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StressNCT07781670

Neurophysiological and Autonomic Responses to Acute Physical and Emotional Stress: An EEG Study

A study testing Cold Pressor Test, Negative Autobiographical Memory Recall and Affective Picture-Viewing Task in people with Stress and Acute Stress, run by University of Pavia at 1 site in Italy.

Recruiting

Looking for participants now. Contact the study team or a site below to ask about taking part.

Sites and contacts
Official record
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Trial summary

This study aims to investigate neurophysiological, autonomic, and subjective responses to different acute physical and emotional stress-inducing conditions using a within-subject repeated-measures design. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for
Stress, Acute Stress
What is being tested?
Cold Pressor Test, Negative Autobiographical Memory Recall and Affective Picture-Viewing Task
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
30 participants
Where
1 siteItaly
Study dates
1 Aug 2026to 15 Aug 2026
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
Not yet: the study is under way

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Age between 18 and 65 years.
  • Ability to understand the study procedures and provide written informed consent.
  • Sufficient knowledge of the Italian language to understand study instructions and complete the psychological assessments.

Who cannot join

  • History of major neurological disorders or other medical conditions that could significantly affect EEG or autonomic measurements.
  • Current severe psychiatric disorder that could interfere with participation in the experimental procedures.
  • Cardiovascular conditions for which exposure to the Cold Pressor Test may be contraindicated.
  • Medical conditions affecting peripheral circulation or sensitivity of the upper limbs that could interfere with or increase the risk associated with the Cold Pressor Test.
  • Current use of medications that may substantially affect autonomic or central nervous system activity, when considered clinically relevant to the study procedures.
  • Presence of wounds, injuries, or other conditions affecting the hand that would prevent safe completion of the Cold Pressor Test.
  • Inability to complete the experimental procedures or provide valid informed consent.

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.

Teresa Fazia, PhD contact

+390382987188

teresa.fazia@unipv.it

Italy1 site, 1 recruiting
  • University of Pavia

    Pavia, Lombardy, 27100

    Teresa Fazia, +390382987188, teresa.fazia@unipv.it

    Recruiting

Other trials in Italy

About this study

Official title: Electrophysiological, Autonomic, and Psychological Responses to Acute Physical and Emotional Stress: A Within-Subject Experimental EEG Study

This study aims to investigate neurophysiological, autonomic, and subjective responses to different acute physical and emotional stress-inducing conditions using a within-subject repeated-measures design.

Participants will complete four experimental conditions: a resting-state baseline, a Cold Pressor Test, a negative autobiographical memory recall task, and an affective picture-viewing task using stimuli selected from the Nencki Affective Picture System (NAPS). The order of the experimental stress conditions will be randomized or counterbalanced to minimize potential order and carry-over effects.

Read more

Electroencephalographic (EEG) and autonomic activity will be recorded throughout the experimental session. Autonomic measures will include heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), electrodermal activity (EDA), and skin conductance responses (SCR). Subjective levels of stress, anxiety, and pain will be assessed using visual analogue scales (VAS).

Participants will also complete validated psychological measures assessing resilience, perceived stress, and state and trait anxiety, together with the Tower of London task as a behavioral measure of executive planning.

The primary objective is to characterize the modulation of EEG alpha-band activity during acute physical stress, with the main comparison focusing on the Cold Pressor Test relative to resting-state baseline. Secondary and exploratory objectives include comparing cortical, autonomic, and subjective responses across experimental conditions and investigating whether individual psychological characteristics and executive functioning are associated with differences in psychophysiological stress responses.

Read the detailed description

The study will employ a within-subject repeated-measures design to investigate neurophysiological, autonomic, subjective, and cognitive responses to different acute physical and emotional stress-inducing conditions.

Each participant will complete four experimental conditions within a single experimental session: (1) a resting-state baseline, (2) a Cold Pressor Test, (3) a negative autobiographical memory recall task, and (4) an affective picture-viewing task using stimuli selected from the Nencki Affective Picture System (NAPS). The order of the experimental stress conditions will be randomized or counterbalanced across participants to reduce systematic order, habituation, fatigue, and carry-over effects. Appropriate recovery periods will be introduced between conditions.

During the resting-state baseline, participants will remain seated and relaxed with their eyes closed for four minutes. This condition will provide a reference measure of spontaneous cortical and autonomic activity.

During the Cold Pressor Test, participants will immerse one hand in an ice-water bath and will be instructed to maintain the immersion for as long as tolerable, up to a maximum of three minutes. Participants will be allowed to withdraw their hand at any time if the stimulation becomes intolerable. Actual immersion duration will be recorded as an index of pain tolerance.

