Body OdorNCT07844902
A Fourth Proof-of-Concept Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of NOBO, a Novel Postbiotic, in Controlling Axillary Odor in Healthy Adults
A study testing NOBO postbiotic in people with Body Odor, run by Kingdom at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the performance of NOBO, a yeast-based fermentation product (postbiotic) designed to control axillary odor, in controlling axillary odor in healthy male and female adults age 18 - 70 with confirmed self-perception of body odor. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 70 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Body Odor
- What is being tested?
- NOBO postbiotic
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 18 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 14 Sep 2026to 18 Sep 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 70 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Age: The subject is an adult between 18 and 70 y.o.
- Skin health: The subject has no active skin conditions or lesions in the axillary region and no existing skin conditions (e.g., eczema, psoriasis, contact dermatitis).
- Skin allergies: The subject has no known allergies to skin treatment products or cosmetics, toiletries, and/or topical drugs.
Who cannot join
- Subject is pregnant, nursing, or planning to become pregnant in the next 6 months.
- Subject is an insulin-dependent diabetic.
- Subject has been diagnosed or treated for cancer in the past 5 years.
- Subject is currently using or has not used in the past two weeks any systemic antibiotics.
- Subject is currently using or used within the last month any topical medications, over-the-counter (OTC) or prescription products on the underarms.
- Subject is currently taking or plans to take during the study any anti-inflammatory for a chronic condition (except 81 mg-Aspirin per day), immunosuppressant, antihistamine, or sedative medications (i.e. containing antihistamines like Tylenol PM, Nyquil, etc.).
- Subject is currently participating in another underarm clinical trial. Subjects may participate in other studies as long as the same test sites are not used or are testing similar products.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Split-Axilla, Proof-of-Concept Study #4 to Evaluate the Efficacy of NOBO, a Novel Postbiotic, in Controlling Axillary Odor in Healthy Adults
The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the performance of NOBO, a yeast-based fermentation product (postbiotic) designed to control axillary odor, in controlling axillary odor in healthy male and female adults age 18 - 70 with confirmed self-perception of body odor. The main question it aims to answer is: Does NOBO decrease self-perceived odor of the intervention axilla compared to the placebo axilla at any time point? Researchers will compare the intervention axilla odor score to the placebo axilla odor score to see if there is a difference in self-perceived odor. Participants will:
- be given a NOBO deodorant spray and a placebo deodorant spray (each assigned to one axilla)
- self assess body odor
- self assess skin irritation
Read the detailed description
The study aims to evaluate the performance of NOBO, a yeast-based fermentate designed to control axillary odor, in controlling axillary odor. This fourth efficacy study of NOBO serves the purpose of validating the fermentate's efficacy and de-risking future external clinical studies.
For this study, a total of 16 subjects will be recruited based on the recruitment requirements. The target population for this study is healthy male and female adults age 18 - 70 with no existing skin conditions (e.g., eczema, psoriasis, contact dermatitis) and no known allergies to skin treatment products or cosmetics, toiletries, and/or topical drugs, with confirmed self-perception of body odor. All assessments are conducted via electronic surveys through an internal data collection platform.
On Day -1 to Day 0, each subject goes through a wash-in period with controlled washing with only unscented soap; no use of underarm product is allowed.
Participants are randomly assigned a treatment axilla: either left or right. One axilla (intervention axilla) will receive NOBO for the full duration of the intervention period. The other axilla (control axilla) will receive a placebo for the full duration of the study.
Throughout the study, participants perform self-assessment of odor that includes assessing which axilla has stronger odor and rating the odor of each axilla using a standard odor rating scale (0-5). On Day 1 (AM) the subject performs the baseline self assessment of axillary odor and skin irritation. The subject then applies the deodorants to each axilla and self assesses odor immediately after the first application. On Day 1 (PM), ~12 hours after Day 1 AM application, the subject self assesses odor and applies the deodorants to each axilla again. On Day 2 (AM), the subject applies the deodorant to each axilla. On Day 2 (PM), the subject self assesses odor and applies the deodorant to each axilla. On Day 3, no underarm washing is allowed. On Day 3 (AM), the subject applies the deodorant to each axilla. On Day 3 (PM), the subject self assesses odor and skin irritation on each axilla.
Observing a decrease in self perceived odor of the intervention (NOBO) axilla compared to the placebo axilla at any post-baseline timepoint.
