illness before and after the intervention.
- Participate in qualitative interviews to provide in-depth feedback on their experiences and perceptions.
- Conditions
- Psychiatry, Rehabilitation
- Being tested
- Contact-Based Education, Video + Contact-Based Education, Football + Contact-Based Education
- Keywords
- mental illness, Psychiatric disorders, physical activity, stigma, exercise
- Medical subject headings
- Mental Disorders, Motor Activity, Social Stigma
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Contact-Based EducationBehavioural
A one-time session lasting approximately 1.5 to 2.5 hours, consisting of psychiatric education, storytelling by individuals with mental illness, and interactive discussion.
Video + Contact-Based EducationBehavioural
A one-time session lasting approximately 1.5 to 2.5 hours, including football video viewing, psychiatric education, storytelling by individuals with mental illness, and interactive discussion.
Football + Contact-Based EducationBehavioural
A one-time session lasting approximately 1.5 to 2.5 hours. The session includes football interactive activities, football video viewing, psychiatric education, storytelling by individuals with mental illness, and interactive discussion.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Contact-based education | Active comparator | Mental health education and listening to the stories of individuals with mental illness and interactive sharing. Receives: Behavioral: Contact-Based Education |
| Video and contact-based education | Experimental | Video viewing, mental health education and listening to the stories of individuals with mental illness and interactive sharing. Receives: Behavioral: Video + Contact-Based Education |
| Football and contact-based education | Experimental | Football interaction, video viewing, mental health education and listening to the stories of individuals with mental illness and interactive sharing. Receives: Behavioral: Football + Contact-Based Education |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Knowledge
The Mental Health Knowledge Schedule (MAKS), consisting of 12 items, will be used to assess the public's knowledge related to mental health stigma. The questionnaire is divided into two parts: knowledge about mental illness and agreement with statements regarding mental health conditions. Responses are rated on a five-point Likert scale (5 = Strongly agree, 4 = Slightly agree, 3 = Neither agree nor disagree / Don't know, 2 = Slightly disagree, 1 = Strongly disagree). The total score ranges from 12 to 60, with higher scores indicating a greater level of knowledge about mental health. Items 7 to 12 are designed to assess recognition and familiarity with various mental health conditions, helping to contextualize responses to the earlier items.
Measured: pre-intervention, immediately post-intervention, and at one- and six-month follow-ups.
Attitudes
The Questionnaire on Stigmatizing Attitudes Towards Mental Illness will be used in this study. After undergoing cultural adaptation and psychometric validation, the final Chinese version consists of 16 items across four dimensions: Negative Stereotypes (5 items), Social Distance (3 items), Negative Evaluation (5 items), and Self-Stigma (3 items). Responses are measured on a six-point Likert scale (6 = Strongly agree, 5 = Agree, 4 = Slightly agree, 3 = Slightly disagree, 2 = Disagree, 1 = Strongly disagree). The total score ranges from 16 to 96, with higher scores indicating greater levels of negative stigmatizing attitudes toward mental illness.
Measured: pre-intervention, immediately post-intervention, and at one- and six-month follow-ups.
Intent
The Social Distance Scale will be adopted to assess participants' level of social distance toward individuals with mental illness, serving as an indicator of intent to act. The scale consists of 8 items, which evaluate willingness to engage with people with mental illness in various situations, such as living in the same community or building, sharing a residence, dining together, forming friendships, working together, employing, or helping them. Responses are rated on a six-point Likert scale (6 = Strongly agree, 5 = Agree, 4 = Slightly agree, 3 = Slightly disagree, 2 = Disagree, 1 = Strongly disagree). Higher scores indicate a greater willingness to interact with individuals with mental illness. This scale is considered to be particularly sensitive to measuring implicit bias.