During the negative autobiographical memory recall condition, participants will be instructed to select a personally painful or distressing autobiographical memory and focus on its emotional and experiential aspects for three minutes while seated with their eyes closed. No specific autobiographical event will be suggested by the researcher.

During the affective picture-viewing condition, participants will view negative and neutral images selected from the NAPS. Each trial will consist of a fixation period followed by presentation of an affective or neutral image. The presentation order will be randomized.

Electroencephalographic (EEG) and autonomic activity will be recorded throughout the experimental session. Autonomic measures will include heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), electrodermal activity (EDA), and skin conductance responses (SCR). Particular attention will be given to EEG alpha-band activity over frontal, parietal, and frontoparietal regions.

Subjective ratings of stress, anxiety, and pain will be obtained using visual analogue scales (VAS) following the relevant experimental conditions. Participants will also complete validated psychological questionnaires assessing resilience, perceived stress using the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), and state and trait anxiety using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y).

Executive functioning will be assessed using the 12-problem version of the Tower of London task. The task will be administered after the resting-state assessment and will provide a behavioral measure of executive planning and related higher-order cognitive processes.

The primary objective of the study is to characterize the modulation of EEG alpha-band activity associated with acute physical stress, with the main comparison focusing on the Cold Pressor Test relative to the resting-state baseline.

Secondary objectives include characterizing autonomic responses, including HRV, EDA, and SCR, and subjective stress, anxiety, and pain responses across the experimental conditions. Additional analyses will examine EEG activity across the different experimental conditions.

Exploratory analyses will investigate whether individual psychological characteristics, executive functioning, and pain tolerance are associated with differences in cortical, autonomic, and subjective responses to acute stress. Multivariate exploratory analyses may also be conducted to integrate EEG, autonomic, cognitive, and psychological measures and characterize individual patterns of psychophysiological stress response.

Conditions
Stress, Acute Stress
Being tested
Cold Pressor Test, Negative Autobiographical Memory Recall, Affective Picture-Viewing Task
Keywords
Acute stress, Electroencephalography, Heart rate variability, Skin conductance response, Cold Pressor Test, Emotional stress, Psychophysiology, resilience
Medical subject headings
Stress, Psychological

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Cold Pressor TestBehavioural

    Participants will immerse one hand in an ice-water bath and will be instructed to maintain the immersion for as long as tolerable, up to a maximum of three minutes. Participants may withdraw their hand at any time if the stimulation becomes intolerable. The actual duration of hand immersion will be recorded as an index of pain tolerance. EEG and autonomic activity will be continuously recorded during the task.

  • Negative Autobiographical Memory RecallBehavioural

    Participants will be instructed to select a personally painful or distressing autobiographical memory and focus on its emotional and experiential aspects for three minutes while seated with their eyes closed. No specific autobiographical event will be suggested by the researcher. EEG and autonomic activity will be continuously recorded during the task.

  • Affective Picture-Viewing TaskBehavioural

    Participants will view negative and neutral images selected from the Nencki Affective Picture System (NAPS). Each trial will consist of a 10-second fixation period followed by a 30-second image presentation. Images will be presented in randomized order while EEG and autonomic activity are continuously recorded.

Study groups in NCT07781670
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Experimental Stress ConditionsExperimentalParticipants will complete a single experimental session including a resting-state baseline, a Cold Pressor Test, a negative autobiographical memory recall task, and an affective picture-viewing task. EEG and autonomic activity will be continuously recorded throughout the experimental session. The order of the experimental stress conditions will be randomized or counterbalanced across participants, with appropriate recovery periods between conditions.
Receives: Behavioral: Cold Pressor Test; Behavioral: Negative Autobiographical Memory Recall; Behavioral: Affective Picture-Viewing Task

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Change in EEG alpha-band activity during the Cold Pressor Test compared with resting-state baseline

    EEG alpha-band activity will be quantified from predefined scalp regions, with particular attention to frontal, parietal, and frontoparietal regions. The primary outcome will be the within-participant change in alpha-band EEG activity during the Cold Pressor Test relative to the resting-state baseline.

    Measured: Day 1. During the single experimental session: resting-state baseline (4 minutes) and Cold Pressor Test (up to 3 minutes).

Secondary outcomes (9)
  1. EEG alpha/theta ratio across experimental conditions

    The EEG alpha/theta power ratio will be calculated as the ratio between alpha-band and theta-band EEG power in predefined scalp regions and compared within participants across the resting-state baseline, Cold Pressor Test, negative autobiographical memory recall, and affective picture-viewing conditions. The alpha/theta ratio is a dimensionless measure.

    Measured: Day 1. During the single experimental session.

