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Long COVIDNEUROSTIM-LCNCT07709234

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Long COVID Brain Fog and Fatigue

A study testing Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in people with Long COVID and Post-COVID Conditions, run by University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.

Not yet recruiting

Opening soon. The study is approved but enrolment has not started yet. Sites may already take enquiries.

Sites and contacts
Official record
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Trial summary

Long COVID can cause persistent symptoms such as fatigue, cognitive difficulties commonly described as brain fog, reduced exercise tolerance, and impaired quality of life. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that may help modulate brain activity in regions… Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 to 70 years
Conditions the study is for
Long COVID, Post-COVID Conditions, Fatigue
What is being tested?
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
Type of treatment
Medical device
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
20 participants
Where
No sites listed yet
Study dates
15 Sep 2026to 1 Mar 2028
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
Not yet: the study is under way

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 to 70 years
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Adults aged between 18 and 70 years.
  • Diagnosis of long COVID according to World Health Organization criteria, defined as symptoms persisting for at least three months after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and lasting for a minimum of two months without an alternative explanation.
  • Presence of persistent fatigue and/or cognitive impairment, commonly described as brain fog, attributed to long COVID and confirmed at screening.
  • Stable clinical condition allowing participation in the intervention and assessment procedures.
  • Ability to understand the study procedures and provide written informed consent.

Who cannot join

  • Contraindications to transcranial direct current stimulation, including the presence of implanted electronic devices such as pacemakers or neurostimulators, intracranial metallic implants, or history of epilepsy or seizures.
  • History of neurological disorders that may affect cognitive function, including stroke, Parkinson's disease, or neurodegenerative disorders.
  • Pre-existing conditions associated with chronic fatigue or cognitive impairment prior to SARS-CoV-2 infection, such as fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, or multiple sclerosis.
  • Severe psychiatric disorders, including psychosis or severe depression.
  • Substance abuse, including alcohol or drugs.
  • Current oncological treatment with chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
  • Pregnancy.
  • Any medical condition that, in the opinion of the investigators, may interfere with participation or with the interpretation of the results.

Trial locations and contacts

No sites are listed yet. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.

Juan Francisco Vigueras, MD contact

+34 606 63 86 98

juanfraviguerasperez@yahoo.es

David Morales Álamo, PhD contact

+34 623 062 814

david.moralesalamo@ulpgc.es

About this study

Official title: The Impact of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Quality of Life, Brain Fog, and Fatigue in Patients With Long COVID: Study Protocol of the NEUROSTIM-LC Study

Long COVID can cause persistent symptoms such as fatigue, cognitive difficulties commonly described as brain fog, reduced exercise tolerance, and impaired quality of life. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that may help modulate brain activity in regions involved in cognition, fatigue, and executive function.

The NEUROSTIM-LC study will evaluate the feasibility and potential effects of repeated tDCS sessions in adults with long COVID presenting fatigue and/or brain fog. Participants will receive 30 sessions of tDCS applied over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Assessments will be performed before and after the intervention to evaluate changes in quality of life, fatigue, cognitive function, brain metabolism, physical performance, autonomic function, sleep quality, psychological symptoms, respiratory function, and blood biomarkers.

Read the detailed description

The NEUROSTIM-LC study is a prospective, single-arm, interventional before-and-after study designed to evaluate the feasibility, tolerability, and preliminary effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in patients with long COVID. The study will recruit adults aged 18 to 70 years diagnosed with long COVID according to World Health Organization criteria and presenting persistent fatigue and/or cognitive impairment commonly described as brain fog.

Participants will receive 30 sessions of tDCS delivered over consecutive weeks in a controlled clinical setting. Stimulation will be applied over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, with the anode positioned at F3 according to the international 10-20 EEG system and the cathode over the contralateral supraorbital region. Each session will be delivered at 2 mA for 20 minutes. Sessions will be performed on weekdays under the supervision of trained healthcare professionals, and adherence, tolerability, and adverse effects will be monitored throughout the intervention period.

