Athletic Performance EnhancementNAT-RTNCT07782606
Acute Effects of Neuroathletic Training-Integrated Resistance Training in Collegiate Athletes
A study testing Conventional Lower-Extremity Resistance Training and Neuroathletic Training-Integrated Resistance Training in people with Athletic Performance Enhancement and Neuromuscular Performance in Athletes, run by Ankara Yildirim Beyazıt University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This study investigated the acute and short-term effects of neuroathletic training (NAT)-integrated resistance training compared with conventional resistance training on physical and neuromuscular performance in collegiate athletes. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 25 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Athletic Performance Enhancement, Neuromuscular Performance in Athletes, Physical Performance
- What is being tested?
- Conventional Lower-Extremity Resistance Training and Neuroathletic Training-Integrated Resistance Training
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 58 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 10 Mar 2026to 10 Jun 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 25 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Were collegiate athletes participating in organized sport training.
- Had participated in regular sport-specific training for at least one year.
- Had previous experience with lower-extremity resistance training.
- Had previous experience with the exercises used in the study, including leg press, Romanian deadlift, leg extension, seated leg curl, dumbbell step-up, and Copenhagen exercise.
- Were familiar with maximal or near-maximal sprinting, jumping, and lower-limb strength testing.
- Were able to complete 5-meter sprint testing, bilateral and unilateral jump testing, Nordic hamstring testing, sit-and-reach flexibility testing, and the resistance training protocols.
- Were able to perform maximal or near-maximal lower-limb tasks without pain or movement restriction.
- Agreed to attend both experimental sessions and all measurement time points.
Who cannot join
- Had an acute lower-extremity musculoskeletal injury during the previous three months.
- Had a hamstring strain, quadriceps strain, groin injury, ankle sprain, knee injury, hip injury, or low back pain limiting sport participation during the previous three months.
- Had undergone lower-extremity surgery during the previous 12 months.
- Experienced current pain during sprinting, jumping, Nordic hamstring testing, flexibility testing, or resistance exercise.
- Had a neurological disorder.
- Had diagnosed vestibular dysfunction.
Show all 19Show fewer
- Had recurrent vertigo or unexplained dizziness.
- Had severe motion sensitivity.
- Had a balance disturbance.
- Had uncorrected visual impairment.
- Had diplopia or severe visual tracking difficulties.
- Had any condition preventing safe completion of eye-occlusion or gaze-stabilization exercises.
- Had experienced concussion within the previous six months.
- Had persistent post-concussion symptoms.
- Had cardiovascular, respiratory, metabolic, or systemic disease limiting high-intensity exercise.
- Used medication known to influence balance, alertness, reaction time, exercise tolerance, or neuromuscular performance.
- Failed to comply with pre-test instructions.
- Failed to attend both experimental sessions.
- Had incomplete data at any measurement time point.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Neural Priming Before Performance: Acute Effects of Neuroathletic Training-Integrated Resistance Training Versus Conventional Resistance Training on Sprint Acceleration, Jump Performance, Eccentric Hamstring Strength, Flexibility, and Bilateral Hamstring Symmetry in Collegiate Athletes
This study investigated the acute and short-term effects of neuroathletic training (NAT)-integrated resistance training compared with conventional resistance training on physical and neuromuscular performance in collegiate athletes. Fifty-eight collegiate athletes completed two experimental resistance training sessions separated by one week. The conventional resistance training condition was performed first, followed one week later by a NAT-integrated resistance training condition.
Both sessions included the same lower-extremity resistance exercises, training volume, intensity, exercise order, and rest intervals. During the NAT-integrated condition, visual, vestibular, gaze-stabilization, and proprioceptive drills were incorporated before selected resistance sets and during rest intervals. Sprint acceleration, bilateral and unilateral jump performance, eccentric hamstring strength, bilateral hamstring maximum difference, and sit-and-reach flexibility were assessed before training, immediately after training, 15 minutes after training, and 30 minutes after training.