Measured: pre-intervention, immediately post-intervention, and at one- and six-month follow-ups.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted18 Jun 2026
- Study start2 Mar 2026
- Primary completion31 Jul 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion31 Oct 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for PsychiatryStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial HospitalThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Contact-Based Education Group (CE Group): Psychiatric health education + listening to stories shared by individuals with mental illness \& interactive communication. Video + Contact-Based Education Group (V+CE Group): Video viewing + psychiatric health education + listening to stories shared by individuals with mental illness \& interactive communication. Football + Contact-Based Education Group (F+CE Group): Football interaction + video viewing + psychiatric health education + listening to stories shared by individuals with mental illness \& interactive communication.
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 210 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Ming-De Chen, Ph.D., Study chair, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07658066
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- KMUHIRB-F(I)-20250110
- Status last verified
- Jul 2025
- First submitted
- 27 May 2026
- Last updated
- 18 Jun 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided: The data will be used to publish academic papers, it has not been determined whether it will be shared with other researchers.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 18 Jun 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Use of Football in Programs to Reduce Stigma Toward Mental Illness: A Comparison of the Effectiveness of Contact Interaction and Video-Based Approaches
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07658066
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- KMUHIRB-F(I)-20250110
- Conditions
- Psychiatry, Rehabilitation
- Keywords
- mental illness, Psychiatric disorders, physical activity, stigma, exercise
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 210 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial HospitalUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 2 Mar 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 Jul 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 31 Oct 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 18 Jun 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of football-based interventions in reducing stigma toward mental illness among university students. The main questions it aims to answer are:
- Does participating in a contact-based education program involving football help reduce stigma toward mental illness among university students?
- What are the effects of three different intervention methods on reducing stigma toward mental illness?
Researchers will compare the traditional contact-based education program with the other two interventions to evaluate their differences in effectiveness.
Participants will:
- Be randomly assigned to one of the three intervention groups.
- Complete online assessments to measure attitudes toward mental illness before and after the intervention.
- Participate in qualitative interviews to provide in-depth feedback on their experiences and perceptions.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, investigator)
- Number of arms
- 3
- Model description
- Contact-Based Education Group (CE Group): Psychiatric health education + listening to stories shared by individuals with mental illness \& interactive communication. Video + Contact-Based Education Group (V+CE Group): Video viewing + psychiatric health education + listening to stories shared by individuals with mental illness \& interactive communication. Football + Contact-Based Education Group (F+CE Group): Football interaction + video viewing + psychiatric health education + listening to stories shared by individuals with mental illness \& interactive communication.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Contact-based education | Active comparator | Behavioral: Contact-Based EducationMental health education and listening to the stories of individuals with mental illness and interactive sharing. |
| Video and contact-based education | Experimental | Behavioral: Video + Contact-Based EducationVideo viewing, mental health education and listening to the stories of individuals with mental illness and interactive sharing. |
| Football and contact-based education | Experimental | Behavioral: Football + Contact-Based EducationFootball interaction, video viewing, mental health education and listening to the stories of individuals with mental illness and interactive sharing. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 30 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- University students currently enrolled, aged between 18 and 30 years.
- In good physical condition with no contraindications to exercise (i.e., not diagnosed by a physician or advised to avoid physical activity, and with no items selected on the PAR-Q+ [Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire for Everyone]).
- Able to follow the study procedures and provide signed informed consent.
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Individuals who are unable to safely participate in football activities due to intellectual disability, pregnancy, head injury, cardiovascular disease, or other neuromuscular or musculoskeletal disorders.
- Individuals who are unable to effectively participate in the intervention program or complete assessments due to significant emotional disturbances, personality disorders, substance (alcohol) abuse, or severe mental illness.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Contact-Based EducationA one-time session lasting approximately 1.5 to 2.5 hours, consisting of psychiatric education, storytelling by individuals with mental illness, and interactive discussion. | Behavioural | Contact-based education |
| Video + Contact-Based EducationA one-time session lasting approximately 1.5 to 2.5 hours, including football video viewing, psychiatric education, storytelling by individuals with mental illness, and interactive discussion. | Behavioural | Video and contact-based education |
| Football + Contact-Based EducationA one-time session lasting approximately 1.5 to 2.5 hours. The session includes football interactive activities, football video viewing, psychiatric education, storytelling by individuals with mental illness, and interactive discussion. | Behavioural | Football and contact-based education |
Primary outcome
Knowledge
Time frame: pre-intervention, immediately post-intervention, and at one- and six-month follow-ups.