Assessments will be conducted at baseline and after completion of the intervention. Clinical outcomes will include health-related quality of life, fatigue, cognitive performance, sleep quality, anxiety and depression symptoms, and perceived symptom evolution. Neurobiological and physiological outcomes will include brain metabolism assessed by PET-CT, autonomic nervous system activity assessed by heart rate variability, exercise capacity assessed using the Ekblom-Bak submaximal cycle ergometer test, upper-limb muscle strength assessed by handgrip dynamometry, lower-limb neuromuscular performance assessed by countermovement jump testing, respiratory function, oxygen saturation, and routine blood biomarkers. Blood samples may also be stored for future analysis of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers.

The study aims to provide preliminary information on whether repeated tDCS may be associated with measurable improvements in fatigue, brain fog, quality of life, and physiological function in patients with long COVID. The findings will help inform the design of future controlled trials evaluating non-invasive neuromodulation strategies for persistent neurological and fatigue-related symptoms after COVID-19.

Keywords
Transcranial direct current stimulation, tDCS, Brain fog, Long COVID, Chronic Fatigue, Quality of life, Cognitive impairment, Heart rate variability, PET-CT, Neuromodulation
Medical subject headings
Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome, Fatigue, Cognitive Dysfunction, Mental Fatigue

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Transcranial Direct Current StimulationDevice

    Also called tDCS, Non-invasive brain stimulation, EPTE Bipolar tDCS device

    Transcranial direct current stimulation will be delivered using a constant-current stimulator through surface electrodes placed over the scalp. The anode will be positioned over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, corresponding to F3 according to the international 10-20 EEG system, and the cathode will be placed over the contralateral supraorbital region. Each session will be delivered at 2 mA for 20 minutes. Participants will complete 30 sessions.

Study groups in NCT07709234
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
tDCS InterventionExperimentalParticipants will receive 30 sessions of transcranial direct current stimulation applied over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Stimulation will be delivered at 2 mA for 20 minutes per session, once daily, five days per week, under supervision of trained healthcare professionals.
Receives: Device: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Change in EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-Level Questionnaire Score

    Health-related quality of life will be assessed using the EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-Level questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L). The EQ-5D-5L assesses five health dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression, each rated across five levels of severity. Higher scores or index values reflect better health status, depending on the scoring method used. Changes from baseline to post-intervention will be evaluated.

    Measured: Baseline and 3 days after completion of the 30-session tDCS intervention

  2. Change in Modified Fatigue Impact Scale Score

    Fatigue will be assessed using the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS). The MFIS assesses the impact of fatigue on physical, cognitive, and psychosocial functioning. The total score ranges from 0 to 84, with higher scores indicating greater fatigue impact. Changes from baseline to post-intervention will be evaluated.

    Measured: Baseline and 3 days after completion of the 30-session tDCS intervention

  3. Change in Montreal Cognitive Assessment Score

    Global cognitive function will be assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The MoCA evaluates cognitive domains including attention, memory, language, visuospatial abilities, executive function, abstraction, calculation, and orientation. The total score ranges from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating better cognitive performance. Changes from baseline to post-intervention will be evaluated.

    Measured: Baseline and 3 days after completion of the 30-session tDCS intervention

  4. Change in Short Form-36 Health Survey Score

    Health-related quality of life will be assessed using the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36). The SF-36 evaluates eight domains of health-related quality of life: physical functioning, role limitations due to physical health, role limitations due to emotional problems, energy/fatigue, emotional well-being, social functioning, pain, and general health. Scores are transformed to a 0-100 scale, with higher scores indicating better health-related quality of life. Changes from baseline to post-intervention will be evaluated.

    Measured: Baseline and 3 days after completion of the 30-session tDCS intervention

  5. Change in Verbal Fluency Task Performance

    Verbal fluency will be assessed using verbal fluency tasks. Performance will be evaluated based on the number of correct words generated within the specified time period. Higher scores indicate better verbal fluency performance. Changes from baseline to post-intervention will be evaluated.