Read the detailed description
Neuroathletic training is an emerging training approach that incorporates visual, vestibular, proprioceptive, and sensorimotor exercises with the aim of improving the quality of sensory input and motor readiness. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether integrating brief neuroathletic training drills into a conventional lower-extremity resistance training session could influence acute and short-term physical performance responses in trained collegiate athletes.
The study used a non-randomized, fixed-order, within-participant repeated-measures intervention design. Fifty-eight collegiate athletes completed two experimental sessions separated by one week. During the first experimental session, participants completed conventional lower-extremity resistance training. During the second session, participants completed the same resistance training program combined with neuroathletic training drills. Therefore, each participant served as their own control.
The resistance training protocol consisted of leg press, Romanian deadlift, leg extension, seated leg curl, dumbbell step-up, and Copenhagen exercise. Training volume, intensity, exercise order, and rest intervals were matched between conditions. During the conventional condition, rest intervals consisted of passive rest. During the NAT-integrated condition, participants completed a 6-8-minute pre-session neuroathletic activation block followed by brief neuroathletic primers before selected resistance sets and during rest intervals. These drills included binocular and monocular convergence-divergence tasks, unilateral eye occlusion, gaze stabilization, vertical and horizontal vestibular stimulation, head-position variations, and proprioceptive awareness exercises.
Performance assessments were conducted before training (T0), immediately after training (T1), 15 minutes after training (T2), and 30 minutes after training (T3) during each experimental condition. Outcome measures included 5-meter sprint acceleration, bilateral countermovement jump performance, right- and left-leg unilateral jump performance, eccentric hamstring strength assessed using the IVMES H-Bord during the Nordic hamstring exercise, bilateral maximum difference between hamstring strength outputs, and sit-and-reach flexibility.
- Conditions
- Athletic Performance Enhancement, Neuromuscular Performance in Athletes, Physical Performance
- Being tested
- Conventional Lower-Extremity Resistance Training, Neuroathletic Training-Integrated Resistance Training
- Keywords
- Neuroathletic training, Neural priming, Collegiate athletes, Eccentric hamstring strength, Jump performance, Visual training, Vestibular stimulation, H-Bord
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Conventional Lower-Extremity Resistance TrainingOther
Participants completed a standardized lower-extremity resistance training session consisting of six exercises: leg press, Romanian deadlift, leg extension, seated leg curl, dumbbell step-up, and Copenhagen exercise.
Leg press: 4 sets of 8-10 repetitions at approximately RPE 7-8, with 90 seconds rest.
Romanian deadlift: 4 sets of 6-8 repetitions with a controlled 4-second eccentric phase and 90 seconds rest.
Leg extension: 4 sets of 8-12 repetitions with an explosive concentric phase and 75-90 seconds rest.
Seated leg curl: 4 sets of 8-10 repetitions with a 4-5-second eccentric phase and 90 seconds rest.
Dumbbell step-up: 3 sets of 6-8 repetitions per leg with 90 seconds rest. Copenhagen exercise: 3 sets of 20-30 seconds per side with 60-90 seconds rest. Rest intervals consisted of passive rest only. No visual, vestibular, proprioceptive, gaze-stabilization, unilateral eye-occlusion, saccular, or utricular drills were performed.
Neuroathletic Training-Integrated Resistance TrainingOther
Participants completed the same lower-extremity resistance training protocol used in the conventional condition. The NAT-integrated condition additionally included a 6-8-minute pre-session neuroathletic activation block and brief neuroathletic primers before selected resistance sets and during rest intervals.
The neuroathletic components included binocular convergence-divergence exercises, monocular convergence-divergence with unilateral eye occlusion, vertical vestibular/saccular stimulation, horizontal or linear vestibular stimulation, gaze stabilization, head-position variation, and proprioceptive awareness tasks.
