Game PerformanceNCT07658911
Effectiveness Of Tactical Game Model in Badminton
A study testing game teaching model and direction teaching model in people with Game Performance and Badminton Achievement Test, run by Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Tactical Game Model in Teaching Badminton: A Quasi-Experimental Study This study investigated the effectiveness of the Tactical Game Model (TGM) in teaching badminton, aiming to determine its impact on students' tactical awareness, decision-making, and skill performance. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 20 to 25 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Game Performance, Badminton Achievement Test
- What is being tested?
- game teaching model and direction teaching model
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 40 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 7 Oct 2022to 25 Nov 2022
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 20 to 25 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- To study at the Faculty of Sports Science
Who cannot join
- Who refuses to learn badminton
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Tactical Game Model in Teaching Badminton: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Tactical Game Model in Teaching Badminton: A Quasi-Experimental Study
This study investigated the effectiveness of the Tactical Game Model (TGM) in teaching badminton, aiming to determine its impact on students' tactical awareness, decision-making, and skill performance.
A quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test control group design was employed with 40 university students enrolled in a badminton course. The experimental group received instruction based on the TGM approach, while the control group followed a traditional skill-based model. Data were collected through the Game Performance Assessment Instrument (GPAI) and a standardized Badminton Achievement Test. Statistical analysis included ANCOVA and paired-sample t-tests, with effect sizes interpreted according to Cohen's criteria.
- Conditions
- Game Performance, Badminton Achievement Test
- Being tested
- game teaching model, direction teaching model
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
game teaching modelOther
he Tactical Game Model (TGM) intervention in this study focuses on teaching badminton skills through modified game-play and tactical awareness, rather than isolated skill drills. Unlike traditional direct instruction methods used in the control group (which emphasize technical repetition before game play), the TGM approach begins with a modified badminton game designed to highlight a specific tactical problem (e.g., creating space or attacking the opponent's court). This is followed by tactical questioning by the instructor, a situated skill practice, and a return to the modified game to apply the learned skills.
direction teaching modelOther
The Badminton Proficiency Test and Game Performance Assessment Scale were administered as a pre-test Badminton instruction was delivered using the direct instruction model (DIM) for 8 weeks, at a rate of 2 hours per week.
The Badminton Proficiency Test and Game Performance Assessment Scale were administered as a post-test.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Arm 1 (Experimental): Tactical Game Model group. | Experimental | Participants in the experimental group underwent an eight-week training programme based on TGM, consisting of one session per week, each lasting two hours. Receives: Other: game teaching model |
| Arm 2 (Active Comparator): The traditional teaching method group. | Active comparator | Using the direct instruction model (DIM), badminton lessons were held for two hours once a week over an eight-week period. Receives: Other: direction teaching model |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Badminton Achievement Test Score
Points The Badminton Achievement Test is a 15-item multiple-choice test designed to assess participants' knowledge of badminton rules, techniques, and tactics. Scores range from 0 to 15, with higher scores indicating greater badminton knowledge and proficiency.
Measured: Baseline and Week 8
Game Performance Assessment Scale Score
Score Game Performance Assessment Scale (GPAS) score. Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better game performance.
Measured: Baseline and Week 8
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted22 Jun 2026
- Study start7 Oct 2022
- Primary completion25 Nov 2022
- Study completion25 Nov 2022
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Game PerformanceStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- A quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test control group design was employed with 40 university students enrolled in a badminton course. The experimental group received instruction based on the TGM approach, while the control group followed a traditional skill-based model.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 40 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, İlayda Nur ÖZELGÜL, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07658911
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- numbered 08/10
- Status last verified
- Jun 2026
- First submitted
- 11 Jun 2026
- Last updated
- 22 Jun 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 22 Jun 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Tactical Game Model in Teaching Badminton: A Quasi-Experimental Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07658911
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- numbered 08/10
- Conditions
- Game Performance, Badminton Achievement Test
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 40 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 7 Oct 2022 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 25 Nov 2022 (actual)
- Study completion
- 25 Nov 2022 (actual)
- First posted
- 22 Jun 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Tactical Game Model in Teaching Badminton: A Quasi-Experimental Study
This study investigated the effectiveness of the Tactical Game Model (TGM) in teaching badminton, aiming to determine its impact on students' tactical awareness, decision-making, and skill performance.
A quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test control group design was employed with 40 university students enrolled in a badminton course. The experimental group received instruction based on the TGM approach, while the control group followed a traditional skill-based model. Data were collected through the Game Performance Assessment Instrument (GPAI) and a standardized Badminton Achievement Test. Statistical analysis included ANCOVA and paired-sample t-tests, with effect sizes interpreted according to Cohen's criteria.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- A quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test control group design was employed with 40 university students enrolled in a badminton course. The experimental group received instruction based on the TGM approach, while the control group followed a traditional skill-based model.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Arm 1 (Experimental): Tactical Game Model group. | Experimental | Other: game teaching modelParticipants in the experimental group underwent an eight-week training programme based on TGM, consisting of one session per week, each lasting two hours. |
| Arm 2 (Active Comparator): The traditional teaching method group. | Active comparator | Other: direction teaching modelUsing the direct instruction model (DIM), badminton lessons were held for two hours once a week over an eight-week period. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 20 to 25 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- To study at the Faculty of Sports Science
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Who refuses to learn badminton
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| game teaching modelhe Tactical Game Model (TGM) intervention in this study focuses on teaching badminton skills through modified game-play and tactical awareness, rather than isolated skill drills. Unlike traditional direct instruction methods used in the control group (which emphasize technical repetition before game play), the TGM approach begins with a modified badminton game designed to highlight a specific tactical problem (e.g., creating space or attacking the opponent's court). This is followed by tactical questioning by the instructor, a situated skill practice, and a return to the modified game to apply the learned skills. | Other | Arm 1 (Experimental): Tactical Game Model group. |
| direction teaching modelThe Badminton Proficiency Test and Game Performance Assessment Scale were administered as a pre-test Badminton instruction was delivered using the direct instruction model (DIM) for 8 weeks, at a rate of 2 hours per week. The Badminton Proficiency Test and Game Performance Assessment Scale were administered as a post-test. | Other | Arm 2 (Active Comparator): The traditional teaching method group. |
Primary outcome
Badminton Achievement Test Score
Time frame: Baseline and Week 8
Points The Badminton Achievement Test is a 15-item multiple-choice test designed to assess participants' knowledge of badminton rules, techniques, and tactics. Scores range from 0 to 15, with higher scores indicating greater badminton knowledge and proficiency.
Game Performance Assessment Scale Score
Time frame: Baseline and Week 8
Score Game Performance Assessment Scale (GPAS) score. Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better game performance.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 22 Jun 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing game teaching model and direction teaching model in people with Game Performance and Badminton Achievement Test, run by Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 22 Jun 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Badminton Achievement Test Score (time frame: Baseline and Week 8). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 22 Jun 2026.