- Conditions
- Body Odor
- Being tested
- NOBO postbiotic, Placebo
- Keywords
- Body odor, Deodorant
- Medical subject headings
- Body Odor
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
NOBO postbioticOther
The active ingredient in the NOBO deodorant is a yeast-based fermentation product (postbiotic) of the Starmerella genus.
PlaceboOther
The placebo deodorant is composed of 10% ethanol in water
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| NOBO deodorant | Experimental | The NOBO deodorant is composed of ≤2.0% yeast fermentation product and 10% ethanol in water. A dose is 0.48 mL per axilla for female subjects (3 actuations) or 0.64 mL per axilla for male subjects (4 actuations), delivered twice a day. Receives: Other: NOBO postbiotic |
| Placebo deodorant | Placebo comparator | The placebo deodorant is composed of 10% ethanol in water. The placebo deodorant contains the same concentration of ethanol as the NOBO deodorant. A dose is 0.48 mL per axilla for female subjects (3 actuations) or 0.64 mL per axilla for male subjects (4 actuations), delivered twice a day. Receives: Other: Placebo |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Axillary odor self assessment (on 0-5 scale)
A 0 on the odor scale corresponds to "no axillary odor"; a 5 corresponds to "very strong axillary odor"
Measured: At baseline (before application), immediately after first application, Day 1 PM, Day 2 PM, and Day 3 PM
Secondary outcomes (3)
Axillary odor self assessment (comparative)
The comparative odor assessment is a measure of which axilla smells worse: left or right
Measured: at baseline (before application), immediately after first application, Day 1 PM, Day 2 PM, and Day 3 PM
Skin irritation (redness/edema) self assessment (0-4 Draize scale)
A 0 on the Draize scale corresponds to no redness/edema; a 4 on the Draize scale corresponds to severe redness/edema.
Measured: at baseline (before application) and Day 3 PM
Skin pain self assessment (0-10 pain scale)
On the 0-10 pain scale, 0 = No pain at all, 5 = Moderate pain, 10 =Severe or unbearable pain.
Measured: at baseline (before application) and Day 3 PM
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted28 Sep 2026
- Study start14 Sep 2026
- Primary completion18 Sep 2026
- Study completion18 Sep 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Body OdorStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Split-axilla design: one axilla received intervention, other axilla receives placebo
- Masking
- Triple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 18 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Kingdom
- Sponsor type
- Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07844902
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- NOBO105D01
- Status last verified
- Sep 2026
- First submitted
- 16 Sep 2026
- Last updated
- 28 Sep 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: There is no reason to share IPD from this study with other researchers.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 28 Sep 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Split-Axilla, Proof-of-Concept Study #4 to Evaluate the Efficacy of NOBO, a Novel Postbiotic, in Controlling Axillary Odor in Healthy Adults
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07844902
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- NOBO105D01
- Conditions
- Body Odor
- Keywords
- Body odor, Deodorant
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 18 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- KingdomIndustry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Study start
- 14 Sep 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 18 Sep 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 18 Sep 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 28 Sep 2026 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the performance of NOBO, a yeast-based fermentation product (postbiotic) designed to control axillary odor, in controlling axillary odor in healthy male and female adults age 18 - 70 with confirmed self-perception of body odor. The main question it aims to answer is: Does NOBO decrease self-perceived odor of the intervention axilla compared to the placebo axilla at any time point? Researchers will compare the intervention axilla odor score to the placebo axilla odor score to see if there is a difference in self-perceived odor. Participants will:
- be given a NOBO deodorant spray and a placebo deodorant spray (each assigned to one axilla)
- self assess body odor
- self assess skin irritation
Detailed description
The study aims to evaluate the performance of NOBO, a yeast-based fermentate designed to control axillary odor, in controlling axillary odor. This fourth efficacy study of NOBO serves the purpose of validating the fermentate's efficacy and de-risking future external clinical studies.
For this study, a total of 16 subjects will be recruited based on the recruitment requirements. The target population for this study is healthy male and female adults age 18 - 70 with no existing skin conditions (e.g., eczema, psoriasis, contact dermatitis) and no known allergies to skin treatment products or cosmetics, toiletries, and/or topical drugs, with confirmed self-perception of body odor. All assessments are conducted via electronic surveys through an internal data collection platform.
On Day -1 to Day 0, each subject goes through a wash-in period with controlled washing with only unscented soap; no use of underarm product is allowed.