The purpose of these drills was to provide acute neural priming through visual, vestibular, oculomotor, proprioceptive, and sensorimotor stimulation while maintaining the same resistance training volume and intensity as the conventional condition.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Fixed-Order Conventional and NAT-Integrated Resistance Training | Experimental | All enrolled athletes completed two experimental sessions separated by one week. During the first session, participants completed conventional lower-extremity resistance training. During the second session, participants completed the same resistance training program with additional neuroathletic visual, vestibular, gaze-stabilization, and proprioceptive drills performed before selected sets and during rest intervals. Receives: Other: Conventional Lower-Extremity Resistance Training; Other: Neuroathletic Training-Integrated Resistance Training |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Bilateral Hamstring Maximum Difference (MD)
Maximum between-limb difference in eccentric hamstring strength. MD was calculated as:
MD (%) = |Right limb value - Left limb value| / higher limb value × 100 Lower values indicate greater bilateral symmetry.
Measured: Baseline, immediately post-training, 15 minutes post-training, and 30 minutes post-training during each experimental session.
Eccentric Hamstring Strength
Eccentric hamstring strength was assessed using the IVMES H-Bord during the Nordic hamstring exercise. Peak eccentric force was recorded separately for the left and right limbs (Max Left and Max Right), together with device-derived left- and right-side strength outputs (T Left and T Right).
Measured: Baseline, immediately post-training, 15 minutes post-training, and 30 minutes post-training during each of the two experimental sessions separated by one week.
Sit-and-Reach Flexibility
Hamstring-related posterior chain flexibility assessed using the standard sit-and-reach test. Distance was recorded in centimeters, with higher values representing greater flexibility.
Measured: Baseline, immediately post-training, 15 minutes post-training, and 30 minutes post-training during each experimental session.
Secondary outcomes (4)
5-Meter Sprint Acceleration
Short-distance acceleration performance measured using an electronic photocell timing gate system. Sprint time was recorded in seconds. Lower values indicate better acceleration performance.
Measured: Baseline, immediately post-training, 15 minutes post-training, and 30 minutes post-training during each experimental session.
Bilateral Jump Performance
Maximal bilateral countermovement jump performance recorded in centimeters. Higher values indicate greater lower-limb explosive performance.
Measured: Baseline, immediately post-training, 15 minutes post-training, and 30 minutes post-training during each experimental session.
Right-Leg Unilateral Jump
Maximum single-leg jump performance of the right limb recorded in centimeters. The best valid trial was used.
Measured: Baseline, immediately post-training, 15 minutes post-training, and 30 minutes post-training during each experimental session.
Left-Leg Unilateral Jump
Maximum single-leg jump performance of the left limb recorded in centimeters. The best valid trial was used.
Measured: Baseline, immediately post-training, 15 minutes post-training, and 30 minutes post-training during each experimental session.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted24 Aug 2026
- Study start10 Mar 2026
- Primary completion10 Apr 2026
- Study completion10 Jun 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Athletic Performance EnhancementStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Ankara Yildirim Beyazıt UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Model description
- Non-Randomized
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 58 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Ankara Yildirim Beyazıt University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07782606
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- EKBYS 23.11.2025
- Acronym
- NAT-RT
- Status last verified
- Aug 2026
- First submitted
- 20 Aug 2026
- Last updated
- 25 Aug 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: De-identified individual participant data will be available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request, subject to applicable ethical and institutional requirements.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 25 Aug 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Neural Priming Before Performance: Acute Effects of Neuroathletic Training-Integrated Resistance Training Versus Conventional Resistance Training on Sprint Acceleration, Jump Performance, Eccentric Hamstring Strength, Flexibility, and Bilateral Hamstring Symmetry in Collegiate Athletes
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07782606
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- NAT-RT / EKBYS 23.11.2025
- Conditions
- Athletic Performance Enhancement, Neuromuscular Performance in Athletes, Physical Performance
- Keywords
- Neuroathletic training, Neural priming, Collegiate athletes, Eccentric hamstring strength, Jump performance, Visual training, Vestibular stimulation, H-Bord
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 58 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Ankara Yildirim Beyazıt UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 10 Mar 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 10 Apr 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 10 Jun 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 24 Aug 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study investigated the acute and short-term effects of neuroathletic training (NAT)-integrated resistance training compared with conventional resistance training on physical and neuromuscular performance in collegiate athletes. Fifty-eight collegiate athletes completed two experimental resistance training sessions separated by one week. The conventional resistance training condition was performed first, followed one week later by a NAT-integrated resistance training condition.