    Measured: Baseline and 3 days after completion of the 30-session tDCS intervention

  6. Change in Stroop Test Performance

    Executive function, inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility will be assessed using the Stroop test. Performance will be evaluated using test-specific measures such as response accuracy and/or completion time. Better performance is reflected by higher accuracy and/or shorter completion time, depending on the scoring method used. Changes from baseline to post-intervention will be evaluated.

    Measured: Baseline and 3 days after completion of the 30-session tDCS intervention

Secondary outcomes (7)
  1. Change in Brain Metabolism

    Brain metabolism will be assessed using positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT). Changes from baseline to post-intervention will be evaluated.

    Measured: Baseline and 3 days after completion of the 30-session tDCS intervention

  2. Change in Heart Rate Variability

    Autonomic nervous system activity will be assessed using heart rate variability (HRV) recorded under resting conditions. Time-domain, frequency-domain, and non-linear HRV indices will be evaluated to characterize changes in autonomic regulation.

    Measured: Baseline and 3 days after completion of the 30-session tDCS intervention

  3. Change in Endurance Capacity

    Endurance capacity will be assessed using the Ekblom-Bak submaximal cycle ergometer test. Heart rate responses, perceived exertion, estimated maximal oxygen uptake, and internal load will be evaluated under standardized conditions.

    Measured: Baseline and 3 days after completion of the 30-session tDCS intervention

  4. Change in Handgrip Strength

    Upper-limb muscle strength will be assessed using handgrip dynamometry. Participants will perform three maximal attempts, and the highest value will be used for analysis.

    Measured: Baseline and 3 days after completion of the 30-session tDCS intervention

  5. Change in Lower-Limb Neuromuscular Performance

    Lower-limb neuromuscular performance will be assessed using the countermovement jump test performed on a force platform. Variables related to force and power production will be evaluated.

    Measured: Baseline and 3 days after completion of the 30-session tDCS intervention

  6. Tolerability of the tDCS Intervention

    Tolerability of the tDCS intervention will be assessed during each stimulation session using session monitoring records and participant reports. Tolerability will be evaluated based on the number of completed tDCS sessions out of the 30 scheduled sessions and the participant's ability to complete each session without clinically relevant discomfort. A higher number of completed sessions indicates greater intervention tolerability

    Measured: During each tDCS session throughout the 30-session intervention period

  7. Adverse Effects Related to tDCS

    Adverse effects related to tDCS will be monitored and recorded at each stimulation session. Potential adverse effects include tingling, itching, headache, discomfort, burning sensation, dizziness, or transient erythema at the electrode site. The presence, type, and severity of adverse effects will be documented. Severity will be classified as mild, moderate, or severe.

    Measured: During each tDCS session throughout the 30-session intervention period

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted16 Jul 2026
  2. Study start15 Sep 2026 (estimated)
  3. Primary completion22 Dec 2027 (estimated)
  4. Study completion1 Mar 2028 (estimated)

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Model description
Prospective single-arm before-and-after interventional study. All participants will receive transcranial direct current stimulation and will be assessed before and after the intervention.
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
20 participants (estimated)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT07709234
Sponsor's protocol ID
NEUROSTIM-LC-2026
Other IDs
CGC-2025-10415
Acronym
NEUROSTIM-LC
Status last verified
Jul 2026
First submitted
11 Jul 2026
Last updated
22 Jul 2026
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in people with Long COVID and Post-COVID Conditions, run by University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 8 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 22 Jul 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

Contact Juan Francisco Vigueras, MD (+34 606 63 86 98, juanfraviguerasperez@yahoo.es), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Change in EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-Level Questionnaire Score (time frame: Baseline and 3 days after completion of the 30-session tDCS intervention). The study lists 6 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 22 Jul 2026.

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