  2. Heart rate variability across experimental conditions

    Heart rate variability (HRV) will be derived from cardiac recordings and compared across the resting-state baseline, Cold Pressor Test, negative autobiographical memory recall, and affective picture-viewing conditions.

    Measured: Day 1. During the single experimental session

  3. Electrodermal activity across experimental conditions

    Electrodermal activity (EDA) will be continuously recorded throughout the experimental session as an index of sympathetic autonomic activation. EDA will be compared within participants across the resting-state baseline, Cold Pressor Test, negative autobiographical memory recall, and affective picture-viewing conditions.

    Measured: Day 1. During the single experimental session

  4. Skin conductance responses across experimental conditions

    Skin conductance responses (SCR) will be derived from electrodermal recordings obtained continuously during the experimental session. The number and frequency of measurable SCRs will be quantified and compared within participants across the resting-state baseline, Cold Pressor Test, negative autobiographical memory recall, and affective picture-viewing conditions. Higher values indicate a greater frequency of phasic electrodermal responses.

    Measured: Day 1. During the single experimental session

  5. Subjective perceived stress across experimental conditions

    Subjective perceived stress will be assessed using a Visual Analogue Scale for Stress (VAS-Stress), ranging from 0 to 100, where 0 indicates no perceived stress and 100 indicates the highest level of perceived stress imaginable. Higher scores indicate greater perceived stress. VAS-Stress scores will be compared within participants across the relevant experimental conditions.

    Measured: Day 1. Immediately following the relevant experimental conditions during the single experimental session.

  6. Subjective anxiety across experimental conditions

    Subjective anxiety will be assessed using a Visual Analogue Scale for Anxiety (VAS-Anxiety), ranging from 0 to 100, where 0 indicates no anxiety and 100 indicates the highest level of anxiety imaginable. Higher scores indicate greater subjective anxiety. VAS-Anxiety scores will be compared within participants across the relevant experimental conditions.

    Measured: Day 1. Immediately following the relevant experimental conditions during the single experimental session.

  7. Subjective pain intensity following the Cold Pressor Test

    Subjective pain intensity will be assessed using a Visual Analogue Scale for Pain (VAS-Pain), ranging from 0 to 100, where 0 indicates no pain and 100 indicates the worst pain imaginable. Higher scores indicate greater perceived pain intensity.

    Measured: Day 1. Immediately following the Cold Pressor Test during the single experimental session.

  8. Pain tolerance during the Cold Pressor Test

    Pain tolerance will be assessed as the duration of hand immersion in the ice-water bath, measured in seconds, ranging from 0 to 180 seconds. Higher values indicate greater pain tolerance. Participants may withdraw their hand at any time, and the Cold Pressor Test will be terminated after a maximum of 180 seconds.

    Measured: Day 1. During the Cold Pressor Test within the single experimental session.

  9. Percentage of stimuli eliciting a skin conductance response during affective picture viewing

    The percentage of affective picture-viewing trials eliciting a measurable skin conductance response (SCR) will be calculated as the number of trials associated with a measurable SCR divided by the total number of evaluable trials, multiplied by 100. Scores range from 0% to 100%, with higher values indicating a greater proportion of stimuli eliciting a measurable electrodermal response.

    Measured: Day 1. During the affective picture-viewing condition within the single experimental session.

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted24 Aug 2026
  2. Study start1 Aug 2026
  3. Primary completion15 Aug 2026 (estimated)
  4. Study completion15 Aug 2026 (estimated)

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Basic science
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Model description
All participants will undergo the same experimental procedures within a single experimental session, including a resting-state baseline, a Cold Pressor Test, a negative autobiographical memory recall task, and an affective picture-viewing task. The order of the experimental stress conditions will be randomized or counterbalanced across participants to reduce potential order, habituation, fatigue, and carry-over effects. Appropriate recovery periods will be introduced between conditions.
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
30 participants (estimated)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT07781670
Sponsor's protocol ID
EEG_1
Status last verified
Aug 2026
First submitted
7 Aug 2026
Last updated
24 Aug 2026
Results posted
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Cold Pressor Test, Negative Autobiographical Memory Recall and Affective Picture-Viewing Task in people with Stress and Acute Stress, run by University of Pavia at 1 site in Italy.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 24 Aug 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in Italy. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

Contact Teresa Fazia, PhD (+390382987188, teresa.fazia@unipv.it), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Change in EEG alpha-band activity during the Cold Pressor Test compared with resting-state baseline (time frame: Day 1. During the single experimental session: resting-state baseline (4 minutes) and Cold Pressor Test (up to 3 minutes).). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 24 Aug 2026.

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