Participants are randomly assigned a treatment axilla: either left or right. One axilla (intervention axilla) will receive NOBO for the full duration of the intervention period. The other axilla (control axilla) will receive a placebo for the full duration of the study.
Throughout the study, participants perform self-assessment of odor that includes assessing which axilla has stronger odor and rating the odor of each axilla using a standard odor rating scale (0-5). On Day 1 (AM) the subject performs the baseline self assessment of axillary odor and skin irritation. The subject then applies the deodorants to each axilla and self assesses odor immediately after the first application. On Day 1 (PM), ~12 hours after Day 1 AM application, the subject self assesses odor and applies the deodorants to each axilla again. On Day 2 (AM), the subject applies the deodorant to each axilla. On Day 2 (PM), the subject self assesses odor and applies the deodorant to each axilla. On Day 3, no underarm washing is allowed. On Day 3 (AM), the subject applies the deodorant to each axilla. On Day 3 (PM), the subject self assesses odor and skin irritation on each axilla.
Observing a decrease in self perceived odor of the intervention (NOBO) axilla compared to the placebo axilla at any post-baseline timepoint.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind (participant, investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Split-axilla design: one axilla received intervention, other axilla receives placebo
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| NOBO deodorant | Experimental | Other: NOBO postbioticThe NOBO deodorant is composed of ≤2.0% yeast fermentation product and 10% ethanol in water. A dose is 0.48 mL per axilla for female subjects (3 actuations) or 0.64 mL per axilla for male subjects (4 actuations), delivered twice a day. |
| Placebo deodorant | Placebo comparator | Other: PlaceboThe placebo deodorant is composed of 10% ethanol in water. The placebo deodorant contains the same concentration of ethanol as the NOBO deodorant. A dose is 0.48 mL per axilla for female subjects (3 actuations) or 0.64 mL per axilla for male subjects (4 actuations), delivered twice a day. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 70 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Age: The subject is an adult between 18 and 70 y.o.
- Skin health: The subject has no active skin conditions or lesions in the axillary region and no existing skin conditions (e.g., eczema, psoriasis, contact dermatitis).
- Skin allergies: The subject has no known allergies to skin treatment products or cosmetics, toiletries, and/or topical drugs.
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Subject is pregnant, nursing, or planning to become pregnant in the next 6 months.
- Subject is an insulin-dependent diabetic.
- Subject has been diagnosed or treated for cancer in the past 5 years.
- Subject is currently using or has not used in the past two weeks any systemic antibiotics.
- Subject is currently using or used within the last month any topical medications, over-the-counter (OTC) or prescription products on the underarms.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| NOBO postbioticThe active ingredient in the NOBO deodorant is a yeast-based fermentation product (postbiotic) of the Starmerella genus. | Other | NOBO deodorant |
| PlaceboThe placebo deodorant is composed of 10% ethanol in water | Other | Placebo deodorant |
Primary outcome
Axillary odor self assessment (on 0-5 scale)
Time frame: At baseline (before application), immediately after first application, Day 1 PM, Day 2 PM, and Day 3 PM
A 0 on the odor scale corresponds to "no axillary odor"; a 5 corresponds to "very strong axillary odor"
3 secondary outcomes
Axillary odor self assessment (comparative)
Time frame: at baseline (before application), immediately after first application, Day 1 PM, Day 2 PM, and Day 3 PM
Skin irritation (redness/edema) self assessment (0-4 Draize scale)
Time frame: at baseline (before application) and Day 3 PM
Skin pain self assessment (0-10 pain scale)
Time frame: at baseline (before application) and Day 3 PM
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 28 Sep 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. There is no reason to share IPD from this study with other researchers.
Related trials for Body Odor
RecruitingObservational study
Rare Disease Patient Registry & Natural History Study - Coordination of Rare Diseases at Sanford
Rare Disorders, Undiagnosed Disorders
Active, not recruiting
A Fifth Proof-of-Concept Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of NOBO, a Novel Postbiotic, in Controlling Axillary Odor in Healthy Adults
Body Odor
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing NOBO postbiotic in people with Body Odor, run by Kingdom at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 28 Sep 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Axillary odor self assessment (on 0-5 scale) (time frame: At baseline (before application), immediately after first application, Day 1 PM, Day 2 PM, and Day 3 PM). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 28 Sep 2026; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 30 Oct 2026.