The Mental Health Knowledge Schedule (MAKS), consisting of 12 items, will be used to assess the public's knowledge related to mental health stigma. The questionnaire is divided into two parts: knowledge about mental illness and agreement with statements regarding mental health conditions. Responses are rated on a five-point Likert scale (5 = Strongly agree, 4 = Slightly agree, 3 = Neither agree nor disagree / Don't know, 2 = Slightly disagree, 1 = Strongly disagree). The total score ranges from 12 to 60, with higher scores indicating a greater level of knowledge about mental health. Items 7 to 12 are designed to assess recognition and familiarity with various mental health conditions, helping to contextualize responses to the earlier items.
Attitudes
Time frame: pre-intervention, immediately post-intervention, and at one- and six-month follow-ups.
The Questionnaire on Stigmatizing Attitudes Towards Mental Illness will be used in this study. After undergoing cultural adaptation and psychometric validation, the final Chinese version consists of 16 items across four dimensions: Negative Stereotypes (5 items), Social Distance (3 items), Negative Evaluation (5 items), and Self-Stigma (3 items). Responses are measured on a six-point Likert scale (6 = Strongly agree, 5 = Agree, 4 = Slightly agree, 3 = Slightly disagree, 2 = Disagree, 1 = Strongly disagree). The total score ranges from 16 to 96, with higher scores indicating greater levels of negative stigmatizing attitudes toward mental illness.
Intent
Time frame: pre-intervention, immediately post-intervention, and at one- and six-month follow-ups.
The Social Distance Scale will be adopted to assess participants' level of social distance toward individuals with mental illness, serving as an indicator of intent to act. The scale consists of 8 items, which evaluate willingness to engage with people with mental illness in various situations, such as living in the same community or building, sharing a residence, dining together, forming friendships, working together, employing, or helping them. Responses are rated on a six-point Likert scale (6 = Strongly agree, 5 = Agree, 4 = Slightly agree, 3 = Slightly disagree, 2 = Disagree, 1 = Strongly disagree). Higher scores indicate a greater willingness to interact with individuals with mental illness. This scale is considered to be particularly sensitive to measuring implicit bias.
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 18 Jun 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided. The data will be used to publish academic papers, it has not been determined whether it will be shared with other researchers.
Related trials for Psychiatry
Not yet recruiting
Preventive and Personalized Digital Emotion Regulation Skills Intervention to Reduce Depression and Anxiety in Youths With Adverse Childhood Experiences
Adverse Childhood Experience, Depression / Major Depressive Disorder
RecruitingPhase 1
Cannabidiol (CBD) in Adults With ASD
Autism Spectrum Disorder
RecruitingPhase 3
A Study to Evaluate the Long-term Safety and Tolerability of Xanomeline and Trospium Chloride for the Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders in Children and Adolescents
Schizophrenia, Autism-Related Irritability
RecruitingObservational study
National Pregnancy Registry for Psychiatric Medications
Pregnant Women, Psychotropic Drugs
RecruitingObservational study
Student Precarity and Psychiatry
Depressive Disorder, Major, Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Ming-De Chen, Ph.D. study chair
Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Contact-Based Education, Video + Contact-Based Education and Football + Contact-Based Education in people with Psychiatry and Rehabilitation, run by Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital at 1 site in Taiwan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 Jun 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Taiwan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Ming-De Chen, Ph.D. (+886-73121101 ext. 2657, mdchen@kmu.edu.tw), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Knowledge (time frame: pre-intervention, immediately post-intervention, and at one- and six-month follow-ups.). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 Jun 2026.