Both sessions included the same lower-extremity resistance exercises, training volume, intensity, exercise order, and rest intervals. During the NAT-integrated condition, visual, vestibular, gaze-stabilization, and proprioceptive drills were incorporated before selected resistance sets and during rest intervals. Sprint acceleration, bilateral and unilateral jump performance, eccentric hamstring strength, bilateral hamstring maximum difference, and sit-and-reach flexibility were assessed before training, immediately after training, 15 minutes after training, and 30 minutes after training.
Detailed description
Neuroathletic training is an emerging training approach that incorporates visual, vestibular, proprioceptive, and sensorimotor exercises with the aim of improving the quality of sensory input and motor readiness. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether integrating brief neuroathletic training drills into a conventional lower-extremity resistance training session could influence acute and short-term physical performance responses in trained collegiate athletes.
The study used a non-randomized, fixed-order, within-participant repeated-measures intervention design. Fifty-eight collegiate athletes completed two experimental sessions separated by one week. During the first experimental session, participants completed conventional lower-extremity resistance training. During the second session, participants completed the same resistance training program combined with neuroathletic training drills. Therefore, each participant served as their own control.
The resistance training protocol consisted of leg press, Romanian deadlift, leg extension, seated leg curl, dumbbell step-up, and Copenhagen exercise. Training volume, intensity, exercise order, and rest intervals were matched between conditions. During the conventional condition, rest intervals consisted of passive rest. During the NAT-integrated condition, participants completed a 6-8-minute pre-session neuroathletic activation block followed by brief neuroathletic primers before selected resistance sets and during rest intervals. These drills included binocular and monocular convergence-divergence tasks, unilateral eye occlusion, gaze stabilization, vertical and horizontal vestibular stimulation, head-position variations, and proprioceptive awareness exercises.
Performance assessments were conducted before training (T0), immediately after training (T1), 15 minutes after training (T2), and 30 minutes after training (T3) during each experimental condition. Outcome measures included 5-meter sprint acceleration, bilateral countermovement jump performance, right- and left-leg unilateral jump performance, eccentric hamstring strength assessed using the IVMES H-Bord during the Nordic hamstring exercise, bilateral maximum difference between hamstring strength outputs, and sit-and-reach flexibility.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
- Model description
- Non-Randomized
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Fixed-Order Conventional and NAT-Integrated Resistance Training | Experimental | Other: Conventional Lower-Extremity Resistance Training, Other: Neuroathletic Training-Integrated Resistance TrainingAll enrolled athletes completed two experimental sessions separated by one week. During the first session, participants completed conventional lower-extremity resistance training. During the second session, participants completed the same resistance training program with additional neuroathletic visual, vestibular, gaze-stabilization, and proprioceptive drills performed before selected sets and during rest intervals. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 25 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (8 listed)
- Were collegiate athletes participating in organized sport training.
- Had participated in regular sport-specific training for at least one year.
- Had previous experience with lower-extremity resistance training.
- Had previous experience with the exercises used in the study, including leg press, Romanian deadlift, leg extension, seated leg curl, dumbbell step-up, and Copenhagen exercise.
- Were familiar with maximal or near-maximal sprinting, jumping, and lower-limb strength testing.
Key exclusion criteria (19 listed)
- Had an acute lower-extremity musculoskeletal injury during the previous three months.
- Had a hamstring strain, quadriceps strain, groin injury, ankle sprain, knee injury, hip injury, or low back pain limiting sport participation during the previous three months.
- Had undergone lower-extremity surgery during the previous 12 months.
- Experienced current pain during sprinting, jumping, Nordic hamstring testing, flexibility testing, or resistance exercise.
- Had a neurological disorder.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Conventional Lower-Extremity Resistance TrainingParticipants completed a standardized lower-extremity resistance training session consisting of six exercises: leg press, Romanian deadlift, leg extension, seated leg curl, dumbbell step-up, and Copenhagen exercise. Leg press: 4 sets of 8-10 repetitions at approximately RPE 7-8, with 90 seconds rest. Romanian deadlift: 4 sets of 6-8 repetitions with a controlled 4-second eccentric phase and 90 seconds rest. Leg extension: 4 sets of 8-12 repetitions with an explosive concentric phase and 75-90 seconds rest. Seated leg curl: 4 sets of 8-10 repetitions with a 4-5-second eccentric phase and 90 seconds rest. Dumbbell step-up: 3 sets of 6-8 repetitions per leg with 90 seconds rest. Copenhagen exercise: 3 sets of 20-30 seconds per side with 60-90 seconds rest. Rest intervals consisted of passive rest only. No visual, vestibular, proprioceptive, gaze-stabilization, unilateral eye-occlusion, saccular, or utricular drills were performed. | Other | Fixed-Order Conventional and NAT-Integrated Resistance Training |
| Neuroathletic Training-Integrated Resistance TrainingParticipants completed the same lower-extremity resistance training protocol used in the conventional condition. The NAT-integrated condition additionally included a 6-8-minute pre-session neuroathletic activation block and brief neuroathletic primers before selected resistance sets and during rest intervals. The neuroathletic components included binocular convergence-divergence exercises, monocular convergence-divergence with unilateral eye occlusion, vertical vestibular/saccular stimulation, horizontal or linear vestibular stimulation, gaze stabilization, head-position variation, and proprioceptive awareness tasks. The purpose of these drills was to provide acute neural priming through visual, vestibular, oculomotor, proprioceptive, and sensorimotor stimulation while maintaining the same resistance training volume and intensity as the conventional condition. | Other | Fixed-Order Conventional and NAT-Integrated Resistance Training |
Primary outcome
Bilateral Hamstring Maximum Difference (MD)
Time frame: Baseline, immediately post-training, 15 minutes post-training, and 30 minutes post-training during each experimental session.
Maximum between-limb difference in eccentric hamstring strength. MD was calculated as: MD (%) = |Right limb value - Left limb value| / higher limb value × 100 Lower values indicate greater bilateral symmetry.
Eccentric Hamstring Strength
Time frame: Baseline, immediately post-training, 15 minutes post-training, and 30 minutes post-training during each of the two experimental sessions separated by one week.
Eccentric hamstring strength was assessed using the IVMES H-Bord during the Nordic hamstring exercise. Peak eccentric force was recorded separately for the left and right limbs (Max Left and Max Right), together with device-derived left- and right-side strength outputs (T Left and T Right).
Sit-and-Reach Flexibility
Time frame: Baseline, immediately post-training, 15 minutes post-training, and 30 minutes post-training during each experimental session.
Hamstring-related posterior chain flexibility assessed using the standard sit-and-reach test. Distance was recorded in centimeters, with higher values representing greater flexibility.
4 secondary outcomes
5-Meter Sprint Acceleration
Time frame: Baseline, immediately post-training, 15 minutes post-training, and 30 minutes post-training during each experimental session.
Bilateral Jump Performance
Time frame: Baseline, immediately post-training, 15 minutes post-training, and 30 minutes post-training during each experimental session.
Right-Leg Unilateral Jump
Time frame: Baseline, immediately post-training, 15 minutes post-training, and 30 minutes post-training during each experimental session.
Left-Leg Unilateral Jump
Time frame: Baseline, immediately post-training, 15 minutes post-training, and 30 minutes post-training during each experimental session.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 25 Aug 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. De-identified individual participant data will be available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request, subject to applicable ethical and institutional requirements.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Conventional Lower-Extremity Resistance Training and Neuroathletic Training-Integrated Resistance Training in people with Athletic Performance Enhancement and Neuromuscular Performance in Athletes, run by Ankara Yildirim Beyazıt University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 8 inclusion and 19 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 25 Aug 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Bilateral Hamstring Maximum Difference (MD) (time frame: Baseline, immediately post-training, 15 minutes post-training, and 30 minutes post-training during each experimental session.). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 25 Aug 2026; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 7 Nov 2026.